CN109675867B - High-voltage polarized solar cell surface lunar dust automatic clearing trolley - Google Patents
High-voltage polarized solar cell surface lunar dust automatic clearing trolley Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B6/00—Cleaning by electrostatic means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
- B08B1/10—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools characterised by the type of cleaning tool
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
- B08B1/20—Cleaning of moving articles, e.g. of moving webs or of objects on a conveyor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-voltage polarized solar cell surface lunar dust automatic clearing trolley, which belongs to the technical field of lunar dust clearing, and mainly aims to solve the problems of low safety, small application range, low working efficiency and high energy consumption of a lunar dust removing device applied in the prior art. The high-voltage output end is respectively connected with the protected plane and the dust removal electrode, a strong electric field is generated between the protected plane and the dust removal electrode when the protected plane and the dust removal electrode are close to each other (2-6 mm), the lunar dust particles are polarized and carry charges opposite to those of the dust removal electrode under the action of the electric field, and the lunar dust particles are adsorbed on the dust removal electrode under the action of the electric field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lunar dust removal, in particular to a high-voltage polarized solar cell surface lunar dust automatic removal trolley.
Background
The lunar dust is generated by factors such as the lunar surface impacted by meteorite, long-term exposure to the radiation environment with high-energy charged particles, thermal expansion and cold contraction cracking of lunar rock caused by the temperature difference of nearly 300 ℃ day and night and the like, so the lunar dust has the characteristics of tiny average diameter of about 40-120 mu m, easiness in electrification, strong adhesion and the like. The dust is easy to accumulate on the surface of sensitive electric components such as a photoelectric array and a radiator, and the performance of the sensitive electric components is reduced, and the method for removing the lunar dust at present mainly comprises the following three methods:
the electric curtain dust removing method is to design a layer of parallel alternate electric curtains on a protected plane, wherein the electric curtains are composed of a series of conductor electrodes which are separated by insulating materials and are parallel to each other. When the electric curtain is switched on by three-phase alternating current, a non-uniform electric field with periodicity is generated in the space around the electrode, and two component vectors of a normal direction and a tangential direction are generated relative to the surface of the electrode. When charged particles approach the electrodes, they are subjected to normal and tangential forces by the action of two directional electric fields, and the protective surface is removed by periodic motion. The dust removal efficiency of the method is mainly influenced by the electrical parameters such as alternating voltage frequency, amplitude and particle initial charge quantity, and the size parameters such as electrode distance and electrode width. The influence of each aspect is not linear, for example, when the amplitude of the working voltage begins to rise, the dust removal efficiency is approximately linearly improved along with the increase of dielectrophoresis force and electric field force on the particles, but the risk of circuit breakdown is possibly increased along with the further increase of the voltage. Moreover, the method has no case of wide-range dust removal, and because the electric curtain is adhered to a protected plane, the electric curtain is difficult to change proper electrical parameters and size parameters according to different situations.
Electrostatic Lunar Dust Collector (ELDC). The principle is that several pairs of conductive transparent parallel plate electrodes are aligned with the protected surface, and each pair of ELDC plates are connected to positive and negative ends of DC power supply, so that the charged lunar dust is attracted to the plate electrodes with opposite charges by the electric field generated between the plates. The dust removal efficiency of the dust removal method is mainly influenced by the size and the distance of the polar plates, the particle size, the shape, the initial charge quantity and the initial speed of the lunar dust, but the essence of the method mainly depends on the ratio of electric energy to potential energy and the ratio of kinetic energy to potential energy. Because the inherent properties of the lunar dust in the real lunar environment are random, the method has great limitation, the dust removal device is too complicated, and the dust removal polar plate shields the sunlight, so that the working efficiency of the solar cell panel is influenced.
Electrostatic lunar reflection (ELDR). It consists of a series of needle electrodes pointing towards the protection plane. These electrodes are all connected to the same end of a dc power supply, the other end of the electrode is grounded and made into a ring shape, which is placed on top of the protected device to direct the charged particles up and away from the protected surface. The principle of the method is that according to the property that the lunar dust is easy to be positively charged during the day and is easy to be negatively charged at night, the electrodes are connected to the electric polarity which is repellent to the electrodes, and therefore the charges can be prevented from falling to the protection plane. This method should protect 900cm2Does not fall 20 μm of lunar dust, requires 9 electrodes on average on the protected plane, and is electrically connectedThe voltage is up to 1.4KV and therefore more energy is consumed and not paid if the protected plane is larger. In addition, it is not easy to carry the same charge on the lunar dust due to the influence of the complex environment of the lunar surface.
The three methods can play a role in removing the lunar dust for sensitive electric power components and radiators, but have certain defects respectively, wherein the most important defects are low safety, small application range, low working efficiency and large energy consumption, so that the provision of the novel lunar dust removing device for overcoming the problems in the methods has scientific significance and practical value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of low safety, small application range, low working efficiency and high energy consumption of the conventional lunar dust removing device, and further provides a high-voltage polarized solar cell surface lunar dust automatic removing trolley.
