CN109619045B - Method for biotransformation of gibberellic acid fungi residues by using hermetia illucens larvae - Google Patents
Method for biotransformation of gibberellic acid fungi residues by using hermetia illucens larvae Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for carrying out biotransformation on gibberellic acid fungi residues by utilizing hermetia illucens larvae, which comprises the following steps: preparing a black soldier fly egg hatching material: pretreating the gibberellic acid fungi residues, mixing the pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues with auxiliary materials, and adjusting the water content; b, inoculating the hermetia illucens eggs: uniformly spreading the black soldier fly egg hatching material at the bottom of an incubator, supporting a gauze on the black soldier fly egg hatching material, and inoculating the black soldier fly eggs on the gauze; hatching and culturing black soldier flies: hatching the hermetia illucens eggs, dropping the incubated hermetia illucens eggs into the incubation material, culturing for 3-5 days to obtain well-developed hermetia illucens larvae, continuously adding pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues, culturing for 10-12 days until the body color of the hermetia illucens larvae gradually changes into black brown, and stopping culturing; separating the waste materials generated by culturing the hermetia illucens larvae and the hermetia illucens larvae to obtain mature hermetia illucens larvae and the hermetia illucens larva culturing waste materials. The technical scheme solves the problem of gibberellic acid bacteria residue treatment and realizes waste utilization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gibberellic acid fungi residue treatment, in particular to a method for performing biotransformation on gibberellic acid fungi residues by utilizing hermetia illucens larvae.
Background
Gibberellins are a class of structurally very similar, widely occurring plant growth regulators, most important especially as gibberellic acid (GA 3). Gibberellic acid can be used in the whole process of plant growth cycle, can shorten the dormancy period of seeds, rhizomes and the like, can induce flowering, can prevent flowers and fruits from falling off, can promote fruit ripening and improve yield. The method is characterized in that the gibberellic acid produced in China currently occupies most of the global market, most manufacturers produce the gibberellic acid by adopting a microbial fermentation method, and the gibberellic acid fungi residues are solid residues obtained by filtering fermentation liquor produced in the fermentation production process of the gibberellic acid through a plate frame, and mainly comprise residual culture medium and a large number of mycelia, so that the gibberellic acid fungi residues contain abundant amino acids, major elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like) and trace elements (iron, manganese, zinc and the like), and a small amount of gibberellic acid is remained. The traditional treatment method of the gibberellic acid bacteria residues is to discard or burn or bury the residues, so that the waste of agricultural organic resources is caused, the soil eutrophication is caused by the discarding and burying method, and the air is polluted by the burning method, so that a safe and efficient method is required to be found for treating the gibberellic acid bacteria residues.
The black soldier fly is a soldier fly which eats kitchen waste, animal excrement, animal and plant corpses and the like, and is harmless to human and environment. The hermetia illucens larvae have the characteristics of nutritional decay, rapid propagation, large food consumption, wide food consumption, low feeding cost, better generation overlapping property, good animal palatability, high absorption conversion rate and the like, and the hermetia illucens larvae have an obvious prepupation period, can realize long-time living body storage, and have high prepupation nutritional value, so the hermetia illucens larvae can be used as an ideal biological conversion material. Adult hermetia illucens do not eat food basically and do not enter human living space, and the egg laying amount per female is nearly 1000. The dried hermetia illucens contain about 45 percent of crude protein, about 35 percent of fat and about 30 percent of 18 amino acids, and is an ideal insect protein feed, and the hermetia illucens are also rich in antibacterial peptide and probiotics, so that animals can directly absorb the antibacterial peptide and the probiotics by taking the hermetia illucens, the resistance is enhanced, the disease resistance of the shrimps can be obviously enhanced when the hermetia illucens are fed, the death rate of the shrimps is greatly reduced, and even the death rate of the shrimps is reduced by 80 percent.
The existing method for treating gibberellic acid fungi residues by using insects is to convert the gibberellic acid fungi residues into protein feed by using houseflies, and the specific operation method comprises the following steps: firstly, fermenting gibberellin dregs with a small amount of yeast to obtain gibberellin dreg fermentation liquor, adding a proper amount of auxiliary materials and water into the gibberellin dreg fermentation liquor to prepare a culture material for housefly maggots, then collecting fly eggs in a housefly larva cage, inoculating the collected fly eggs to the surface of the culture material, hatching fly larvae in the culture material, feeding and digesting the culture material by the fly larvae, culturing for a period of time to enable the fly larvae to become the fly maggots, separating the fly maggots from residual culture material after the fly maggots are mature, and drying the fly maggots to be used as animal feed and organic fertilizer respectively.
