CN109607763A - A kind of porous sustained-release carbon filler and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of porous sustained-release carbon filler and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN109607763A CN109607763A CN201910090708.3A CN201910090708A CN109607763A CN 109607763 A CN109607763 A CN 109607763A CN 201910090708 A CN201910090708 A CN 201910090708A CN 109607763 A CN109607763 A CN 109607763A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
- C02F3/106—Carbonaceous materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2003/001—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage using granular carriers or supports for the microorganisms
- C02F2003/003—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage using granular carriers or supports for the microorganisms using activated carbon or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of porous sustained-release carbon fillers and preparation method thereof, filler is in terms of mass parts ratio, including following components, zeolite: cement: agricultural biomass waste: aluminium powder=1:(0.3~0.4): (0.01~0.03): (0.0005~0.0009).The invention also discloses the applications that the porous sustained-release carbon filler handles waste water in biological aerated filter.Porous sustained-release carbon filler of the invention, compared with other fillers, biofilm speed is fast under equal conditions；To pollutant (COD, NH4 +- N, TN) removal effect is good, porosity, adsorptivity, ion-exchange performance and the stronger supporting role of zeolite can not only be played, and using agricultural biomass waste as solid carbon source, additional carbon is reduced, in turn avoids the filler damage in operation later period.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water-treatment technology fields, and in particular to a kind of porous sustained-release carbon filler and preparation method thereof and answer
With.
Background technique
For nitrogen excessive emissions bring environmental problem, country has increased this binding indicator of ammonia nitrogen newly, and target is to subtract
Row.It is promoted by nearly 10 years total amount emission reduction work strengths, two COD, ammonia nitrogen target improvements are fruitful, existing
It needs that total nitrogen emission control should be implemented to the river and coastal ground level that import eutrophication lake and reservoir and the above city.
Filler can not only provide carrier for the attachment of microorganism, additionally it is possible to the suspended matter in filtering retention sewage.Filler
As BAF core component, its specific surface area, porosity, partial size, hydraulic flow state, regular shape, intensity, stability, suction
Attached equal physics, chemistry, biological nature directly affect the effect of reactor performance and sewage treatment.
The filler in the more traditional biological filter tank of domestic application is using clay and flyash as the biology of primary raw material at present
Spherical light porous haydite, haydites of book structure and import volcanic rock.Due to the price phase of biological ceramic particle and import volcanic rock filtrate
To somewhat expensive, and traditional filtrate such as plastic honeycomb filler etc. does not meet the technique requirement of BAF.Zeolite is filled out as biological aerated filter
Material, since its is in irregular shape, resistance to water-flow is big, easily blocks, water distribution, gas distribution are not easy uniformly.Zeolite surface has negative electrical charge, single
It is unfavorable for the biofilm formation growth of microorganism when solely as aerating biological filter pool filler；Walnut shell biofilm is used alone, in longtime running
Under, since microorganism decomposition causes filled column after long-play to collapse.So that the application of BAF in engineering is by very big
Limitation.Therefore, it is required for developing functional while again cheap aeration and biological filtrate.
Summary of the invention
One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a kind of porous sustained-release carbon filler, it is fast that this releases carbon filler biofilm speed, reduces
The dispensing of additional carbon, nitrogen removal performance is good, and raw material sources are extensive, and price is inexpensive.
The second object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of porous sustained-release carbon filler, the simple process of the preparation method
It is easy, the filler to comply with the national standard requirements can be prepared.
The third object of the present invention is to provide porous sustained-release carbon filler in biological aerated filter as microbe carrier
Application, compared with other fillers, the biofilm speed is fast under equal conditions.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of porous sustained-release carbon filler, in terms of mass parts ratio, including following components:
Zeolite: cement: agricultural biomass waste: aluminium powder=1:(0.3~0.4): (0.01~0.03): (0.0005~
0.0009)。
Further, in terms of mass parts ratio, including following components:
Zeolite: cement: agricultural biomass waste: aluminium powder=1:0.4:0.03:0.0005.
