CN109720890B - A continuous feed arrangement of multistage spiral for granule material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-section screw continuous feeding device for granular materials, comprising a screw conveying device and a gear feeding device, a barrel, a feeding port, a discharging port, a screw conveyor, an upper motor, a scraper, Baffle plate, spray port, ash outlet, support; gear feeding device includes silo, feeding gear, leakage blocking trough, flange, mechanical seal, bearing. The material can be compacted into a material plug by the variable diameter and variable pitch screw to form the material self-sealing; the material plug can be broken by the gear feeding device, so that the material can be fed uniformly, accurately and efficiently. The multi-section screw sealing feeding device for granular materials provided by the invention continuously feeds materials into the sealed continuous cracking reactor, so as to achieve the purpose of safe production, continuous feeding, improving production efficiency and saving energy.

Description

A multi-section screw continuous feeding device for granular materials

technical field

The invention relates to a screw feeding device in the chemical field, in particular to a multi-section screw continuous conveying and feeding machine with a sealing function.

Background technique

In recent years, there are mainly two types of processing and production equipment for rubber and plastics: intermittent and continuous. Intermittent equipment is gradually being eliminated by continuous equipment due to its cumbersome operation and low production efficiency. Continuous equipment needs to maintain a vacuum environment inside the equipment during the reaction process, so in recent years, continuous feeding equipment with sealing function has been widely used. There are three main types of continuous feeding equipment with sealing function: first, multi-stage silo feeding, multi-stage silo feeding usually has a transition silo, feeding from the first-stage silo to the transition silo, and then feeding into the transition silo. Feeding from the transition silo to the cracking equipment, multi-stage silo feeding requires multiple silos, multiple feeding, low efficiency; second, conveyor belt feeding, conveyor belt feeding is usually a larger volume of material Block shape, low efficiency and high energy consumption; third, ordinary screw conveying feed, screw conveying feed is usually block material and granular material, and the feed screw is used to push the raw material to form a plug during operation, so as to seal Due to the continuous addition of raw materials, the material plug is continuously formed and moved forward, so as to achieve continuous feeding. For rubber and plastics, the screw conveyor with fixed diameter is not easy to form a plug seal, and the screw conveyor with variable diameter and pitch is easy to cause sticky material, and the feeding speed is uneven, the feeding speed cannot be accurately controlled, and it is easy to cause feeding The silo is full or short of material.

At present, for the continuous feeding device, there are still some deficiencies in feeding sealing and feeding speed control.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a multi-section spiral continuous feeding device for granular materials, which can feed materials to a sealed continuous production equipment, and can control the feeding speed so that the materials can be fed evenly. material, prevent material stacking, and realize material self-sealing during the feeding process.

The following technical solutions are adopted for realizing the above-mentioned present invention:

A multi-section screw continuous feeding device for granular materials, characterized in that it includes a screw conveying device and a gear feeding device; the screw conveying device includes a barrel 6, a feeding port 11, a discharging port 24, a screw conveying device 9, upper motor 4, scraper 18, baffle 20, spray port 5, ash outlet 12, bracket 10; gear feeding device includes support 13, lower motor 3, silo 21, feeding gear 8. Blocking groove 25, flange 26, mechanical seal 22, bearing 23. The upper motor 4 drives the screw conveyor 9 to rotate, the material enters from the feeding port 11, the screw blade drives the material to move to the upper discharge port 24, the material is compacted in the variable diameter extrusion section 16, and the small diameter and small pitch conveying section 15. Form plug self-sealing. The material flows to the discharge port 24, the lower motor 3 drives the feed gear 8 to rotate, the feed gear 8 and the screw conveyor 9 rotate in opposite directions, and the material leaking to the discharge port 24 is scraped into the tooth groove of the feed gear 8 and The barrel 6 is taken out, and then the material falls into the silo 21 from the tooth groove of the feeding gear 8, and the material feeding speed is adjusted by adjusting the speed ratio of the two motors.

The screw conveyor of the present invention includes a large-diameter and wide-pitch conveying section 17 located at the bottom, a variable-diameter extrusion section 16 located in the middle, a small-diameter and small-pitch conveying section 15 located at the lower part of the discharge port 24, and the upper part of the discharge port 24. Diameter discharge section 14. The length of the large-diameter and wide-pitch conveying section 17 accounts for between 1/4 and 1/3 of the length of the screw shaft; the length of the variable-diameter extrusion section 16 accounts for between 1/6 and 1/5 of the entire spiral length. The screw pitch conveying section 17 is the same; the length of the small diameter and small pitch conveying section 15 is between 1/4 and 1/3 of the screw shaft, the diameter of the screw blade is 1/2 to 2/3 of the large diameter and wide pitch conveying section 17, and the pitch is the large diameter. Between 1/3 and 1/2 of the wide-pitch conveying section 17; the length of the equal-diameter discharge section 14 accounts for between 1/6 and 1/5 of the entire screw length, and the equal-diameter discharge section 14 is conveyed with a small-diameter and small-pitch pitch. The pitch of the segment 15 is the same, and the angle between the screw conveyor 9 and the ground is 15 to 30°.

