CN109674511B - A pituitary tumor cutting and removing device - Google Patents
A pituitary tumor cutting and removing device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及医药器械技术领域,具体为一种垂体瘤切割清除装置。The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a pituitary tumor cutting and removing device.
背景技术Background technique
垂体瘤是一组来源于垂体前叶的肿瘤。垂体瘤通常发生于青壮年时期,常常会影响患者的生长发育、生育功能、学习和工作能力,临床表现为激素分泌异常症群、肿瘤压迫垂体周围组织的症群、垂体卒中和其他垂体前叶功能减退表现。目前对垂体瘤的治疗还是以手术为主,辅以药物治疗、放射治疗。垂体瘤的位置在鞍区,周围有视神经、颈内动脉、海绵窦、下丘脑等重要神经结构,所以手术还是有一定风险。目前手术方法有经蝶窦、开颅两种方式,大约90%以上的垂体瘤都可以采取内镜下经蝶窦手术方式进行切除。瘤体直径大于3厘米与视神经粘连或视力受损的肿瘤须先行手术治疗,手术必须达到视神经充分减压,在进行垂体瘤切割手术时,因肿瘤性质绝大多数较软,易于刮除和低压吸除,因而大多采用剥离器剥离以及吸引管吸引,为防止肿瘤"被膜"或鞍隔过早塌陷入鞍内影响周围肿瘤的切除,应按先周边后中心的切除顺序,目前,经蝶窦伸入进行剥离刮除或吸除的方式是主要的手术方法,即经蝶窦伸入剥离器或者吸引管进行操作,由于蝶窦伸入空间有限,并且需要使用内窥镜进行窥视,因而手术医师进行剥离器以及吸引管的反复交替使用,大大延长了手术时间,并且通过剥离器进行强行剥离时,对医师的操作技能要求高,能发生肿瘤"被膜"供血血管断裂,造成蛛网膜下腔出血的现象,也可能导致鞍膈破损出现脑脊液漏,对质地硬韧粘连明显的肿瘤很难彻底切除从而影响手术质量,现有的垂体瘤切割清除装置大多安装负压吸引机,负压吸引机在停止使用时易产生反向压差,使肿瘤物质收集盒中的垂体瘤倒流,易发生医疗事故,增加操作难度,且吸引头长期暴露在空气中易沾染细菌,增加手术中细菌感染的可能性。Pituitary tumors are a group of tumors originating from the anterior pituitary gland. Pituitary tumors usually occur in young adults and often affect the growth and development, reproductive function, learning and work ability of patients. The clinical manifestations include abnormal hormone secretion, groups of tumors compressing the surrounding tissues of the pituitary gland, pituitary apoplexy and other anterior pituitary glands. Decreased performance. At present, the treatment of pituitary tumors is mainly surgery, supplemented by drug therapy and radiation therapy. The pituitary tumor is located in the sellar area, surrounded by important neural structures such as the optic nerve, internal carotid artery, cavernous sinus, and hypothalamus, so surgery still has certain risks. At present, there are two surgical methods: transsphenoidal and craniotomy. About 90% of pituitary tumors can be removed by endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery. Tumors with a diameter of more than 3 cm and optic nerve adhesion or visual impairment must be treated with surgery first, and the operation must achieve sufficient decompression of the optic nerve. In order to prevent the tumor "capsule" or the premature collapse of the sellar septum from falling into the sellar and affecting the resection of the surrounding tumor, the excision order should be performed in the peripheral first and then the center. Removal, curettage or suction is the main surgical method, that is, the dissection device or suction tube is inserted through the sphenoid sinus for operation. Due to the limited space for the sphenoid sinus and the need to use an endoscope for peeping, surgery is required. The repeated use of the peeler and the suction tube by the doctor greatly prolongs the operation time, and when the peeler is used for forcible peeling, the doctor's operating skills are highly required, and the blood supply blood vessels of the tumor "capsule" can be ruptured, resulting in the subarachnoid space. The phenomenon of bleeding may also lead to cerebrospinal fluid leakage due to the rupture of the sella diaphragm, and it is difficult to completely remove the tumor with obvious toughness and adhesion, which affects the quality of the operation. Most of the existing pituitary tumor cutting and removal devices are equipped with negative pressure suction machines. When the use is stopped, it is easy to generate a reverse pressure difference, which makes the pituitary tumor in the tumor material collection box flow back, which is prone to medical accidents and increases the difficulty of operation. In addition, the suction head is easily contaminated with bacteria if it is exposed to the air for a long time, which increases the possibility of bacterial infection during the operation. sex.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提供一种垂体瘤切割清除装置,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pituitary tumor cutting and removing device to solve the problems raised in the above background art.