The housefly utilized in the technical scheme has huge environmental risk, the housefly adult is a worldwide sanitary pest and is easy to spread various diseases, once the housefly adult is caused to escape due to poor management in the process of collecting fly eggs, the housefly can be caused to flood, the living environment of people is seriously influenced, and the housefly adult is terrible to seriously harm the health of human beings.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a method for safely carrying out biotransformation on gibberellic acid fungi residues by using hermetia illucens larvae.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a method for carrying out biotransformation on gibberellic acid fungi residues by utilizing hermetia illucens larvae comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a black soldier fly egg hatching material: pretreating the gibberellic acid bacteria residues, uniformly mixing the pretreated gibberellic acid bacteria residues with auxiliary materials, and adding water to adjust the water content;
step S2, inoculating hermetia illucens eggs: uniformly spreading the black soldier fly egg hatching material at the bottom of an incubator, supporting a gauze on the black soldier fly egg hatching material, and uniformly inoculating the black soldier fly eggs on the gauze;
step S3, hatching and culturing hermetia illucens: hatching the hermetia illucens eggs, dropping the incubated hermetia illucens eggs into the incubation material, culturing for 3-5 days to obtain well-developed hermetia illucens larvae, continuously adding pretreated gibberellic acid bacterial residues, and culturing for 10-12 days until the body color of the hermetia illucens larvae is gradually changed into black brown;
step S4, post-treatment of black soldier fly larva culture: separating the waste materials generated by culturing the hermetia illucens larvae and the hermetia illucens larvae to obtain mature hermetia illucens larvae and the hermetia illucens larva culturing waste materials.
By adopting the technical scheme, the gibberellic acid residues generated in the industrial production of the gibberellic acid contain rich organic matters and a small amount of residual gibberellic acid, when the traditional method is adopted for processing, on one hand, resources are wasted, on the other hand, serious pollution is caused to the environment, therefore, new methods need to be developed for processing the gibberellic acid residues, the preprocessed gibberellic acid residues are mixed with auxiliary materials, and a proper amount of water is added for adjusting humidity to prepare the black soldier fly egg hatching material for hatching of the black soldier fly eggs, the black soldier fly larvae are formed after the black soldier fly eggs are hatched, and the black soldier fly larvae can absorb nutrient substances contained in the gibberellic acid residues, so that the biotransformation of the gibberellic acid residues is realized, the pollution problem of the gibberellic acid residues is solved, and the waste utilization and the cyclic utilization of resources are realized.
The invention is further configured to: the pretreatment process in the step S1 includes inactivating the remaining gibberellic acid at normal temperature and adjusting the pH to 5-8.
By adopting the technical scheme, the residual gibberellic acid in the gibberellic acid fungi residues can pollute the environment, so that inactivation treatment is required. Adjusting the pH value of the gibberellic acid fungi residue after the gibberellic acid inactivation to the range of 5-8 to obtain the pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residue. When the pH value is 5-8, a proper pH environment can be provided for the growth of the larvae of the hatched hermetia illucens, and the growth of the hermetia illucens can be influenced by too high or too low a pH value, so that the hermetia illucens can be killed or have poor development.
The invention is further configured to: the normal temperature inactivation method of residual gibberellic acid is to adjust the pH value of the gibberellic acid fungi residues to be more than 10 and keep the pH value for more than 6 hours.
By adopting the technical scheme, because the gibberellic acid is unstable and inactivated under the alkaline condition, the pH value of the gibberellic acid bacteria residue can be adjusted to be in the alkaline environment to inactivate the residual gibberellic acid, and the inactivation method can be operated at normal temperature, and can save energy compared with other heating treatment methods.
The invention is further configured to: the auxiliary materials in the first step are one or a mixture of more of wheat bran, rice bran powder, soybean meal, straw powder, corn flour, cottonseed hulls, peanut hull powder and wood dust.
By adopting the technical scheme, the auxiliary materials are added to the black soldier fly larvae to be mixed with the pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues, so that the loose degree of the pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues can be adjusted, air required by the growth of the black soldier fly larvae can be provided to a certain extent, and a comfortable moving space can be provided for the black soldier fly larvae, so that the growth and development of the black soldier fly larvae are accelerated, and the conversion efficiency of the black soldier fly larvae on the gibberellic acid fungi residues is improved; on the other hand, the feed provides necessary nutrients for the growth of the hermetia illucens.
