CN109723721A - A kind of self-lubricating bearing, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

A kind of self-lubricating bearing, preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109723721A
CN109723721A CN201910038674.3A CN201910038674A CN109723721A CN 109723721 A CN109723721 A CN 109723721A CN 201910038674 A CN201910038674 A CN 201910038674A CN 109723721 A CN109723721 A CN 109723721A
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bearing
self
outer ring
inner race
lubricating
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魏云玲
李杨
任付娥
李晓刚
刘建泽
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Qingdao University of Technology
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Qingdao University of Technology
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Abstract

本发明属于自润滑轴承领域并公开了一种自润滑轴承、制备方法及其应用;包括轴承内圈和轴承外圈,所述轴承内圈套设在所述轴承外圈内,且所述轴承内圈与所述轴承外圈滑动连接,所述轴承内圈和所述轴承外圈均由金属基材以及包覆在所述金属基材外的耐磨润滑层所组成;所述耐磨润滑层包括TiWC2、Ti2CS、TiCr‑Cr3C2以及CrS、WS2;所述轴承内圈和所述轴承外圈外形均为环形结构,且所述轴承内圈和所述轴承外圈之间的间隙为0.1mm‑2mm;所述轴承内圈的表面上均匀设有润滑通孔。本发明的自润滑轴承自润滑效果好、耐磨损效果佳且适用于重载机械设备中,具有广泛的应用前景。

The invention belongs to the field of self-lubricating bearings and discloses a self-lubricating bearing, a preparation method and an application thereof; comprising a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring, the bearing inner ring is sleeved in the bearing outer ring, and the bearing inner ring The ring is slidably connected to the outer ring of the bearing, and the inner ring of the bearing and the outer ring of the bearing are both composed of a metal base material and a wear-resistant lubricating layer coated on the outside of the metal base material; the wear-resistant lubricating layer Including TiWC 2 , Ti 2 CS, TiCr-Cr 3 C 2 , CrS, WS 2 ; the outer shape of the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring are annular structures, and the inner ring of the bearing and the outer ring of the bearing are in annular structure. The gap between them is 0.1mm-2mm; lubrication through holes are evenly arranged on the surface of the inner ring of the bearing. The self-lubricating bearing of the present invention has good self-lubricating effect and good wear-resisting effect, is suitable for heavy-duty mechanical equipment, and has wide application prospects.

Description

A kind of self-lubricating bearing, preparation method and applications
Technical field
The present invention relates to self-lubricating bearing technical field more particularly to a kind of self-lubricating bearing, preparation method and its answer With.
Background technique
Self-lubricating bearing is widely used support accessory in various machines, miscellaneous sliding bearing application range It is very wide.In general, self-lubricating bearing is generally made of outer metal sleeve (steel or copper) and internal layer bushing, in bearing lining material In, the country be once used to or at present be still used to production self-lubricating bearing material have lignumvitae, fabroil, rubber, Plastics, ceramics, graphite product, metal, alloy and metallo-plastic etc..Wherein, iron plough wood, metal material etc. is expensive, makes It is poor with effect;Plastic bearing and ceramic bearing all have a good behavior in service and high bearing capacity, but plastic bearing Thermal expansion and water imbibition lead to the variation of bearing clearance, ceramic high brittleness and low shock resistance, and to solid in water Particle it is highly sensitive, limit their application;And the polishing machine of rubber shaft bearing is generally poor, service life is shorter.
The Chinese patent of publication number CN101343411B discloses a kind of engineering plastic spherical plain bearing sheathing material, interior ball Material and its forming method, the bearing use resin injection molding, make of glass fibre, polyamide and other materials Fibre reinforced plastics oscillating bearing, but its glass fibre used is staple fiber, so that the compressive strength of bearing is lower, in turn The application range of bearing is relatively narrow.The Chinese patent of Publication No. CN108468713A discloses a kind of for heavy truck balance The self-lubricating bearing and its manufacturing method of axis, the self-lubricating bearing include bearing inner race and bearing outer ring, and the inside and outside circle of bearing is adopted It is made with unlike material, causes the coefficient of expansion of the inside and outside circle of its bearing different, in the same of the self weight for reducing bearing When, also result in bearing problem easy to wear.In consideration of it, how to provide, a kind of self-lubricating effect is good, wear-resistant effect is good and suitable It is the skill that those skilled in the art need to solve for the self-lubricating bearing in heavy loading machinery equipment, preparation method and applications Art problem.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to solve at least some of the technical problems in related technologies.For this purpose, of the invention One purpose is to propose a kind of self-lubricating bearing, and the self-lubricating bearing self-lubricating effect is good, wear-resistant effect is good.
