CN109633273A - One kind being used for open-cell load impedance test macro and its method - Google Patents
One kind being used for open-cell load impedance test macro and its method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
- G01R1/02—General constructional details
- G01R1/04—Housings; Supporting members; Arrangements of terminals
- G01R1/0408—Test fixtures or contact fields; Connectors or connecting adaptors; Test clips; Test sockets
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/005—Calibrating; Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden" references
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Abstract
The invention discloses one kind to be used for open-cell load impedance test macro and its method, the system includes: vector network analyzer and interface switching device, vector network analyzer is connected by connection cables with interface switching device, and interface switching device is connected to open-cell load to be measured；Wherein interface switching device includes coaxial line coupling part, metal probe part, and the transitional region being set between coaxial line coupling part and metal probe part, and metal probe part is equipped with the first metal probe and the second metal probe；First metal probe one end is connected to open-cell load, and the other end is connected to the inner core of coaxial line coupling part；Second metal probe one end is connected to open-cell load, and the other end is connected to the metal outer wall of coaxial line coupling part.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to testing impedance fields, in particular to a kind of to be used for open-cell load impedance test macro and its side
Method.
Background technique
Electronic apparatus system impedance operator is the important parameter of circuit system, is related to circuit load capacity, Circuit Matching
Important input parameter in characteristic, circuit power consumption characteristic etc. and circuit simulation design process.For electronic apparatus system impedance
The measurement of characteristic, relevant document and patent have carried out more deep analysis and research, and measuring circuit impedance includes: cable spy
Property impedance, differential impedance, surface impedance, microstripline impedance etc., and form the test system of different function, different structure feature
System.Typical test method includes testing circuit transmission reflection characteristic based on vector network analyzer to obtain impedance value, use
The mode of measurement voltage and current obtains the impedance operator of circuit, using the resistance for obtaining circuit under test with preferred circuit impedance contrast
Anti- characteristic etc., these method application ranges are different, have respective superiority and inferiority.
A kind of " impedance detecting method " patent (publication number: CN1967269) of Huawei Tech Co., Ltd, discloses one kind
Impedance detecting method based on sample resistance, each sampling channel carry out voltage tester to same test signal, obtain each test
Difference parameter between channel.Test sample resistance and testing resistance respectively again, according to channel difference parameter, test voltage value,
The ratio between the corresponding voltage true value of each voltage tester value is obtained, and the impedance computation for bringing the ratio into tested impedance is public
Formula obtains impedance value.The invention avoids influence of the intrinsic difference of sampling channel to test result, has higher measuring accuracy；
" E1 interface impedance testing device and system " patent (publication number: CN102253288A) of Technology Co., Ltd., Maipu COMM, mentions
The technology to data communications equipment E1 interface impedance test is gone out, has mainly included peak detection unit, window detection unit, logic
Circuit unit and display unit are suitable for E1 style interface testing impedance, E1 interface impedance testing efficiency can be improved, and drop
Low cost；" impedance test device " patent (publication number: CN105938160A) of Nanjing Xie Chen Electronic Science and Technology Co., Ltd., mentions
A kind of novel impedance test device, including switching installing mechanism, test probe etc. are gone out.Probe is that grounded probe or signal are visited
Needle, be installed on switching installing mechanism on, and partly or entirely the probe by switching installing mechanism driving, can test position with
Switch between non-test position.The impedance test device is non-selected, it can be achieved that when carrying out testing impedance using selected two probes
Probe far from circuit board under test and then avoid elsewhere contacting with circuit board under test, interference will not be generated to test, protected
The accuracy of test result is demonstrate,proved, while preventing from causing short circuit and damaging measuring instrument.
Document about testing impedance is relatively fewer.The paper of 2017 " research and research and development " be " vector network analyzer
Time-frequency domain impedance measurement technique " in, researcher using vector network analyzer frequency domain and when domain-functionalities, while to transmission line
Characteristic especially impedance operator is assessed, and provides a kind of new method for transmission line test.Researcher is from vector network
Analyzer testing impedance principle is set out, by comparison lattice gauge open circuit calibration and the compensated Smith circle diagram measurement result in port,
Impedance and phase format measurement result illustrate the impedance information that 3 kinds of lattice gauge frequency domain measurement formats are stated；Utilize vector network
Analyzer time domain mapping function assesses transmission line from time domain, can obtain transmission line impedance discontinuity point and each position
Impedance information.
