CN109669097B - Single-phase earth fault line selection method for neutral point arc suppression coil grounding system - Google Patents
Single-phase earth fault line selection method for neutral point arc suppression coil grounding system Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
Abstract
The invention discloses a single-phase earth fault line selection method of a neutral point arc suppression coil grounding system. The method for searching the grounding fault line according to the electric accident handling regulation adopts the bus separation to determine the grounding fault bus system, after the single-phase grounding fault occurs to the grounding system with the neutral point passing through the arc suppression coil, the bus separation operation is carried out, and the bus separation operation is utilized before and after the bus separationM i The change characteristics of the line selection criteria form the line selection criteria so as to achieve the purpose of reliable line selection. The structure is as follows: the bus comprises a bus of a protected power distribution system, wherein the bus is a single bus sectional system, a bus sectional switch adopts a circuit breaker, the circuit breaker is connected with a measurement and control device, the measurement and control device is connected with a voltage transformer, and the voltage transformer is connected with the bus; the measurement and control device detects whether a neutral point generates a single-phase earth fault through an arc suppression coil grounding system, and the bus separation operation is realized by controlling the disconnection of the circuit breaker.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a ground fault detection technology in a power system, in particular to a single-phase ground fault line selection method of a system with a neutral point grounded through an arc suppression coil.
Background
The 6-35kV power distribution network in China mainly adopts a low-current grounding mode. More than 80% of faults in the small current grounding system are single-phase grounding faults, but the field line selection problem is not completely solved.
Through years of research, various different line selection principles are proposed, various practical devices are put into operation, and certain application effects are achieved. At present, the line selection principle mainly comprises 4 types: 1) on the basis of a line selection principle of fault steady-state characteristics, a criterion is formed by using the amplitude and phase relation of zero-sequence current and voltage, and the criterion characteristic quantity is small; 2) based on the line selection principle of fault transient characteristics, the fault transient is many times larger than the steady state quantity, but the fault transient has the defect that the fault data is difficult to acquire due to short existing time of the fault transient; 3) based on the line selection principle of an external criterion signal, the principle opens up a new way of the line selection principle of the small current ground fault, represented by an S injection method, and because a special alternating current signal is injected from the secondary side of a bus PT to a fault phase, the injected criterion signal is weak due to the limitation of the bus PT capacity; 4) the comprehensive line selection criterion based on the information fusion theory is applied to various line selection criteria in the 1) and 2) principles, but the characteristic quantity difference between a fault line and a non-fault line criterion is not obvious during high-transition resistance fault, the line selection accuracy is low, and even the fault line cannot be selected. Therefore, in many cases, the traditional pulling method is still used for searching the fault line.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a single-phase earth fault line selection method of a system with a neutral point earthed through an arc suppression coil, which adopts a method for searching an earth fault line specified by an electrical accident handling rule to determine an earth fault bus system by adopting bus splitting. When a single-phase earth fault of a system with a neutral point grounded through an arc suppression coil occurs, the method controls the breaker to be disconnected through a measurement and control device to realize bus splitting operation, Mi is defined as the fifth harmonic amplitude of zero-sequence current of the ith line multiplied by the power frequency zero-sequence voltage amplitude, and then the variable quantity of Mi before and after bus splitting is utilized to form a line selection criterion, so that fault line selection is realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A single-phase earth fault line selection method for a system with a neutral point earthed through an arc suppression coil, wherein the arc suppression coil is positionedWhen the under-compensation working state is realized, the change condition of each electrical quantity of the system before and after the busbar splitting is consistent with that of the neutral point ungrounded system; it is characterized in that: when the arc suppression coil is in an overcompensation working state, definingM i Is as followsiMultiplying the five-harmonic amplitude of the zero-sequence current of the strip line by the power frequency zero-sequence voltage amplitude, and setting the feed-out lines before and after the bus divisionM i The variable quantity of (A) is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is as followsiBefore the bus of the strip line is arrangedM i After being separated from the bus
A difference of (d);
the bus fault criterion is as follows:
the line fault line selection criterion is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is as followsjBefore the bus of the strip line is arrangedM j After being separated from the bus
A difference of (d);
the bus is a single bus sectional system, a bus sectional switch adopts a circuit breaker, the circuit breaker is connected with a measurement and control device, the measurement and control device is connected with a voltage transformer, and the voltage transformer is connected with the bus; the measurement and control device detects whether a neutral point in an overcompensation working state has a single-phase grounding fault through an arc suppression coil grounding system or not, and the bus splitting operation is achieved by controlling the breaker to be switched off.
