CN109760029A - Flat single-arm robot based on synchronous pulley drive - Google Patents

Flat single-arm robot based on synchronous pulley drive Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109760029A
CN109760029A CN201910226344.7A CN201910226344A CN109760029A CN 109760029 A CN109760029 A CN 109760029A CN 201910226344 A CN201910226344 A CN 201910226344A CN 109760029 A CN109760029 A CN 109760029A
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arm
forearm
bearing
pulley
last
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CN109760029B (en
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何张强
胡祥涛
张腊梅
李旺
徐非骏
吴后平
时宇航
程五四
李赞澄
赵晖
陈帝江
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CETC 38 Research Institute
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CETC 38 Research Institute
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of platypelloid type one armed robot based on synchronous belt pulley transmission, is related to robot field.Including SCARA mechanical arm, the SCARA mechanical arm includes forearm, middle arm, last arm, forearm transmission mechanism, middle arm transmission mechanism, last arm transmission mechanism;The forearm, middle arm, last arm are set gradually from front to back;The forearm transmission mechanism is primary transmission mechanism, and the output shaft of motor connects the shaft of the forearm by one group of synchronous pulley;The middle arm transmission mechanism is secondary drive mechanism, and the output shaft of motor connects the shaft of the middle arm by the successively transmitting of two groups of synchronous pulleys;The end arm transmission mechanism is three-level transmission mechanism, and the output shaft of motor connects the last arm by the successively transmitting of three groups of synchronous pulleys.The present invention has the advantages that mechanical arm can be made to be that rotation angle is unrestricted and reduce the volume of mechanical arm.

Description

Platypelloid type one armed robot based on synchronous belt pulley transmission
Technical field
The present invention relates to robot field more particularly to a kind of platypelloid type one armed robots based on synchronous belt pulley transmission.
Background technique
The freedom degree there are three rotary freedom and a vertical direction is gathered around by plane articulation type SCARA robot, can be in water Quickly assignment is completed in positioning in plane, is particularly suitable for assembly printed circuit board and electronic component, is moved and pick and place integrated The work such as circuit board are widely used in plastics industry, auto industry, electronics industry, pharmaceutical industries and food industry etc. Field.
Traditional SCARA robot is driven using straight drive mode, has the characteristics that low-cost, but motor is located at often A intra-articular, cable routing makes joint rotation angle limited;Last arm is larger in vertical space upper volume, can not be suitable for work The lesser occasion in space;The straight kind of drive of driving makes robot end's vibration larger, is unable to satisfy high accuracy positioning requirement Occasion, such as wafer loading and unloading.And the SCARA robot of the occasions such as oriented wafer loading and unloading has flat structure, high-performance etc. excellent Point, but its structure depends on expensive torque motor and harmonic wave speed reducing machine.
It is therefore proposed that the SCARA robot technology scheme with high-performance, thin arm and low cost, for intelligence manufacture skill Art development is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide one kind the rotation angle of mechanical arm can be made unrestricted and Reduce the platypelloid type one armed robot based on synchronous belt pulley transmission of the volume of mechanical arm.
The present invention is to solve above-mentioned technical problem: the platypelloid type list based on synchronous belt pulley transmission by the following technical programs Arm robot, including SCARA mechanical arm (1), the SCARA mechanical arm (1) includes forearm (4), middle arm (5), last arm (6), preceding Arm transmission mechanism (7), middle arm transmission mechanism (8), last arm transmission mechanism (9);The forearm (4), middle arm (5), last arm (6) are in the past It is set gradually after;The forearm transmission mechanism (7) is primary transmission mechanism, and the output shaft of motor passes through one group of synchronous pulley The shaft for connecting the forearm (4) drives the forearm (4) to rotate;The middle arm transmission mechanism (8) is secondary drive mechanism, The output shaft of its motor connects the shaft of the middle arm (5) by the successively transmitting of two groups of synchronous pulleys, drives the middle arm (5) Rotation;The end arm transmission mechanism (9) is three-level transmission mechanism, and the output shaft of motor passes through the successively biography of three groups of synchronous pulleys The connection last arm (6) is passed, the last arm (6) is driven to rotate.
Realize that Multi-stage transmission, synchronous belt have certain damping effect, mechanical arm tail end vibration by belt wheel and synchronous belt It is small;The motor of mechanical arm is respectively positioned on the outside of mechanical arm, and cable bus is easy, and keeps the rotation angle of mechanical arm unrestricted;It passes Motivation structure occupies little space, and reduces the volume of mechanical arm, and mechanical arm is in flat, thin arm configuration, can be limited field in vertical space Close work;Transmission mechanism can be made of cheap standard component, and maintenance of motor is easy, and is reduced costs.
