CN109630182A - Unpowered ventilation units and tunnels - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ventilation for mines or tunnels. The provided unpowered ventilation device and tunnel include a ventilation duct and a blower assembly. The ventilation duct is provided with a first tuyere and a second tuyere. The blower assembly includes a rotating fan and a vortex impeller. , the rotating fan is installed in the inner cavity of the ventilation duct, the fan direction of the rotating fan is along the extension direction of the ventilation duct, the vortex impeller is installed outside the ventilation duct, and the rotating fan is connected with the vortex impeller; the vortex impeller is in the ventilation duct. Driven by the airflow, it rotates in one direction, and the rotating fan is driven by the vortex impeller to rotate in one direction. The use of the vortex impeller to rotate with the airflow outside the ventilation duct can ensure that the fan direction of the rotating fan is stable and the gas flow in the ventilation duct is stable; in addition, the blower assembly can transfer the kinetic energy of the airflow in different directions outside the ventilation duct to the rotation. The fan is beneficial to improve the efficiency of the blower assembly and improve the ventilation efficiency in the ventilation duct.

Description

Unpowered ventilation units and tunnels

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of ventilation for mines or tunnels, in particular to an unpowered ventilation device and a tunnel.

Background technique

The air stagnation in the tunnel body will seriously affect the air quality in the inner cavity of the tunnel body, which is detrimental to the health of passers-by, especially for some narrow and long tunnel bodies. The less gas exchange between the air and the atmosphere outside the tunnel body results in a poorer air quality in the inner cavity of the tunnel body.

In order to solve the above problems, various ventilation devices are proposed in the prior art. However, most of the existing ventilation devices rely on external electric power to drive fans to ventilate the tunnel body. In addition, some ventilation devices are not driven by external force, and their ventilation capacity is very weak, which cannot meet the ventilation requirements of the tunnel body.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above problems, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a non-powered ventilation device with good economy and excellent ventilation performance.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the unpowered ventilation device provided by the present invention includes a ventilation duct and a blower assembly, and the ventilation duct is provided with a first air port and a second air port; the blower assembly includes a rotating fan and a vortex impeller, and the rotating fan is installed on the ventilation duct. In the inner cavity of the duct, the fan direction of the rotating fan is along the extension direction of the ventilation duct, the vortex impeller is installed outside the ventilation duct, and the rotating fan is connected with the vortex impeller; the vortex impeller is driven in one direction by the airflow of the ventilation duct. Rotating, the rotating fan rotates in one direction driven by the vortex impeller.

It can be seen from the above that the present invention, through the arrangement and structural design of the unpowered ventilation device, drives and connects the rotating fan provided in the ventilation duct with the vortex impeller provided outside the ventilation duct, so that the vortex impeller flows air outside the ventilation duct. It rotates under the driving of the rotating fan, and then drives the rotating fan to rotate, and the gas in the ventilation duct flows under the rotating fan of the rotating fan, so as to realize the purpose of agitating the gas flow in the ventilation duct without external power; the reason why this technical solution adopts the vortex impeller It is not an ordinary rotary fan because the size and direction of the airflow outside the ventilation duct may be unstable. Ordinary rotating fans sometimes rotate forwards and sometimes reversely, which in turn causes the rotating fans to fan forward and sometimes reverse, which affects the gas exchange between the first air outlet and the second air outlet; therefore, the vortex impeller is used to follow the ventilation. The airflow outside the duct rotates, so that even if the airflow direction outside the ventilation duct is unstable, the vortex impeller can always rotate in the same direction, ensuring that the fan direction of the rotating fan is stable and the gas flow in the ventilation duct is stable; in addition, unless the airflow Blowing to the vortex impeller in the direction parallel to the rotational axis of the vortex impeller, otherwise the airflow blowing to the vortex impeller in any other direction can cause the vortex impeller to rotate in the same direction as long as the strength is sufficient, which also enables the vortex impeller to utilize The airflow with a wider range of directions enables the blower assembly to transfer the kinetic energy of the airflow in different directions outside the ventilation duct to the rotating fan, which is beneficial to improve the efficiency of the blower assembly and the airflow in the ventilation duct.

A preferred solution is that the blower assembly further includes a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is rotatably penetrated on the side wall of the ventilation duct along the extension direction perpendicular to the ventilation duct, and the rotating shaft of the rotating fan is provided with a first bevel gear, One end of the transmission shaft located in the inner cavity of the ventilation duct is provided with a second bevel gear, and the first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear for transmission;

It can be seen from the above that the transmission shaft is rotatably penetrated on the side wall of the ventilation duct along the extension direction perpendicular to the ventilation duct, so that the rotating fan installed in the ventilation duct and the vortex impeller installed outside the ventilation duct can be easily connected by the transmission shaft. drive connection.