A high-voltage polarized solar cell surface lunar dust self-cleaning trolley comprises a dust removal layer, a driving layer, an energy supply layer and a circular support plate;
the upper surface of the circular supporting plate is provided with a cylindrical cavity, the plurality of cliff-avoiding infrared sensors are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged at the edge of the lower surface of the supporting plate, the plurality of obstacle-avoiding infrared sensors are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged at the edge of the upper surface of the supporting plate, and the center of the lower surface of the supporting plate is provided with a third stepping motor;
the dust removing layer comprises a circular lower base plate, a synchronous belt, a flange nut, a dust removing main electrode, a stepping motor I, a plurality of polar plate cleaning brushes, a plurality of moon dust falling gaps and two auxiliary dust removing electrodes, wherein two square through holes and a circular through hole are arranged at the edge of the circular lower base plate, the centers of the two square through holes and the circular through hole are three vertexes of an inscribed right-angled triangle of the lower surface of the circular lower base plate, the center of each square through hole is an end point of a hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle, a plurality of polar plate cleaning brushes are arranged on the upper surface of the circular lower base plate at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, two sides of each polar plate cleaning brush are respectively provided with a moon dust falling gap, the center of the circular lower base plate is provided with a center through hole, the flange nut is arranged in the center through hole, the first stepping motor is arranged above the first dedusting main electrode, the first dedusting main electrode is connected with an output shaft of the first stepping motor, each auxiliary dedusting electrode is arranged at the edge of the upper surface of the circular lower base plate through an auxiliary support, the circumferential distances between the dedusting electrodes are equal, a synchronous belt pulley is arranged on each main support and each auxiliary support, and each synchronous belt pulley is sleeved with each synchronous belt pulley in sequence;
the driving layer comprises an auxiliary wheel, two stepping motors II and two driving wheels, the auxiliary wheel and the two driving wheels are installed on the lower surface of the supporting plate, each driving wheel is arranged at one end point of the inclined edge of the right-angled triangle inscribed in the lower surface of the supporting plate, the auxiliary wheel is arranged at the intersection point of the two right-angled edges of the right-angled triangle inscribed in the lower surface of the supporting plate, the two stepping motors II are installed on the lower surface of the supporting plate, and each driving wheel is connected with the output end of one stepping motor II;
the energy supply layer comprises a storage battery, a solar cell panel, a solar charging and discharging controller, a boosting module, a single chip microcomputer, four driving plates, a voltage regulating module, a communication module, an obstacle avoiding and cliff avoiding module, a 5V contact relay and a storage battery protector; the storage battery, the solar charging and discharging controller, the boosting module, the single chip microcomputer, four driving plates, the voltage-reducing and voltage-stabilizing module, the communication module, the obstacle-avoiding module, the 5V contact relay and the storage battery protector are all arranged in a cavity on the upper surface of the circular supporting plate, the solar cell panel is arranged at the top of the cavity on the upper surface of the circular supporting plate, the output end of the solar cell panel is connected with the input end of the solar charging and discharging controller, the output end of the solar charging and discharging controller is connected with the storage battery protector, the storage battery is arranged in the storage battery protector, the first output end of the storage battery protector is connected with the input end of the voltage-regulating module, the second output end of the storage battery protector is connected with the first input end of the 5V contact relay, the output end of the voltage-regulating module is, the output of communication module links to each other with No. three input of singlechip, and every output links to each other with a drive plate in No. one to No. four output of singlechip respectively, and No. five output of singlechip link to each other with No. two inputs of 5V contact relay, and the output of 5V contact relay links to each other with the input of the module of stepping up, and the output of the module of stepping up links to each other with the dust removal electrode, and the output of the module of stepping up links to each other with by dust collector.
The dust removing layer is connected with the round supporting plate through a lead screw, one end of the lead screw is connected with an output shaft of a third stepping motor through a coupling, the other end of the lead screw is arranged in a flange nut, three leveling springs are arranged between the round supporting plate and a lower base plate at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, one end of each leveling spring is fixed on the lower surface of the round supporting plate, the other end of each leveling spring is fixed on the upper surface of the lower base plate, each driving wheel corresponds to a square through hole, one auxiliary wheel corresponds to a round through hole, the first stepping motor is connected with one of four driving plates, the second stepping motor is connected with one of the four driving plates, the third stepping motor is connected with one of the four driving plates, each cliff avoiding infrared sensor is connected with one of a plurality of input ends of the cliff avoiding module, each obstacle avoidance infrared sensor is connected with one input end of the plurality of input ends of the obstacle avoidance and cliff avoidance module.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. compared with the device for removing dust by using the electric curtain dust removing method in the prior art, the device is safer, the voltage regulating device supplies power to each electrical element, the danger of circuit breakdown is avoided, and meanwhile, the 5V contact relay is additionally arranged between the boosting module and the power supply, so that the single chip microcomputer can be used for better controlling the on and off of the boosting module.