As the technical solution of optimization, the forearm transmission mechanism (7) includes forearm motor (7a), forearm belt wheel group (7b), forearm synchronous belt (7c), forearm shaft (7d), forearm bearing (7e);The forearm belt wheel group (7b) includes two belt wheels, The forearm synchronous belt (7c) is wound on except two belt wheels and two belt wheels links together;The output of the forearm motor (7a) Axis is mounted on the inner ring of one of belt wheel of the forearm belt wheel group (7b);One end of the forearm shaft (7d) is mounted on institute The inner ring of another belt wheel of forearm belt wheel group (7b) is stated, middle part is mounted on the inner ring of the forearm bearing (7e), and the other end is set There is connection structure;
The middle arm transmission mechanism (8) includes middle arm motor (8a), middle arm first pulley group (8b), the first synchronous belt of middle arm (8c), middle arm first rotating shaft (8d), middle arm first bearing (8e), middle arm the second belt wheel group (8f), the second synchronous belt of middle arm (8g), Middle the second shaft of arm (8h), middle arm second bearing (8i);Described middle arm first bearing (8e) totally two;Middle arm first pulley group (8b) includes two belt wheels, and one of belt wheel is installed therein the inner ring of a middle arm first bearing (8e), the middle arm the One synchronous belt (8c) is wound on the middle arm first bearing (8e) and two belt wheels links together with except another belt wheel;It is described Middle the second belt wheel of arm group (8f) includes two belt wheels, and one of belt wheel is mounted on the interior of arm first bearing (8e) in another Circle, middle second synchronous belt of arm (8g), which is wound on except the middle arm first bearing (8e) and another belt wheel, connects two belt wheels It is connected together;The both ends of the middle arm first rotating shaft (8d) are separately mounted to the middle arm first pulley group (8b), middle arm second The inner ring for the belt wheel of belt wheel group (8f) being mounted in the middle arm first bearing (8e);The output shaft of the middle arm motor (8a) It is mounted on the inner ring of another belt wheel of the middle arm first pulley group (8b);It installs one end of second shaft of middle arm (8h) In the inner ring of another belt wheel of middle the second belt wheel of arm group (8f), middle part is mounted on the interior of the middle arm second bearing (8i) Circle, the other end are equipped with connection structure;
The end arm transmission mechanism (9) includes last arm motor (9a), last arm first pulley group (9b), the first synchronous belt of last arm (9c), last arm first rotating shaft (9d), last arm first bearing (9e), last arm the second belt wheel group (9f), last the second synchronous belt of arm (9g), Last arm second bearing (9h), last the second shaft of arm (9i), last arm third belt wheel group (9j), last arm third synchronous belt (9k), last arm Third shaft (9m), last arm 3rd bearing (9n);The end arm first pulley group (9b) includes two belt wheels, the end arm first Synchronous belt (9c) is wound on except two belt wheels and two belt wheels links together;The output shaft of the end arm motor (9a) is mounted on The inner ring of one of belt wheel of the end arm first pulley group (9b);Described arm second bearing (9h) totally two of end;The end Arm the second belt wheel group (9f) includes two belt wheels, and one of belt wheel is installed therein the interior of a last arm second bearing (9h) Circle, end second synchronous belt of arm (9g), which is wound on except the last arm second bearing (9h) and another belt wheel, connects two belt wheels It is connected together;The end arm third belt wheel group (9j) includes two belt wheels, and one of belt wheel is mounted on another last arm second The inner ring of bearing (9h), the end arm third synchronous belt (9k) are wound on except the last arm second bearing (9h) and another belt wheel Two belt wheels are linked together;The both ends of end second shaft of arm (9i) are separately mounted to last arm the second belt wheel group The inner ring for the belt wheel of (9f), last arm third belt wheel group (9j) being mounted in the last arm second bearing (9h);The end arm the One end of one shaft (9d) is mounted on the inner ring of another belt wheel of the last arm first pulley group (9b), and middle part is mounted on described The inner ring of last arm first bearing (9e), the other end are mounted on the inner ring of another belt wheel of last arm the second belt wheel group (9f); One end of the end arm third shaft (9m) is mounted on the inner ring of another belt wheel of the last arm third belt wheel group (9j), middle part It is mounted on the inner ring of the last arm 3rd bearing (9n), the other end is equipped with connection structure.
It is structurally reasonable, it can reduce the volume of mechanical arm.
As the technical solution of optimization, the middle arm first rotating shaft (8d), last the second shaft of arm (9i) are solid shafting, described Forearm shaft (7d), the second shaft of middle arm (8h), last arm first rotating shaft (9d) are hollow shaft, the middle arm first rotating shaft (8d), Last arm first rotating shaft (9d), forearm shaft (7d) are sequentially coaxially arranged from inside to outside, and end second shaft of arm (9i) is located at institute It states and is coaxially arranged in the second shaft of arm (8h).The coaxial arrangement of hollow and solid spindle, further decreases the body of mechanical arm Product.
As the technical solution of optimization, the end arm first bearing (9e) uses multiple groups deep groove ball bearing, the end arm the The outer ring of one bearing (9e) connects the inner wall of the forearm shaft (7d).
