A kind of solid carving machine
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of mechanical technique, are related to a kind of solid carving machine of multi-knife-head simultaneous processing, especially a kind of
Multi-knife-head Six-shaft stereo carving machine.
Background technique
The type of solid carving machine is more, but as workpiece becomes increasingly complex, for the engraving of some complex-shaped workpieces
Processing, various adaptable solid carving machines also occur successively.
Patent if Chinese Patent Application No. is 201610157664.8 discloses a kind of five axial plane yaw of bull engraving
Machine comprising pedestal, the column for being separately positioned on pedestal two sides, planar working table and cutter mechanism, cutter mechanism include cutter
Frame, cutter spindle, cutter drives mechanism, toolframe driving mechanism, left plate, right side plate, knife rest crossbeam and intermediate transverse girder, it is intermediate
Crossbeam is fixed on two heel posts, and intermediate transverse girder is equipped with knife rest sliding equipment, and left plate, right side plate are fixed by hanging plate respectively
On the sliding block of the knife rest sliding equipment, knife rest one end of the beam is fixed on left plate inside front, and the other end is fixed on right side
Plate inside front;Settable one or more groups of cutter spindles and cutter drives mechanism, cutter spindle and cutter drives in toolframe
Mechanism quantity is identical and corresponds, and each cutter drives mechanism drives corresponding cutter spindle, and the cutter spindle is logical
Speed reducer I is crossed to be mounted in the toolframe, the motor I is horizontal placed longitudinally in the toolframe, the speed reducer I with
Band connection is synchronized with first between the motor I, cutter spindle can swing in toolframe, and full swing angle is to the left
45 °, full swing angle is 45 ° to the right;The toolframe driving mechanism includes speed reducer II and motor II, motor II with it is described
By the second synchronous band connection between speed reducer II, motor II drives entire toolframe to make swing, forward full swing angle
Degree is 90 °, and full swing angle is 90 ° backward.
This engraving machine is in the workpiece of manufacturing complex shapes, although having multiple cutter spindles on toolframe, in reality
In the process of border or a cutter head process a workpiece, difficulty of processing is very big, secondly toolframe swing and set
The cutter spindle for setting on the tool rack, which swings, is formed by that space swing angle is limited, can be only moved to a certain in space
Point cannot form camber line processing, the workpiece for the complicated shape that cannot be well adapted in processing.
And solve the problems, such as this common way be by the workpiece of complicated shape step by step on different types by more not
With cutter head processed, but do so and will cause the problem of processing efficiency is low, or increase toolframe swing angle and
The swing angle of cutter spindle increases applicable range, but this way only expands the reached spatial dimension of cutter head,
Camber line processing is not can solve
Summary of the invention
There is the above problem in the present invention, propose a kind of solid carving machine in view of the prior art, and the present invention to be solved
The technical issues of be how to improve the processing efficiency of solid carving machine.
The present invention is realized by following technical proposal: a kind of solid carving machine, including rack, is equipped with support on the rack
Translation structure, which is arranged, respectively in the toolframe of platform and strip, supporting table and toolframe between rack makes toolframe relative to support
Platform forms 3 D stereo translation, and the toolframe is equipped with several cutter heads and can carry out by axle center of the bar shaped direction of toolframe
It swings, which is characterized in that elongated workbench is equipped in the supporting table, the workbench is parallel with toolframe
It is arranged and the workbench can be swung using the bar shaped direction of workbench as axle center, is equipped in the upside of workbench with fixed
The workpiece locating mechanism of position workpiece.
Toolframe is capable of forming 3 D stereo translation such as toolframe relative to supporting table and can erect in this solid carving machine
Translated to upper and lower translation and horizontal cross or so, supporting table can horizontal longitudinal anterior-posterior translation or toolframe can it is vertical on
Lower translation, supporting table being capable of horizontal longitudinal anterior-posterior translation and horizontal cross or so translations.On the basis of three axis, toolframe is done
At swing can be carried out by axle center of bar shaped direction, enable cutter head with toolframe together swing, and will
Workbench, which is also made into, carries out swing by axle center of the bar shaped direction of workbench, so that workpiece can after being located in positioning mechanism
Swing makes the swing of toolframe and the swing of workbench form double swinging structures by this structure, and this double pendulum is dynamic
Structure two-piece unit and toolframe and workbench form opposite swing, enable cutter head to workpiece have biggish machining angle and
Fineness is swung, processing Dead Core Problems are eliminated, the workpiece of various complicated shapes can be applicable in, processing efficiency is improved, overcomes logical
The Normal practice that single pendulum dynamic cutter head engraving machine needs different engraving machines to be processed.This solid carving machine can be applied to
In the processing such as timber, building stones, metal, plastics.