Another preferred solution is that the inner wall of the ventilation duct is connected with a bracket arranged along the cross section, the bracket is composed of at least two spokes, and each spoke crosses each other on the center of the cross section of the ventilation duct, and the rotating fan is rotatably installed on each The crossover position of the spokes.

It can be seen from the above that the rotating fan can be installed in the ventilation duct by the spokes crossing the cross section of the ventilation duct, and the rotating fan can be installed in the ventilation duct; The cross position of the rotating fan makes the distance from the rotating fan to the wall of the ventilation duct the same, which is convenient for the installation and use of the rotating fan, and it is also convenient for the use of a larger-sized rotating fan; in addition, the arrangement of the spokes has little effect on the ventilation performance of the ventilation duct.

In another preferred solution, a ventilation protection cover is also included, and the vortex impeller is located in the ventilation protection cover.

It can be seen from the above that since the vortex impeller is located outside the ventilation duct, if the vortex impeller is exposed to the environment outside the ventilation duct, under the influence of the airflow, birds or floating objects may hit the vortex impeller, causing damage to the vortex impeller. Therefore, a ventilation protection cover is provided, and the vortex impeller can be protected from the impact of flying birds or floating objects through the ventilation protection cover.

Another preferred solution is that the unpowered ventilation device further includes a first filter screen, and the first filter screen covers the first air outlet; and/or, the powerless ventilation device further includes a second filter screen, and the second filter screen covers the second air outlet. .

It can be seen from the above that the arrangement of the first filter screen and the second filter screen can effectively prevent large-volume solid debris from entering the ventilation duct through the first air outlet and the second air outlet, and prevent these solid debris from affecting the operation of the rotating fan. , and also to prevent these solid debris from blocking the ventilation ducts.

Another preferred solution is that there are at least two groups of blower assemblies, and each group of blower assemblies is distributed along the extension direction of the ventilation duct, and the blowing directions of the rotating fans are the same along the extension direction of the ventilation duct.

It can be seen from the above that the fan direction of the rotating fans in each group of blower assemblies is the same, so that each rotating fan has a superposition effect on the airflow in the ventilation duct. It is beneficial to improve the ventilation efficiency of the ventilation duct.

In order to solve the above problems, the second purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel with good economy and excellent ventilation performance.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the tunnel provided by the present invention includes a tunnel body and the aforementioned unpowered ventilation device, the ventilation ducts are arranged along the extension direction of the tunnel body, the first air outlet is located outside the tunnel body, and the second air outlet is located in the inner cavity of the tunnel body, The vortex impeller is located in the inner cavity of the tunnel main body, and the rotation axis of the vortex impeller is perpendicular to the extending direction of the tunnel main body.

It can be seen from the above that since the tunnel body is generally a long and narrow space, the closer to the exit of the tunnel body in the narrow and long space of the tunnel body, the more the gas exchanges with the gas outside the tunnel body, and the gas at the position farther from the exit of the tunnel body and The less the gas exchange outside the tunnel body, the worse the gas quality is in the inner cavity of the tunnel body, the farther away from the outlet. Affected by the temperature difference, the traffic flow and the airflow outside the tunnel body, it is easy to form gas flow along the tunnel body in the inner cavity of the tunnel body. However, this airflow is not enough to drive the gas deep in the tunnel body to exchange gas with the atmosphere outside the tunnel body; in the prior art, an external electric drive fan is used to ventilate the tunnel body, which can effectively promote the inner cavity of the tunnel body. The exchange of Chinese and foreign gases can effectively improve the gas quality in the inner cavity of the tunnel body. However, this method consumes a lot of electricity, and long-term use can easily lead to damage to electrical equipment, and the scope of application is limited; therefore, the aforementioned unpowered tunnel body is provided with Ventilation device, the rotary fan is installed in the ventilation duct, the vortex impeller is installed outside the ventilation duct but located in the inner cavity of the tunnel body, and the rotary fan is driven and connected with the vortex impeller, and the vortex impeller is installed in the inner cavity of the tunnel body. The airflow is driven to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating fan to rotate. The rotating fan fans the gas in the ventilation duct to form an airflow, so that the gas in the inner cavity far away from the tunnel body can be exchanged with the gas outside the tunnel body through the ventilation duct, and the vortex impeller's gas is exchanged. The rotation axis is set to be perpendicular to the extension direction of the tunnel body, so that the vortex impeller can better follow the airflow along the extension direction of the tunnel body and rotate, which is convenient to increase the speed of the vortex impeller and the rotating fan, increase the fan speed of the rotating fan, and improve the speed of the rotating fan. The air flow rate in the ventilation duct increases the exchange rate of the gas in and out of the inner cavity of the tunnel body; in addition, the vortex impeller is used to rotate with the airflow outside the ventilation duct, so that even if the airflow direction outside the ventilation duct is unstable, the vortex impeller can always Rotate in the same direction to ensure that the fan direction of the rotating fan is stable, and the gas flow in the ventilation duct is stable; and, unless the airflow is blown to the vortex impeller in the direction parallel to the rotational axis of the vortex impeller, any other direction blows to the vortex impeller. The airflow of the vortex impeller can cause the vortex impeller to rotate in the same direction as long as the strength is sufficient, which also enables the vortex impeller to utilize the airflow in a wider range of directions, so that the blower assembly can transfer the kinetic energy of the airflow in different directions outside the ventilation duct To the rotating fan, it is beneficial to improve the efficiency of the blower assembly and improve the airflow efficiency in the ventilation duct.