As the technical solution of optimization, the SCARA mechanical arm (1) further includes arm seat (10), and the arm seat (10) includes Lower installation board and upper mounting plate;The forearm motor (7a), middle arm motor (8a), last arm motor (9a) respectively with the arm seat (10) lower installation board is fixedly connected;The connection structure of forearm shaft (7d) end and the lower front edge of board of the forearm (4) It is fixedly connected, the outer ring of the forearm bearing (7e) is fixedly connected with the upper mounting plate of the arm seat (10);Two middle arms first Be separately installed with bearing block on bearing (8e), two bearing blocks respectively with the lower installation board of the arm seat (10), the forearm (4) Upper front edge of board be fixedly connected;The lower front edge of board of the connection structure of the second shaft of middle arm (8h) end and the middle arm (5) It is fixedly connected, the outer ring of the middle arm second bearing (8i) is fixedly connected with the upper plate rear end of the forearm (4);Two last arms the Be separately installed with bearing block on two bearings (9h), two bearing blocks respectively with the lower plate rear end of the forearm (4), the middle arm (5) upper front edge of board is fixedly connected;Before the lower plate of the flange arrangement of described end end arm third shaft (9m) and the last arm (6) End is fixedly connected, and the outer ring of the end arm 3rd bearing (9n) is fixedly connected with the upper plate rear end of the middle arm (5).Structure is closed Reason, cable bus are easy.
As the technical solution of optimization, the forearm bearing (7e), middle arm second bearing (8i), last arm 3rd bearing (9n) It is crossed roller bearing.
It further include elevating mechanism (2), lifting pinboard (3), the SCARA mechanical arm (1) as the technical solution of optimization The elevating mechanism (2) is connected by the lifting pinboard (3);The elevating mechanism (2) is straight line mould group;The lifting turns Fishplate bar (3) is fixedly connected with the sliding block of the SCARA mechanical arm (1) and the elevating mechanism (2) respectively.Structure is simple, side Just it goes up and down.
As the technical solution of optimization, the elevating mechanism (2) is vertically arranged;The lifting pinboard (3) is inverted L Shape folded plate, the SCARA mechanical arm (1) are fixedly connected with the transverse slat upper side of L shape folded plate, the riser and the liter of L shape folded plate The sliding block of descending mechanism (2) is fixedly connected.
As the technical solution of optimization, the waist joint motor (11g) and the forearm (4), middle arm (5), last arm (6) Motor be all made of stepper motor or servo motor.
As the technical solution of optimization, the waist joint motor (11g) and the forearm (4), middle arm (5), last arm (6) Motor be mounted on encoder and speed reducer.
The present invention has the advantages that realizing that there is certain vibration damping to make for Multi-stage transmission, synchronous belt by belt wheel and synchronous belt With mechanical arm tail end is with small vibration;The motor of mechanical arm is respectively positioned on the outside of mechanical arm, and cable bus is easy, and makes the rotation of mechanical arm Gyration is unrestricted;Transmission mechanism occupies little space, and reduces the volume of mechanical arm, and mechanical arm is in flat, thin arm configuration, can Occasion work is limited in vertical space;Transmission mechanism can be made of cheap standard component, and maintenance of motor is easy, and is reduced into This.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of platypelloid type one armed robot of the embodiment of the present invention based on synchronous belt pulley transmission.
Fig. 2 is the knot of the SCARA mechanical arm of platypelloid type one armed robot of the embodiment of the present invention based on synchronous belt pulley transmission Structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is cuing open for the SCARA mechanical arm of platypelloid type one armed robot of the embodiment of the present invention based on synchronous belt pulley transmission Depending on schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the knot of the forearm transmission mechanism of platypelloid type one armed robot of the embodiment of the present invention based on synchronous belt pulley transmission Structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the knot of the middle arm transmission mechanism of platypelloid type one armed robot of the embodiment of the present invention based on synchronous belt pulley transmission Structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the knot of the last arm transmission mechanism of platypelloid type one armed robot of the embodiment of the present invention based on synchronous belt pulley transmission Structure schematic diagram.
In figure, SCARA mechanical arm 1, elevating mechanism 2, lifting pinboard 3, forearm 4, middle arm 5, last arm 6, forearm driver Structure 7, middle arm transmission mechanism 8, last arm transmission mechanism 9, arm seat 10, forearm motor 7a, forearm belt wheel group 7b, forearm synchronous belt 7c, Forearm shaft 7d, forearm bearing 7e, middle arm motor 8a, middle arm first pulley group 8b, the first synchronous belt of middle arm 8c, first turn of middle arm Axis 8d, middle arm first bearing 8e, middle arm the second belt wheel group 8f, the second synchronous belt of middle arm 8g, the second shaft of middle arm 8h, middle arm second Bearing 8i, last arm motor 9a, last arm first pulley group 9b, last the first synchronous belt of arm 9c, last arm first rotating shaft 9d, last arm first axle Hold 9e, last arm the second belt wheel group 9f, last the second synchronous belt of arm 9g, last arm second bearing 9h, last the second shaft of arm 9i, last arm third Belt wheel group 9j, last arm third synchronous belt 9k, last arm third shaft 9m, last arm 3rd bearing 9n.
Specific embodiment
As shown in figures 1 to 6, the platypelloid type one armed robot based on synchronous belt pulley transmission, including SCARA mechanical arm 1, lifting Mechanism 2, lifting pinboard 3.
SCARA mechanical arm 1 includes forearm 4, middle arm 5, last arm 6, forearm transmission mechanism 7, middle arm transmission mechanism 8, last arm biography Motivation structure 9, arm seat 10.