2. Compared with the prior art that the device for removing dust by using the electrostatic lunar dust collector is widely applied, the device for removing dust by using the electrostatic lunar dust collector receives the influences of a plurality of factors such as size, distance, particle size and shape of lunar dust, and the inherent properties of real lunar dust in the lunar environment are random, so that the method has larger limitation.
3. Compared with the device for removing dust by using the method of electrostatic lunar dust reflection in the prior art, the energy consumption is smaller, the method of electrostatic lunar dust reflection utilizes the principle that charges in the same are wanted to be repelled, so that the electrodes are connected to the electric polarity repelled with the electrodes, the charges can be ensured to be repelled and can not fall to a protection plane, if the device for removing dust by using the method is used for protecting lunar dust with the plane of 900cm2 and the plane of 20 mu m from falling, 9 electrodes are required to be averagely arranged on the protected plane, and the voltage is up to 1.4KV, therefore, if the protected plane is larger, more energy can be consumed and the voltage cannot be increased, the invention utilizes a module power supply to convert 12V direct current voltage input by a solar panel into an adjustable high-voltage power supply of 0-3000V, the high-voltage output end is respectively connected with the protected plane and the dust removal electrodes, and when the two are sufficiently close to 10mm, a strong, under the action of an electric field, the lunar dust particles are polarized and carry charges opposite to those of the dust removal electrode, and are adsorbed on the dust removal electrode under the action of the electric field force, the maximum output voltage of the lunar dust collector is only 3000V, and the voltage cannot be additionally increased due to the increase of the area of the solar panel to be removed, so that the energy loss is greatly reduced in comparison, and in addition, the situation that the lunar dust is not easy to carry the same charges due to the influence of the complex environment of the lunar surface is not required to be considered.
4. Compared with the device for clearing lunar dust in the prior art, the device for clearing lunar dust is additionally provided with the obstacle avoidance and cliff avoidance design and the path planning design, when the dust is removed from the initial corner of the outermost edge of the rectangular solar cell panel, the stepping motor starts to receive pulses, when the single chip microcomputer receives a cliff avoidance signal, one side length of the solar cell panel can be calculated through the number of pulses received by the stepping motor in the period, and the other side length can be calculated in the same way. Thus, the size of the solar cell panel can be judged. Because the width of the dedusting trolley body including the dedusting electrode is a determined value, the moon dust removal of the whole solar cell panel can be completed by continuously shortening the moving position of the trolley body width, so that the dedusting method can be applied to a large dedusting range and area, and has better practicability.
5. Compared with the device for removing the lunar dust in the prior art, the device has a simpler structure, and the phenomenon that the working efficiency of the solar cell panel is influenced because the occupied area of the device is larger and more sunlight is shielded due to the complicated structure is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of an energy-providing layer of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of the structure of the energy supply layer in the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a circular lower bottom plate, 2, a synchronous belt, 3, a flange nut, 4, a dust removal main electrode, 5, a polar plate cleaning brush, 6, a moon dust falling gap, 7, an auxiliary dust removal electrode, 8, a first stepping motor, 9, an adjusting spring, 10, an auxiliary wheel, 11, a lead screw, 12, a second stepping motor, 13, a driving wheel, 14, a storage battery, 15, a solar cell panel, 16, a solar charging and discharging controller, 17, a boosting module, 18, a cliff avoiding infrared sensor, 19, an obstacle avoiding infrared sensor, 21, a single chip microcomputer, 22, a driving plate, 23, a voltage adjusting module, 24, a communication module, 25, a cliff avoiding obstacle avoiding module, 26.5V contact relays and 27 storage battery protectors are arranged.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, and the apparatus in the present embodiment includes a dust removing layer, a driving layer, an energy supplying layer and a circular support plate;
the upper surface of the circular supporting plate is provided with a cylindrical cavity, the diameter of the bottom surface of the cylindrical cavity is smaller than that of the upper surface of the supporting plate, the plurality of cliff-avoiding infrared sensors 18 are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged at the edge of the lower surface of the supporting plate, the plurality of obstacle-avoiding infrared sensors 19 are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged at the edge of the upper surface of the supporting plate, and the center of the lower surface of the supporting plate is provided with a third stepping motor;