The invention is further configured to: the weight ratio of the gibberellic acid fungi residues pretreated in the step S1 to the auxiliary materials is 4-7:3-6, and the water content is adjusted to 50-70%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the weight ratio of the mixed gibberellic acid fungi residues and the auxiliary materials is controlled to be 4-7:3-6, the water content of the mixed materials is 50% -70%, a proper environment is provided for the growth of black soldier fly larvae after the black soldier fly eggs are hatched, the eating efficiency of the black soldier fly larvae is reduced due to the fact that the water content of the hatching materials is too low, the black soldier fly larvae cannot normally grow, even the pupation pre-time of the black soldier fly larvae is delayed, and therefore the culture period is integrally prolonged.
The invention is further configured to: in the step S2, the thickness of the black soldier fly egg hatching material is below 10cm at the bottom of the incubator, and the thickness of the black soldier fly egg connected to the gauze is within 2 cm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the thickness of the black soldier fly egg hatching material which is flatly paved at the bottom of the incubator is controlled to be less than 10cm, firstly, black soldier fly larvae in the black soldier fly egg hatching material cannot suffocate due to too thick black soldier fly egg hatching material, and secondly, in order to fully utilize the black soldier fly egg hatching material, if the thickness of the black soldier fly egg hatching material is too thick, the black soldier fly larvae are not easy to contact the black soldier fly egg hatching material close to the bottom surface of the incubator, so that the black soldier fly egg hatching material is not fully utilized. The black soldier fly egg thickness of controlling the access is in order to improve the hatchability of black soldier fly egg within 2cm, if the black soldier fly egg is too thick, be unfavorable for the hatching of black soldier fly egg on the one hand, the space is more crowded between the black soldier fly larva individual of another side hatching and the individual, is unfavorable for dropping of black soldier fly larva.
The invention is further configured to: the addition of the pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues in the step S3 may be performed several times, and the stacking height of the pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues added each time should be no higher than 10 cm.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the control is that the height of piling up of the preliminary treatment gibberellic acid fungus sediment of each time adding is in order to keep the sufficient air in the preliminary treatment gibberellic acid fungus sediment of adding within 10cm, provides sufficient oxygen for the cultivation of heisui river horsefly larva, improves heisui river horsefly larva to the utilization ratio of gibberellic acid fungus sediment.
The invention is further configured to: the temperature for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs and culturing the hermetia illucens larvae in the steps S2 and S3 is 28-35 ℃, and the humidity is 60-75%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the temperature is controlled to be 28-35 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be within the range of 60-75%, a suitable environment is provided for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs and culturing the hermetia illucens larvae, and the survival rate of the hermetia illucens larvae and the bioconversion efficiency of the hermetia illucens larvae on the gibberellin fungi residues can be improved by the suitable environment.
The invention is further configured to: in the step S4, the mature hermetia illucens larvae and the waste culture material of the hermetia illucens larvae are separated by adopting a screen.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the heisui river horsefly larva is to the gibberellic acid fungus sediment bioconversion after the preliminary treatment, it is fairly loose to cultivate the material, cultivate the ripe larva of heisui river horsefly and heisui river horsefly larva and cultivate the waste material that produces and arrange in the screen cloth, sieve through the screen cloth, the ripe larva of heisui river horsefly stays on the screen cloth, heisui river horsefly larva cultivates the waste material and is fallen to below the screen cloth by the sieve, separately collect the ripe larva of heisui river horsefly above the screen cloth and the heisui river horsefly larva under the screen cloth cultivate the waste material can, easy.
The invention is further configured to: the mature hermetia illucens larvae obtained in the step S4 can be directly used as a protein feed, or can be used as a protein feed additive after being dried and ground, and the culture waste of the hermetia illucens larvae can be used as an organic fertilizer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the mature black soldier fly larvae contain rich nutrition, mainly protein and fat, so that the mature black soldier fly larvae can be used for directly feeding poultry and fishes and shrimps, and the dried mature black soldier fly larvae can be used as a protein feed additive. During drying, the black soldier fly mature larvae are dried at a lower temperature or naturally aired, so that the protein structure in the black soldier fly mature larvae can be prevented from being damaged, and if the drying temperature is too high, protein denaturation can be caused. And the hermetia illucens also contains antibacterial peptide and probiotics, and the antibacterial peptide and the probiotics lose activity due to overhigh drying temperature.