Forearm 4, middle arm 5, last arm 6 are set gradually from front to back, and forearm 4 is with a thickness of 50mm, and middle arm is with a thickness of 32mm, last arm With a thickness of 5mm, forearm 4, middle arm 5, last arm 6 joint between distance be 200mm;Forearm transmission mechanism 7 is primary transmission mechanism, The output shaft of motor connects the shaft of forearm 4 by one group of synchronous pulley, is passed to motor torque by one group of synchronous pulley Forearm 4 drives forearm 4 to rotate 360 °;Middle arm transmission mechanism 8 is secondary drive mechanism, and the output shaft of motor passes through two The shaft of arm 5, passes to middle arm 5, band for motor torque by two groups of synchronous pulleys in the successively transmitting connection of group synchronous pulley Arm 5 rotates 360 ° in dynamic;The end arm transmission mechanism 9 is three-level transmission mechanism, and the output shaft of motor is same by three groups The successively transmitting for walking belt wheel connects last arm 6, and motor torque is passed to last arm 6 by three groups of synchronous pulleys, last arm 6 is driven to carry out 360 ° of rotations.
Forearm transmission mechanism 7 includes forearm motor 7a, forearm belt wheel group 7b, forearm synchronous belt 7c, forearm shaft 7d, forearm Bearing 7e;Forearm belt wheel group 7b includes two belt wheels, and forearm synchronous belt 7c is wound on except two belt wheels and is connected to two belt wheels Together;The output shaft of forearm motor 7a is mounted on the inner ring of one of belt wheel of forearm belt wheel group 7b;The one of forearm shaft 7d End is mounted on the inner ring of another belt wheel of forearm belt wheel group 7b, and middle part is mounted on the inner ring of forearm bearing 7e, and the other end is equipped with Flange connection.
Middle arm transmission mechanism 8 includes middle arm motor 8a, middle arm first pulley group 8b, the first synchronous belt of middle arm 8c, middle arm the One shaft 8d, middle arm first bearing 8e, middle arm the second belt wheel group 8f, the second synchronous belt of middle arm 8g, the second shaft of middle arm 8h, middle arm Second bearing 8i;Middle arm first bearing 8e totally two;Middle arm first pulley group 8b includes two belt wheels, one of belt wheel installation In the inner ring of wherein one middle arm first bearing 8e, middle the first synchronous belt of arm 8c is wound on middle arm first bearing 8e and another belt wheel Except two belt wheels are linked together;Middle arm the second belt wheel group 8f includes two belt wheels, and one of belt wheel is mounted on another The inner ring of a middle arm first bearing 8e, middle the second synchronous belt of arm 8g are wound on two except middle arm first bearing 8e and another belt wheel A belt wheel links together;The both ends of middle arm first rotating shaft 8d are separately mounted to middle arm first pulley group 8b, the second belt wheel of middle arm The inner ring for the belt wheel of group 8f being mounted in middle arm first bearing 8e;The output shaft of middle arm motor 8a is mounted on middle arm first pulley The inner ring of another belt wheel of group 8b;One end of middle the second shaft of arm 8h is mounted on another belt wheel of middle arm the second belt wheel group 8f Inner ring, middle part is mounted on the inner ring of middle arm second bearing 8i, and the other end is equipped with flange connection.
Last arm transmission mechanism 9 includes last arm motor 9a, last arm first pulley group 9b, last the first synchronous belt of arm 9c, last arm the One shaft 9d, last arm first bearing 9e, last arm the second belt wheel group 9f, last the second synchronous belt of arm 9g, last arm second bearing 9h, last arm Second shaft 9i, last arm third belt wheel group 9j, last arm third synchronous belt 9k, last arm third shaft 9m, last arm 3rd bearing 9n;End Arm first pulley group 9b includes two belt wheels, and last the first synchronous belt of arm 9c, which is wound on except two belt wheels, is connected to one for two belt wheels It rises;The output shaft of last arm motor 9a is mounted on the inner ring of one of belt wheel of last arm first pulley group 9b;Last arm second bearing 9h totally two;Last arm the second belt wheel group 9f includes two belt wheels, and one of belt wheel is installed therein a last arm second bearing The inner ring of 9h, last the second synchronous belt of arm 9g are wound on except last arm second bearing 9h and another belt wheel two belt wheels being connected to one It rises;Last arm third belt wheel group 9j includes two belt wheels, and one of belt wheel is mounted on the inner ring of another last arm second bearing 9h, Last arm third synchronous belt 9k is wound on last arm second bearing 9h and two belt wheels links together with except another belt wheel;Last arm The both ends of two shaft 9i are separately mounted to last arm the second belt wheel group 9f, last arm third belt wheel group 9j is mounted on last arm second bearing The inner ring of belt wheel in 9h;One end of last arm first rotating shaft 9d is mounted on the interior of another belt wheel of last arm first pulley group 9b Circle, middle part are mounted on the inner ring of last arm first bearing 9e, and the other end is mounted on another belt wheel of last arm the second belt wheel group 9f Inner ring;One end of last arm third shaft 9m is mounted on the inner ring of another belt wheel of last arm third belt wheel group 9j, and middle part is mounted on The inner ring of last arm 3rd bearing 9n, the other end are equipped with flange connection.