The measurement and control device consists of a three-phase voltage and zero-sequence voltage acquisition module, a breaker switch driving module, a man-machine conversation module and a CPU, and is used for monitoring the three-phase voltage and the zero-sequence voltage of a neutral point in an overcompensation working state and an arc suppression coil grounding system to judge whether the system has a single-phase grounding fault or not so as to control the action of the breaker; the three-phase voltage and zero sequence voltage acquisition module consists of a voltage transmitter, an RC low-pass filter, a preprocessing circuit consisting of an operational amplifier and an A/D conversion circuit; the circuit breaker switch driving module consists of a relay driving circuit and a control relay; the man-machine conversation module consists of a key and a liquid crystal display module; the CPU is composed of an STC12C5A60S2 singlechip, and mainly realizes the functions of judging whether a neutral point in an overcompensation working state has a single-phase earth fault through an arc suppression coil earth system or not according to three-phase voltage and zero-sequence voltage, sending a switch disconnection instruction to a breaker switch driving module when the single-phase earth fault occurs, selecting a fault line and realizing man-machine conversation.
When the system has a single-phase earth fault that the arc suppression coil is in an overcompensation working state, before the buses are separated, the zero-sequence voltage of the system is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
，
the current flows to the grounding point before the bus is split,
is a phase before failureThe voltage is applied to the surface of the substrate,
is the angular frequency of the power frequency,L qis the equivalent inductance of the arc suppression coil before the bus is separated,R gis a transition resistance;
after the buses are separated into columns, the zero-sequence voltage of the system is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
，
the current of the grounding point is obtained after the bus is split,
the equivalent inductance of the arc suppression coil after the bus is divided into columns;
according to analysis, the amplitude of the zero sequence voltage of the system is increased before and after the bus is split, and the increase amount can be expressed as
。
When the system has single-phase earth fault when the arc suppression coil is in an overcompensation working state, the buses are arranged in a non-fault line I before being splitM IComprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
five harmonics of zero sequence current at the beginning of a non-fault line I before bus splitting,
is the zero-sequence current fifth harmonic angular frequency,
is the capacitance per phase to ground of the non-faulted line I;
after the bus is separated into columns, in the non-fault line I
Comprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
five harmonics of zero-sequence current at the starting end of the non-fault line I after the bus is divided into columns;
writable non-fault line I initial end before and after bus splitting
And simplifying:
i.e. after splitting of the bus, not in the faulty line
Is increased.
When the system has single-phase earth fault when the arc suppression coil is in an overcompensation working state, the buses are separated in the fault line II before being arrangedM ⅡComprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the fifth harmonic of the zero sequence current at the initial end of the fault line II,C 0Ⅱto failThe capacitance per phase of the line II is relative to the ground;
in faulty line II after splitting of the bus
Comprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
fifth harmonic of zero sequence current at the initial end of the fault line II;
writable starting end of fault line II before and after bus splitting
And simplifying:
i.e. in faulty line after splitting of bus
And decreases.
The circuit breaker is a bus section switch, and when a neutral point in an overcompensation working state generates a single-phase grounding fault through an arc suppression coil grounding system, the circuit breaker is controlled to be switched off by a measurement and control device, so that bus separation operation is realized; then the bus is respectively fed out before and after being arranged in rowsM i The line selection criterion formed by the variable quantity is used for fault line selection, and the breaker is restored to a closed state after the line selection is finished.
A single-phase earth fault line selection method of a system with a neutral point earthed through an arc suppression coil comprises the following steps,
1) when the neutral point under the overcompensation working state normally runs through the arc suppression coil grounding system, the measurement and control device monitors the three-phase voltage and the zero-sequence voltage of the system in real time and judges whether the system has a single-phase grounding fault or not;
2) when no single-phase earth fault occurs, repeating the step 1); when the system has a single-phase earth fault that the arc suppression coil is in an overcompensation working state, the measurement and control device controls the breaker to be disconnected, then the fault line is selected, and after the line selection is finished, the breaker is closed;
3) continuously monitoring the bus voltage and the zero sequence voltage of the system, and judging whether the single-phase earth fault is removed;
4) if the fault is not removed, continuing to perform the operation of the step 3);
5) and if the fault is relieved, returning to the step 1) to carry out the operation again.