In conclusion, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows: the invention discloses a method for biotransformation of gibberellic acid bacteria residues by black soldier fly larvae, which recycles industrial waste materials to change waste into valuable, provides an economic, green and efficient treatment method for the gibberellic acid bacteria residues, and solves the environmental protection problem faced by gibberellic acid production enterprises in China. In addition, the mature black soldier fly larvae can be directly used for animal feed, or the mature black soldier fly larvae obtained after drying can be used as a protein feed additive, and the black soldier fly culture waste can be used as a plant organic fertilizer, so that the resource recycling is promoted, and meanwhile, the economic benefit is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
A method for biotransformation of gibberellic acid fungi residues by black soldier fly larvae, as shown in figure 1, comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a black soldier fly egg hatching material: firstly, adjusting the pH value of the gibberellic acid bacteria residue to 11.0, keeping the pH value for 24 hours under the condition of the pH value, adjusting the pH value of the gibberellic acid bacteria residue to 5 after all the residual gibberellic acid in the gibberellic acid bacteria residue is inactivated to obtain pretreated gibberellic acid bacteria residue, weighing 120g of pretreated gibberellic acid bacteria residue, uniformly mixing with 80g of bean pulp powder, adding water to adjust the water content to be 60%, and uniformly stirring;
step S2, inoculating hermetia illucens eggs: flatly paving the hermetia illucens egg hatching material at the bottom of an incubator, wherein the height of the flatly paved hermetia illucens egg hatching material is 8cm, a 40-mesh metal gauze is supported at the position about 4 cm higher than the upper surface of the hermetia illucens egg hatching material, and 1g of hermetia illucens eggs are uniformly connected to the metal gauze;
step S3, hatching and culturing hermetia illucens: incubating and culturing hermetia illucens eggs for 5 days in an environment with the temperature of 28 ℃ and the humidity of 60%, frequently turning over the incubation material of the hermetia illucens eggs during the incubation period, then removing the metal gauze, directly adding 300g of pretreated gibberellic acid bacteria residues, and continuing to culture in the same environment. When the gibberellic acid fungi residues become loose, the preprocessed gibberellic acid fungi residues are continuously added, the preprocessed gibberellic acid fungi residues are repeatedly added, the adding amount of the black soldier fly larvae is gradually enlarged as the black soldier fly larvae grow large, the cultivation is stopped after the black soldier fly larvae are continuously cultivated for 12 days, the body color of the black soldier fly larvae is changed into brown, the food intake is very small, the stacking height of the preprocessed gibberellic acid fungi residues added each time is not higher than 10cm from the beginning of hatching to the end of cultivation;
step S4, post-treatment of black soldier fly larva culture: sieving with a screen to separate mature black soldier fly larvae from the culture waste of black soldier fly larvae to obtain mature black soldier fly larvae and culture waste of black soldier fly larvae, and weighing the mass M of the mature black soldier fly larvae respectively1And the mass m of the black soldier fly larva culture waste2(including waste material from the hatching material of hermetia illucens eggs), the results are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
A method for biotransformation of gibberellic acid fungi residues by black soldier fly larvae, as shown in figure 1, comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a black soldier fly egg hatching material: firstly, adjusting the pH value of the gibberellic acid bacteria residues to 11.5, keeping the pH value for 18 hours under the condition of the pH value, adjusting the pH value of the gibberellic acid bacteria residues to 7 after all the residual gibberellic acid in the gibberellic acid bacteria residues are inactivated to obtain pretreated gibberellic acid bacteria residues, weighing 60g of pretreated gibberellic acid bacteria residues, uniformly mixing with 40g of wheat bran, adding water to adjust the water content to be 60%, and uniformly stirring;
step S2, inoculating hermetia illucens eggs: flatly paving the hermetia illucens egg hatching material at the bottom of an incubator, wherein the height of the flatly paved hermetia illucens egg hatching material is 8cm, a metal gauze with the mesh of 40 meshes is supported at the position about 4 cm higher than the upper surface of the hermetia illucens egg hatching material, and 0.5g of hermetia illucens egg is uniformly inoculated on the metal gauze;
step S3, hatching and culturing hermetia illucens: incubating and culturing hermetia illucens eggs for 5 days in an environment with the temperature of 30 ℃ and the humidity of 65%, frequently turning over the incubation material of the hermetia illucens eggs during the incubation period, then removing the metal gauze, directly adding 200g of pretreated gibberellic acid bacteria residues, and continuing to culture in the same environment. When the gibberellic acid fungi residues become loose, the preprocessed gibberellic acid fungi residues are continuously added, the preprocessed gibberellic acid fungi residues are repeatedly added, the adding amount of the black soldier fly larvae is gradually enlarged as the black soldier fly larvae grow large, the cultivation is stopped after the black soldier fly larvae are continuously cultivated for 12 days, the body color of the black soldier fly larvae is changed into brown, the food intake is very small, the stacking height of the preprocessed gibberellic acid fungi residues added each time is not higher than 10cm from the beginning of hatching to the end of cultivation;
step S4, post-treatment of black soldier fly larva culture: sieving with a screen to separate mature black soldier fly larvae from the culture waste of black soldier fly larvae to obtain mature black soldier fly larvae and culture waste of black soldier fly larvae, and weighing the mass M of the mature black soldier fly larvae respectively1And the mass m of the black soldier fly larva culture waste2(including waste material from the hatching material of hermetia illucens eggs), the results are shown in Table 1.