Middle arm first rotating shaft 8d, end arm the second shaft 9i are solid shafting, forearm shaft 7d, the second shaft of middle arm 8h, last arm First rotating shaft 9d is hollow shaft;Middle arm first rotating shaft 8d, last arm first rotating shaft 9d, forearm shaft 7d are sequentially coaxially set from inside to outside It sets;Last the second shaft of arm 9i, which is located in middle the second shaft of arm 8h, to be coaxially arranged;Last arm first bearing 9e uses multiple groups zanjon Ball bearing, the inner wall of the outer ring connection forearm shaft 7d of last arm first bearing 9e.
Arm seat 10 includes lower installation board and upper mounting plate;Forearm motor 7a, middle arm motor 8a, last arm motor 9a respectively with arm The lower installation board of seat 10 is fixedly connected;The flange connection of the end forearm shaft 7d is fixedly connected with the lower front edge of board of forearm 4, Forearm bearing 7e is crossed roller bearing, and Internal and external cycle is equipped with installation interface, the outer ring of forearm bearing 7e and the upper peace of arm seat 10 Loading board is fixedly connected;Bearing block is separately installed on two middle arm first bearing 8e, two bearing blocks are respectively and under arm seat 10 Mounting plate, forearm 4 upper front edge of board be fixedly connected;The flange connection of the end middle arm the second shaft 8h and the lower plate of middle arm 5 Front end is fixedly connected, and middle arm second bearing 8i is crossed roller bearing, and Internal and external cycle is equipped with installation interface, middle arm second bearing 8i Outer ring be fixedly connected with the upper plate rear end of forearm 4;Bearing block, two bearings are separately installed on two last arm second bearing 9h Seat is fixedly connected with the upper front edge of board of the lower plate rear end of forearm 4, middle arm 5 respectively;The flanged joint of the end last arm third shaft 9m Structure is fixedly connected with the lower front edge of board of last arm 6, and last arm 3rd bearing 9n is crossed roller bearing, and Internal and external cycle is equipped with installation and connects Mouthful, the outer ring of last arm 3rd bearing 9n is fixedly connected with the upper plate rear end of middle arm 5.
SCARA mechanical arm 1 connects elevating mechanism 2 by lifting pinboard 3;Elevating mechanism 2 is the production of existing straight line mould group Product, stroke are hundred millimeter magnitudes, and elevating mechanism 2 is vertically arranged;Lifting pinboard 3 is inverted L shape folded plate, the lower peace of arm seat 10 The bottom of loading board is fixedly connected with the transverse slat upper side of L shape folded plate, the riser of L shape folded plate and the fixed company of the sliding block of elevating mechanism 2 It connects, it is vertically movable.
Forearm motor 7a, middle arm motor 8a, last arm motor 9a, waist joint motor 11g are all made of stepper motor.
Forearm motor 7a, middle arm motor 8a, last arm motor 9a, waist joint motor 11g are mounted on encoder and speed reducer.
Embodiment two
The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment lies in: forearm motor 7a, middle arm motor 8a, end arm motor 9a are all made of and watch Take motor.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within principle.

Claims (10)

1.一种基于同步带轮传动的扁平型单臂机器人,其特征在于:包括SCARA机械臂(1),所述SCARA机械臂(1)包括前臂(4)、中臂(5)、末臂(6)、前臂传动机构(7)、中臂传动机构(8)、末臂传动机构(9);所述前臂(4)、中臂(5)、末臂(6)从前到后依次设置;所述前臂传动机构(7)为一级传动机构,其电机的输出轴通过一组同步带轮连接所述前臂(4)的转轴,带动所述前臂(4)旋转;所述中臂传动机构(8)为二级传动机构,其电机的输出轴经过两组同步带轮的依次传递连接所述中臂(5)的转轴,带动所述中臂(5)旋转;所述末臂传动机构(9)为三级传动机构,其电机的输出轴经过三组同步带轮的依次传递连接所述末臂(6),带动所述末臂(6)旋转。1. a flat type single-arm robot based on synchronous pulley drive, is characterized in that: comprise SCARA mechanical arm (1), described SCARA mechanical arm (1) comprises forearm (4), middle arm (5), end arm (6), forearm transmission mechanism (7), middle arm transmission mechanism (8), end arm transmission mechanism (9); the forearm (4), middle arm (5), and end arm (6) are arranged in sequence from front to back The forearm transmission mechanism (7) is a first-level transmission mechanism, and the output shaft of the motor is connected to the rotating shaft of the forearm (4) through a set of synchronous pulleys, and drives the forearm (4) to rotate; the middle arm transmission The mechanism (8) is a secondary transmission mechanism, and the output shaft of the motor is sequentially transmitted through two sets of synchronous pulleys to connect the rotating shaft of the middle arm (5), so as to drive the middle arm (5) to rotate; The mechanism (9) is a three-stage transmission mechanism, and the output shaft of the motor is connected to the end arm (6) through the sequential transmission of three sets of synchronous pulleys to drive the end arm (6) to rotate. 