Further, agricultural biomass waste is one of walnut shell, chestnut shell, peanut shell, levant cotton exocarp or a variety of mixed
Close object.
Further, agricultural biomass waste is powdered, and powder diameter is less than 0.1mm.
Further, which is spherical particle, and spherical particle partial size is 6~9mm.
Further, the partial size of zeolite is 4~6mm.
The invention also discloses the preparation methods of the porous sustained-release carbon filler, comprising the following steps:
(1) powder raw material preparation: is made in zeolite, cement, agricultural biomass waste and aluminium；
(2) stirring granulation: zeolite powder, finished ground cement, agricultural biomass waste powder and aluminium powder are mixed according to the ratio,
It stirs evenly, water, which is then added, makes its mixing, by pellet processing machine at item, is finally pressed into the spherical particles of 6~9mm；
(3) it conserves: the spherical particles of preparation is conserved under field conditions (factors), survey its compression strength and be more than or equal to 40N, then it is more
Hole sustained release carbon filler is successfully prepared.
Further, the method for maintenance are as follows: spread water curing daily, water is by spherical particles surface wet.
Application the invention also discloses the porous sustained-release carbon filler as microbe carrier.
Further, porous sustained-release carbon filler time of success biofilm in biological aerated filter is 17 days.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
Porous sustained-release carbon filler disclosed by the invention, using zeolite as primary raw material, with cement, agricultural biomass waste and
Aluminium powder is prepared into coccoid filler, cement is as bonding agent, and agricultural biomass waste is as carbon source, aluminium as auxiliary material
Powder can not only play porosity, adsorptivity, ion-exchange performance and the stronger supporting role of zeolite as pore former,
And using agricultural biomass waste as solid carbon source, additional carbon is reduced, agricultural biomass waste is low in cost also
It with certain skeletal support effect, is not susceptible to block, filler is not susceptible to breakage using the later period.
Further, when the group of porous sustained-release carbon filler is divided into zeolite: cement: agricultural biomass waste: aluminium powder=1:
When 0.4:0.03:0.0005, compression strength 103.8N, mean porosities 68%, apparent density 1.65g/cm3, contain
Sand amount is 0.8587%.
Further, walnut shell, chestnut shell, flower can be used as a kind of agricultural solid residue in agricultural biomass waste
Raw shell or levant cotton exocarp, it is from a wealth of sources, cheap.
The preparation method of porous sustained-release carbon filler disclosed by the invention, because the addition of zeolite and aluminium powder, all plays into
The effect in hole, while cement has solidification, by maintenance, the compression strength of filler increases.It ensure that compression strength, guarantee
The use standard of filler, so the preparation method of this filler reduces the process of firing, using the method for natural curing, the system
Preparation Method it is simple for process, saved cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Influence of Fig. 1 content of aluminium powder to porous sustained-release carbon filler compression strength；
The influence of Fig. 2 walnut shell powder foot couple porous sustained-release carbon filler compression strength；
Influence of Fig. 3 cement content to porous sustained-release carbon filler compression strength；
COD change curve during Fig. 4 is start-up；
NH during Fig. 5 is start-up4 +- N change curve；
Fig. 6 is influence curve of the biological aerated filter operation phase hydraulic detention time to total nitrogen；
Fig. 7 is influence curve of the biological aerated filter operation phase hydraulic detention time to ammonia nitrogen；
Fig. 8 is to stop to expose the time biological aerated filter operation phase to the influence curve of total nitrogen；
Fig. 9 is to stop to expose the time biological aerated filter operation phase to the influence curve of ammonia nitrogen.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, it is described be explanation of the invention and
It is not to limit.
Porous sustained-release carbon filler of the invention, in terms of mass parts ratio, including following components, zeolite: cement: agro-ecology
Matter waste: aluminium powder=1:(0.3~0.4): (0.01~0.03): (0.0005~0.0009).
The average grain diameter of zeolite is 4~6mm, and agricultural biomass waste is sieved with 100 mesh sieve through pulverizer crushing, powder diameter
< 0.1mm.