Example 3
A method for biotransformation of gibberellic acid fungi residues by black soldier fly larvae, as shown in figure 1, comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a black soldier fly egg hatching material: firstly, adjusting the pH value of the gibberellic acid bacteria residues to 12, keeping the pH value for 12 hours under the condition of the pH value, adjusting the pH value of the gibberellic acid bacteria residues to 6 after all the residual gibberellic acid in the gibberellic acid bacteria residues are inactivated to obtain pretreated gibberellic acid bacteria residues, weighing 50g of the pretreated gibberellic acid bacteria residues, uniformly mixing with 50g of soybean meal, adding water to adjust the water content to 50%, and uniformly stirring;
step S2, inoculating hermetia illucens eggs: flatly paving the hermetia illucens egg hatching material at the bottom of an incubator, wherein the height of the flatly paved hermetia illucens egg hatching material is 8cm, a metal gauze with the mesh of 40 meshes is supported at the position about 4 cm higher than the upper surface of the hermetia illucens egg hatching material, and 0.3g of hermetia illucens egg is uniformly inoculated on the metal gauze;
step S3, hatching and culturing hermetia illucens: incubating and culturing hermetia illucens eggs for 4 days in an environment with the temperature of 33 ℃ and the humidity of 70%, frequently turning over the incubation material of the hermetia illucens eggs during the incubation period, then removing the metal gauze, directly adding 200g of pretreated gibberellic acid bacteria residues, and continuing to culture in the same environment. After the gibberellic acid fungi residues become loose, continuously adding the pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues, repeatedly adding the pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues, gradually amplifying the adding amount of the larvae of the hermetia illucens every time as the larvae grow large, and stopping culturing after continuously culturing for 10 days, wherein the body color of the larvae of the hermetia illucens is changed into brown, the food intake is very small, and the stacking height of the added pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues every time is not higher than 10cm from the beginning to the end of the culturing;
step S4, post-treatment of black soldier fly larva culture: sieving with a screen to separate mature black soldier fly larvae from the culture waste of black soldier fly larvae to obtain mature black soldier fly larvae and culture waste of black soldier fly larvae, and weighing the mass M of the mature black soldier fly larvae respectively1And the mass m of the black soldier fly larva culture waste2(including waste material from hatching material of hermetia illucens eggs), the results are shown in Table 1
Example 4
A method for biotransformation of gibberellic acid fungi residues by black soldier fly larvae, as shown in figure 1, comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a black soldier fly egg hatching material: firstly, adjusting the pH value of the gibberellic acid bacteria residues to 11, keeping the pH value for 24 hours under the condition of the pH value, adjusting the pH value of the gibberellic acid bacteria residues to 7 after all the residual gibberellic acid in the gibberellic acid bacteria residues are inactivated to obtain pretreated gibberellic acid bacteria residues, weighing 120g of pretreated gibberellic acid bacteria residues, uniformly mixing with 80g of wheat bran, adding water to adjust the water content to be 60%, and uniformly stirring;
step S2, inoculating hermetia illucens eggs: flatly paving the hermetia illucens egg hatching material at the bottom of an incubator, wherein the height of the flatly paved hermetia illucens egg hatching material is 8cm, a metal gauze with the mesh of 40 meshes is supported at the position about 4 cm higher than the upper surface of the hermetia illucens egg hatching material, and 1g of hermetia illucens eggs are uniformly inoculated on the metal gauze;