Second object of the present invention is to propose a kind of preparation method of self-lubricating bearing.
Second object of the present invention is to propose a kind of application of self-lubricating bearing.
In order to achieve the above objectives, first aspect present invention proposes a kind of self-lubricating bearing, including bearing inner race and bearing Outer ring, the bearing inner race are set in the bearing outer ring, and the bearing inner race is slidably connected with the bearing outer ring, The bearing inner race and the bearing outer ring are by metal base and the wear-resisting lubricant layer institute being coated on outside the metal base Composition;The wear-resisting lubricant layer includes TiWC2、Ti2CS、 TiCr-Cr3C2And CrS, WS2;The bearing inner race and the axis Bearing outer-ring shape is ring structure, and the gap between the bearing inner race and the bearing outer ring is 0.1mm-2mm;Institute It states and is uniformly provided with lubrication through-hole on the surface of bearing inner race.
Preferably, the metal base includes potassium steel or aluminum alloy material.
Preferably, the average microhardness of the wear-resisting lubricant layer is 1250HV0.2。
Preferably, the coating thickness of the wear-resisting lubricant layer is 0.5-2mm.
A kind of preparation method for self-lubricating bearing that second aspect of the present invention proposes, includes the following steps:
Step 1: it mixed, ground by titanium valve, graphite powder and at heat setting jelly until is sufficiently mixed, mixed Object one;Again by TiCr-Cr3C2Powder, WS2It powder and mixed, ground until be sufficiently mixed at heat setting jelly, mixed Close object two;
Step 2: the metal liquid after fusing is poured into mold, prepares such as the bearing inner race and described respectively Then the identical metal base of bearing outer ring contour structures polishes to the metallic substrate surface, is derusted and oil removing Processing;The lubrication through-hole is uniformly provided on the metal base of the bearing inner race;
Step 3: being coated uniformly on the metallic substrate surface after mixture one is mixed with water, coating will after terminating The metal base is placed within the scope of 50-100 DEG C and dries;Then, using purity not less than 99.99% nitrogen as protect Gas and reaction gas, using the metal base as anode, are implemented at nitrogen arc cladding the metal base using tungsten as cathode Reason;
Step 4: the metal base being coated uniformly on after mixture two is mixed with water after step 3 is handled Metal base is placed within the scope of 60-120 DEG C after terminating and dries by surface, coating;Exist followed by carbon dioxide laser Laser melting coating is carried out to it in helium or nitrogen environment, is just respectively obtained outside bearing inner race and bearing containing wear-resisting lubricant layer Circle;
Step 5: by step 4 handle the later bearing inner race be set in the bearing outer ring just obtain it is described Self-lubricating bearing.
Preferably, the step 2 polishes to the metallic substrate surface and surface derusting is used not less than 1200 purposes Sand paper polishing, the step 2 to metallic substrate surface using dehydrated alcohol, DMF and deionized water respectively wash at least once into Row oil removing.
Preferably, the WS2Powder preparation method are as follows: firstly, ammonium metatungstate is dissolved in ammonia spirit, keeping Solution temperature is continually fed into hydrogen sulfide gas to it under the conditions of 50-80 DEG C;Then, this mixed solution is placed in -20-5 DEG C of rings It is filtered under border, and the crystal being obtained by filtration dehydrated alcohol, anhydrous ether is cleaned, done under 50-100 DEG C of environment Dry processing;Finally, carrying out ball-milling treatment to it using ball mill just obtains the WS2Powder.