Here swing is to refer to positive and negative Double-directional rotary and often unidirectionally carried out with the angle less than 360 degree when rotating
Once, and toolframe can 360 degree of rotations, but can be carried out in the way of swing in actual use.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, several cutter heads are spaced setting on the tool rack, and adjacent cutter head is at least
There are two different directions.The cutter head of different directions forms one group of cutter head group, for carving the same workpiece, these graver groups
There are several groups and be arranged successively on the tool rack, the quantity of graver group is generally determined according to the number of positioning mechanism.It is different
The cutter head of direction can select required cutter head as long as swinging toolframe, carry out tool changing engraving, and efficiency improves.And different courts
To cutter head can select front and back four direction up and down, capable of making cutter head in this way, only one is being carved, and its excess-three is not
The movement and swing that workpiece can be interfered with can enable the swing angle of workpiece become larger under the swing of cooperating platform, improve single
The scope of application of cutter head, processing efficiency is improved.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, positioning mechanism can be rotated relative to workbench, and there are two types of modes: one is
It is equipped with several turntables that can be rotated on the table, positioning mechanism is arranged on turntable;Another kind is to be equipped on the table
Several output shafts that can be rotated, positioning mechanism are arranged on output shaft, and output shaft can be rotation connection and turn on the table
Axis is also possible to the output shaft of motor or the output shaft of retarder.Here positioning mechanism can use various ways, such as
Method of clamping, press are against mode, gas suction type or glue bonding way etc..Positioning mechanism, which can rotate, carves this solid
Quarter machine becomes six axis engraving machines of multi-knife-head, and positioning mechanism is arranged on the basis of double swinging structures and rotates and can more preferably realize
The stability and machining accuracy of six axis engraving machines.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, set in the supporting table there are two support base, the workbench is arranged two
Between a support base and both ends of workbench swing and are connected on support base, are equipped on the outside of a support base for driving wherein
The motor one that workbench is swung.Workbench is improved by support base, increases the hunting range of big workbench.Motor one is external to be kept away
Exempt from that workbench is caused to swing to interfere.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, the workbench includes the plate of strip and the company for being connected to plate both ends
The upper end of fishplate bar, connecting plate is connect with support base, is equipped with the power source of driving positioning mechanism rotation in the downside of workbench.Pass through
Connecting plate expands the spacing between workbench and toolframe, makes the scope of application for increasing workpiece, and connecting plate also can increase
The range of swing.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, the power source includes motor two and is arranged in below each positioning mechanism
Retarder, each retarder include horizontally disposed transmission shaft and the output shaft vertical with transmission shaft, and the output shaft is for driving
Dynamic positioning mechanism rotation, the concentric series connection of the transmission shaft of two neighboring retarder, above-mentioned motor two be located at end
The transmission axis connection of retarder.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, the power source includes the motor three being arranged in below each positioning mechanism,
Each motor three is for driving positioning mechanism to rotate.The output shaft of motor three can directly drive positioning mechanism rotation or motor
Three drive positioning mechanism rotation by the output shaft of retarder.
Power source setting is avoided that in workbench bottom, workpiece is caused to interfere, guaranteed between toolframe and workbench
Hunting range will not reduce.And this structure can be able to maintain gravity balance when workpiece is located in positioning mechanism.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, the rack includes pedestal and the crossbeam that is fixed on the base, supporting table and
Translation structure between rack includes horizontal cross rail and horizontal vertical guide rail, and the supporting table passes through horizontal cross rail and level
Vertical guide rail, which is connected on pedestal, to be enable supporting table horizontal transverse movement and horizontally vertically moves;It is flat between toolframe and rack
Moving structure includes perpendicular guide rail, and the toolframe is connected on crossbeam by perpendicular guide rail enables toolframe to move up and down.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, the middle part of crossbeam is arranged in the perpendicular guide rail, is slidably connected on perpendicular guide rail
There is perpendicular bracket, the toolframe is rotatably connected on perpendicular bracket.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, the perpendicular guide rail has two groups, and is separately positioned on the both ends of crossbeam, every
Perpendicular bracket is equipped on the perpendicular guide rail of group, the toolframe both ends are rotatably connected on respectively on perpendicular bracket accordingly.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, the rack includes pedestal and the crossbeam that is fixed on the base, the support
Translation structure between platform and rack includes horizontal vertical guide rail, and the supporting table is connected on pedestal by the vertical guide rail of level to be made
Supporting table can horizontally vertically move;Translation structure between toolframe and rack includes erecting guide rail and horizontal cross rail, described
Toolframe be connected on crossbeam by perpendicular guide rail and horizontal cross rail toolframe enable to move up and down and horizontal transverse movement.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, the perpendicular guide rail, which is fixed and erected with crossbeam, slidably connects perpendicular drag on guide rail
Frame, the horizontal cross rail setting slidably connect horizontal bracket, the toolframe on perpendicular bracket on horizontal cross rail
Both ends or middle part be rotatably connected on horizontal bracket.