2.如权利要求1所述的基于同步带轮传动的扁平型单臂机器人,其特征在于:所述前臂传动机构(7)包括前臂电机(7a)、前臂带轮组(7b)、前臂同步带(7c)、前臂转轴(7d)、前臂轴承(7e);所述前臂带轮组(7b)包括两个带轮,所述前臂同步带(7c)绕在两个带轮之外将两个带轮连接在一起;所述前臂电机(7a)的输出轴安装在所述前臂带轮组(7b)的其中一个带轮的内圈;所述前臂转轴(7d)的一端安装在所述前臂带轮组(7b)的另一个带轮的内圈,中部安装在所述前臂轴承(7e)的内圈,另一端设有连接结构;2. The flat single-arm robot based on synchronous pulley transmission as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the forearm transmission mechanism (7) comprises a forearm motor (7a), a forearm pulley group (7b), a forearm synchronization Belt (7c), forearm rotating shaft (7d), forearm bearing (7e); the forearm pulley set (7b) includes two pulleys, and the forearm timing belt (7c) is wound outside the two pulleys to connect the two pulleys. The pulleys are connected together; the output shaft of the forearm motor (7a) is mounted on the inner ring of one of the pulleys of the forearm pulley group (7b); one end of the forearm shaft (7d) is mounted on the forearm pulley (7d) The inner ring of the other pulley of the forearm pulley set (7b), the middle part is mounted on the inner ring of the forearm bearing (7e), and the other end is provided with a connecting structure; 所述中臂传动机构(8)包括中臂电机(8a)、中臂第一带轮组(8b)、中臂第一同步带(8c)、中臂第一转轴(8d)、中臂第一轴承(8e)、中臂第二带轮组(8f)、中臂第二同步带(8g)、中臂第二转轴(8h)、中臂第二轴承(8i);所述中臂第一轴承(8e)共两个;中臂第一带轮组(8b)包括两个带轮,其中一个带轮安装在其中一个中臂第一轴承(8e)的内圈,所述中臂第一同步带(8c)绕在所述中臂第一轴承(8e)与另一个带轮之外将两个带轮连接在一起;所述中臂第二带轮组(8f)包括两个带轮,其中一个带轮安装在另一个中臂第一轴承(8e)的内圈,所述中臂第二同步带(8g)绕在所述中臂第一轴承(8e)与另一个带轮之外将两个带轮连接在一起;所述中臂第一转轴(8d)的两端分别安装在所述中臂第一带轮组(8b)、中臂第二带轮组(8f)的安装在所述中臂第一轴承(8e)内的带轮的内圈;所述中臂电机(8a)的输出轴安装在所述中臂第一带轮组(8b)的另一个带轮的内圈;所述中臂第二转轴(8h)的一端安装在所述中臂第二带轮组(8f)的另一个带轮的内圈,中部安装在所述中臂第二轴承(8i)的内圈,另一端设有连接结构;The middle arm transmission mechanism (8) comprises a middle arm motor (8a), a middle arm first pulley set (8b), a middle arm first synchronous belt (8c), a middle arm first rotating shaft (8d), A bearing (8e), a second pulley set (8f) for the middle arm, a second timing belt for the middle arm (8g), a second shaft for the middle arm (8h), and a second bearing (8i) for the middle arm; A total of two bearings (8e); the middle arm first pulley set (8b) includes two pulleys, one of which is mounted on the inner ring of one of the middle arm first bearings (8e), the middle arm A timing belt (8c) is wound around the middle arm first bearing (8e) and the other pulley to connect the two pulleys together; the middle arm second pulley set (8f) includes two belts One pulley is mounted on the inner ring of the other middle arm first bearing (8e), the middle arm second timing belt (8g) is wound around the middle arm first bearing (8e) and the other pulley The two pulleys are connected together; the two ends of the middle arm first rotating shaft (8d) are respectively mounted on the middle arm first pulley set (8b) and the middle arm second pulley set (8f) The inner ring of the pulley installed in the middle arm first bearing (8e); the output shaft of the middle arm motor (8a) is installed on another belt of the middle arm first pulley set (8b). The inner ring of the wheel; one end of the second rotating shaft of the middle arm (8h) is installed on the inner ring of another pulley of the second middle arm pulley set (8f), and the middle part is installed on the second bearing of the middle arm The inner ring of (8i) is provided with a connecting structure at the other end; 所述末臂传动机构(9)包括末臂电机(9a)、末臂第一带轮组(9b)、末臂第一同步带(9c)、末臂第一转轴(9d)、末臂第一轴承(9e)、末臂第二带轮组(9f)、末臂第二同步带(9g)、末臂第二轴承(9h)、末臂第二转轴(9i)、末臂第三带轮组(9j)、末臂第三同步带(9k)、末臂第三转轴(9m)、末臂第三轴承(9n);所述末臂第一带轮组(9b)包括两个带轮,所述末臂第一同步带(9c)绕在两个带轮之外将两个带轮连接在一起;所述末臂电机(9a)的输出轴安装在所述末臂第一带轮组(9b)的其中一个带轮的内圈;末所述臂第二轴承(9h)共两个;所述末臂第二带轮组(9f)包括两个带轮,其中一个带轮安装在其中一个末臂第二轴承(9h)的内圈,所述末臂第二同步带(9g)绕在所述末臂第二轴承(9h)与另一个带轮之外将两个带轮连接在一起;所述末臂第三带轮组(9j)包括两个带轮,其中一个带轮安装在另一个末臂第二轴承(9h)的内圈,所述末臂第三同步带(9k)绕在所述末臂第二轴承(9h)与另一个带轮之外将两个带轮连接在一起;所述末臂第二转轴(9i)的两端分别安装在所述末臂第二带轮组(9f)、末臂第三带轮组(9j)的安装在所述末臂第二轴承(9h)内的带轮的内圈;所述末臂第一转轴(9d)的一端安装在所述末臂第一带轮组(9b)的另一个带轮的内圈,中部安装在所述末臂第一轴承(9e)的内圈,另一端安装在所述末臂第二带轮组(9f)的另一个带轮的内圈;所述末臂第三转轴(9m)的一端安装在所述末臂第三带轮组(9j)的另一个带轮的内圈,中部安装在所述末臂第三轴承(9n)的内圈,另一端设有连接结构。