the dedusting layer comprises a circular lower bottom plate 1, a synchronous belt 2, a flange nut 3, a dedusting main electrode 4, a stepping motor 8, a plurality of polar plate cleaning brushes 5, a plurality of moon dust falling gaps 6 and two auxiliary dedusting electrodes 7, wherein two square through holes and a circular through hole are arranged at the edge of the circular lower bottom plate 1, the centers of the two square through holes and the circular through hole are three vertexes of an inscribed right-angled triangle of the lower surface of the circular lower bottom plate 1, the center of each square through hole is an end point of a hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle, a plurality of polar plate cleaning brushes 5 are arranged on the upper surface of the circular lower bottom plate 1 along the circumferential equidistance, two sides of each polar plate cleaning brush 5 are respectively provided with a moon dust falling gap 6, the center of the circular lower bottom plate 1 is provided with a center through hole, a flange nut 3 is arranged in the center through hole, the dedusting main electrode 4 is, the first stepping motor 8 is arranged above the main dedusting electrode 4 in an inverted mode, the main dedusting electrode 4 is connected with an output shaft of the first stepping motor 8, each auxiliary dedusting electrode 7 is arranged at the edge of the upper surface of the circular lower base plate 1 through an auxiliary support, the circumferential distances between the dedusting electrodes are equal, a synchronous belt pulley is arranged on each main support and each auxiliary support, and the synchronous belt 2 is sequentially sleeved on each synchronous belt pulley;
the driving layer comprises an auxiliary wheel 10, two stepping motors II 12 and two driving wheels 13, the auxiliary wheel 10 and the two driving wheels 13 are installed on the lower surface of the supporting plate, each driving wheel 13 is arranged at one end point of the inclined edge of the right-angled triangle inscribed in the lower surface of the supporting plate, the auxiliary wheel 10 is arranged at the intersection point of the two right-angled edges of the right-angled triangle inscribed in the lower surface of the supporting plate, the two stepping motors II 12 are installed on the lower surface of the supporting plate, and each driving wheel 13 is connected with the output end of one stepping motor II 12;
the energy supply layer comprises a storage battery 14, a solar cell panel 15, a solar charging and discharging controller 16, a boosting module 17, a single chip microcomputer 21, four driving plates 22, a voltage regulating module 23, a communication module 24, an obstacle avoiding and cliff avoiding module 25, a 5V contact relay 26 and a storage battery protector 27; the storage battery 14, the solar charge and discharge controller 16, the boosting module 17, the single chip microcomputer 21, the four driving plates 22, the voltage regulating module 23, the communication module 24, the obstacle avoidance module 25, the 5V contact relay 26 and the storage battery protector 27 are all arranged in a cavity on the upper surface of the circular supporting plate, the solar battery panel 15 is arranged at the top of the cavity on the upper surface of the circular supporting plate, the output end of the solar battery panel 15 is connected with the input end of the solar charge and discharge controller 16, the output end of the solar charge and discharge controller 16 is connected with the storage battery protector 27, the storage battery 14 is arranged in the storage battery protector 27, the first output end of the storage battery protector 27 is connected with the input end of the voltage regulating module 23, the second output end of the storage battery protector 27 is connected with the first input end of the 5V contact relay 26, the output, keep away barrier and keep away No. two inputs of cliff module 25 and singlechip 21, communication module 24's output links to each other with No. three inputs of singlechip 21, every output links to each other with a drive plate 22 in No. one to No. four outputs of singlechip 21 respectively, No. five outputs of singlechip 21 link to each other with No. two inputs of 5V contact relay 26, the output of 5V contact relay 26 links to each other with the input of boost module 17, No. one output of boost module 17 links to each other with the dust removal electrode, No. two outputs of boost module 17 link to each other with by dust collector.
The dust removing layer is connected with the round supporting plate through a lead screw 11, one end of the lead screw 11 is connected with an output shaft of a third stepping motor through a coupling, the other end of the lead screw 11 is arranged in a flange nut 3, three leveling springs 9 are arranged between the round supporting plate and a lower base plate 1 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, one end of each leveling spring 9 is fixed on the lower surface of the round supporting plate, the other end of each leveling spring 9 is fixed on the upper surface of the lower base plate 1, each driving wheel 13 corresponds to one square through hole, one auxiliary wheel 10 corresponds to one round through hole, a first stepping motor 8 is connected with one driving plate 22 of four driving plates 22, a second stepping motor 12 is connected with one driving plate 22 of the four driving plates 22, the third stepping motor is connected with one driving plate 22 of the four driving plates 22, each driving plate infrared sensor 18 is connected with one input end of a plurality of input ends of the obstacle avoidance module 25, each obstacle avoidance infrared sensor 19 is connected to one of the plurality of input terminals of the obstacle avoidance module 25.