Agricultural biomass waste be one of walnut shell, chestnut shell, peanut shell, levant cotton exocarp or a variety of mixtures, with
Under illustrate by taking walnut shell as an example.
Using zeolite as raw material, influence of the addition percentage of aluminium powder powder to compression strength is investigated, percentage here refers to
Be the percentage for accounting for weight zeolite.
As shown in Figure 1, when aluminium powder additive amount increases to 0.09% from 0.05%, compression strength is increased to by 13.41N
29.197N, when additive amount increases to 0.13% from 0.09%, hardness increases to 32.563N by 29.197.It can obtain: in aluminium
Powder additive amount from 0.05% increase to 0.09% when, the compression strength enhancing of filler is significant.Therefore, when integrated survey, aluminium powder adds
Dosage is 0.05%-0.09% in range of choice.
Using zeolite as raw material, influence of the addition percentage of walnut shell powder to compression strength, percentage here are investigated
Refer to accounting for the percentage of weight zeolite.
As shown in Figure 2, when walnut shell content of powder is by 0-5%, the compression strength of filler declines rapidly, by under 73.31N
It is down to 24.906N, walnut shell powder additive amount is most fast by filler compression strength decline when 1%-3%.Therefore, integrated survey resistance to compression
It is 1%-3% that intensity, which selects walnut shell powder additive amount range, can guarantee compression strength and organic carbon content simultaneously.
Using zeolite as raw material, influence of the addition percentage of finished ground cement to compression strength is investigated, percentage here refers to
Be the percentage for accounting for weight zeolite.
From the figure 3, it may be seen that filler compression strength increases from 18.16N when cement addition percentage increases to 40% from 20%
It is added to 95.16N.Wherein, when cement addition percentage increases to 40% from 30%, filler compression strength is increased to from 53.16N
The compression strength of 93.16N, filler significantly increase.Therefore it chooses 30%-40% cement addition percentage range and investigates filler resistance to compression
Intensity is ideal.
Comprehensively consider these three factors (additive amount of walnut shell, the additive amount of aluminium powder, cement additive amount) it is anti-to filler
The orthogonal test L9 (3 of Three factors-levels is made in the influence of Compressive Strength3).Its orthogonal design table is as shown in table 1.
By orthogonal experiments table 1 it is found that the size of R value indicates that orthogonal test compression strength institute is impacted: cement addition
Amount > aluminium powder additive amount > walnut shell powder additive amount.Cement content corresponding 1 is 30% in orthogonal arrage, and 2 be 35%, and 3 are
40%, content of aluminium powder corresponding 1 is 0.05%, and 2 be 0.07%, and 3 be 0.09%, and walnut shell content of powder corresponding 1 is 1%, 2
It is 2%, 3 be 3%.
It can be obtained from table 1, filler is 40% in cement content, content of aluminium powder 0.05%, and walnut shell content of powder is
When 3%, the filler of preparation also ensures the index of its compression strength while guaranteeing that it releases carbon performance.
1 orthogonal experiments of table
Tab.1 Results of orthogonal experiments
The explanation of embodiment is carried out according to orthogonal arrage:
Embodiment 1
(1) powder raw material preparation: is made in zeolite, cement, walnut shell and aluminium；
(2) stirring granulation: by the powder according to zeolite powder: finished ground cement: walnut shell powder: aluminium powder=100:30:
The mass parts ratio of 1:0.05 mixes, and stirs evenly by blender stirring 10min, and water, which is then added, makes its mixing, passes through system
Ball machine is finally pressed into the spherical particles of 6mm at item；
(3) it conserves: the spherical particles of preparation being conserved under field conditions (factors), spread water curing daily, each water is all by ball-type
Particle surface soaks, and conserves successfully when conserving 12 days, i.e. porous sustained-release carbon filler is successfully prepared.