A preferred solution is that the fan direction of the rotating fan is from the second tuyere to the first tuyere, the outer side of the first tuyere is provided with a windshield, and a ventilation channel is left between the ventilation duct and the windshield, along the ventilation duct. In the extending direction, the wind deflector covers the first tuyere.

It can be seen from the above that in the present invention, there are mainly two ways to accelerate the exchange of gas in and out of the inner cavity of the tunnel body to achieve the purpose of improving the airflow in the inner cavity of the tunnel body. The gas with poor quality is blown out of the tunnel body. Another way is to blow the fresh air outside the tunnel body into the inner cavity of the tunnel body through the blower assembly; this technical solution uses the poor quality gas in the inner cavity of the tunnel body. The method of bulging out the tunnel body, by restricting the airflow in the ventilation duct to flow in the direction outside the tunnel body, can extract the gas with poor quality in the tunnel body away from the outlet of the tunnel body in real time, and then improve the gas quality in the tunnel body, However, the air flow outside the tunnel body may blow gas into the ventilation duct through the first tuyere, and the gas blown in from the outside of the tunnel body may collide with the gas exported from the inner cavity of the tunnel body, which is not conducive to the interior of the tunnel body. To discharge the gas in the cavity, a windshield is provided, which can prevent the airflow outside the tunnel body from blowing directly to the first air outlet, reduce the influence of the airflow outside the tunnel body on the airflow in the ventilation duct, and facilitate the smooth operation of the unpowered ventilation device. The poor quality gas in the inner cavity of the tunnel body is expelled.

Another preferred solution is that there are at least two second tuyere openings, and each second tuyere opening is located on a side of any rotating fan away from the first tuyere opening.

It can be seen from the above that the at least two second tuyere vents make it possible to ventilate at least two positions in the inner cavity of the tunnel body through the same ventilation duct, which is beneficial to improve the gas quality of at least two positions in the inner cavity of the tunnel body, so that the ventilation duct can be ventilated. The improvement in gas quality throughout the inner cavity of the tunnel body is more uniform.

In order to solve the above problems, the third object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel with good economy and excellent ventilation performance.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the tunnel provided by the present invention includes a tunnel body and at least two sets of the aforementioned unpowered ventilation devices, each ventilation duct is arranged along the extension direction of the tunnel body, and each ventilation duct connects the inner cavity of the tunnel body and the tunnel body. External environment; each vortex impeller is located in the inner cavity of the tunnel main body, and the rotation axis of each vortex impeller is perpendicular to the extension direction of the tunnel main body; in some unpowered ventilation devices, the rotating fan goes from the outside of the tunnel main body to the direction of the inner cavity of the tunnel main body Fan; in another part of the unpowered ventilation device, the rotating fan blows the air from the inner cavity of the tunnel body to the direction outside the tunnel body.