The working process of the invention is as follows: for a system in which a neutral point in an overcompensation working state is grounded through an arc suppression coil during operation, a measurement and control device monitors three-phase voltage and zero-sequence voltage of the system in real time and judges whether the system has a single-phase grounding fault or not in real time. When the system normally operates, the circuit breaker is in a closed state; when the system has a single-phase earth fault that the arc suppression coil is in an overcompensation working state, the measurement and control device controls the breaker to be disconnected, bus splitting operation is achieved, then line selection criteria are formed according to the variable quantity of Mi before and after bus splitting, fault line selection is conducted, and after line selection is finished, the breaker is restored to a closed state.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the invention carries out fault line selection according to the operation regulation of the ground fault line specified by the electric accident handling regulation, and the theoretical basis is sufficient; (2) when a fault occurs, the measurement and control device is used for controlling the breaker to be disconnected, then fault line selection is carried out according to the characteristics of the system, extra equipment does not need to be added, and the fault line selection method is easy to realize.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of the measurement and control device.
Fig. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the system shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a simulation model of a single-phase earth fault of a neutral point arc suppression coil grounding system in an overcompensation working state.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing the variation of each line Mi.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
The bus line monitoring system comprises a bus 1, a bus I section, a bus segmented circuit breaker 2, a measurement and control device 3, a three-phase voltage and zero-sequence voltage acquisition module 4, a circuit breaker switch driving module 5, a man-machine conversation module 6, a CPU (central processing unit), a voltage transformer 8 and a line connected with a bus II section, wherein the bus I section is connected with the bus 2, the bus segmented circuit breaker 3 is connected with the measurement and control device, and the line connected.
Detailed Description
In fig. 1, a busbar section breaker 2 is connected to each phase of a protected neutral point in the overcompensation operating state via a busbar 1 of the arc suppression coil grounding system. The measurement and control device 3 is used for monitoring whether a neutral point goes through an arc suppression coil grounding system to generate a single-phase grounding fault or not, so that the action of the circuit breaker 2 is controlled, as shown in fig. 2. The measurement and control device 3 consists of a three-phase voltage and zero-sequence voltage acquisition module 4, a breaker switch driving module 5, a man-machine conversation module 6 and a CPU 7, and is used for monitoring the three-phase voltage and the zero-sequence voltage of a neutral point grounding system through an arc suppression coil in an overcompensation working state in real time and judging whether the system has a single-phase grounding fault or not so as to control the action of the breaker 2; the three-phase voltage and zero sequence voltage acquisition module 4 consists of a voltage transmitter, an RC low-pass filter, a preprocessing circuit consisting of an operational amplifier and an A/D conversion circuit; the breaker switch driving module 5 consists of a relay driving circuit and a control relay; the man-machine conversation module 6 consists of a key and a liquid crystal display module; the CPU 7 is composed of an STC12C5A60S2 single chip microcomputer, and mainly judges whether a single-phase earth fault occurs when the arc suppression coil is in an overcompensation working state or not according to the three-phase voltage and the zero-sequence voltage, and sends a switch disconnection instruction to the breaker switch driving module 5 when the single-phase earth fault occurs, and has the functions of selecting a fault line, man-machine conversation and the like. The measurement and control device 3 is further connected with a voltage transformer 8, and one end of the voltage transformer 8 is connected with the bus 1.
When the arc suppression coil is in an overcompensation working state, definingM i Is as followsiMultiplying the five-harmonic amplitude of the zero-sequence current of the strip line by the power frequency zero-sequence voltage amplitude, and setting the feed-out lines before and after the bus divisionM i The variable quantity of (A) is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is as followsiBefore the bus of the strip line is arrangedM i After being separated from the bus
A difference of (d);
the bus fault criterion is as follows:
the line fault line selection criterion is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is as followsjBefore the bus of the strip line is arrangedM j After being separated from the bus
A difference of (d);
and performing fault line selection by taking the fault line as a criterion.
