Homogenizing device for spherical oil storage tank
Technical Field
The invention relates to a homogenizing device for a spherical oil storage tank, in particular to a device which is arranged at the center of the bottom in the spherical oil storage tank, controls a disc to fold and unfold according to density difference, and ascends and descends and rotates along a central rotating shaft to homogenize crude oil in the spherical oil storage tank, and belongs to the technical field of petroleum storage equipment.
Background
Crude oil, i.e., petroleum, is a liquid or semi-solid mixture having flammability, viscosity, and fluidity. The mixture contains a plurality of hydrocarbons with different molecular weights, densities and volatilities. After the crude oil is poured into the oil storage tank, the hydrocarbon crude oil medium with relatively high density moves to the lower part of the oil storage tank and is deposited at the lower part or the bottom of the oil storage tank after a period of time, the hydrocarbon crude oil medium with relatively low density is not easy to deposit at the lower part of the oil storage tank and is positioned at the upper part of the oil storage tank, the hydrocarbon crude oil medium with medium density is positioned at the middle part or the middle lower part of the oil storage tank, namely, the various hydrocarbon crude oil media which are stood generate the layering phenomenon in the oil storage tank from small to large in density, and the light crude oil, the medium crude oil and the heavy crude oil are respectively positioned at the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the oil storage tank. Moreover, the viscosity of the medium and heavy crude oil in the middle and lower parts of the oil storage tank is increased in order, and the fluidity is decreased in order.
Currently, oil storage tanks are mainly classified into spherical tanks and cylindrical tanks according to the external shape of the tank body. Compared with a cylindrical tank, the spherical tank has the advantages that the external surface area of the tank body of the spherical tank is the smallest under the same volume and the same pressure, so that the consumption of steel required by manufacturing the tank body is the smallest; the spherical tank has the smallest and uniform stress in the spherical tank under the condition of the same diameter, the bearing capacity of the spherical tank is much larger than that of the cylindrical tank, and the tank wall thickness of the spherical tank is much thinner than that of the cylindrical tank. Therefore, the spherical tank is used as a large-capacity and pressure-bearing storage container and is widely applied to related industries such as petroleum, chemical engineering, metallurgy and the like.
The stratification of crude oil medium in oil storage tank and the problems of viscosity and flowability are serious influence on the transportation operation and technological production of crude oil. Although some stirring devices have been studied and invented in other fields of engineering equipment, including blade rotation and pneumatic stirring, etc. However, the light components of crude oil are easy to volatilize, the medium of the crude oil is flammable, and the special properties of the viscosity and the fluidity of the medium of the crude oil cause that the low-speed rotating blade is greatly influenced by the viscosity and the fluidity of the crude oil and is easy to stall or even damage a motor, and the high-speed rotating blade is easy to generate static electricity for combustion; the flammability problem of the gas source or crude oil medium used for pneumatic stirring is limited, or the gas source cost problem is limited, and the gas source outlet of the pneumatic stirring is easily blocked due to the viscosity and the fluidity of the crude oil medium, so that the pneumatic stirring cannot be effectively applied and popularized. For the spherical oil storage tank, due to the characteristic that the diameters of horizontal section circles with different heights are changed constantly, the mechanical rotating stirring paddle blades with fixed lengths or fixed positions also have the problem of a stirring dead angle area.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a homogenizing device for a spherical oil storage tank aiming at the problems of flammability, viscosity and flowability of crude oil and according to the spherical structure of the spherical oil storage tank, so as to solve the problems of medium stratification and medium viscosity and flowability unevenness of the crude oil in the spherical oil storage tank.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a novel homogenizing device is installed at the center of the bottom inside the spherical oil storage tank. The device comprises rotating base, central pivot and dish, has inlayed the densimeter on the central pivot. When the density difference of crude oil media at different heights inside the spherical oil storage tank reaches the upper limit of a rated range, the control system starts to perform heating, rotating, lifting and closing operations of the disk, and heavy crude oil and medium crude oil deposited on the disk at the bottom of the oil storage tank move up and down along the central rotating shaft and are stirred, scraped and thrown and remixed with light crude oil and medium crude oil in the oil storage tank to realize crude oil homogenization.
The rotary base is arranged at the center of the bottom in the spherical oil storage tank, and the outer boundary of the cross section is circular or regular polygon. The rotating base performs low-speed full-circle rotation through the original motor, the rotating controller and other equipment of the spherical oil storage tank, and drives the central rotating shaft vertical to the rotating base to perform low-speed full-circle rotation.
The cross section of the central rotating shaft is circular or regular polygon, and is vertically connected to the upper surface of the rotating base, and the rotating base is driven to rotate in a full circle. The central rotating shaft is made of compression-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, the outer surface of the side wall of the central rotating shaft is treated by the electrothermal coating, and when the heating control system is started, the electrothermal coating heats, so that the viscosity of crude oil around the central rotating shaft is reduced, the flow of the crude oil is promoted, and the problems of motor stalling and even damage caused by the viscosity of the crude oil are avoided. The central rotating shaft is provided with heat insulation sealing holes at different heights for embedding the densimeter. The outer wall surface of the central rotating shaft is provided with a self-locking thread for the disk to rotate upwards and downwards to execute lifting operation.