The last arm transmission mechanism (9) comprises a last arm motor (9a), a first pulley set (9b) of the last arm, a first synchronous belt (9c) of the last arm, a first rotating shaft (9d) of the last arm, A bearing (9e), the second pulley set of the last arm (9f), the second timing belt of the last arm (9g), the second bearing of the last arm (9h), the second shaft of the last arm (9i), the third belt of the last arm A wheel set (9j), a third timing belt of the last arm (9k), a third shaft of the last arm (9m), a third bearing of the last arm (9n); the first pulley set (9b) of the last arm includes two belts The first synchronous belt (9c) of the last arm is wound around the two pulleys to connect the two pulleys together; the output shaft of the last arm motor (9a) is installed on the first belt of the last arm The inner ring of one of the pulleys of the wheel group (9b); the second arm bearing (9h) at the end is two; the second pulley group (9f) of the last arm includes two pulleys, one of which is a pulley Installed on the inner ring of one of the second end arm bearings (9h), the end arm second timing belt (9g) is wound around the end arm second bearing (9h) and the other pulley to connect the two belts. The pulleys are connected together; the third pulley set (9j) of the last arm includes two pulleys, one of which is mounted on the inner ring of the second bearing (9h) of the other last arm, and the third pulley of the last arm is synchronized A belt (9k) is wound around the second end arm bearing (9h) and the other pulley to connect the two pulleys together; both ends of the end arm second shaft (9i) are respectively mounted on the The inner ring of the pulleys of the second end arm pulley set (9f) and the end arm third pulley set (9j) installed in the end arm second bearing (9h); the end arm first rotating shaft ( One end of 9d) is installed on the inner ring of the other pulley of the first pulley set (9b) of the end arm, the middle part is installed on the inner ring of the first bearing (9e) of the end arm, and the other end is installed on the inner ring of the first bearing (9e) of the end arm. The inner ring of the other pulley of the second pulley set (9f) of the last arm; one end of the third rotating shaft (9m) of the last arm is mounted on the other pulley of the third set of pulleys (9j) of the last arm The inner ring is installed in the middle part of the inner ring of the third bearing (9n) of the end arm, and the other end is provided with a connecting structure. 3.如权利要求2所述的基于同步带轮传动的扁平型单臂机器人,其特征在于:所述中臂第一转轴(8d)、末臂第二转轴(9i)为实心轴,所述前臂转轴(7d)、中臂第二转轴(8h)、末臂第一转轴(9d)为空心轴,所述中臂第一转轴(8d)、末臂第一转轴(9d)、前臂转轴(7d)从内到外依次同轴设置,所述末臂第二转轴(9i)设在所述中臂第二转轴(8h)内与其同轴设置。3. The flat single-arm robot based on synchronous pulley transmission as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the first rotating shaft (8d) of the middle arm and the second rotating shaft (9i) of the end arm are solid shafts, and the The forearm rotating shaft (7d), the second rotating shaft of the middle arm (8h), and the first rotating shaft of the end arm (9d) are hollow shafts, and the first rotating shaft of the middle arm (8d), the first rotating shaft of the end arm (9d), and the rotating shaft of the forearm ( 7d) are arranged coaxially from the inside to the outside, and the second rotating shaft (9i) of the end arm is arranged in the second rotating shaft (8h) of the middle arm and is arranged coaxially therewith. 4.如权利要求3所述的基于同步带轮传动的扁平型单臂机器人,其特征在于:所述末臂第一轴承(9e)采用多组深沟球轴承,所述末臂第一轴承(9e)的外圈连接所述前臂转轴(7d)的内壁。4. The flat single-arm robot based on synchronous pulley transmission as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the first end arm bearing (9e) adopts multiple sets of deep groove ball bearings, and the end arm first bearing The outer ring of (9e) is connected to the inner wall of the forearm shaft (7d). 5.