In above-mentioned solid carving machine, the horizontal cross rail is fixed with crossbeam and the company of sliding on horizontal cross rail
It is connected to horizontal bracket, the perpendicular guide rail is arranged on horizontal bracket, slidably connects perpendicular bracket, the toolframe on perpendicular guide rail
Both ends or middle part be rotatably connected on perpendicular bracket.
Compared with prior art, this solid carving machine has the advantage that
1, this solid carving machine is on the basis of three axis that three-dimensional space translates, also integrated toolframe swing, work
Platform swing and workpiece locating mechanism rotation this three axis, become Six-shaft stereo carving machine.And swing and the workbench of toolframe
Swing form double swinging structures, this double swinging structure two-piece units and toolframe and workbench form opposite swing, can
Enable cutter head to have biggish machining angle to workpiece and swing fineness, eliminate processing Dead Core Problems, can be applicable in each
The workpiece of kind complicated shape, improves processing efficiency.
2, cutter head required for the cutter head of different directions can select as long as swinging toolframe on toolframe, carries out tool changing carving
Carve, efficiency improves, and the cutter head of different direction can select front and back four direction up and down, can make in this way cutter head only one
It is carved, and its excess-three does not affect the movement and swing of workpiece, and the swing angle of workpiece is enable to become larger, and improves single
The scope of application of cutter head, processing efficiency is improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of one solid carving machine of embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view at another visual angle Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the top view in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the schematic cross-sectional view of A-A in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the schematic perspective view of two solid carving machine of embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the schematic perspective view of three solid carving machine of embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the schematic perspective view of example IV solid carving machine.
Fig. 8-10 is the structural schematic diagram of four kinds of different positioning mechanisms.
In figure, 1, rack;1a, pedestal;1b, crossbeam;1c, column;2, supporting table;2a, support base;2b, carrier base;2c,
Motor one;2d, retarder;2e, bearing;3, toolframe;3a, cutter head;3b, graver group;4, workbench;4a, plate;4b, company
Fishplate bar;5, turntable;5a, positioning mechanism;5a1, suction hole;5a2, air flue;5a3, claw;6a, horizontal vertical guide rail;6b, horizontal cross
Guide rail;6c, perpendicular guide rail;7, bracket is indulged;8, bracket is erected;8a, mounting base;8b, gear set;8c, motor;8d, retarder;8e, axis
Hold seat;8f, motor;9, power source;9a, motor two;9b, retarder;9b1, transmission shaft;9b2, output shaft;10, horizontal bracket.
Specific embodiment
The following is specific embodiments of the present invention, and technical scheme of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with attached drawing,
However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Embodiment one:
Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is multitool Six-shaft stereo carving machine, including rack 1, and supporting table 2 and strip are equipped in rack 1
Translation structure, which is arranged, respectively in the toolframe 3 of shape, supporting table 2 and toolframe 3 between rack 1 makes toolframe 3 relative to supporting table
2, toolframe 3 is equipped with several cutter head 3a and can be swung using the bar shaped direction of toolframe 3 as axle center, in supporting table 2
Equipped with for clamping workpiece and elongated workbench 4, the workbench 4 and toolframe 3 is arranged in parallel and 4 energy of workbench
It is enough to be swung using the bar shaped direction of workbench 4 as axle center, several turntables 5 that can be rotated are equipped in the upside of workbench 4.