The disk is a concave body, and the vertical projection surface is circular, polygonal or special-shaped. The disk takes the central rotating shaft as an axis and is composed of a plurality of disks, the center of the disk is provided with a threaded lantern ring, the disk rotates for 360 degrees in a whole circle under the driving of the rotating base and the central rotating shaft, and the disk is screwed in at a low speed up and down along the threads on the outer wall surface of the central rotating shaft to execute the lifting operation. All the discs on the disc are pressed and stacked in a clockwise or anticlockwise sequence, the discs are divided into a head disc and a tail disc, and the head disc is folded along the direction of the pressed and stacked side discs in the process of lifting the disc along the central rotating shaft at a low speed and is completely overlapped and pressed and stacked with the second disc, the third disc and the … … tail disc in sequence. Finally, all the discs are overlapped and laminated, the vertical projection after lamination is overlapped with that of a single disc, the head disc is arranged on the top, and the tail disc is arranged on the bottom. In the process of folding the discs, the discs which are positioned on the discs to be folded and completely folded play a role of scraping the crude oil medium deposited on the discs, and the areas of the discs to be folded and completely folded, which are not folded, form vacant positions on the discs and just serve as a discharging opening of the crude oil medium on the discs to be folded. The blanking process is carried out under the condition that the disc rotates at a low speed, which is equivalent to that the crude oil medium is thrown and settled under the action of centrifugal inertia force and gravity after being scraped, thereby realizing the purpose of homogenizing the heavy crude oil and the medium crude oil in the oil storage tank by remixing the heavy crude oil and the medium crude oil with the light crude oil and the medium crude oil. When the disk is screwed downwards along the central rotating shaft to perform descending operation, the disks on the disk are reversely performed, the tail disk, the … … second disk and the head disk are sequentially unfolded to form a complete concave body of the disk, and finally the disk is descended to the bottom of the spherical oil storage tank to wait for next starting of the ascending and descending operation. The disc is a concave surface, the depth of the concave surface is suitable for ensuring that the deposited crude oil medium is contained and smoothly scraped and thrown, and the vertical projection surface of the concave surface of the disc is in a fan shape, a petal shape, an axe shape or a special shape. The bottom cambered surface of the concave body disc is prevented from being matched with the inner cambered surface of the spherical oil storage tank, the disc rotates at a low speed of 360 degrees to stir the crude oil deposited at the bottom of the oil storage tank and promote the crude oil to flow, and when the disc ascends, the closing and unfolding of the disc can scrape and throw crude oil media, so that the problem of dead angles existing when the crude oil inside the spherical oil storage tank is mixed is effectively avoided. The disc is made of compression-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, the outer surface of the side wall of the disc is treated by an electric heating coating, when a heating control system is started, the electric heating coating heats and transfers heat to crude oil deposited on the outer surface of the electric heating coating, so that the viscosity of the peripheral crude oil is reduced, the flow of the crude oil is promoted, and the problems of stalling and even motor damage and the like are avoided.
The densitometers are arranged on the side walls of the central rotating shaft at different heights and used for measuring the density of the crude oil medium around the central rotating shaft at the corresponding height position. The measured values are automatically collected and density difference value calculation is carried out, and when the density difference of crude oil media with different heights reaches the upper limit of a rated range, namely the crude oil media in the spherical oil storage tank are layered, the heating control system, the rotating system and the disc folding and unfolding operation system are sequentially started by each control system of the device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention fully utilizes the original motor, a rotating system, a heater and other equipment of the spherical oil storage tank, adds a novel device consisting of a rotating base, a central rotating shaft and a disc at the center of the bottom in the spherical oil storage tank, controls the closing and the unfolding of the disc according to the density difference of crude oil media with different heights in the spherical oil storage tank, and enables the disc to rotate at low speed along with the rotating base and the central rotating shaft, thereby forming the mixing operation of three-dimensional low-speed stirring, scraping, throwing and settling on the crude oil media in the oil storage tank, and realizing the mixing homogenization of the three-dimensional space of the crude oil media in the spherical oil storage tank. Rotating base, central pivot and dish carry out the low-speed rotatory operation, can effectively avoid the inside medium layering problem of spherical oil storage tank to reach the purpose of homogeneity, avoided simultaneously because the static problem of quick rotatory stirring production. The electric heating system of the central rotating shaft and the disc effectively solves the problems that crude oil has poor fluidity and high viscosity on the outer surface of the homogenizing device and blocks the operation of each structural unit of the device, and has wide technical popularization prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a homogenizing device with a disk at the bottom.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the homogenizing apparatus when the disk is raised to a certain height.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a disk deployment.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the first disk being folded and the second disk being fully stacked.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the disk with all the disks folded fully.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a spherical oil storage tank, 2. a rotating base, 3. a central rotating shaft, 4. a densimeter, 5. discs, 51. a first disc, 52. a second disc and 53. a tail disc.