The head end of the large-diameter and wide-pitch conveying section 17 is a baffle plate 20 to prevent the material from backflowing. After the material passes through the variable-diameter extrusion section 16, it is compressed into a material plug in the small-diameter and small-pitch conveying section 15 to form a material self-sealing, etc. The end of the radial discharge section 14 is a scraper 18, which prevents the material from continuing to be transported forward, and transports the material to the discharge port 24.

A stepped groove 19 is formed on the surface of the large-diameter and wide-pitch conveying section 17 where the helical blade pushes the material. The radial length of the stepped groove 19 is 3/4 to 5/6 of the large diameter of the large-diameter and wide-pitch conveying section 17, and the axial length is It is 1 to 1.2 times the thickness of the spiral blade, and the depth is 1/3 to 2/3 of the thickness of the spiral blade. Step grooves are set every 90° to 180° to increase the friction force of the spiral blade on the material and enhance the screw conveyor. delivery capacity.

The feeding gear 8 is located directly below the discharge port 24, the feeding gear 8 is placed in parallel with the screw conveyor 9, the large diameter of the feeding gear 8 is 1 to 1.2 times the diameter of the barrel 6, and the length of the feeding gear 8 is the small diameter and small pitch The pitch of the conveying section 15 is 1.2 to 2 times. The feed gear 8 has three types of left-hand gear 27, right-hand gear 28 and spur gear 29, depending on the material. The inclination angle is 18 to 30°. The end does not pass through the groove, and the tooth length of the feeding gear 8 accounts for 3/5 to 4/5 of the total length of the feeding gear 8 . The compacted material plug flows through the discharge port 24, and the relative movement between the feeding gear 8 and the helical blade can break the material plug and sweep it into the tooth groove of the feeding gear 8, and the feeding gear 8 removes the material from the material. Taken out from the barrel 6, the feeding gear 8 has one of three types: left-handed gear 27, right-handed gear 28 and spur gear 29, depending on the material. The gear inclination angle is 18 to 30°, and the feeding gear 8 can be maintained during the rotation The position of the material in the tooth groove prevents the material from sliding down to a certain extent and keeps the material uniform.

By adjusting the speed ratio of the feed gear 8 and the screw conveyor 9, the material is accumulated at the discharge port 24, and a material seal is formed at the gap between the discharge port 24 and the feed gear 8, and a little leakage from the gap is formed. When the material passes through the baffle chute, it will flow into the baffle slot, and along with the rotation of the feeding gear 8, the material in the baffle slot will be thrown into the silo 21. If too much material leaks, it will block the baffle slot and the machine. At this time, a tight material seal is formed between the screw conveyor 9 and the feeding gear 8, and the material will not leak from the gap between the screw conveyor 9 and the feeding gear 8.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of a multi-section spiral continuous feeding device for granular materials of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of screw conveyor 9;

Fig. 3 is the structure schematic diagram of the upper stepped block of the large diameter and wide pitch conveying section;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the feeding gear 8;

Figures 5a, b, and c are the schematic structural diagrams of the right-handed gear 27, the left-handed gear 28, and the spur gear 29, respectively;

6a, b, and c are schematic diagrams of the relationship between the right-handed gear 27, the left-handed gear 28, the spur gear 29 and the helical blades;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feed gear 8 and the helical blade in the A-A direction;

8 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

The waste tire rubber particles are an embodiment of the present invention. The waste tire rubber particles enter the barrel 6 through the feed port 11, and the raw materials are formed into plugs during operation by the push of the helical blades, so as to achieve self-sealing of the materials, and the materials enter the feed. Between the tooth slots of the gear 8 , the feed gear 8 evenly falls into the silo 21 and into the reactor 2 as the feeding gear 8 rotates.

Firstly, the motor is turned on, the screw conveyor 9 and the feeding gear 8 are running and the reactor is not turned on for the time being, the material is added to the feeding port 11, the material is compressed through the variable diameter extrusion section 16, and is compacted in the small diameter and small pitch conveying section 15, The material moves to the discharge port 24 , and the feed gear 8 scrapes the material between the tooth grooves and takes it out of the barrel 6 , and then the material falls into the silo 21 from the tooth groove of the feed gear 8 .

After the material in the silo 21 is accumulated, a material plug has been formed inside the barrel 6 and self-sealing, and then the reactor is opened.

In the above embodiment, the feeding gear 8 is a right-handed gear 27. As shown in Figure 5a and Figure 6a, if the feeding gear 8 and the screw conveyor 9 rotate in opposite directions, the gear teeth at the discharge port 24 rotate and the direction of the material flow. In the same way, the scraping effect is weak, and it is suitable for materials with good fluidity. If the feed gear 8 and the screw conveyor 9 rotate in the same direction, and the discharge port 24 The feed gear 8 and the screw conveyor 9 rotate in the same direction, the discharge port The 24 gear teeth rotate in the opposite direction to the material flow, and the scraping effect is obvious. It is suitable for materials with good compressibility, high viscosity and low rigidity, such as PP, which is easy to crush materials with low toughness and has a wide range of applications. .