The invention fully considers that the particularity of lunar environment dust removal does not allow human participation, so that the lunar dust on the surface of the electrode needs to be cleaned automatically after the dust removal electrode is saturated with lunar dust. Aiming at the problem, a dust removal main electrode and two auxiliary dust removal electrodes are connected by utilizing a synchronous toothed belt, the dust removal main electrode is arranged on a main support of a lower chassis of a dust removal trolley in a clearance fit mode, the auxiliary dust removal electrodes are arranged on an auxiliary support of the lower chassis of the dust removal trolley in a clearance fit mode, and a stepping motor is utilized to drive the front dust removal main electrode to rotate to sequentially drive each auxiliary dust removal electrode to rotate simultaneously. The purpose of rotation is to clear away the clean electrode of brush through the lunar dust on the lower chassis in rotatory process, and the lunar dust that cleans falls drops fixed lunar dust collection place through the clearance that designs on the lower chassis, and simultaneously, this lunar dust is independently clear away dolly energy supply mode is through keeping flat the monocrystalline silicon solar cell function at the roof, need not additionally consume the energy. The conversion efficiency of the current solar cell is generally low, and the output power is greatly influenced by the illumination intensity. If the bicycle is directly used, the bicycle can not walk stably, even can not walk. In order to solve the problem, the current output from the solar energy is controlled to charge the storage battery through the solar energy charge-discharge controller, and meanwhile, the storage battery protector is used for preventing the storage battery from being overcharged and the current from flowing back. Therefore, not only can the stable output of power be ensured, but also the solar energy can be fully utilized, and the stored energy is used for night dust removal or other applications, so that the tail wheel of the vehicle body can freely rotate in a plane for ensuring that the vehicle body freely walks. The two power wheels of the vehicle head are respectively driven by the two stepping motors, so that the vehicle body can be conveniently rotated, the occupied space during turning is saved, and the whole vehicle can be provided with larger power to ensure that the vehicle body has certain climbing capacity (considering that the solar cell panel has an inclination angle of about 30 degrees).
The second embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 4, the shape of the dust collecting main electrode 4 in the present embodiment is a sector with a central angle of 180 ° to 270 °, and other components are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 4, in which the shape of the auxiliary dust removal electrode 7 is a sector with a central angle of 90 ° to 180 °, and other components are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The dust removal electrode is designed into three blocks, and the three blocks are fan-shaped, so that the maximization of the dust removal electrode is ensured. The two electrodes of the head and the tail of the vehicle can cover the width direction of the whole vehicle so as to ensure that dust removal is not omitted.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 4, in which the surfaces of the main dust-collecting electrode 4 and each auxiliary dust-collecting electrode 7 are provided with an insulating paint layer, that is, the surfaces are uniformly coated with an insulating paint layer, and before coating, a layer of insulating tape is disposed in the area where the upper surfaces of the main dust-collecting electrode 4 and each auxiliary dust-collecting electrode 7 are connected with high voltage. Other composition modes are the same as the first embodiment mode.
The purpose of spraying the insulating paint is to prevent the moon dust particles from being polarized repeatedly and being incapable of being adsorbed by the dust removal electrode.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 4, in which the distance between the lower surface of the main dust-collecting electrode 4 and each auxiliary dust-collecting electrode 7 and the surface to be dust-collected is 2-6 mm. Other composition modes are the same as the first embodiment mode.
Because the dust removal electrode is positioned above the lower chassis, the minimum distance between the dust removal electrode and the ground is 2mm by considering the thickness and the allowance of the lower chassis, and a strong electric field is generated when the distance between the dust removal electrode and a dust-removed area reaches 6mm, thereby achieving the dust removal effect.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 4, and the lead screw 11 in the present embodiment is a T8 lead screw. Other composition modes are the same as the first embodiment mode.
The seventh embodiment: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1, in which the number of the plurality of plate cleaning brushes 5 is 2 to 4. Other composition modes are the same as the first embodiment mode.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 3, and the number of the cliff infrared sensors 18 in the present embodiment is 3 to 6. Other composition modes are the same as the first embodiment mode.
The specific implementation method nine: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 3, and the number of the obstacle avoidance infrared sensors 19 in the present embodiment is 3 to 6. Other composition modes are the same as the first embodiment mode.
Because the trolley is of a circular structure, the cliff-avoiding infrared sensors 18 and the obstacle-avoiding infrared sensors 19 are uniformly distributed at the edge of the trolley, the manufacturing cost is increased too much, the cliff-avoiding infrared sensors and the obstacle-avoiding infrared sensors 19 are too few, and the good effect of the cliff-avoiding and the obstacle-avoiding infrared sensors cannot be achieved, and 3-6 cliff-avoiding infrared sensors 18 and the obstacle-avoiding infrared sensors 19 are reasonable design schemes.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1, and the thickness of the main dust collecting electrode 4 and each auxiliary dust collecting electrode 7 in the present embodiment is 1 mm. Other composition modes are the same as the first embodiment mode.