As can be seen from the above, due to the use of the aforementioned unpowered ventilation device, the vortex impeller is used to rotate with the airflow outside the ventilation duct, so that even if the airflow direction outside the ventilation duct is unstable, the vortex impeller can always rotate in the same direction to ensure that the fan rotates. The fan direction is stable, and the gas flow in the ventilation duct is stable; and, unless the airflow blows to the vortex impeller in a direction parallel to the rotational axis of the vortex impeller, the airflow blown to the vortex impeller in any other direction is as long as the intensity It is enough to cause the vortex impeller to rotate in the same direction, which also enables the vortex impeller to utilize the airflow in a wider range of directions, so that the blower assembly can transfer the kinetic energy of the airflow in different directions outside the ventilation duct to the rotating fan, which is beneficial to lift the drum. The efficiency of the wind assembly improves the airflow efficiency in the ventilation duct; in addition, some unpowered ventilation devices extract the poor quality gas in the inner cavity of the tunnel body to the outside of the tunnel body, and another part of the unpowered ventilation device exhausts the air outside the tunnel body. Fresh air is supplemented into the inner cavity of the tunnel body, so that the inner cavity of the tunnel body can not only discharge the gas with poor quality in real time, but also replenish fresh air in real time, so that the gas in the inner cavity of the tunnel body can pass through different ventilation devices Realizing the exchange of gas with the outside of the tunnel body is more conducive to improving the air quality in the inner cavity of the tunnel body.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the unpowered ventilation device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged view of A place in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the top view enlarged view of the vortex impeller in way 1;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the tunnel of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Examples of unpowered ventilators:

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3 , the unpowered ventilation device provided in this embodiment includes a ventilation duct 1 and a blower assembly 2 . The ventilation duct 1 is provided with a first tuyere 101 and a second tuyere 102 ; the blower assembly 2 includes a rotating fan 201 and the vortex impeller 202, the rotary fan 201 is installed in the inner cavity of the ventilation duct 1, the fan direction of the rotary fan 201 is along the extension direction of the ventilation duct 1, the vortex impeller 202 is installed outside the ventilation duct 1, and the rotary fan 201 is connected to the ventilation duct 1. The vortex impeller 202 is connected in a driving manner; the vortex impeller 202 rotates unidirectionally driven by the airflow of the ventilation duct 1 , and the rotary fan 201 rotates unidirectionally driven by the vortex impeller 202 .

By drivingly connecting the rotary fan 201 provided in the ventilation duct 1 with the vortex impeller 202 provided outside the ventilation duct 1, the vortex impeller 202 rotates under the driving of the airflow outside the ventilation duct 1, and then drives the rotary fan 201 to rotate, The gas in the ventilation duct 1 flows under the rotating fan of the rotary fan 201, thereby realizing the purpose of agitating the gas flow in the ventilation duct 1 without external power; the reason why the technical solution adopts the vortex impeller 202 instead of the ordinary rotary fan It is because the direction of the airflow outside the ventilation duct 1 may be unstable. If an ordinary rotating fan is used to rotate with the airflow of the ventilation duct 1, the rotation direction of the ordinary rotating fan may be unstable, so that the ordinary rotating fan is sometimes forward. It rotates and sometimes rotates in the opposite direction, so that the rotating fan 201 is sometimes fanned in the forward direction and sometimes in the reverse direction, which affects the gas exchange between the first tuyere 101 and the second tuyere 102; so that even if the airflow direction outside the ventilation duct 1 is unstable, the vortex impeller 202 can always rotate around the same direction, ensuring the stable fan direction of the rotating fan 201 and the stable gas flow in the ventilation duct 1; in addition, Unless the airflow blows to the vortex impeller 202 in the axial direction of rotation of the vortex impeller 202, the airflow blown to the vortex impeller 202 in any other direction can cause the vortex impeller 202 to rotate in the same direction as long as the strength is sufficient, which also makes the vortex impeller 202 rotate in the same direction. The impeller 202 can utilize the airflow in a wider range of directions, so that the blower assembly 2 can transfer the kinetic energy of the airflow in different directions outside the ventilation duct 1 to the rotating fan 201, which is beneficial to improve the efficiency of the blower assembly 2 and improve the inside of the ventilation duct 1. airflow efficiency.

Please refer to FIG. 3 , the biggest feature of the vortex impeller 202 is that each blade 2021 is convoluted in the same direction during the radial extension process, so that when viewed in the axial direction, the vortex impeller 202 is twisted; and the blades 2021 There is a certain extension in the axial direction, which is easy to accept the impact of the airflow; this causes most of the airflow blown by the scroll impeller 202 to the scroll impeller 202 in the radial direction to flow to the rotation of the scroll impeller 202 under the guidance of the spiral blades 2021 On the same side of the axis, the scroll impeller 202 generates torque due to the unbalanced force on both sides of the rotation axis, which in turn causes the scroll impeller 202 to rotate. Of course, the extension of the blades 2021 of the scroll impeller 202 in the direction of the rotation axis of the scroll impeller 202 may not be parallel to the rotation axis, but the two ends of the blades 2021 along the rotation axis are bent toward the direction of the rotation axis, so that It is beneficial for the swirl impeller 202 to better guide the air flow toward the same side, and it is beneficial for the swirl impeller 202 to better follow the air flow to rotate.