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种垂体瘤切割清除装置,包括外置清除器、引流管和吸引机构,外置清除器与引流管连接,外置清除器包括外壳、安装架、清理门和负压吸引机,外壳的上端焊接安装架,外壳的外壁开设有清理门,外壳的内部安装负压吸引机,负压吸引机的底部与引流管的一端连接,引流管的另一端伸出外壳,引流管的端部设有吸引机构,吸引机构包括吸引头外壳、固定架、限位套、弹性伸缩板、吸引管、吸引头、连接架、弹簧板和固定套,吸引头外壳的顶部设有固定架,固定架的底部连接吸引管,吸引管的一端穿过固定架与引流管连接,吸引管的另一端安装吸引头,吸引管的两侧与弹性伸缩板接触连接,弹性伸缩板设有两组,两组弹性伸缩板的侧面均安装限位套,限位套与连接架连接,连接架的底部安装弹簧板,弹簧板与固定套连接,固定套焊接在吸引头外壳的内壁上。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a pituitary tumor cutting and removing device, comprising an external remover, a drainage tube and a suction mechanism, the external remover is connected with the drainage tube, and the external remover includes a casing, a mounting frame , cleaning door and negative pressure suction machine, the upper end of the casing is welded with a mounting frame, the outer wall of the casing is provided with a cleaning door, a negative pressure suction machine is installed inside the casing, the bottom of the negative pressure suction machine is connected with one end of the drainage pipe, and the other side of the drainage pipe is connected. One end protrudes from the shell, and the end of the drainage tube is provided with a suction mechanism, which includes a suction head shell, a fixing frame, a limit sleeve, an elastic expansion plate, a suction tube, an suction head, a connecting frame, a spring plate and a fixed sleeve, and the suction head The top of the shell is provided with a fixing frame, the bottom of the fixing frame is connected with the suction tube, one end of the suction tube is connected with the drainage tube through the fixing frame, the other end of the suction tube is installed with a suction head, and the two sides of the suction tube are in contact with the elastic expansion board. There are two sets of elastic expansion boards. The side of the two sets of elastic expansion boards are equipped with limit sleeves. The limit sleeves are connected with the connecting frame. The bottom of the connecting frame is installed with a spring plate. The spring plate is connected with the fixed sleeve. The fixed sleeve is welded to the suction head. on the inner wall of the housing.
优选的,所述吸引头外壳设置为一种薄壁型中空结构。Preferably, the suction head shell is configured as a thin-walled hollow structure.
优选的,所述吸引头外壳的底部设有管口,管口的直径尺寸与吸引管的直径尺寸一致。Preferably, the bottom of the suction head shell is provided with a nozzle, and the diameter of the nozzle is consistent with the diameter of the suction tube.
优选的,所述外置清除器设置为圆柱状结构,外壳的外壁做有防锈防腐处理。Preferably, the external cleaner is arranged in a cylindrical structure, and the outer wall of the casing is treated with anti-rust and anti-corrosion treatment.
优选的,所述吸引管向下挤压时产生的挤压力大于弹性伸缩板的回弹应力。Preferably, the pressing force generated when the suction tube is pressed downward is greater than the rebound stress of the elastic expansion plate.
优选的,所述负压吸引机的底部设有肿瘤物质收集盒,引流管与肿瘤物质收集盒连接。Preferably, the bottom of the negative pressure suction machine is provided with a tumor material collection box, and the drainage tube is connected to the tumor material collection box.
优选的,所述吸引头包括软性吸嘴、连通软管、固定轮和组织液引管,软性吸嘴的一端与连通软管连接,连通软管通过固定轮固定,连通软管的一端与吸引管连接,软性吸嘴的下方设有组织液引管,组织液引管与吸引管的一端连接。Preferably, the suction head includes a soft suction nozzle, a communication hose, a fixed wheel and an interstitial fluid guide tube, one end of the flexible suction nozzle is connected to the communication hose, the communication hose is fixed by the fixing wheel, and one end of the communication hose is connected to the communication tube. The suction tube is connected, an interstitial fluid lead tube is arranged below the soft suction nozzle, and the tissue fluid lead tube is connected with one end of the suction tube.