In the research paper " pcb board characteristic impedance Study on Test Method " of Xian Electronics Science and Technology University in 2013, people is studied
Member studies the test method of pcb board characteristic impedance, from the basic conception and characteristic of transmission line theory and characteristic impedance,
It is discussed to common characteristic impedance testing standard, test method and test equipment.Simultaneously for TDR (domain reflectometer)
Basic principle, resolution ratio, the precision of TDR equipment and the calibration method of measurement characteristic impedance have made intensive studies.And reference
IPC-TM-650 standard gives the basic operational steps and emulation mode measured using TDR equipment to characteristic impedance.It is right
Pcb board characteristic impedance test job in the future gives theoretical direction and practical reference.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide one kind to be used for open-cell load impedance test macro and its method, negative for open-cell
It is difficult to carry testing impedance bring, devises a kind of interface reforming unit, for connecting open-cell load and vector network analysis
Instrument, and TWO-PORT NETWORK THEORY, testing standard impedance and interface reforming unit to be measured are combined, it is connect using error compensation algorithm
Mouth reforming unit interference is eliminated, final to obtain open-cell load impedance characteristic.
In order to achieve the goal above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
One kind being used for open-cell load impedance test macro, its main feature is that, comprising: vector network analyzer and interface conversion
Device, the vector network analyzer are connected by connection cables with interface switching device, and the interface switching device connects
It is connected to open-cell load to be measured；
Wherein the interface switching device includes coaxial line coupling part, metal probe part, and is set to coaxial line
Transitional region between coupling part and metal probe part, the metal probe part are equipped with the first metal probe and second
Metal probe；
The first described metal probe one end is connected to open-cell load, and the other end is connected to the interior of coaxial line coupling part
Core；
The second described metal probe one end is connected to open-cell load, and the other end is connected to the gold of coaxial line coupling part
Belong to outer wall.
The coaxial line coupling part is cylindrical type interface comprising a cylinder and the core for being set to cylindrical inside center
Line, the filled media between core wire and cylinder.
The spacing of first metal probe and the second metal probe is that open-cell loads distance between positive and negative interface.
The interface of the coaxial line coupling part is SMA type interface.
The transitional region is cuboid.
It is a kind of to utilize the above-mentioned impedance detecting method for open-cell load impedance test macro, comprising:
Calibration impedance test macro eliminates the error of vector network analyzer and connection cables；
The measurement error that interface reforming unit introduces is eliminated, the transferred-impedance matrix of interface switching device is obtained；
Carry out the test of open-cell load impedance, the impedance value of open-cell load is obtained by vector network analyzer, passes through
Transferred-impedance matrix carries out error concealment, obtains the impedance operator of open-cell load.
The measurement error eliminating interface reforming unit and introducing, obtains the transferred-impedance matrix packet of interface switching device
It includes:
According to the physical size of coaxial line coupling part and metal probe part, calculates and obtain the transfer of coaxial line coupling part
Impedance matrix A and metal probe part transfer impedance matrix B, transitional region transfer impedance matrix C are substituted using unknown number；
First normal impedance of the known accurate impedance value of selection, substitutes the open-cell load impedance in impedance test system,
So that first normal impedance is connected with interface switching device, measurement impedance value is read in vector network analyzer；
The first normal impedance for measuring two different resistance values respectively, obtains two groups of test values；
It is solved by matrix inversion operation and quaternary linear function group, obtains the unknown of transitional region transfer impedance matrix C
Number；
On the basis of having solved transitional region transfer impedance matrix C, coaxial line coupling part transfger impedance square can get
Battle array A, metal probe part transfer impedance matrix B and transitional region transfer impedance matrix C, to obtain entire interface reforming unit
Transferred-impedance matrix T.