step S3, hatching and culturing hermetia illucens: incubating and culturing hermetia illucens eggs for 3 days in an environment with the temperature of 35 ℃ and the humidity of 75%, frequently turning over the incubation material of the hermetia illucens eggs during the incubation period, then removing the metal gauze, directly adding 300g of pretreated gibberellic acid bacteria residues, and continuing to culture in the same environment. After the gibberellic acid fungi residues become loose, continuously adding the pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues, repeatedly adding the pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues, gradually amplifying the adding amount of the larvae of the hermetia illucens every time as the larvae grow large, and stopping culturing after continuously culturing for 10 days, wherein the body color of the larvae of the hermetia illucens is changed into brown, the food intake is very small, and the stacking height of the added pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues every time is not higher than 10cm from the beginning to the end of the culturing;
step S4, post-treatment of black soldier fly larva culture: sieving with a screen to separate mature black soldier fly larvae from the culture waste of black soldier fly larvae to obtain mature black soldier fly larvae and culture waste of black soldier fly larvae, and weighing the mass M of the mature black soldier fly larvae respectively1And the mass m of the black soldier fly larva culture waste2(including waste material from the hatching material of hermetia illucens eggs), the results are shown in Table 1.
Example 5
A method for biotransformation of gibberellic acid fungi residues by black soldier fly larvae, as shown in figure 1, comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a black soldier fly egg hatching material: firstly, adjusting the pH value of the gibberellic acid fungi residues to 10.5, keeping the pH value for 48 hours under the condition of the pH value, adjusting the pH value of the gibberellic acid fungi residues to 8 after all the residual gibberellic acid in the gibberellic acid fungi residues is inactivated, and preparing the pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues, wherein a culture material for black soldier fly larvae is prepared: weighing 80g of pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues and 120g of soybean meal powder, uniformly mixing, adding water to adjust the water content to 70%, and uniformly stirring;
step S2, inoculating hermetia illucens eggs: flatly paving the hermetia illucens egg hatching material at the bottom of an incubator, wherein the height of the flatly paved hermetia illucens egg hatching material is 8cm, a metal gauze with the mesh of 40 meshes is supported at the position about 4 cm higher than the upper surface of the hermetia illucens egg hatching material, and 1g of hermetia illucens eggs are uniformly inoculated on the metal gauze;
step S3, hatching and culturing hermetia illucens: incubating and culturing hermetia illucens eggs for 5 days in an environment with the temperature of 28 ℃ and the humidity of 60%, frequently turning over the incubation material of the hermetia illucens eggs during the incubation period, then removing the metal gauze, directly adding 300g of pretreated gibberellic acid bacteria residues, and continuing to culture in the same environment. When the gibberellic acid fungi residues become loose, the preprocessed gibberellic acid fungi residues are continuously added, the preprocessed gibberellic acid fungi residues are repeatedly added, the adding amount of the black soldier fly larvae is gradually enlarged as the black soldier fly larvae grow large, the cultivation is stopped after the black soldier fly larvae are continuously cultivated for 12 days, the body color of the black soldier fly larvae is changed into brown, the food intake is very small, the stacking height of the preprocessed gibberellic acid fungi residues added each time is not higher than 10cm from the beginning of hatching to the end of cultivation;
step S4, post-treatment of black soldier fly larva culture: sieving with a screen to separate mature black soldier fly larvae from the culture waste of black soldier fly larvae to obtain mature black soldier fly larvae and culture waste of black soldier fly larvae, and weighing the mass M of the mature black soldier fly larvae respectively1And the mass m of the black soldier fly larva culture waste2(including waste material from the hatching material of hermetia illucens eggs), the results are shown in Table 1.