Regarding the fan direction of the rotary fan 201, it is set along the extension direction of the ventilation duct 1. The extension direction of the ventilation duct 1 includes two specific directions, positive and negative, and only the fan direction of the rotary fan 201 needs to be directed toward one of the directions and away from the other. One will do.

It should be pointed out that the fan direction of the rotary fan 201 along the extension direction of the ventilation duct 1 does not mean that the fan direction of the rotary fan 201 needs to be parallel to the extension direction of the ventilation duct 1, but refers to the airflow energy under the fan of the rotary fan 201. Flow along the extension direction of the ventilation duct 1; of course, preferably, the fan direction of the rotary fan 201 is parallel to the extension direction of the ventilation duct 1, that is, the rotation axis of the rotary fan 201 is parallel to the extension direction of the ventilation duct 1. Under the fan, the airflow can flow along the extension direction of the ventilation duct 1 more quickly.

Please refer to FIG. 2 , regarding the transmission connection between the rotating fan 201 of the blower assembly 2 and the vortex impeller 202, it can be set as follows: the blower assembly 2 is additionally provided with a first bevel gear 206, a second bevel gear 207 and a transmission shaft 204, The transmission shaft 204 is rotatably penetrated on the side wall of the ventilation duct 1 along the extending direction perpendicular to the ventilation duct 1 , the first bevel gear 206 is arranged on the rotating shaft 203 of the rotating fan 201 , and the second bevel gear 207 is arranged on the transmission One end of the shaft 204 located in the inner cavity of the ventilation duct 1, the first bevel gear 206 meshes with the second bevel gear 207 for transmission; the end of the transmission shaft 204 located outside the ventilation duct 1 is fixedly or drivingly connected with the scroll impeller 202. The transmission shaft 204 is rotatably penetrated on the side wall of the ventilation duct 1 along the extending direction perpendicular to the ventilation duct 1, so that the rotating fan 201 installed in the ventilation duct 1 and the rotating fan 201 installed outside the ventilation duct 1 can be connected through the transmission shaft 204. The scroll wheel 202 is drivingly connected.

Regarding the installation of the rotary fan 201, a bracket arranged along the cross section can be connected to the inner wall of the ventilation duct 1. The bracket is composed of two spokes 205, and the two spokes 205 cross each other on the center of the cross section of the ventilation duct 1. The rotary fan 201 It is rotatably mounted at the intersection of each spoke 205 . The rotating fan 201 can be installed by the spokes 205 crossing the cross section of the ventilation duct 1, so that the rotating fan 201 can be installed in the ventilation duct 1; It is installed at the cross position of each spoke 205, so that the distance from the rotary fan 201 to the ventilation pipe wall is the same, which is convenient for the installation and use of the rotary fan 201, and it is also convenient for the use of a larger size rotary fan 201; The ventilation performance of duct 1 has little effect. Of course, the number of spokes 205 may be more than two, or less than two.

Preferably, a ventilation protection cover (not shown in the figure) is also included, and the vortex impeller 202 is located in the ventilation protection cover. Since the vortex impeller 202 is located outside the ventilation duct 1, if the vortex impeller 202 is exposed to the environment outside the ventilation duct 1, under the influence of the airflow, birds or floating objects may hit the vortex impeller 202, causing the vortex impeller 202 is damaged; therefore, a ventilation protection cover is provided, and the vortex impeller 202 can be protected from the impact of flying birds or floating objects through the ventilation protection cover.

Please refer to FIG. 1, preferably, the unpowered ventilation device further includes a first filter screen 3, and the first filter screen 3 covers the first air outlet 101; the unpowered ventilation device further includes a second filter screen 4, and the second filter screen 4 covers the Second tuyere 102 . The arrangement of the first filter screen 3 and the second filter screen 4 can effectively prevent large-volume solid debris from entering the ventilation duct 1 through the first air outlet 101 and the second air outlet 102, and prevent these solid debris from affecting the rotating fan 201. It also avoids the blockage of the ventilation duct 1 by these solid debris.

Referring to FIG. 1 , preferably, there are at least two groups of blower assemblies 2 , and each group of blower assemblies 2 is distributed along the extension direction of the ventilation duct 1 , and the direction of the extension of the ventilation duct 1 is the same as that of each rotating fan 201 . The blowing directions of the rotating fans 201 in each group of blower assemblies 2 are the same, so that each rotating fan 201 forms a superposition effect on the airflow in the ventilation duct 1. The more groups of blower assemblies 2 are set, the more conducive to lifting the ventilation duct 1. The flow rate of the internal air flow. It should be noted that the fanning directions of the rotating fans 201 are the same, which does not necessarily mean that the rotating fans 201 fan the air in the same direction, but that the airflow in the ventilation duct 1 is fanned by the rotating fans 201 along the extension of the ventilation duct 1 . flow in the same direction.