Specifically, such as shown in Fig. 1 and combination Fig. 2-4, rack 1 includes pedestal 1a and crossbeam 1b, and crossbeam 1b passes through two
Column 1c is fixed on the middle and back of pedestal 1a, and supporting table 2 is located at the lower section of crossbeam 1b and is connected on pedestal 1a, on pedestal 1a
It is fixed with horizontal vertical guide rail 6a, vertical bracket 7 is slidably connected on the vertical guide rail 6a of level, horizontal cross is fixed on vertical bracket 7
Guide rail 6b, supporting table 2 are slidably connected on horizontal cross rail 6b.As simple replacement, horizontal cross rail is connected on pedestal 1a
6b and horizontal vertical guide rail 6a is interchangeable also possible, i.e., supporting table 2 is connected by horizontal cross rail 6b and horizontal vertical guide rail 6a
Connecing enables 2 horizontal transverse movement of supporting table and is horizontally vertically moved on pedestal 1a.Vertical bracket 7 can be also possible to H with plate
Shape bracket, and drive vertical bracket 7 and the mobile driving mechanism of supporting table 2, can be screw mandrel drive mechanism, gear and rack teeth mechanism or
Person's cylinder etc..
Perpendicular guide rail 6c is fixed with by mounting plate in the middle part of crossbeam 1b, slidably connects perpendicular bracket 8 on perpendicular guide rail 6c, it is perpendicular to drag
Frame 8 is tabular or H-shaped bracket, and the swing of toolframe 3 is connected on perpendicular bracket 8, i.e., toolframe 3 is connected to by perpendicular guide rail 6c
Toolframe 3 is set to move up and down on crossbeam 1b.Mounting base 8a is equipped on the outside of perpendicular bracket 8, the middle part of toolframe 3 is connected by bearing
It connects on perpendicular bracket 8, the gear set 8b that driving toolframe 3 is swung is equipped on perpendicular bracket 8, gear set 8b is by motor 8c by subtracting
Fast device 8d drives.As substitution, the drive mechanisms such as belt, chain are also that toolframe 3 can be driven to rotate.
Toolframe 3 is elongated, can be made square-section or circular cross-section, this example uses square-section, in cutter
Several cutter head 3a are arranged at intervals on frame 3, at least there are two different directions by adjacent cutter head 3a.It can be made as shown in Figure 1
Four different directions, You Yigen cutter spindle, which is pierced by toolframe 3, makes the both ends of cutter spindle form two cutter head 3a, adjacent
Cutter spindle it is vertical with the cutter spindle, and be also pierced by toolframe 3, form two cutter head 3a, this two cutter spindles are total
With one group of graver group 3b of composition, for processing the same workpiece, workpiece can thus be processed there are four cutter head 3a.
Graver group 3b has several groups and is sequentially arranged on toolframe 3, generally determines graver group 3b's according to the number of turntable 5
Quantity.Cutter head 3a required for the cutter head 3a of different directions can be selected as long as swinging toolframe 3, carries out tool changing engraving, efficiency
It improves.Also it can simplify graver group 3b, for example be reduced to three or two etc. in four cutter head 3a.
Workbench 4 includes the plate 4a of strip and the connecting plate 4b for being connected to the both ends plate 4a, connecting plate 4b and plate
4a can be an integral structure or seperated welding structure.Turntable 5 is rotatably connected on plate 4a, and turntable 5 is fixed equipped with workpiece
For positioning workpiece, positioning mechanism 5a here is clamping piece, top-pressure part, aspiration attachment or is directly used in glue position mechanism 5a
Workpiece is bonded on turntable 5.Aspiration attachment specific positioning mechanism 5a as shown in Figure 8, is equipped with suction hole on turntable 5
5a1 and the air flue 5a2 or clamping piece as shown in Figure 9 that 5 upper surface of turntable is arranged in are provided with several claws on turntable 5
5a3, by claw 5a3 clamping come carry out workpiece positioning or top-pressure part as shown in Figure 10, offer T on turntable 5
Shape slot, hold-down bolt are connected in T-slot, and a block pressur plate is connected through a screw thread on hold-down bolt.In the plate 4a of workbench 4
Downside is equipped with the power source 9 of driving positioning mechanism rotation.Power source 9 includes two 9a of motor and is arranged in each workpiece locating mechanism
Retarder 9b, each retarder 9b below 5a include horizontally disposed transmission shaft 9b1 and the output shaft vertical with transmission shaft 9b1
9b2, output shaft 9b2 are connect with positioning mechanism, the concentric connection of transmission shaft 9b1 of two neighboring retarder 9b, two 9a of motor with
Positioned at the transmission shaft 9b1 connection of the retarder 9b of end.As simple replacement, power source 9, which can also be, to be arranged each fixed
Motor three below the mechanism of position, the output shaft 9b2 of each motor three are connect with workpiece locating mechanism 5a.