Example 6
A method for biotransformation of gibberellic acid fungi residues by black soldier fly larvae, as shown in figure 1, comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a black soldier fly egg hatching material: firstly, adjusting the pH value of the gibberellic acid bacteria residue to 12, keeping the pH value for 12 hours under the condition of the pH value, adjusting the pH value of the gibberellic acid bacteria residue to 8 after all the residual gibberellic acid in the gibberellic acid bacteria residue is inactivated to obtain pretreated gibberellic acid bacteria residue, weighing 140g of pretreated gibberellic acid bacteria residue, uniformly mixing the pretreated gibberellic acid bacteria residue with 60g of bean pulp powder, adding water to adjust the water content to be 60%, and uniformly stirring;
step S2, inoculating hermetia illucens eggs: flatly paving the hermetia illucens egg hatching material at the bottom of an incubator, wherein the height of the flatly paved hermetia illucens egg hatching material is 8cm, a metal gauze with the mesh of 40 meshes is supported at the position about 4 cm higher than the upper surface of the hermetia illucens egg hatching material, and 1g of hermetia illucens eggs are uniformly inoculated on the metal gauze;
step S3, hatching and culturing hermetia illucens: incubating and culturing hermetia illucens eggs for 4 days in an environment with the temperature of 33 ℃ and the humidity of 65%, frequently turning over the incubation material of the hermetia illucens eggs during the incubation period, then removing the metal gauze, directly adding 300g of pretreated gibberellic acid bacteria residues, and continuing to culture in the same environment. When the gibberellic acid fungi residues become loose, the preprocessed gibberellic acid fungi residues are continuously added, the preprocessed gibberellic acid fungi residues are repeatedly added, the adding amount of the black soldier fly larvae is gradually enlarged as the black soldier fly larvae grow large, the cultivation is stopped after the black soldier fly larvae are continuously cultivated for 12 days, the body color of the black soldier fly larvae is changed into brown, the food intake is very small, the stacking height of the preprocessed gibberellic acid fungi residues added each time is not higher than 10cm from the beginning of hatching to the end of cultivation;
step S4, post-treatment of black soldier fly larva culture: sieving with a screen to separate mature black soldier fly larvae from the culture waste of black soldier fly larvae to obtain mature black soldier fly larvae and culture waste of black soldier fly larvae, and weighing the mass M of the mature black soldier fly larvae respectively1And the mass m of the black soldier fly larva culture waste2(including waste material from the hatching material of hermetia illucens eggs), the results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
A method for biotransformation of gibberellic acid fungi residues by black soldier fly larvae, as shown in fig. 1, which is different from example 1 in that: in the step one, the gibberellic acid fungi residues are not subjected to normal-temperature inactivation treatment during pretreatment, and the pH value is directly adjusted to 5.
Comparative example 2
A method for biotransformation of gibberellic acid fungi residues by black soldier fly larvae, as shown in fig. 1, which is different from example 1 in that: in the first step, the water content of the culture material for the hermetia illucens larvae is 40%.
TABLE 1
| Item | M1(g) | m1(g) | M2(g) | m2(g) | S(kg) | G(kg) | Q(g) |
| Example 1 | 1146.86 | 1 | 11000 | 3092.63 | 104.26 | 281.15 | 90.91 |
| Example 2 | 594.56 | 0.5 | 5650 | 1523.20 | 105.23 | 269.59 | 88.50 |
| Example 3 | 362.48 | 0.3 | 3700 | 992.76 | 97.97 | 268.31 | 81.08 |
| Example 4 | 1418.42 | 1 | 12000 | 3456.84 | 118.20 | 288.07 | 83.33 |
| Example 5 | 1196.51 | 1 | 11500 | 3211.49 | 104.04 | 279.26 | 86.96 |
| Example 6 | 1265.78 | 1 | 11700 | 3318.41 | 108.19 | 283.62 | 85.47 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1011.83 | 1 | 10600 | 2700.77 | 95.46 | 254.79 | 94.34 |
| Comparative example 2 | 610.68 | 1 | 7000 | 1623.21 | 87.24 | 231.89 | 142.86 |
Wherein M is1The mass of mature black soldier fly larvae is g; m is1The mass of the inoculated hermetia illucens eggs is g; m2The total mass of the added pre-treated gibberellic acid fungi residues (the water content of the gibberellic acid fungi residues is about 65% before and after the pre-treatment) is expressed in g; m is2The mass of the waste (including the waste generated by the hatching material of the hermetia illucens eggs) for culturing the hermetia illucens larvae is the mass of the obtained organic fertilizer (the water content of the organic fertilizer is about 30 percent and can be automatically controlled according to the water content requirements of different fertilizers), and the unit is g; s, G the unit is kg for the mass of mature black soldier fly larvae and the mass of organic fertilizer which are obtained by culturing 1 ton of pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues; q is the mass of hermetia illucens eggs required for each 1 ton of pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues, and is given in g.