The described measurement error eliminating interface reforming unit and introducing, after the transferred-impedance matrix for obtaining interface switching device
Further include:
Second normal impedance of the known accurate impedance value of selection, substitutes the open-cell load impedance in impedance test system,
Carry out test verifying, verifying solves the accuracy of obtained transferred-impedance matrix T.
The interface reforming unit impedance matrix are as follows:
T=A*C*B.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the advantage that
It is difficult for open-cell load impedance test bring, a kind of interface reforming unit is devised, for connecting aperture
Formula load and vector network analyzer, and TWO-PORT NETWORK THEORY, testing standard impedance and interface reforming unit to be measured are combined, it adopts
The interference of interface reforming unit is carried out with error compensation algorithm to eliminate, it is final to obtain open-cell load impedance characteristic.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of open-cell load；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of interface reforming unit；
Fig. 3 is the structure chart for open-cell load impedance test macro；
Fig. 4 is test error elimination algorithm flow chart.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated by the way that a preferable specific embodiment is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.
Open-cell is loaded, interface is two certain distance round holes, as shown in Figure 1.The interface is not typical
Connection type can not include that BNC type, N-type, SMA type interface are connect with the standard interface used in Impedance measurement, it is therefore desirable to establish
The reforming unit of the interface and standard interface.Impedance measurement generallys use vector network analyzer as test equipment, vector net
The usual interface type of network analyzer is SMA type, and SMA type interface can not load that be directly connected to bring testing impedance tired with open-cell
It is difficult.
As shown in Figure 2,3, a kind of to be used for open-cell load impedance test macro, comprising: vector network analyzer 1 and interface
Conversion equipment 2, the vector network analyzer 1 are connected by connection cables 3 with interface switching device 2, and the interface turns
Changing device 2 is connected to open-cell load 4 to be measured；Wherein the interface switching device 2 includes coaxial line coupling part 21, gold
Belong to probe portion 22, and the transitional region 23 being set between coaxial line coupling part and metal probe part, the metal
Probe portion 22 is equipped with two parallel the first metal probes 221 and the second metal probe 222；The first described metal probe one end
It is connected to open-cell load, the other end is connected to the inner core of coaxial line coupling part 21；The second described metal probe one end connects
It is connected to open-cell load, the other end is connected to the metal outer wall (ground) of coaxial line coupling part 21, the coaxial line interconnecting piece
Points 21 be cylindrical type interface comprising a cylinder 211 and the core wire 212 for being set to cylindrical inside center, core wire and cylinder it
Between filled media 213, the interface of coaxial line coupling part is SMA type interface.
SMA mouthfuls of coaxial line coupling parts are by the filled media between cylindrical metal outer wall, metal inside and outer wall inner core
Composition.The SMA mouthfuls of long l in coaxial line coupling part1For 33.2mm, diameter d1For 4.6mm, Copper fabrication is plated with aluminium material surface；Metal inside
Long l1For 33.2mm, diameter d2For 1.26mm, aluminium material surface plates Copper fabrication, and internal filled media is polyethylene, and opposite dielectric is normal
Number is 2.25；Two parallel metal probe portions, long l2For 57.3mm, spacing l4For 8.19mm, for open-cell load positive and negative interface it
Between distance, diameter d3For 1.08mm, it is processed into using copper wire；The long g of cuboid transitional region is 11mm, and wide w is 7mm, thickness l3
For 1.9mm, aluminium material surface plates Copper fabrication.Interface reforming unit specific structure is as shown in Figure 2.
According to line characteristic impedance Computing Principle, the characteristic impedance of SMA mouthfuls of coaxial line coupling parts by cylindrical metal outside
Wall diameter, inner core diameter and filled media dielectric constant, magnetic conductivity determine that calculating and obtaining its characteristic impedance is 51.8 Ω；Two
The characteristic impedance of parallel metal probe portion determines by two parallel probe spacing, probe diameter and dielectric constant of air, magnetic conductivity,
Calculating and obtaining its characteristic impedance is 326.1 Ω.