Preferably, the operating condition of the carbon dioxide laser are as follows: operating air pressure 0.2-1.4Mpa, laser power For 0.5-6kW, scanning speed 2-12mm/s, spot diameter 2-8mm, laser energy density 50-300J/mm3。
Preferably, described at heat setting jelly includes methylcellulose.
A kind of application method for self-lubricating bearing that third aspect present invention proposes is applied in heavy loading machinery equipment.
A kind of self-lubricating bearing proposed by the present invention, preparation method and applications, beneficial effect are:
(1) self-lubricating bearing of the invention is equipped with one layer of wear-resisting lubricant layer on the basis of metal base, in existing self-lubricating Self-lubricating and wear-resistant effect are further improved on the basis of bearing;Simultaneously outside the bearing inner race and bearing of self-lubricating bearing Circle uses same material, it can be ensured that the coefficient of expansion of bearing is consistent, solves and exists in existing self-lubricating bearing design process The coefficient of expansion is inconsistent, is easy to cause the problem of cracking;
(2) the wear-resisting lubricant layer of self-lubricating bearing of the invention also has on the basis of with wear-resistant, high lubricating effect There are very high intensity, hardness, fusing point and fabulous thermal stability, is conducive to the service life for improving self-lubricating bearing;
(3) wear-resisting lubricant layer mainly passes through laser melting coating in self-lubricating bearing preparation method of the present invention and electric arc cladding is attached On metal base, improve the adhesive force of wear-resisting lubricant layer and metal base;Meanwhile preparation method is simple, preparation It is convenient;
(4) self-lubricating axis of the present invention can be widely applied in heavy loading machinery equipment, effectively improve service life.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will be set forth in part in the description, partially will from the following description Become obvious, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in further detail for embodiment in reference to the accompanying drawing, but does not constitute to the present invention Any restrictions.
Fig. 1 is the schematic view of the front view of self-lubricating bearing of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of self-lubricating bearing of embodiment of the present invention middle (center) bearing inner ring;
Fig. 3 is the flow diagram of preparation method of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the test result schematic diagram of self-lubricating bearing wear weight loss in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Ground description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this The embodiment of invention, every other reality obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts Example is applied, protection scope of the present invention is belonged to.
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-4 describes a kind of self-lubricating bearing of the embodiment of the present invention, preparation method and applications.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, self-lubricating bearing includes bearing inner race and bearing in one embodiment of the invention Outer ring, bearing inner race are set in bearing outer ring, and bearing inner race is slidably connected with bearing outer ring, outside bearing inner race and bearing Circle is made of metal base and the wear-resisting lubricant layer being coated on outside metal base;Wear-resisting lubricant layer includes TiWC2、 Ti2CS、TiCr-Cr3C2And CrS, WS2;Bearing inner race and bearing outer ring shape are ring structure, and bearing inner race and axis Gap between bearing outer-ring can be arbitrarily arranged between 0.1mm and 2mm according to actual loading situation;When self-lubricating bearing When load capacity is heavier, it can suitably increase the gap between bearing inner race and bearing outer ring, such as 2mm can be to avoid carrying Bearing outer ring is pressed on bearing inner race in the case of heavier-weight, the friction of bearing outer ring and bearing inner race is formed and reduces axis Hold the service life of inner ring and bearing outer ring;When the load capacity of self-lubricating bearing is lighter, it can suitably reduce bearing inner race Gap between bearing outer ring, as therefore 0.1mm can not have to worry that bearing outer ring is pressed on bearing inner race and is reduced at this time The case where service life of bearing inner race and bearing outer ring;Finally, being uniformly provided with lubrication through-hole on the surface of bearing inner race.