Through detection, the black soldier fly larva culture waste materials produced in the examples 1-6 and the comparative example 2 do not contain gibberellic acid, but the black soldier fly larva culture waste material obtained in the comparative example 1 still contains the gibberellic acid because the gibberellic acid fungi residues are not inactivated, so that the black soldier fly larva culture waste materials obtained in the examples 1-6 and the comparative example 2 can be used as organic fertilizers, while the black soldier fly larva culture waste material obtained in the comparative example 1 cannot be used as the organic fertilizer; the larger S is, the higher the yield of mature hermetia illucens larvae obtained by culturing 1 ton of the pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues is, the larger G is, the more organic fertilizer is obtained by culturing 1 ton of the pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues is, the smaller Q is, the less quality of hermetia illucens eggs is required for each 1 ton of pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues, S, G in examples 1-6 in the table 1 is larger than S, G in the comparative example 2, and Q in examples 1-6 is obviously smaller than Q in the comparative example 2.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for carrying out biotransformation on gibberellic acid fungi residues by utilizing hermetia illucens larvae is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a black soldier fly egg hatching material: pretreating the gibberellic acid bacteria residues, uniformly mixing the pretreated gibberellic acid bacteria residues with auxiliary materials, and adding water to adjust the water content;
step S2, inoculating hermetia illucens eggs: uniformly spreading the black soldier fly egg hatching material at the bottom of an incubator, supporting a gauze on the black soldier fly egg hatching material, and uniformly inoculating the black soldier fly eggs on the gauze;
step S3, hatching and culturing hermetia illucens: hatching the hermetia illucens eggs, dropping the incubated hermetia illucens eggs into the incubation material, culturing for 3-5 days to obtain well-developed hermetia illucens larvae, continuously adding pretreated gibberellic acid bacterial residues, and culturing for 10-12 days until the body color of the hermetia illucens larvae is gradually changed into black brown;
step S4, post-treatment of black soldier fly larva culture: and separating the waste materials generated by culturing the mature black soldier fly larvae and the black soldier fly larvae to obtain the mature black soldier fly larvae and the waste materials for culturing the black soldier fly larvae.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the step of bioconverting the gibberellic acid fungi residues with black soldier fly larvae, wherein: the pretreatment process in the step S1 includes inactivating the remaining gibberellic acid at normal temperature and adjusting the pH to 5-8.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises the step of bioconverting the gibberellic acid fungi residues with black soldier fly larvae, wherein: the normal temperature inactivation method of residual gibberellic acid is to adjust the pH value of the gibberellic acid fungi residues to be more than 10 and keep the pH value for more than 6 hours.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the step of bioconverting the gibberellic acid fungi residues with black soldier fly larvae, wherein: the auxiliary materials in the step S1 are one or a mixture of more of wheat bran, rice bran powder, soybean meal, straw powder, corn flour, cottonseed hulls, peanut hull powder and wood chips.
5. The method of claim 1 or 3, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the weight ratio of the gibberellic acid fungi residues pretreated in the step S1 to the auxiliary materials is 4-7:3-6, and the water content is adjusted to 50-70%.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the step of bioconverting the gibberellic acid fungi residues with black soldier fly larvae, wherein: in the step S2, the thickness of the black soldier fly egg hatching material is below 10cm at the bottom of the incubator, and the thickness of the black soldier fly egg connected to the gauze is within 2 cm.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the step of bioconverting the gibberellic acid fungi residues with black soldier fly larvae, wherein: the addition of the pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues in the step S3 may be performed several times, and the stacking height of the pretreated gibberellic acid fungi residues added each time should be no higher than 10 cm.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the step of bioconverting the gibberellic acid fungi residues with black soldier fly larvae, wherein: in the step S3, the temperature for hatching the hermetia illucens eggs and culturing the hermetia illucens larvae is 28-35 ℃, and the humidity is 60-75%.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the step of bioconverting the gibberellic acid fungi residues with black soldier fly larvae, wherein: in the step S4, the mature hermetia illucens larvae and the waste culture material of the hermetia illucens larvae are separated by adopting a screen.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the step of bioconverting the gibberellic acid fungi residues with black soldier fly larvae, wherein: the mature hermetia illucens larvae obtained in the step S4 can be directly used as a protein feed, or can be used as a protein feed additive after being dried and ground, and the culture waste of the hermetia illucens larvae can be used as an organic fertilizer.
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