It is set in supporting table 2 there are two support base 2a, workbench 4 is arranged between two support base 2a, and connecting plate 4b's is upper
End outside is set to connector sleeve or shaft, and the connecting plate 4b at 4 both ends of workbench is connected on support base 2a by bearing 2e swing,
And one 2c of motor for driving workbench 4 to swing is equipped on the outside of a wherein support base 2a.One 2c of motor is fixed on bracket
On seat 2b, one 2c of motor is connect by retarder 2d with connecting plate 4b.
After workpiece is located on the positioning mechanism 5a of turntable 5, when carving and milling shape, according to the setting of program, cutter
Frame 3 swings one cutter head 3a of selection towards workpiece, and controls the mutual swing that toolframe 3, workbench 4 and turntable 5 are coordinated, so that
Cutter head 3a can make arbitrary space camber line when carving workpiece and reach arbitrary angle.
Embodiment two
Embodiment two is basically the same as the first embodiment, and difference is: supporting table 2 is connected to bottom by the vertical guide rail 6a of level
Supporting table 2 is set to horizontally vertically move on seat 1a, toolframe 3 is connected to crossbeam 1b by perpendicular guide rail 6c and horizontal cross rail 6b
On so that toolframe 3 is moved up and down and horizontal transverse movement.Specifically, as shown in figure 5, horizontal cross rail 6b and crossbeam 1b
Flat horizontal bracket 10 is fixed and slidably connected on horizontal cross rail 6b, guide rail 6c is erected and is arranged on horizontal bracket 10,
Perpendicular bracket 8 is slidably connected on perpendicular guide rail 6c, the tabular of the growth bar shaped of bracket 8 is erected, is also possible to H-shaped, is set on perpendicular bracket 8
There are two the bearing block 8e of evagination, and the both ends of toolframe 3 are rotatably connected on motor 8f on the bearing block 8e of perpendicular bracket 8 and pass through deceleration
Device 8d is connect with the end of toolframe 3 or the middle part of toolframe 3 is rotatably connected on the mounting base 8a of perpendicular bracket 8 is also
Can with.Horizontal vertical guide rail 6a is fixed on pedestal 1a, supporting table 2 is slidably connected on horizontal vertical guide rail 6a.As replacement
, perpendicular guide rail 6c and crossbeam 1b, which is fixed and erected, slidably connects perpendicular bracket 8 on guide rail 6c, horizontal cross rail 6b is arranged in perpendicular bracket
On 8, horizontal bracket 10 is slidably connected on horizontal cross rail 6b, the both ends of toolframe 3 are rotatably connected on horizontal bracket 10 or knife
The middle part of tool frame 3 is rotatably connected on horizontal bracket.
Embodiment three:
Embodiment three is basically the same as the first embodiment, and difference is: shown in Fig. 6, perpendicular guide rail 6c has two groups and sets respectively
It sets on the column at the both ends of crossbeam 1b, is equipped with perpendicular bracket 8 on every group of perpendicular guide rail 6c, 3 both ends of toolframe rotate respectively
It is connected on perpendicular bracket 8 accordingly.
Example IV:
Example IV and embodiment two are essentially identical, and difference is: as shown in fig. 7, perpendicular guide rail 6c has two groups and difference
It is arranged on the column at the both ends of crossbeam 1b, a perpendicular bracket 8 is equipped on two groups of perpendicular guide rail 6c, along water on perpendicular bracket 8
Flat transverse direction is fixed with horizontal cross rail 6b, and horizontal bracket 10, the both ends rotation of toolframe 3 are slidably connected on horizontal cross rail 6b
It is connected on horizontal bracket 10 or the middle part of toolframe 3 is rotatably connected on horizontal bracket 10.
Specific embodiment described herein is only an example for the spirit of the invention.The neck of technology belonging to the present invention
The technical staff in domain can make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or replace by a similar method
In generation, however, it does not deviate from the spirit of the invention or beyond the scope of the appended claims.