Embodiment 2

In another technical solution, the feeding gear 8 is a left-handed gear 28. As shown in Figures 5b and 6b, when the feeding gear 8 and the screw conveyor 9 rotate in opposite directions, the direction of the material flow near the discharge port 24 is the same as the direction of the material flow. The moving direction of the gear teeth is the same. When the feeding gear 8 and the screw conveyor 9 rotate in the same direction, the material flow direction near the discharge port 24 is opposite to the moving direction of the gear teeth. The material effect is weak, and it is suitable for materials with strong fluidity and poor toughness, such as PVC.

Embodiment 3

In another technical solution, the feeding gear 8 is a spur gear 29. As shown in Figure 5c and Figure 6c, the feeding gear 8 and the rotation direction of the screw conveyor 9 have a good scraping effect, but the scope of application is not as good as Right-handed gear 27 is good, but not as good as left-handed gear for harder materials.

Claims (5)

1. A continuous feed arrangement of multistage spiral for particulate material which characterized in that: comprises a spiral conveying device and a gear feeding device; the spiral conveying device comprises a machine barrel (6), a feeding hole (11), a discharging hole (24), a spiral conveyor (9), an upper motor (4), a scraping plate (18), a material baffle plate (20), a spraying hole (5), an ash outlet (12) and a support (10); the gear feeding device comprises a support (13), a lower motor (3), a storage bin (21), a feeding gear (8), a material blocking groove (25), a flange plate (26), a mechanical seal (22) and a bearing (23);

the helical blades of the screw conveyor (9) are sequentially provided with a large-diameter wide-pitch conveying section (17), a reducing extrusion section (16), a small-diameter small-pitch conveying section (15) and an equal-diameter discharging section (14) from the bottom to a discharge port (24), and form a corresponding helical machine barrel pair with the machine barrel (6); the length of the large-diameter wide-pitch conveying section (17) accounts for 1/4 to 1/3 of the length of the spiral shaft; the length of the reducing extrusion section (16) accounts for 1/6 to 1/5 of the length of the whole screw shaft, and the screw pitch is the same as that of the large-diameter wide-screw-pitch conveying section (17); the length of the small-diameter small-pitch conveying section (15) accounts for between 1/4 and 1/3 of the spiral shaft, the diameter of a spiral blade is 1/2 to 2/3 of the large-diameter wide-pitch conveying section (17), and the pitch of the spiral blade is between 1/3 and 1/2 of the large-diameter wide-pitch conveying section (17); the length of the equal-diameter discharging section (14) accounts for 1/6-1/5 of the length of the whole spiral shaft, the pitch of the equal-diameter discharging section (14) is the same as that of the small-diameter small-pitch conveying section (15), and the included angle between the spiral conveyor (9) and the ground is 15-30 degrees.

2. A multi-stage helical continuous feeder for particulate material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: step blocks (19) are welded on the surface of the spiral blade of the large-diameter and wide-pitch conveying section (17) for pushing materials, the radial length of each step block (19) is 3/4-5/6 of the large diameter of the spiral blade of the large-diameter and wide-pitch conveying section (17), the circumferential length of each step block is 1-1.2 times of the thickness of the spiral blade, the depth of each step block is 1/3-2/3 of the thickness of the spiral blade, and the interval between the step blocks is 15-90 degrees.

3. A multi-stage helical continuous feeder for particulate material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the spraying port (5) is installed at the upper end of the screw conveyor (9), the ash outlet (12) is installed at the lower end of the screw conveyor, the upper end of the screw shaft is provided with a scraping plate (18), the thickness of the scraping plate (18) is consistent with that of the helical blade, the length of the scraping plate is 0.8-1 time of the pitch of the equal-diameter discharging section (14), the lower end of the screw shaft is provided with a material baffle plate (20), and the material baffle plate (20) is welded at the head end of the helical.

4. A multi-stage helical continuous feeder for particulate material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the feeding gear (8) is fixed on a shaft and is arranged in the stock bin (21), the material blocking groove (25) is positioned on cylindrical surfaces on two sides of the gear teeth of the feeding gear (8), a mechanical seal (22) and a bearing (23) are arranged at two ends of the shaft, the mechanical seal (22) and the bearing (23) which are positioned at the lower end of the shaft are arranged on a flange plate (26), and the flange plate (26) is fixed on the stock bin (21); feeding gear (8) are located under auger conveyor (9) discharge gate (24), feeding gear (8) and auger conveyor (9) parallel placement, feeding gear (8) addendum circle diameter is 1 to 1.2 times of auger delivery device barrel (6) diameter, feeding gear (8) length is 1.2 to 2 times of auger delivery device path minor pitch conveyor section (15) pitch, the tooth's socket of feeding gear (8) is the slot that does not link up in both ends, the teeth of a cogwheel length of feeding gear (8) account for feeding gear (8) full length 3/5 to 4/5.

5. A multi-stage helical continuous feeder for particulate material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the material blocking groove (25) is positioned on the feeding gear (8), the groove depth is 1 to 3 times of the gap between the feeding gear (8) and the machine barrel (6), the groove width is 0.8 to 1.2 times of the groove depth, and the groove interval is 0.5 to 0.8 times of the groove width.

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