Compressive strength determination is carried out to the porous sustained-release carbon filler of preparation, bead of uniform size is randomly selected, uses servo
Material Multifunctional high-low temperature control testing machine (AI-7000-NGD) surveys its compression strength, obtains the Mean Crush that bead can be born
Intensity is 53.23N, meets the strength criterion People's Republic of China (PRC) city-building professional standard (CJ/T 299-that comes into operation
2008)。
Embodiment 2
(1) powder raw material preparation: is made in zeolite, cement, walnut shell and aluminium；
(2) stirring granulation: by the powder according to zeolite powder: finished ground cement: walnut shell powder: aluminium powder=100:30:
The mass parts ratio of 2:0.07 mixes, and stirs evenly by blender stirring 20min, and water, which is then added, makes its mixing, passes through system
Ball machine is finally pressed into the spherical particles of 7mm at item；
(3) it conserves: the spherical particles of preparation being conserved under field conditions (factors), spread water curing daily, each water is all by ball-type
Particle surface soaks, and conserves successfully when conserving 12 days, i.e. porous sustained-release carbon filler is successfully prepared.
Compressive strength determination is carried out to the porous sustained-release carbon filler of preparation, bead of uniform size is randomly selected, uses servo
Material Multifunctional high-low temperature control testing machine (AI-7000-NGD) surveys its compression strength, obtains the Mean Crush that bead can be born
Intensity is 60.96N, meets the strength criterion People's Republic of China (PRC) city-building professional standard (CJ/T 299-that comes into operation
2008)。
Embodiment 3
(1) powder raw material preparation: is made in zeolite, cement, walnut shell and aluminium；
(2) stirring granulation: by the powder according to zeolite powder: finished ground cement: walnut shell powder: aluminium powder=100:30:
The mass parts ratio of 3:0.09 mixes, and stirs evenly by blender stirring 10min, and water, which is then added, makes its mixing, passes through system
Ball machine is finally pressed into the spherical particles of 8mm at item；
(3) it conserves: the spherical particles of preparation being conserved under field conditions (factors), spread water curing daily, each water is all by ball-type
Particle surface soaks, and conserves successfully when conserving 12 days, i.e. porous sustained-release carbon filler is successfully prepared.
Compressive strength determination is carried out to the porous sustained-release carbon filler of preparation, bead of uniform size is randomly selected, uses servo
Material Multifunctional high-low temperature control testing machine (AI-7000-NGD) surveys its compression strength, obtains the Mean Crush that bead can be born
Intensity is 65.37N, meets the strength criterion People's Republic of China (PRC) city-building professional standard (CJ/T 299-that comes into operation
2008)。
Embodiment 4
(1) powder raw material preparation: is made in zeolite, cement, walnut shell and aluminium；
(2) stirring granulation: by the powder according to zeolite powder: finished ground cement: walnut shell powder: aluminium powder=100:35:
The mass parts ratio of 2:0.05 mixes, and stirs evenly by blender stirring 10min, and water, which is then added, makes its mixing, passes through system
Ball machine is finally pressed into the spherical particles of 8mm at item；
(3) it conserves: the spherical particles of preparation being conserved under field conditions (factors), spread water curing daily, each water is all by ball-type
Particle surface soaks, and conserves successfully when conserving 12 days, i.e. porous sustained-release carbon filler is successfully prepared.
Compressive strength determination is carried out to the porous sustained-release carbon filler of preparation, bead of uniform size is randomly selected, uses servo
Material Multifunctional high-low temperature control testing machine (AI-7000-NGD) surveys its compression strength, obtains the Mean Crush that bead can be born
Intensity is 85.88N, meets the strength criterion People's Republic of China (PRC) city-building professional standard (CJ/T 299-that comes into operation
2008)。
Embodiment 5
(1) powder raw material preparation: is made in zeolite, cement, walnut shell and aluminium；
(2) stirring granulation: by the powder according to zeolite powder: finished ground cement: walnut shell powder: aluminium powder=100:35:
The mass parts ratio of 3:0.07 mixes, and stirs evenly by blender stirring 15min, and water, which is then added, makes its mixing, passes through system
Ball machine is finally pressed into the spherical particles of 9mm at item；
(3) it conserves: the spherical particles of preparation being conserved under field conditions (factors), spread water curing daily, each water is all by ball-type
Particle surface soaks, and conserves successfully when conserving 12 days, i.e. porous sustained-release carbon filler is successfully prepared.