The spacing of first metal probe and the second metal probe is that open-cell loads distance between positive and negative interface.
Vector network analyzer has the ability of measuring signal transmitting, has for the measurement of standard interface device larger
Advantage can directly obtain the signal transmission albedo of device under test in the case where calibrating refined condition, can be direct with hop algorithm
Show the wide-band impedance operator of device.
Connection cables also bring along the signal transmission attenuation of a part, therefore need during follow-up test by connecting line
The influence of cable is eliminated, it is ensured that test result it is accurate.
Interface reforming unit is introduced, the influence for test result is presented as interface reforming unit bring measurement error.
In order to eliminate the measurement error of interface reforming unit introducing, need to measure multiple measuring resistance impedances, to carry out error concealment.
Based on Two-port netwerk Microwave Net and transmission line theory, the transmission of electromagnetic energy relationship of interface reforming unit is constructed.
Interface reforming unit mainly includes SMA mouthfuls of coaxial line coupling parts 21, metal probe part 22 and transitional region 23.
SMA mouthfuls of coaxial line coupling parts 21 can be analyzed with transmission line theory, transfer impedance matrix A are as follows:
Wherein, β1For the phase-shift constant of coaxial line coupling part, l1For the length of coaxial line coupling part, Z1For coaxial line
The characteristic impedance of coupling part.
Two parallel metal probe portions are equally analyzed using transmission line theory, transfer impedance matrix are as follows:
Wherein, β2For the phase-shift constant of two parallel metal probes, l2For the length of two parallel metal probes, Z2It is parallel for two
The characteristic impedance of metal probe.
Cuboid transitional region is equally indicated in the form of impedance matrix.Since transitional region is irregular, use
Transmission line theory analysis is inconvenient, therefore its transferred-impedance matrix parameter is set as 4 unknown quantitys, it may be assumed that
The interface reforming unit impedance matrix finally obtained are as follows:
T=A*C*B (4)
The elimination of test error eliminates its influence to entire test result mainly to solve 4 unknown quantitys in C.
For this purpose, utilizing the above-mentioned testing impedance side for open-cell load impedance test macro the present invention also provides known
Method, the method include:
S10, calibration impedance test macro eliminate the error of vector network analyzer and connection cables,；
S20 eliminates the measurement error that interface reforming unit introduces, obtains the transferred-impedance matrix of interface switching device；
S30 carries out the test of open-cell load impedance, the impedance value of open-cell load is obtained by vector network analyzer,
Error concealment is carried out by transferred-impedance matrix, obtains the impedance operator of open-cell load.
Step S10 specifically: the method for calibration is OSL calibration, i.e. open circuit, short circuit and access calibration method.Connection cables
Instrument is eliminated in connected vector Network Analyzer and calibration impedance, the calibration procedure carried by vector network analyzer, expansion calibration
Device and connection cables bring error.
As shown in figure 4, the step S20 includes:
According to the physical size of coaxial line coupling part and metal probe part, calculates and obtain the transfer of coaxial line coupling part
Impedance matrix A and metal probe part transfer impedance matrix B, transitional region transfer impedance matrix C are substituted using unknown number；
First normal impedance of the known accurate impedance value of selection, substitutes the open-cell load impedance in impedance test system,
So that first normal impedance is connected with interface switching device, measurement impedance value is read in vector network analyzer；
The first normal impedance for measuring two different resistance values respectively, obtains two groups of test values；
It is solved by matrix inversion operation and quaternary linear function group, obtains the unknown of transitional region transfer impedance matrix C
Number；
On the basis of having solved transitional region transfer impedance matrix C, coaxial line coupling part transfger impedance square can get
Battle array A, metal probe part transfer impedance matrix B and transitional region transfer impedance matrix C, to obtain entire interface reforming unit
Transferred-impedance matrix T.
The measurement error eliminating interface reforming unit and introducing in a particular embodiment, obtains interface switching device
After transferred-impedance matrix further include:
Second normal impedance of the known accurate impedance value of selection, substitutes the open-cell load impedance in impedance test system,
Carry out test verifying, verifying solves the accuracy of obtained transferred-impedance matrix T.