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:通过开启负压吸引机,负压吸引机为现有技术,并未在图中示出,其基本结构包括负压吸引机和肿瘤物质收集盒,负压吸引机产生负压,并通过引流管将垂体瘤吸引排送到肿瘤物质收集盒中,引流管的端部设有吸引机构,软性吸嘴对垂体瘤进行吸取,组织液引管将垂体清除过程中产生的组织液进行吸取,通过连通软管进入吸引管,在最后一次吸取完毕时,将吸引管向上拉,这时吸引管对两侧弹性伸缩板的挤压力消失,两侧弹性伸缩板收缩至接触闭合,使引流管处在一个密闭的空间内,避免引流管发生回流使得已被吸取的垂体瘤倒流,也避免了吸引头长期暴露在空气中沾染细菌,降低了手术中细菌感染的可能性,限位套防止弹性伸缩板发生形变,当再次使用吸引机构时,将吸引管向下挤压,吸引管向下挤压时产生的挤压力大于弹性伸缩板的回弹应力,使得吸引管能够顺利下压,使吸引管的两侧壁紧贴弹性伸缩板,吸引头穿过管口对垂体瘤进行吸取,图中的吸引头采用的是扁平管体,吸引头的内腔从后往前逐渐变小,形成的液刀更加锋利,增加装置的实用性。Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is: by turning on the negative pressure suction machine, the negative pressure suction machine is the prior art, which is not shown in the figure, and its basic structure includes a negative pressure suction machine and a tumor material collection machine. box, the negative pressure suction machine generates negative pressure, and the pituitary tumor is sucked and discharged into the tumor material collection box through the drainage tube. Absorb the tissue fluid produced during the removal of the pituitary gland, and enter the suction tube through the connecting hose. When the last suction is completed, the suction tube is pulled upward. At this time, the squeezing force of the suction tube on the elastic expansion plates on both sides disappears. The elastic expansion plate is contracted until contact is closed, so that the drainage tube is in a closed space, avoiding the backflow of the drainage tube and causing the suctioned pituitary tumor to flow back, and also avoiding the suction head being exposed to the air for a long time to be contaminated with bacteria, reducing the operation time. The possibility of bacterial infection, the limit sleeve prevents the elastic expansion board from being deformed. When the suction mechanism is used again, the suction tube is squeezed downward, and the extrusion force generated when the suction tube is squeezed downward is greater than the rebound of the elastic expansion board. Stress, so that the suction tube can be pressed down smoothly, so that the two side walls of the suction tube are close to the elastic expansion plate, and the suction head passes through the nozzle to absorb the pituitary tumor. The inner cavity gradually becomes smaller from the back to the front, and the formed liquid knife is sharper, which increases the practicability of the device.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的整体结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
图2为本发明的整体结构俯视示意图;2 is a schematic top view of the overall structure of the present invention;
图3为本发明的整体结构正视示意图;3 is a schematic front view of the overall structure of the present invention;
图4为本发明的吸引机构内部结构示意图;4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the attraction mechanism of the present invention;
图5为本发明的吸引机构收起时结构示意图;5 is a schematic structural diagram of the suction mechanism of the present invention when it is retracted;
图6为本发明的吸引机构运行时结构示意图;6 is a schematic structural diagram of the attraction mechanism of the present invention during operation;
图7为本发明的吸引头结构示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the suction head of the present invention.