The bearing inner race and bearing outer ring of self-lubricating bearing of the embodiment of the present invention are by metal base and wear-resisting lubricant layer It is formed.Bearing inner race can play that the coefficient of expansion is identical to be had under external heat effect as the material of bearing outer ring Beneficial effect, it is ensured that bearing clearance it is consistent, avoid the coefficient of expansion is different bearing clearance is caused to change, so that bearing inner race The problem to shorten the working life in turn with bearing outer ring increased wear.Meanwhile using metal base as bearing inner race and bearing The basic forming material of outer ring improves rigidity, the hardness of entire bearing.In addition the wear-resisting lubrication being coated on outside metal base Layer includes TiWC2、Ti2CS、 TiCr-Cr3C2And CrS, WS2;Wherein TiWC2、Ti2CS、TiCr-Cr3C2As a kind of ceramics Material, has very high intensity, hardness, fusing point and fabulous thermal stability, and the embodiment of the present invention is used as in wear-resisting increasing Qiang Xiang has excellent wear-resistant effect;CrS,WS2As lubrication phase, effectively mitigate wear-resisting lubricant layer itself and its bearing The fretting wear of part increases substantially the friction durability of self-lubricating bearing.
Further, metal base includes potassium steel or aluminum alloy material in the embodiment of the present invention, and potassium steel has hardness It is high, structural strength is big, lower-cost beneficial effect, and aluminum alloy material has beneficial effect light, with high hardness.
Further, the average microhardness of wear-resisting lubricant layer is 1250HV in the embodiment of the present invention0.2, which is higher than The hardness of self-lubricating bearing common in the art illustrates that hardness of the embodiment of the present invention is higher, is highly suitable for heavy-duty machinery In equipment.
Further, the coating thickness of wear-resisting lubricant layer is 0.5-2mm.
As shown in figure 3, the preparation method of self-lubricating bearing in a second embodiment of the present invention, includes the following steps:
Step 1: it mixed, ground by titanium valve, graphite powder and at heat setting jelly until is sufficiently mixed, mixed Object one;Again by TiCr-Cr3C2Powder, WS2It powder and mixed, ground until be sufficiently mixed at heat setting jelly, mixed Close object two;
Step 2: the metal liquid after fusing is poured into mold, is prepared outside bearing inner race and the bearing respectively The identical metal base of contour structures is enclosed, then polished metallic substrate surface, derusted and oil removal treatment;Bearing inner race Metal base on be uniformly provided with lubrication through-hole;
Step 3: being coated uniformly on metallic substrate surface after mixture one is mixed with water, coats metal after terminating Substrate is placed under 100 DEG C of environment and dries;Then, using the nitrogen that purity is 99.99% as protective gas and reaction gas, Using tungsten as cathode, using the metal base as anode, nitrogen arc cladding processing is implemented to the metal base;
Step 4: the metallic substrate surface being coated uniformly on after mixture two is mixed with water after step 3 is handled, Metal base is placed under 120 DEG C of environment after terminating and dries by coating;Followed by carbon dioxide laser in helium or nitrogen Laser melting coating is carried out to it in compression ring border, just respectively obtains bearing inner race and bearing outer ring containing wear-resisting lubricant layer;
Step 5: it step 4 is handled into later bearing inner race is set in bearing outer ring and just obtain self-lubricating bearing.
In view of metallic substrate surface generallys use the metal materials conduct such as potassium steel or aluminium alloy in the embodiment of the present invention The actual conditions of substrate, the reinforced phase of laser melting coating is directly combined with metal and is led if directly carrying out laser melting coating Cause the defect of abrasion resistant effect difference.Therefore the preparation method of the embodiment of the present invention, which first passes through, passes through electric arc melting and coating technique on its surface One layer of titanium of cladding and graphite powder have outstanding advantages of specific strength height, corrosion resistance excellent, good biocompatibility using titanium alloy, It can be with TiCr-Cr when playing surface and carrying out laser melting coating3C2And WS2Powder forms wearability and the good painting of lubricity Layer is conducive to the bonding for improving coating and irony matrix;
The present invention has energy input density height, heating using laser melting coating and cooling velocity is fast, dilution rate is low, thermal change The outstanding features such as shape is small, can obtain fine microstructures are fine and close, be in strong metallurgical with matrix in conjunction with coating material, significantly improve The rub resistance and greasy property on pump housing surface;
It should be noted that by metal base after mixture one terminates coated in metallic substrate surface in step 3 Drying is placed within the scope of 50-100 DEG C to be ok, it is preferable to use 100 DEG C can accelerate drying rate for the present embodiment, the time is saved, It is not construed as limiting the invention;Meanwhile being not less than 99.99% to play the role of the purity of protection and reaction nitrogen, It is considering cost and effect in the embodiment of the present invention, uses concentration to be tested for 99.99% nitrogen, do not constitute Limitation of the present invention;Similarly, in step 4, mixture two is coated with water mixing and metal base is placed on 120 after terminating It is dried under DEG C environment, the embodiment of the present invention is not also construed as limiting the invention.