Examples
The embodiment provides a high-voltage polarized solar cell surface lunar dust self-cleaning trolley which mainly comprises the following components:
the device comprises a dust removal layer, a driving layer, an energy supply layer and a circular support plate;
the upper surface of the circular supporting plate is provided with a cylindrical cavity, the diameter of the bottom surface of the cylindrical cavity is smaller than that of the upper surface of the supporting plate, the four cliff-avoiding infrared sensors 18 are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged at the edge of the lower surface of the supporting plate, the four obstacle-avoiding infrared sensors 19 are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged at the edge of the upper surface of the supporting plate, and the center of the lower surface of the supporting plate is provided with a third stepping motor;
the dedusting layer comprises a circular lower bottom plate 1, a synchronous belt 2, a flange nut 3, a dedusting main electrode 4, a stepping motor 8, three polar plate cleaning brushes 5, six lunar dust falling gaps 6 and two auxiliary dedusting electrodes 7, wherein two square through holes and a circular through hole are arranged at the edge of the circular lower bottom plate 1, the centers of the two square through holes and the circular through hole are three vertexes of an inscribed right-angled triangle of the lower surface of the circular lower bottom plate 1, the center of each square through hole is an end point of a hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle, a plurality of polar plate cleaning brushes 5 are arranged on the upper surface of the circular lower bottom plate 1 along the circumferential direction at equal intervals, two sides of each polar plate cleaning brush 5 are respectively provided with a lunar dust falling gap 6, the center of the circular lower bottom plate 1 is provided with a central through hole, a flange nut 3 is arranged in the central through hole, the dedusting main electrode 4 is arranged at, the first stepping motor 8 is arranged above the main dedusting electrode 4 in an inverted mode, the main dedusting electrode 4 is connected with an output shaft of the first stepping motor 8, each auxiliary dedusting electrode 7 is arranged at the edge of the upper surface of the circular lower base plate 1 through an auxiliary support, the circumferential distances between the dedusting electrodes are equal, a synchronous belt pulley is arranged on each main support and each auxiliary support, and the synchronous belt 2 is sequentially sleeved on each synchronous belt pulley;
the driving layer comprises an auxiliary wheel 10, two stepping motors II 12 and two driving wheels 13, the auxiliary wheel 10 and the two driving wheels 13 are installed on the lower surface of the supporting plate, each driving wheel 13 is arranged at one end point of the inclined edge of the right-angled triangle inscribed in the lower surface of the supporting plate, the auxiliary wheel 10 is arranged at the intersection point of the two right-angled edges of the right-angled triangle inscribed in the lower surface of the supporting plate, the two stepping motors II 12 are installed on the lower surface of the supporting plate, and each driving wheel 13 is connected with the output end of one stepping motor II 12;
the energy supply layer comprises a storage battery 14, a solar cell panel 15, a solar charging and discharging controller 16, a boosting module 17, a single chip microcomputer 21, four driving plates 22, a voltage regulating module 23, a communication module 24, an obstacle avoiding and cliff avoiding module 25, a 5V contact relay 26 and a storage battery protector 27; the storage battery 14, the solar charge and discharge controller 16, the boosting module 17, the single chip microcomputer 21, the four driving plates 22, the voltage regulating module 23, the communication module 24, the obstacle avoidance module 25, the 5V contact relay 26 and the storage battery protector 27 are all arranged in a cavity on the upper surface of the circular supporting plate, the solar battery panel 15 is arranged at the top of the cavity on the upper surface of the circular supporting plate, the output end of the solar battery panel 15 is connected with the input end of the solar charge and discharge controller 16, the output end of the solar charge and discharge controller 16 is connected with the storage battery protector 27, the storage battery 14 is arranged in the storage battery protector 27, the first output end of the storage battery protector 27 is connected with the input end of the voltage regulating module 23, the second output end of the storage battery protector 27 is connected with the first input end of the 5V contact relay 26, the output, keep away barrier and keep away No. two inputs of cliff module 25 and singlechip 21, communication module 24's output links to each other with No. three inputs of singlechip 21, every output links to each other with a drive plate 22 in No. one to No. four outputs of singlechip 21 respectively, No. five outputs of singlechip 21 link to each other with No. two inputs of 5V contact relay 26, the output of 5V contact relay 26 links to each other with the input of boost module 17, No. one output of boost module 17 links to each other with the dust removal electrode, No. two outputs of boost module 17 link to each other with by dust collector.
The dust removing layer is connected with the round supporting plate through a lead screw 11, one end of the lead screw 11 is connected with an output shaft of a third stepping motor through a coupling, the other end of the lead screw 11 is arranged in a flange nut 3, three leveling springs 9 are arranged between the round supporting plate and a lower base plate 1 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, one end of each leveling spring 9 is fixed on the lower surface of the round supporting plate, the other end of each leveling spring 9 is fixed on the upper surface of the lower base plate 1, each driving wheel 13 corresponds to one square through hole, one auxiliary wheel 10 corresponds to one round through hole, a first stepping motor 8 is connected with one driving plate 22 of four driving plates 22, a second stepping motor 12 is connected with one driving plate 22 of the four driving plates 22, the third stepping motor is connected with one driving plate 22 of the four driving plates 22, each driving plate infrared sensor 18 is connected with one input end of a plurality of input ends of the obstacle avoidance module 25, each obstacle avoidance infrared sensor 19 is connected to one of the plurality of input terminals of the obstacle avoidance module 25.