图中:1、外置清除器;11、外壳;12、安装架;13、清理门;14、负压吸引机;15、肿瘤物质收集盒;2、引流管;3、吸引机构;31、引头外壳;311、管口;32、固定架;33、限位套;34、弹性伸缩板;35、吸引管;36、吸引头;361、软性吸嘴;362、连通软管;363、固定轮;364、组织液引管;37、连接架;38、弹簧板;39、固定套。In the figure: 1. External remover; 11. Housing; 12. Mounting frame; 13. Cleaning door; 14. Negative pressure suction machine; 15. Tumor material collection box; 2. Drainage tube; 3. Suction mechanism; 31. Lead shell; 311, nozzle; 32, fixing frame; 33, limit sleeve; 34, elastic expansion plate; 35, suction tube; 36, suction head; 361, soft suction nozzle; 362, connecting hose; 363 , fixed wheel; 364, tissue fluid guide tube; 37, connecting frame; 38, spring plate; 39, fixed sleeve.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
请参阅图1-2,一种垂体瘤切割清除装置,包括外置清除器1、引流管2和吸引机构3,外置清除器1与引流管2连接,外置清除器1包括外壳11、安装架12、清理门13和负压吸引机14,外壳11的上端焊接安装架12,外壳11的外壁开设有清理门13,外壳11的内部安装负压吸引机14,负压吸引机14的底部与引流管2的一端连接,引流管2的另一端伸出外壳11,引流管2的端部设有吸引机构3。Please refer to Fig. 1-2, a pituitary tumor cutting and removing device includes an
请参阅图3-4,一种垂体瘤切割清除装置吸引机构3包括吸引头外壳31、固定架32、限位套33、弹性伸缩板34、吸引管35、吸引头36、连接架37、弹簧板38和固定套39,吸引头外壳31的顶部设有固定架32,固定架32的底部连接吸引管35,吸引管35的一端穿过固定架32与引流管2连接,吸引管35的另一端安装吸引头36,吸引头36对垂体瘤进行吸取,在最后一次吸取完毕时,将吸引管35向上拉,这时吸引管35对两侧弹性伸缩板34的挤压力消失,两侧弹性伸缩板34收缩至接触闭合,使引流管2处在一个密闭的空间内,避免引流管2发生回流使得已被吸取的垂体瘤倒流,也避免了吸引头36长期暴露在空气中沾染细菌,降低了手术中细菌感染的可能性,吸引管35的两侧与弹性伸缩板34接触连接,弹性伸缩板34设有两组,两组弹性伸缩板34的侧面均安装限位套33,限位套33与连接架37连接,连接架37的底部安装弹簧板38,弹簧板38与固定套39连接,固定套39焊接在吸引头外壳31的内壁上,吸引头外壳31设置为一种薄壁型中空结构,吸引头外壳31的底部设有管口311,管口311的直径尺寸与吸引管35的直径尺寸一致,外置清除器1设置为圆柱状结构,外壳11的外壁做有防锈防腐处理,吸引管35向下挤压时产生的挤压力大于弹性伸缩板34的回弹应力,负压吸引机14的底部设有肿瘤物质收集盒15,引流管2与肿瘤物质收集盒15连接,吸引头36包括软性吸嘴361、连通软管362、固定轮363和组织液引管364,软性吸嘴361的一端与连通软管362连接,连通软管362通过固定轮363固定,连通软管362的一端与吸引管35连接,软性吸嘴361的下方设有组织液引管364,组织液引管364与吸引管35的一端连接。Please refer to Fig. 3-4, a
工作原理:开启负压吸引机14,负压吸引机14为现有技术,并未在图中示出,其基本结构包括负压吸引机14和肿瘤物质收集盒15,负压吸引机14产生负压,并通过引流管2将垂体瘤吸引排送到肿瘤物质收集盒15中,引流管2的端部设有吸引机构3,软性吸嘴361对垂体瘤进行吸取,组织液引管364将垂体清除过程中产生的组织液进行吸取,通过连通软管362进入吸引管35,在最后一次吸取完毕时,将吸引管35向上拉,这时吸引管35对两侧弹性伸缩板34的挤压力消失,两侧弹性伸缩板34收缩至接触闭合,使引流管2处在一个密闭的空间内,限位套33防止弹性伸缩板34发生形变,当再次使用吸引机构3时,将吸引管35向下挤压,吸引管35向下挤压时产生的挤压力大于弹性伸缩板34的回弹应力,使吸引管35的两侧壁紧贴弹性伸缩板34,吸引头36穿过管口311对垂体瘤进行吸取,图中的吸引头36采用的是扁平管体,可根据垂体瘤的不同形状合理选用不同形状尺寸的管体。Working principle: Turn on the negative
综上所述:本发明提供的一种垂体瘤切割清除装置,通过开启负压吸引机14,负压吸引机14为现有技术,并未在图中示出,其基本结构包括负压吸引机14和肿瘤物质收集盒15,负压吸引机14产生负压,并通过引流管2将垂体瘤吸引排送到肿瘤物质收集盒15中,引流管2的端部设有吸引机构3,软性吸嘴361对垂体瘤进行吸取,组织液引管364将垂体清除过程中产生的组织液进行吸取,通过连通软管362进入吸引管35,在最后一次吸取完毕时,将吸引管35向上拉,这时吸引管35对两侧弹性伸缩板34的挤压力消失,两侧弹性伸缩板34收缩至接触闭合,使引流管2处在一个密闭的空间内,避免引流管2发生回流使得已被吸取的垂体瘤倒流,也避免了吸引头36长期暴露在空气中沾染细菌,降低了手术中细菌感染的可能性,限位套33防止弹性伸缩板34发生形变,当再次使用吸引机构3时,将吸引管35向下挤压,吸引管35向下挤压时产生的挤压力大于弹性伸缩板34的回弹应力,使得吸引管35能够顺利下压,使吸引管35的两侧壁紧贴弹性伸缩板34,吸引头36穿过管口311对垂体瘤进行吸取,图中的吸引头36采用的是扁平管体,吸引头36的内腔从后往前逐渐变小,形成的液刀更加锋利,增加装置的实用性。To sum up: the present invention provides a pituitary tumor cutting and removing device, by turning on the negative
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. The equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concept thereof shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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