Detailed Description
The homogenizing device in the spherical oil storage tank in the embodiment of the invention consists of a rotating base, a central rotating shaft and a disc. Densimeters are embedded on the central rotating shaft at different heights.
In the embodiment of the invention, the central rotating shaft and the disk are made of pressure-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, and the outer surface of the outer side wall of the central rotating shaft and the outer surface of the outer side wall of the disk are treated by an electrothermal coating.
In the embodiment of the invention, the rotating base is arranged at the center of the bottom in the spherical oil storage tank, and the outer boundary of the cross section is circular or regular polygon.
The cross section of the central rotating shaft in the embodiment of the invention is circular or regular polygon.
In the embodiment of the invention, the disk is a concave body, and the vertical projection surface is circular, polygonal or special-shaped. The disk is composed of a plurality of disks, and the center of the disk is provided with a threaded lantern ring.
In the embodiment of the invention, the disc is a concave surface, and the vertical projection surface of the concave surface of the disc is in a fan shape, a petal shape, an axe shape or a special shape.
The embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
the schematic diagrams of the homogenizing device for a spherical oil storage tank are respectively shown in the attached figures 1 and 2 when a disc is positioned at the bottom and ascends for a certain height, and the schematic diagrams of the spreading of disc sheets, the folding of a head disc sheet of the disc sheet, the complete pressing and folding of a second disc sheet and the complete pressing and folding of all disc sheets of the disc sheet are respectively shown in the attached figures 3 and 4 and the attached figure 5. The rotating base (2) is arranged at the center of the bottom inside the spherical oil storage tank (1), and a central rotating shaft (3) perpendicular to the rotating base is connected with the spherical oil storage tank (1). The densimeter (4) is embedded in the wall surface of the central rotating shaft (3) at different heights and used for detecting the density of the crude oil medium in the spherical oil storage tank (1) at different heights. The disk (5) is connected with the disk through the central lantern ring and is connected with the external thread of the central rotating shaft (3) through the internal thread of the lantern ring to complete the lifting operation of the disk (5) on the central rotating shaft (3). The disk (5) is formed by sequentially laminating a plurality of edge portions. When the density difference measured by the densimeters (4) at different heights on the central rotating shaft (3) reaches the upper limit value of the rated range, the heating control system, the rotation control system, the disc lifting control system and the disc folding and unfolding control system are started successively. Firstly, the heating control system heats the surfaces of the central rotating shaft (2) and the disc (5), and effectively solves the problem that the crude oil on the outer surface hinders the operation of each structural unit of the device due to poor fluidity, high viscosity and the like. Secondly, the rotation control system starts the rotating base (2) and drives the central rotating shaft (3) and the disc (5) positioned at the bottom of the spherical oil storage tank (1) to rotate at 360 degrees at a low speed in a whole circle, so that the crude oil medium in the spherical oil storage tank (1) is stirred to a certain extent, and the static problem caused by rapid rotation stirring is avoided. Then, the disk lifting control system is started, the disk (5) finishes lifting operation along the central rotating shaft (3), meanwhile, in the lifting operation process, the disk sheets of the disk are controlled to fold and unfold, the first disk sheet (51) folds along the direction of the pressed and overlapped side disk sheet, namely the second disk sheet (52), and finally, the first disk sheet and the tail disk sheet (53) are completely overlapped and pressed and overlapped. So far, all discs are completely overlapped and stacked, the vertical projection of the discs is overlapped with that of a single disc, the first disc is on the top, and the tail disc is on the bottom. In the process of folding the discs of the disc (5), for the discs to be folded, the discs which are positioned on the discs and are completely folded play a role of scraping, and the discs have a function of scraping crude oil media deposited on the discs. The blanking process is carried out under the condition that the disc (5) rotates at a low speed, which is equivalent to that the crude oil medium is thrown and settled under the action of centrifugal inertia force and gravity after being scraped. The low-speed rotating stirring executed by the central rotating shaft (3) and the disc (5), the stirring generated by the low-speed lifting motion of the disc (5) along the central rotating shaft (3), and the scraping, throwing and settling of crude oil generated by the closing and unfolding of the discs of the disc (5) realize the mixing homogenization of heavy crude oil, medium crude oil and light crude oil in a three-dimensional space in the spherical oil storage tank (1). When the disk (5) is descended along the central rotating shaft, the disks on the disk (5) perform opposite actions to those during ascending, the tail disks (53), the … … second disks (52) and the head disks (51) are sequentially unfolded to form a complete concave body of the disk (5), and finally the concave body is descended to the bottom of the spherical oil storage tank (1), and the operation is repeated when the next density difference value monitoring reaches the upper limit value of the rated range.