Further, step 2 polishes to metallic substrate surface and surface derusting is polished using the sand paper of 1200 mesh, step Two pairs of metallic substrate surfaces respectively washed once carry out oil removing using dehydrated alcohol, DMF and deionized water.
Further, WS2Powder preparation method are as follows: firstly, ammonium metatungstate is dissolved in ammonia spirit, keeping molten Liquid temperature is continually fed into hydrogen sulfide gas to it under the conditions of 80 DEG C;Then, this mixed solution is placed under 5 DEG C of environment and is carried out Filtering, and the crystal being obtained by filtration dehydrated alcohol, anhydrous ether are cleaned, it is dried under 100 DEG C of environment;Finally, Ball-milling treatment is carried out to it using ball mill and just obtains WS2Powder.
Further, the operating condition of carbon dioxide laser are as follows: operating air pressure 0.2-1.4Mpa, laser power are 0.5-6kW, scanning speed 2-12mm/s, spot diameter 2-8mm, laser energy density 50-300J/mm3。
It further, include methylcellulose at heat setting jelly.
The application of self-lubricating bearing in third embodiment of the invention is applied in heavy loading machinery equipment.
Refering to 2 groups of samples shown in attached drawing 4, are taken, first group is control group, the self-lubricating bearing prepared using potassium steel;Separately One group is experimental group, and experimental group selects the self-lubricating bearing of potassium steel substrate, and the self-lubricating bearing surface is coated with resistance to tribology Slip layer.Friction test is carried out to control group, the identical position of experimental group using frictional testing machine.Test is at interval of 2h, and cleaning is certainly It weighs after lubricious bearing surfaces, then repeats to test, the data after test are depicted as to wear weight loss as shown in Figure 4 Correlation curve: as shown in Figure 4, with the increase of wearing- in period, the wear weight loss of control group is more and more in experimental group.Show The wearability of self-lubricating bearing through the embodiment of the present invention is more preferably.
It is highly suitable to be applied in heavy loading machinery equipment further to verify the self-lubricating bearing of the embodiment of the present invention, I Its hardness is tested to the self-lubricating bearing by the preparation of method shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the bearing has higher after tested Hardness and be distributed relatively uniform, coating average microhardness 1250HV0.2, it is approximately 2.5 times of common potassium steel matrix, explanation The enhancing of the reinforced phase integral hardness of the embodiment of the present invention plays an important role;By the lubrication phase of coating and micro- hard Degree analysis result will be it may be speculated that the wear-resisting lubricant layer will have preferable high temperature lubricating wear-resisting property.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited to This, anyone skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure, the variation that can readily occur in or replaces It changes, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the guarantor of claims It protects subject to range.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of self-lubricating bearing, including bearing inner race and bearing outer ring, the bearing inner race are set in the bearing outer ring, And the bearing inner race is slidably connected with the bearing outer ring, which is characterized in that the bearing inner race and the bearing outer ring are equal It is made of metal base and the wear-resisting lubricant layer being coated on outside the metal base;The wear-resisting lubricant layer includes TiWC2、 Ti2CS、TiCr-Cr3C2And CrS, WS2;The bearing inner race and the bearing outer ring shape are ring structure, and described Gap between bearing inner race and the bearing outer ring is 0.1mm-2mm;Lubrication is uniformly provided on the surface of the bearing inner race Through-hole.
2. a kind of self-lubricating bearing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the metal base includes potassium steel or aluminium Alloy material.