Tunnel Example 1:

1 to 4 , the tunnel provided in this embodiment includes a tunnel body and the aforementioned unpowered ventilation device. The ventilation duct 1 is arranged along the extension direction of the tunnel body, the first air outlet 101 is located outside the tunnel body, and the second air outlet 102 is located in In the inner cavity of the tunnel main body, the vortex impeller 202 is located in the inner cavity of the tunnel main body, and the rotation axis of the vortex impeller 202 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the tunnel main body.

Since the tunnel body 6 is generally a long and narrow space, the closer the position in the narrow and long space of the tunnel body 6 is to the outlet of the tunnel body 6, the more the gas is exchanged with the gas outside the tunnel body 6, and the gas is farther from the outlet of the tunnel body 6. The less the exchange with the gas outside the tunnel body 6; the worse the gas quality is in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6 the farther away from the outlet; Affected by the temperature difference, the traffic flow and the airflow outside the tunnel body 6, it is easy to be in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6. An air flow along the extension direction of the tunnel body 6 is formed, but this air flow is not enough to drive the gas in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6 to exchange gas with the atmosphere outside the tunnel body 6; in the prior art, an external electric drive fan is used as the tunnel body 6 Ventilation can effectively promote the exchange of gas in and out of the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6, and can effectively improve the gas quality in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6. However, this method consumes a lot of electricity, and long-term use can easily lead to damage to electrical equipment. The scope is limited; therefore, the aforementioned unpowered ventilation device is provided for the tunnel body 6, the rotating fan 201 is installed in the ventilation duct 1, the vortex impeller 202 is installed outside the ventilation duct 1 but in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6, and the rotating fan 201 is drivingly connected with the vortex impeller 202, and the vortex impeller 202 is driven by the airflow in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6 to rotate, thereby driving the rotary fan 201 to rotate, and the rotary fan 201 fans the gas in the ventilation duct 1 to form an airflow, so as to keep away from the tunnel. The gas in the inner cavity of the body 6 can be exchanged with the gas outside the tunnel body 6 through the ventilation duct 1, and the rotation axis of the vortex impeller 202 is set to be perpendicular to the extending direction of the tunnel body, so that the vortex impeller 202 can be better Following the rotation of the airflow along the extension direction of the tunnel body 6, it is convenient to increase the rotational speed of the vortex impeller 202 and the rotating fan 201, increase the fan speed of the rotating fan 201, increase the airflow rate in the ventilation duct 1, and increase the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6. The exchange rate of gas; in addition, the vortex impeller 202 is used to rotate with the airflow outside the ventilation duct 1, so that even if the airflow direction outside the ventilation duct 1 is unstable, the vortex impeller 202 can always rotate in the same direction to ensure the rotation of the rotating fan 201. The fan direction is stable to ensure that the gas flow in the ventilation duct 1 is stable; and, unless the airflow blows to the vortex impeller 202 along the rotational axial direction of the vortex impeller 202, otherwise the airflow blown to the vortex impeller 202 in any other direction, as long as If the strength is sufficient, the vortex impeller 202 can be rotated in the same direction, which also enables the vortex impeller 202 to utilize the airflow in a wider range of directions, so that the blower assembly 2 can transfer the kinetic energy of the airflow in different directions outside the ventilation duct 1 to the rotating fan. 201 , which is beneficial to improve the efficiency of the blower assembly 2 and improve the airflow efficiency in the ventilation duct 1 .

It should be noted that setting the rotation axis of the scroll impeller 202 to be perpendicular to the extending direction of the tunnel body 6 should not be interpreted as limiting the rotation axis of the scroll impeller 202 to be absolutely perpendicular to the extending direction of the tunnel body 6; The rotation axis of the vortex impeller 202 is set to be perpendicular to the extension direction of the tunnel body 6 because the airflow in the tunnel is mainly along the extension direction of the tunnel, so that the rotation axis of the vortex impeller 202 is perpendicular to the airflow direction in most cases. It is beneficial for the vortex impeller 202 to follow the airflow in the tunnel to rotate better, even if the rotation axis of the vortex impeller 202 is not absolutely perpendicular to the extending direction of the tunnel body 6 , the purpose of the invention can be achieved.