As can be obtained from the analysis of the system equivalent circuit shown in fig. 3, when the system has a single-phase earth fault in which the arc suppression coil is in an overcompensation working state, the zero-sequence voltage of the system is as follows before the buses are split:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
，
the current flows to the grounding point before the bus is split,
is the phase voltage before the fault,
is the angular frequency of the power frequency,L qis the equivalent inductance of the arc suppression coil before the bus is separated,R gis a transition resistance;
after the buses are separated into columns, the zero-sequence voltage of the system is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
，
the current of the grounding point is obtained after the bus is split,
the equivalent inductance of the arc suppression coil after the bus is divided into columns;
according to analysis, the amplitude of the zero sequence voltage of the system is increased before and after the bus is split, and the increase amount can be expressed as
。
When the system has single-phase earth fault when the arc suppression coil is in an overcompensation working state, the buses are arranged in a non-fault line I before being splitM IComprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
five harmonics of zero sequence current at the beginning of a non-fault line I before bus splitting,
is the zero-sequence current fifth harmonic angular frequency,
is the capacitance per phase to ground of the non-faulted line I;
after the bus is separated into columns, in the non-fault line I
Comprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
five harmonics of zero-sequence current at the starting end of the non-fault line I after the bus is divided into columns;
writable non-fault line I initial end before and after bus splitting
And simplifying:
i.e. after splitting of the bus, not in the faulty line
Is increased.
When the system has single-phase earth fault when the arc suppression coil is in an overcompensation working state, the buses are separated in the fault line II before being arrangedM ⅡComprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the fifth harmonic of the zero sequence current at the initial end of the fault line II,C 0Ⅱthe capacitance of each phase to ground of the fault line II;
in faulty line II after splitting of the bus
Comprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
fifth harmonic of zero sequence current at the initial end of the fault line II;
writable starting end of fault line II before and after bus splitting
And simplifying:
i.e. in faulty line after splitting of bus
And decreases.
The circuit breaker is a bus section switch, and when a neutral point in an overcompensation working state generates a single-phase grounding fault through an arc suppression coil grounding system, the circuit breaker is controlled to be switched off by a measurement and control device, so that bus separation operation is realized; then the bus is respectively fed out before and after being arranged in rowsM i The line selection criterion formed by the variable quantity is used for fault line selection, and the breaker is restored to a closed state after the line selection is finished.
A single-phase earth fault line selection method of a system with a neutral point earthed through an arc suppression coil comprises the following steps,
1) when the neutral point under the overcompensation working state normally runs through the arc suppression coil grounding system, the measurement and control device monitors the three-phase voltage and the zero-sequence voltage of the system in real time and judges whether the system has a single-phase grounding fault or not;
2) when no single-phase earth fault occurs, repeating the step 1); when the system has a single-phase earth fault that the arc suppression coil is in an overcompensation working state, the measurement and control device controls the breaker to be disconnected, then the fault line is selected, and after the line selection is finished, the breaker is closed;
3) continuously monitoring the bus voltage and the zero sequence voltage of the system, and judging whether the single-phase earth fault is removed;
4) if the fault is not removed, continuing to perform the operation of the step 3);
5) and if the fault is relieved, returning to the step 1) to carry out the operation again.
In fig. 1, it is assumed that a single-phase earth fault occurs in phase C of line ii. When a fault occurs, the measurement and control device 2 disconnects the circuit breaker 2, a line 9 carried by the second section of bus is cut off from a fault system, and then line selection criteria are formed according to the variable quantity of Mi before and after the bus is split to perform fault line selection.
Claims (7)
1. A neutral point is through the single-phase earth fault route selection method of the arc suppression coil grounding system, its arc suppression coil is in under-compensating the working condition, the change situation of every electric quantity of the system is identical with neutral point ungrounded system before and after the busbar is divided; it is characterized in that: when the arc suppression coil is in an overcompensation working state, definingM i Is as followsiMultiplying the five-harmonic amplitude of the zero-sequence current of the strip line by the power frequency zero-sequence voltage amplitude, and setting the feed-out lines before and after the bus divisionM i The variable quantity of (A) is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is as followsiBefore the bus of the strip line is arrangedM i After being separated from the bus
A difference of (d);
the bus fault criterion is as follows:
the line fault line selection criterion is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is as followsjBefore the bus of the strip line is arrangedM j After being separated from the bus
A difference of (d);
the bus is a single bus sectional system, a bus sectional switch adopts a circuit breaker, the circuit breaker is connected with a measurement and control device, the measurement and control device is connected with a voltage transformer, and the voltage transformer is connected with the bus; the measurement and control device detects whether a neutral point in an overcompensation working state has a single-phase grounding fault through an arc suppression coil grounding system or not, and the bus splitting operation is achieved by controlling the breaker to be switched off.