It is discussed in detail although the contents of the present invention have passed through above preferred embodiment, but it should be appreciated that above-mentioned
Description is not considered as limitation of the present invention.After those skilled in the art have read above content, for of the invention
A variety of modifications and substitutions all will be apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. one kind is used for open-cell load impedance test macro characterized by comprising vector network analyzer and interface conversion
Device, the vector network analyzer are connected by connection cables with interface switching device, and the interface switching device connects
It is connected to open-cell load to be measured；
Wherein the interface switching device includes coaxial line coupling part, metal probe part, is connected with coaxial line is set to
Transitional region between part and metal probe part, the metal probe part are equipped with the first metal probe and the second metal
Probe；
The first described metal probe one end is connected to open-cell load, and the other end is connected to the inner core of coaxial line coupling part；
The second described metal probe one end is connected to open-cell load, and the other end is connected to outside the metal of coaxial line coupling part
Wall.
2. being used for open-cell load impedance test macro as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the coaxial line connection
Part is cylindrical type interface comprising a cylinder and the core wire for being set to cylindrical inside center are filled between core wire and cylinder
Medium.
3. being used for open-cell load impedance test macro as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that first metal is visited
The spacing of needle and the second metal probe is that open-cell loads distance between positive and negative interface.
4. being used for open-cell load impedance test macro as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the coaxial line connection
Partial interface is SMA type interface.
5. being used for open-cell load impedance test macro as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the transitional region is
Cuboid.
6. a kind of utilize such as the described in any item impedance detecting methods for open-cell load impedance test macro of 1-5, spy
Sign is that the method includes:
Calibration impedance test macro eliminates the error of vector network analyzer and connection cables；
The measurement error that interface reforming unit introduces is eliminated, the transferred-impedance matrix of interface switching device is obtained；
Carry out the test of open-cell load impedance, the impedance value of open-cell load is obtained by vector network analyzer, by impedance
Transfer matrix carries out error concealment, obtains the impedance operator of open-cell load.
7. being used for the impedance detecting method of open-cell load impedance test macro as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
The measurement error eliminating interface reforming unit and introducing stated, the transferred-impedance matrix for obtaining interface switching device include:
According to the physical size of coaxial line coupling part and metal probe part, calculates and obtain coaxial line coupling part transfger impedance
Matrix A and metal probe part transfer impedance matrix B, transitional region transfer impedance matrix C are substituted using unknown number；
First normal impedance of the known accurate impedance value of selection, substitutes the open-cell load impedance in impedance test system, so that
First normal impedance is connected with interface switching device, reads measurement impedance value in vector network analyzer；
The first normal impedance for measuring two different resistance values respectively, obtains two groups of test values；
It is solved by matrix inversion operation and quaternary linear function group, obtains the unknown number of transitional region transfer impedance matrix C；
On the basis of having solved transitional region transfer impedance matrix C, available coaxial line coupling part transfer impedance matrix A,
Metal probe part transfer impedance matrix B and transitional region transfer impedance matrix C, to obtain the resistance of entire interface reforming unit
Anti- transfer matrix T.
8. being used for the impedance detecting method of open-cell load impedance test macro as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that institute
The measurement error eliminating interface reforming unit and introducing stated, after the transferred-impedance matrix for obtaining interface switching device further include:
Second normal impedance of the known accurate impedance value of selection, substitutes the open-cell load impedance in impedance test system, carries out
Test verifying, verifying solve the accuracy of obtained transferred-impedance matrix T.
9. being used for the impedance detecting method of open-cell load impedance test macro as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
The interface reforming unit impedance matrix stated are as follows:
T=A*C*B.
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| CN112798863A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-14 | 西北核技术研究所 | A fully enclosed and calibratable magnetic ring impedance measurement fixture and magnetic ring impedance measurement method |
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| CN112798863A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-14 | 西北核技术研究所 | A fully enclosed and calibratable magnetic ring impedance measurement fixture and magnetic ring impedance measurement method |
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