Regarding the position where the unpowered ventilation device is arranged in the tunnel body 6, for the convenience of arrangement, the unpowered ventilation device can be arranged in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6, for example, suspended on the top of the tunnel body 6; of course, the ventilation duct 1 can also be embedded In the entity forming the tunnel body 6, the vortex impeller 202 is placed in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6. For example, the tunnel body 6 is dug under the mountain body, the ventilation duct 1 can be embedded in the mountain body, and the vortex impeller 202 is placed in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6. in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6 .

Preferably, the fan direction of the rotating fan 201 is from the second air outlet 102 to the first air outlet 101, the outer side of the first air outlet 101 is provided with a wind shield 5, and a ventilation channel is left between the ventilation duct 1 and the wind shield 5, Along the extending direction of the ventilation duct 1 , the wind deflector 5 covers the first tuyere 101 . In the present invention, there are mainly two ways to accelerate the exchange of air in and out of the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6 to achieve the purpose of improving the airflow in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6 . The air with poor quality is blown out of the tunnel body 6. Another way is to blow the fresh air outside the tunnel body 6 into the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6 through the blower assembly 2; The way that the gas with the poorer quality is blown out of the tunnel body 6 is to extract the poorer quality gas in the tunnel body 6 away from the outlet of the tunnel body 6 in real time by restricting the airflow in the ventilation duct 1 to flow in the direction outside the tunnel body 6. However, the air flow outside the tunnel body 6 may blow gas into the ventilation duct 1 through the first tuyere 101 , and the gas blown in from the outside of the tunnel body 6 is different from the air flow from the tunnel body 6 . The collision between the gases derived from the inner cavity is not conducive to the discharge of the gas in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6. Therefore, a wind shield 5 is provided. The wind shield 5 can prevent the airflow outside the tunnel body 6 from blowing directly to the first air outlet 101. , reducing the influence of the airflow outside the tunnel body 6 on the airflow in the ventilation duct 1 , which is beneficial to the unpowered ventilation device to smoothly discharge the gas with poor quality in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6 .

Referring to FIG. 4 , preferably, there may be multiple second air outlets 102 , for example, two second air outlets 102 , and each second air outlet 102 is located on the side of any rotating fan 201 away from the first air outlet 101 . The plurality of second tuyere ports 102 make it possible to ventilate multiple positions in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6 through the same ventilation duct 1, which is beneficial to improve the gas quality of the multiple positions in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6, so that the ventilation duct 1 can be used for the tunnel. The improvement in gas quality throughout the interior cavity of the body 6 is more uniform.

Tunnel Example 2:

The tunnel provided in this embodiment includes a tunnel body and at least two sets of the aforementioned unpowered ventilation devices. Each ventilation duct 1 is arranged along the extending direction of the tunnel body, and each ventilation duct 1 communicates between the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6 and the tunnel body 6 . External environment; each vortex impeller 202 is located in the inner cavity of the tunnel main body, and the rotation axis of each vortex impeller 202 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the tunnel main body; in some unpowered ventilation devices, the rotating fan 201 runs from the outside of the tunnel main body to the inside of the tunnel main body. Fan in the direction of the cavity; in another part of the unpowered ventilation device, the rotating fan 201 fans from the inner cavity of the tunnel body to the direction outside the tunnel body. Since the aforementioned unpowered ventilation device is used, the vortex impeller 202 is used to rotate with the airflow outside the ventilation duct 1, so that even if the airflow direction outside the ventilation duct 1 is unstable, the vortex impeller 202 can always rotate in the same direction, ensuring that the fan rotates The fan wind direction of 201 is stable to ensure that the gas flow in the ventilation duct 1 is stable; and, unless the airflow blows to the vortex impeller 202 along the rotational axial direction of the vortex impeller 202, otherwise the airflow blowing to the vortex impeller 202 in any other direction , as long as the strength is sufficient, the vortex impeller 202 can be caused to rotate in the same direction, which also enables the vortex impeller 202 to utilize the airflow in a wider range of directions, so that the blower assembly 2 can transfer the kinetic energy of the airflow in different directions outside the ventilation duct 1 to Rotating the fan 201 is beneficial to improve the efficiency of the blower assembly 2 and the air flow efficiency in the ventilation duct 1; in addition, a part of the unpowered ventilation device extracts the gas of poor quality in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6 to the outside of the tunnel body 6 , and another part of the unpowered ventilation device supplements the fresh air outside the tunnel body 6 into the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6, so that the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6 can not only discharge the gas with poor quality in real time, but also replenish fresh air in real time, The gas in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6 can be exchanged with the gas outside the tunnel body 6 through different ventilation devices, which is more conducive to improving the air quality in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6 .