The selection of the above main elements is shown in the following table:
since the device provided in this embodiment is implemented in a laboratory and is mainly used for performance detection, the HC06 bluetooth module is selected as the communication module 24 in this embodiment to facilitate detection, and in practical applications, the communication module 24 may be replaced with a wireless module for long-distance transmission.
In the environment of indoor simulated lunar dust, under the conditions that the boosting module outputs 1600V high voltage and the distance between the dust removal electrode plate and the cleaned solar electrode plate is 5mm, the simulated lunar dust with the diameter of 50-90 μm on the surface of the cleaned solar electrode plate can be effectively removed, and meanwhile, the working efficiency of the cleaned solar electrode plate cannot be influenced.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any person skilled in the art can make many modifications and equivalent variations by using the above-described structures and technical contents without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Principle of operation
Connect protection plane and dust removal electrode respectively with high voltage output, the undercarriage can accomplish through lead screw and flange nut that is located its center under the automobile body and go up and down, the dust removal electrode is placed on the undercarriage under the car, it can synchronous revolution to make every dust removal electrode through step motor drive hold-in range, the car walks to the specified region, rotating electrode, the clearing away of the last month dirt of dust removal electrode can be accomplished to the month dirt of brush is clear away to the month dirt on the undercarriage, the automobile body walking is accomplished through three wheel, the supplementary completion turn and the straight line of auxiliary wheel at the rear of a vehicle, two power wheels of locomotive are driven by two step motor respectively, in order to accomplish the turn, the straight line. The whole vehicle is supplied with energy by a solar cell, a solar charging and discharging controller is adopted to control a solar cell array to charge a storage battery for ensuring stable output of electric power, meanwhile, the storage battery is prevented from being overcharged and current backflow through a storage battery protector, a path planning module mainly transmits signals to a single chip microcomputer through a cliff-avoiding and obstacle-avoiding module, and the single chip microcomputer transmits signals to a driver, so that the driver controls a stepping motor II to complete the process.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a dolly is clear away independently to solar cell surface lunar dust of high voltage polarization which characterized in that: the device comprises a dust removal layer, a driving layer, an energy supply layer and a circular support plate;
the upper surface of the circular supporting plate is provided with a cylindrical cavity, the plurality of cliff-avoiding infrared sensors (18) are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged at the edge of the lower surface of the supporting plate, the plurality of obstacle-avoiding infrared sensors (19) are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged at the edge of the upper surface of the supporting plate, and the center of the lower surface of the supporting plate is provided with a third stepping motor;
the dedusting layer comprises a circular lower base plate (1), a synchronous belt (2), a flange nut (3), a dedusting main electrode (4), a stepping motor I (8), a plurality of polar plate cleaning brushes (5), a plurality of moon dust falling gaps (6) and two auxiliary dedusting electrodes (7), wherein two square through holes and a circular through hole are arranged at the edge of the circular lower base plate (1), the centers of the two square through holes and the circular through hole are three vertexes of an inscribed right-angled triangle of the lower surface of the circular lower base plate (1), the center of each square through hole is an end point of a hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle, the upper surface of the circular lower base plate (1) is provided with the polar plate cleaning brushes (5) along the circumferential direction at equal intervals, two sides of each polar plate cleaning brush (5) are respectively provided with a moon dust falling gap (6), and the center of the circular lower base plate (1, a flange nut (3) is arranged in a central through hole, a dust removal main electrode (4) is arranged at the edge of the upper surface of a circular lower bottom plate (1) through a main support, a stepping motor I (8) is inverted above the dust removal main electrode (4), the dust removal main electrode (4) is connected with an output shaft of the stepping motor I (8), each auxiliary dust removal electrode (7) is arranged at the edge of the upper surface of the circular lower bottom plate (1) through an auxiliary support, the circumferential distances between the dust removal electrodes are equal, a synchronous belt pulley is arranged on each main support and each auxiliary support, and a synchronous belt (2) is sequentially sleeved on each synchronous belt pulley;
the driving layer comprises an auxiliary wheel (10), two stepping motors II (12) and two driving wheels (13), the auxiliary wheel (10) and the two driving wheels (13) are installed on the lower surface of the supporting plate, each driving wheel (13) is arranged at one end point of the inclined edge of the inner right-angled triangle of the inner connection of the lower surface of the supporting plate, the auxiliary wheel (10) is arranged at the intersection point of the two right-angled edges of the inner connection of the lower surface of the supporting plate, the two stepping motors II (12) are installed on the lower surface of the supporting plate, and each driving wheel (13) is connected with the output end of one stepping motor II (12);