3. a kind of self-lubricating bearing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that being averaged for the wear-resisting lubricant layer is micro- hard Degree is 1250HV0.2。
4. a kind of self-lubricating bearing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the coating thickness of the wear-resisting lubricant layer is 0.5-2mm。
5. a kind of preparation method of self-lubricating bearing, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1: it mixed, ground by titanium valve, graphite powder and at heat setting jelly until is sufficiently mixed, obtain mixture one; Again by TiCr-Cr3C2Powder, WS2It powder and mixed, ground until be sufficiently mixed at heat setting jelly, obtain mixture Two;
Step 2: the metal liquid after fusing is poured into mold, is prepared respectively such as the bearing inner race and the bearing Then the contour structures identical metal base in outer ring polishes to the metallic substrate surface, is derusted and oil removal treatment; The lubrication through-hole is uniformly provided on the metal base of the bearing inner race;
Step 3: being coated uniformly on the metallic substrate surface after mixture one is mixed with water, coating will be described after terminating Metal base is placed within the scope of 50-100 DEG C and dries;Then, using purity not less than 99.99% nitrogen as protective gas with Reaction gas, using the metal base as anode, implements nitrogen arc cladding processing to the metal base using tungsten as cathode;
Step 4: the metallic substrate surface being coated uniformly on after mixture one is mixed with water after step 3 is handled, Metal base is placed within the scope of 60-120 DEG C after terminating and dries by coating;Followed by carbon dioxide laser in helium or Laser melting coating is carried out to it in nitrogen environment, just respectively obtains bearing inner race and bearing outer ring containing wear-resisting lubricant layer;
Step 5: it step 4 is handled into the later bearing inner race is set in the bearing outer ring and just obtain the self-lubricating Bearing.
6. a kind of preparation method of self-lubricating bearing according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the step 2 is to described Metallic substrate surface polishing and surface derusting use the sand paper not less than 1200 mesh to polish, and the step 2 is to metallic substrate surface It is respectively washed using dehydrated alcohol, DMF and deionized water and carries out oil removing at least once.
7. a kind of preparation method of self-lubricating bearing according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the WS2Powder preparation side Method are as follows: firstly, ammonium metatungstate is dissolved in ammonia spirit, persistently lead under the conditions of keeping solution temperature at 50-80 DEG C to it Enter hydrogen sulfide gas;Then, this mixed solution is placed under -20-5 DEG C of environment and is filtered, and the crystal being obtained by filtration is used Dehydrated alcohol, anhydrous ether cleaning, are dried under 50-100 DEG C of environment;Finally, carrying out ball milling to it using ball mill Processing just obtains the WS2Powder.
8. a kind of preparation method of self-lubricating bearing according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the carbon dioxide laser The operating condition of device are as follows: operating air pressure 0.2-1.4Mpa, laser power 0.5-6kW, scanning speed 2-12mm/s, hot spot Diameter is 2-8mm, laser energy density 50-300J/mm3。
9. a kind of preparation method of self-lubricating bearing according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described at heat setting jelly packet Include methylcellulose.
10. a kind of application of self-lubricating bearing, which is characterized in that be applied in heavy loading machinery equipment.
CN201910038674.3A 2019-01-16 2019-01-16 A kind of self-lubricating bearing, preparation method and application thereof Pending CN109723721A (en)

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CN114918414A (en) * 2022-05-30 2022-08-19 青岛理工大学 A kind of self-lubricating wear-resistant aluminum-based composite material gear and preparation method thereof
CN117052652A (en) * 2023-09-08 2023-11-14 中国神华煤制油化工有限公司 Bearing bushes for gear pumps and gear pumps and melt conveying devices including them

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CN112176335A (en) * 2020-09-27 2021-01-05 南昌航空大学 Preparation method of anti-abrasion composite coating
CN114918414A (en) * 2022-05-30 2022-08-19 青岛理工大学 A kind of self-lubricating wear-resistant aluminum-based composite material gear and preparation method thereof
CN117052652A (en) * 2023-09-08 2023-11-14 中国神华煤制油化工有限公司 Bearing bushes for gear pumps and gear pumps and melt conveying devices including them

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Application publication date: 20190507