如权利要求3所述的基于同步带轮传动的扁平型单臂机器人,其特征在于:所述SCARA机械臂(1)还包括臂座(10),所述臂座(10)包括下安装板和上安装板;所述前臂电机(7a)、中臂电机(8a)、末臂电机(9a)分别与所述臂座(10)的下安装板固定连接;所述前臂转轴(7d)端部的连接结构与所述前臂(4)的下板前端固定连接,所述前臂轴承(7e)的外圈与所述臂座(10)的上安装板固定连接;两个中臂第一轴承(8e)上分别安装有轴承座,两个轴承座分别与所述臂座(10)的下安装板、所述前臂(4)的上板前端固定连接;所述中臂第二转轴(8h)端部的连接结构与所述中臂(5)的下板前端固定连接,所述中臂第二轴承(8i)的外圈与所述前臂(4)的上板后端固定连接;两个末臂第二轴承(9h)上分别安装有轴承座,两个轴承座分别与所述前臂(4)的下板后端、所述中臂(5)的上板前端固定连接;所述末臂第三转轴(9m)端部的法兰结构与所述末臂(6)的下板前端固定连接,所述末臂第三轴承(9n)的外圈与所述中臂(5)的上板后端固定连接。5. The flat single-arm robot based on synchronous pulley transmission according to claim 3, wherein the SCARA mechanical arm (1) further comprises an arm seat (10), and the arm seat (10) comprises a lower A mounting plate and an upper mounting plate; the forearm motor (7a), the middle arm motor (8a), and the end arm motor (9a) are respectively fixedly connected to the lower mounting plate of the arm seat (10); the forearm rotating shaft (7d) ) end connecting structure is fixedly connected with the front end of the lower plate of the forearm (4), the outer ring of the forearm bearing (7e) is fixedly connected with the upper mounting plate of the arm seat (10); A bearing (8e) is respectively installed with bearing seats, and the two bearing seats are respectively fixedly connected with the lower mounting plate of the arm seat (10) and the front end of the upper plate of the forearm (4); the second rotating shaft of the middle arm (8h) The connecting structure at the end is fixedly connected to the front end of the lower plate of the middle arm (5), and the outer ring of the second bearing (8i) of the middle arm is fixedly connected to the rear end of the upper plate of the forearm (4). A bearing seat is respectively installed on the second bearing (9h) of the two end arms, and the two bearing seats are respectively fixedly connected with the rear end of the lower plate of the forearm (4) and the front end of the upper plate of the middle arm (5); The flange structure at the end of the third rotating shaft (9m) of the last arm is fixedly connected with the front end of the lower plate of the last arm (6), and the outer ring of the third bearing (9n) of the last arm is connected to the middle arm ( 5) The rear end of the upper plate is fixedly connected. 6.如权利要求5所述的基于同步带轮传动的扁平型单臂机器人,其特征在于:所述前臂轴承(7e)、中臂第二轴承(8i)、末臂第三轴承(9n)均为交叉滚子轴承。6. The flat single-arm robot based on synchronous pulley drive according to claim 5, characterized in that: the forearm bearing (7e), the middle arm second bearing (8i), the end arm third bearing (9n) All are crossed roller bearings. 7.如权利要求1所述的基于同步带轮传动的扁平型单臂机器人,其特征在于:还包括升降机构(2)、升降转接板(3),所述SCARA机械臂(1)通过所述升降转接板(3)连接所述升降机构(2);所述升降机构(2)为直线模组;所述升降转接板(3)分别与所述SCARA机械臂(1)以及所述升降机构(2)的滑块固定连接。7. The flat single-arm robot based on synchronous pulley transmission as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: it further comprises a lifting mechanism (2), a lifting adapter plate (3), and the SCARA mechanical arm (1) passes through the The elevating adapter plate (3) is connected to the elevating mechanism (2); the elevating mechanism (2) is a linear module; the elevating adapter plate (3) is respectively connected with the SCARA mechanical arm (1) and The sliding blocks of the lifting mechanism (2) are fixedly connected. 8.如权利要求7所述的基于同步带轮传动的扁平型单臂机器人,其特征在于:所述升降机构(2)竖直设置;所述升降转接板(3)为倒置的L形折板,所述SCARA机械臂(1)与L形折板的横板上侧面固定连接,L形折板的竖板与所述升降机构(2)的滑块固定连接。8. The flat single-arm robot based on synchronous pulley transmission as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the lifting mechanism (2) is arranged vertically; the lifting adapter plate (3) is an inverted L-shape A folded plate, the SCARA mechanical arm (1) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped folded plate, and the vertical plate of the L-shaped folded plate is fixedly connected to the slider of the lifting mechanism (2). 9.如权利要求1所述的基于同步带轮传动的扁平型单臂机器人,其特征在于:所述腰关节电机(11g)以及所述前臂(4)、中臂(5)、末臂(6)的电机均采用步进电机或伺服电机。9. The flat single-arm robot based on synchronous pulley drive according to claim 1, characterized in that: the waist joint motor (11g) and the forearm (4), middle arm (5), end arm ( 6) The motors all use stepper motors or servo motors. 10.如权利要求1所述的基于同步带轮传动的扁平型单臂机器人,其特征在于:所述腰关节电机(11g)以及所述前臂(4)、中臂(5)、末臂(6)的电机均安装有编码器和减速机。10. The flat single-arm robot based on synchronous pulley transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: the waist joint motor (11g) and the forearm (4), middle arm (5), end arm ( 6) The motors are equipped with encoders and reducers.
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