2. The method for selecting the single-phase earth fault of the neutral point arc suppression coil grounding system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the measurement and control device consists of a three-phase voltage and zero-sequence voltage acquisition module, a breaker switch driving module, a man-machine conversation module and a CPU, and is used for monitoring the three-phase voltage and the zero-sequence voltage of a neutral point in an overcompensation working state and an arc suppression coil grounding system to judge whether the system has a single-phase grounding fault or not so as to control the action of the breaker; the three-phase voltage and zero sequence voltage acquisition module consists of a voltage transmitter, an RC low-pass filter, a preprocessing circuit consisting of an operational amplifier and an A/D conversion circuit; the circuit breaker switch driving module consists of a relay driving circuit and a control relay; the man-machine conversation module consists of a key and a liquid crystal display module; the CPU is composed of an STC12C5A60S2 singlechip, and mainly realizes the functions of judging whether a neutral point in an overcompensation working state has a single-phase earth fault through an arc suppression coil earth system or not according to three-phase voltage and zero-sequence voltage, sending a switch disconnection instruction to a breaker switch driving module when the single-phase earth fault occurs, selecting a fault line and realizing man-machine conversation.
3. The method for selecting the single-phase earth fault of the neutral point arc suppression coil grounding system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: when the system has a single-phase earth fault that the arc suppression coil is in an overcompensation working state, before the buses are separated, the zero-sequence voltage of the system is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
，
the current flows to the grounding point before the bus is split,
is the phase voltage before the fault,
is the angular frequency of the power frequency,L qis the equivalent inductance of the arc suppression coil before the bus is separated,R gis a transition resistance;
after the buses are separated into columns, the zero-sequence voltage of the system is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
，
the current of the grounding point is obtained after the bus is split,
the equivalent inductance of the arc suppression coil after the bus is divided into columns;
according to analysis, the amplitude of the zero sequence voltage of the system is increased before and after the bus is split, and the increase amount can be expressed as
。
4. The method for selecting the single-phase earth fault of the neutral point arc suppression coil grounding system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: when the system has single-phase earth fault when the arc suppression coil is in an overcompensation working state, the buses are arranged in a non-fault line I before being splitM IComprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
five harmonics of zero sequence current at the beginning of a non-fault line I before bus splitting,
is the zero-sequence current fifth harmonic angular frequency,
per phase earth ground for non-faulty line IC, holding;
after the bus is separated into columns, in the non-fault line I
Comprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
five harmonics of zero-sequence current at the starting end of the non-fault line I after the bus is divided into columns;
writable non-fault line I initial end before and after bus splitting
And simplifying:
i.e. after splitting of the bus, not in the faulty line
Is increased.
5. The method for selecting the single-phase earth fault of the neutral point arc suppression coil grounding system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: when the system has single-phase earth fault when the arc suppression coil is in an overcompensation working state, the buses are separated in the fault line II before being arrangedM ⅡComprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the fifth harmonic of the zero sequence current at the initial end of the fault line II,C 0Ⅱfor each phase of fault line IIA capacitor;
in faulty line II after splitting of the bus
Comprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
fifth harmonic of zero sequence current at the initial end of the fault line II;
writable starting end of fault line II before and after bus splitting
And simplifying:
i.e. in faulty line after splitting of bus
And decreases.
6. The method for selecting the single-phase earth fault of the neutral point arc suppression coil grounding system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the circuit breaker is a bus section switch, and when a neutral point in an overcompensation working state generates a single-phase grounding fault through an arc suppression coil grounding system, the circuit breaker is controlled to be switched off by a measurement and control device, so that bus separation operation is realized; then the bus is respectively fed out before and after being arranged in rowsM i The line selection criterion formed by the variable quantity is used for fault line selection, and the breaker is restored to a closed state after the line selection is finished.
7. The method for selecting the single-phase earth fault of the neutral point arc suppression coil grounding system according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
1) when the neutral point under the overcompensation working state normally runs through the arc suppression coil grounding system, the measurement and control device monitors the three-phase voltage and the zero-sequence voltage of the system in real time and judges whether the system has a single-phase grounding fault or not;
2) when no single-phase earth fault occurs, repeating the step 1); when the system has a single-phase earth fault that the arc suppression coil is in an overcompensation working state, the measurement and control device controls the breaker to be disconnected, then the fault line is selected, and after the line selection is finished, the breaker is closed;
3) continuously monitoring the bus voltage and the zero sequence voltage of the system, and judging whether the single-phase earth fault is removed;
4) if the fault is not removed, continuing to perform the operation of the step 3);
5) and if the fault is relieved, returning to the step 1) to carry out the operation again.
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