Of course, the number of unpowered ventilation devices installed on the tunnel body 6 is not limited to two, as long as there is at least one set of unpowered ventilation devices to supply fresh air to the middle of the tunnel body 6, and at least one set of unpowered ventilation devices to supply fresh air to the tunnel body 6 The air with poor quality in the middle part of the tunnel body 6 is extracted to the outside of the tunnel body 6, so that the gas in the middle part of the tunnel body 6 can be exchanged with the air outside the tunnel body 6, and the air quality in the middle part of the tunnel body 6 can be effectively improved.

Of course, the tuyere located in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6 of the unpowered ventilation device is not necessarily located in the middle of the tunnel body 6, and the tuyere located in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6 of the unpowered ventilation device can be located at any position with poor ventilation , so as to improve the air quality of the poorly ventilated positions in the inner cavity of the tunnel body 6 .

The rest of the second embodiment of the tunnel is the same as that of the first embodiment of the tunnel.

Finally, it should be emphasized that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various changes and modifications. Within the scope of the present invention, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. powerless ventilation device, including ventilation shaft, the ventilation shaft is equipped with the first air port and the second air port；

It is characterized by:

The powerless ventilation device further includes blower chamber, and the blower chamber includes rotary fan and swirl inducer, described Rotary fan is installed in the inner cavity of the ventilation shaft, the extension of the pectinid direction of the rotary fan along the ventilation shaft Direction, the swirl inducer are installed on outside the ventilation shaft, and the rotary fan and the swirl inducer are sequentially connected；

Swirl inducer single direction rotation under the drive of the air-flow of the ventilation shaft, the rotary fan is in the vortex leaf Single direction rotation under the drive of wheel.

2. powerless ventilation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:

The blower chamber further includes transmission shaft, the transmission shaft along the extending direction perpendicular to the ventilation shaft rotationally It is arranged on the side wall of the ventilation shaft, the rotary shaft of the rotary fan is equipped with first bevel gear, the transmission shaft One end in the inner cavity of the ventilation shaft is equipped with second bevel gear, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear Engaged transmission；

The one end of the transmission shaft being located at outside the ventilation shaft and the swirl inducer are sequentially connected.

3. powerless ventilation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:

The bracket along cross sectional arrangement is connected on the inner wall of the ventilation shaft, the bracket is made of at least two spokes, Each spoke crosses one another in the cross-section center of the ventilation shaft, and the rotary fan is rotatably mounted in each spoke The crossover location of item.

4. powerless ventilation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:

It further include ventilation protective cover, the swirl inducer is located in the ventilation protective cover.

5. powerless ventilation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:

The powerless ventilation device further includes the first filter screen, and first filter screen covers first air port；And/or

The powerless ventilation device further includes the second filter screen, and second filter screen covers second air port.

6. powerless ventilation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:

The blower chamber is set as at least two groups, and blower chamber described in each group is distributed along the extending direction of the ventilation shaft, edge The pectinid direction of the extending direction of the ventilation shaft, each rotary fan is identical.

7. tunnel, including tunnel main body, it is characterised in that:

It further include such as powerless ventilation device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, the ventilation shaft is along the tunnel main body Extending direction arrangement, first air port is located at outside the tunnel main body, and second air port is located at the tunnel main body In inner cavity, the swirl inducer is located in the inner cavity of the tunnel main body, and the rotation axis of the swirl inducer is perpendicular to described The extending direction of tunnel main body.

8. tunnel according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:

The pectinid direction of the rotary fan is to set on the outside of first air port from second air port to first air port There is wind deflector, there are vent passages between the ventilation shaft and the wind deflector, along the extending direction of the ventilation shaft, institute It states wind deflector and covers first air port.

9. tunnel according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:

Second air port is set as two or more, each second air port be respectively positioned on any rotary fan away from described the The side in one air port.

10. tunnel, including tunnel main body, it is characterised in that:

It further include at least two sets of powerless ventilation devices as described in as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, each ventilation shaft Along the tunnel main body extending direction arrange, each ventilation shaft be connected to the tunnel main body inner cavity and the tunnel The external environment of road main body；Each swirl inducer is located in the inner cavity of the tunnel main body, the rotation of each swirl inducer Extending direction of the axis perpendicular to the tunnel main body；In a part of powerless ventilation device, the rotary fan is from institute State the direction pectinid of the inner cavity of the export-oriented tunnel main body of tunnel main body；It is described in powerless ventilation device described in another part Direction pectinid of the rotary fan from the inner cavity of the tunnel main body to outside the tunnel main body.