the energy supply layer comprises a storage battery (14), a solar cell panel (15), a solar charging and discharging controller (16), a boosting module (17), a single chip microcomputer (21), four driving plates (22), a voltage regulating module (23), a communication module (24), an obstacle avoiding and cliff avoiding module (25), a 5V contact relay (26) and a storage battery protector (27); the solar energy charging and discharging control device comprises a storage battery (14), a solar energy charging and discharging controller (16), a boosting module (17), a single chip microcomputer (21), four driving plates (22), a voltage regulating module (23), a communication module (24), an obstacle avoiding and cliff avoiding module (25), a 5V contact relay (26) and a storage battery protector (27) which are all arranged in a cavity on the upper surface of a circular supporting plate, a solar cell panel (15) is arranged at the top of the cavity on the upper surface of the circular supporting plate, the output end of the solar cell panel (15) is connected with the input end of the solar energy charging and discharging controller (16), the output end of the solar energy charging and discharging controller (16) is connected with the storage battery protector (27), the storage battery (14) is arranged in the storage battery protector (27), the first output end of the storage battery protector (27) is connected with the input end of the voltage regulating module (23), the second output end of the storage, the output end of the voltage regulating module (23) is connected with the first input end of the single chip microcomputer (21), the output end of the obstacle avoiding and cliff avoiding module (25) is connected with the second input end of the single chip microcomputer (21), the output end of the communication module (24) is connected with the third input end of the single chip microcomputer (21), each output end of the first to fourth output ends of the single chip microcomputer (21) is connected with one driving plate (22), the fifth output end of the single chip microcomputer (21) is connected with the second input end of the 5V contact relay (26), the output end of the 5V contact relay (26) is connected with the input end of the boosting module (17), the first output end of the boosting module (17) is connected with the dust removing electrode, and the second output end of the boosting module (17) is connected with the dust removing device;
the dust removing layer is connected with the round supporting plate through a lead screw (11), one end of the lead screw (11) is connected with an output shaft of a stepping motor III through a coupler, the other end of the lead screw (11) is arranged in a flange nut (3), three leveling springs (9) are arranged between the round supporting plate and the round lower base plate (1) at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, one end of each leveling spring (9) is fixed on the lower surface of the round supporting plate, the other end of each leveling spring (9) is fixed on the upper surface of the round lower base plate (1), each driving wheel (13) corresponds to one square through hole, one auxiliary wheel (10) corresponds to one round through hole, a stepping motor I (8) is connected with one driving plate (22) of the four driving plates (22), and each stepping motor II (12) is connected with one driving plate (22) of the four driving plates (22) respectively, the third stepping motor is connected with one driving plate (22) of the four driving plates (22), each cliff-avoiding infrared sensor (18) is connected with one input end of a plurality of input ends of the obstacle-avoiding and cliff-avoiding module (25), and each obstacle-avoiding infrared sensor (19) is connected with one input end of a plurality of input ends of the obstacle-avoiding and cliff-avoiding module (25).
2. The automatic moon dust removing trolley for the surface of the high-voltage polarized solar cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the shape of the dust removal main electrode (4) is a sector with a central angle of 180-270 degrees.
3. The automatic moon dust removing trolley for the surface of the high-voltage polarized solar cell as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the auxiliary dust removal electrode (7) is in a fan shape with a central angle of 90-180 degrees.
4. The automatic moon dust removing trolley for the surface of the high-voltage polarized solar cell as claimed in claim 3, wherein the automatic moon dust removing trolley comprises: and insulating paint layers are arranged on the surfaces of the main dedusting electrode (4) and each auxiliary dedusting electrode (7), and before spraying, a layer of insulating adhesive tape is arranged in an area where the upper surfaces of the main dedusting electrode (4) and each auxiliary dedusting electrode (7) are communicated with high voltage.
5. The automatic moon dust removing trolley for the surface of the high-voltage polarized solar cell as claimed in claim 4, wherein the automatic moon dust removing trolley comprises: the distance between the lower surfaces of the main dedusting electrode (4) and each auxiliary dedusting electrode (7) and the surface to be cleaned is 2-6 mm.
6. The automatic moon dust removing trolley for the surface of the high-voltage polarized solar cell as claimed in claim 5, wherein the automatic moon dust removing trolley comprises: the lead screw (11) is a T8 lead screw.
7. The automatic moon dust removing trolley for the surface of the high-voltage polarized solar cell as claimed in claim 6, wherein the automatic moon dust removing trolley comprises: the number of the plurality of pole plate cleaning brushes (5) is 2-4.
8. The automatic moon dust removing trolley for the surface of the high-voltage polarized solar cell as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the number of the plurality of cliff-avoiding infrared sensors (18) is 3-6.
9. The automatic lunar dust removing trolley for the surface of the high-voltage polarized solar cell as claimed in claim 8, wherein the automatic lunar dust removing trolley comprises: the thickness of the main dedusting electrode (4) and each auxiliary dedusting electrode (7) is 1 mm.
10. The automatic lunar dust removing trolley for the surface of the high-voltage polarized solar cell as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the number of the obstacle avoidance infrared sensors (19) is 3-6.
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| CN115055284B (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2023-04-28 | 华北电力大学（保定） | An electrostatic precipitator system for solar panels based on flexible electrodes |
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