Compressive strength determination is carried out to the porous sustained-release carbon filler of preparation, bead of uniform size is randomly selected, uses servo
Material Multifunctional high-low temperature control testing machine (AI-7000-NGD) surveys its compression strength, obtains the Mean Crush that bead can be born
Intensity is 79.01N, meets the strength criterion People's Republic of China (PRC) city-building professional standard (CJ/T 299-that comes into operation
2008)。
Embodiment 6
(1) powder raw material preparation: is made in zeolite, cement, walnut shell and aluminium；
(2) stirring granulation: by the powder according to zeolite powder: finished ground cement: walnut shell powder: aluminium powder=100:35:
The mass parts ratio of 1:0.09 mixes, and stirs evenly by blender stirring 10min, and water, which is then added, makes its mixing, passes through system
Ball machine is finally pressed into the spherical particles of 8mm at item；
(3) it conserves: the spherical particles of preparation being conserved under field conditions (factors), spread water curing daily, each water is all by ball-type
Particle surface soaks, and conserves successfully when conserving 12 days, i.e. porous sustained-release carbon filler is successfully prepared.
Compressive strength determination is carried out to the porous sustained-release carbon filler of preparation, bead of uniform size is randomly selected, uses servo
Material Multifunctional high-low temperature control testing machine (AI-7000-NGD) surveys its compression strength, obtains the Mean Crush that bead can be born
Intensity is 53.62N, meets the strength criterion People's Republic of China (PRC) city-building professional standard (CJ/T 299-that comes into operation
2008)。
Embodiment 7
(1) powder raw material preparation: is made in zeolite, cement, walnut shell and aluminium；
(2) stirring granulation: by the powder according to zeolite powder: finished ground cement: walnut shell powder: aluminium powder=100:40:
The mass parts ratio of 3:0.05 mixes, and stirs evenly by blender stirring 10min, and water, which is then added, makes its mixing, passes through system
Ball machine is finally pressed into the spherical particles of 8mm at item；
(3) it conserves: the spherical particles of preparation being conserved under field conditions (factors), spread water curing daily, each water is all by ball-type
Particle surface soaks, and conserves successfully when conserving 12 days, i.e. porous sustained-release carbon filler is successfully prepared.
Compressive strength determination is carried out to the porous sustained-release carbon filler of preparation, bead of uniform size is randomly selected, uses servo
Material Multifunctional high-low temperature control testing machine (AI-7000-NGD) surveys its compression strength, obtains the Mean Crush that bead can be born
Intensity is 103.8N, meets the strength criterion People's Republic of China (PRC) city-building professional standard (CJ/T 299-that comes into operation
2008)。
Embodiment 8
(1) powder raw material preparation: is made in zeolite, cement, walnut shell and aluminium；
(2) stirring granulation: by the powder according to zeolite powder: finished ground cement: walnut shell powder: aluminium powder=100:40:
The mass parts ratio of 1:0.07 mixes, and stirs evenly by blender stirring 15min, and water, which is then added, makes its mixing, passes through system
Ball machine is finally pressed into the spherical particles of 8mm at item；
(3) it conserves: the spherical particles of preparation being conserved under field conditions (factors), spread water curing daily, each water is all by ball-type
Particle surface soaks, and conserves successfully when conserving 12 days, i.e. porous sustained-release carbon filler is successfully prepared.
Compressive strength determination is carried out to the porous sustained-release carbon filler of preparation, bead of uniform size is randomly selected, uses servo
Material Multifunctional high-low temperature control testing machine (AI-7000-NGD) surveys its compression strength, obtains the Mean Crush that bead can be born
Intensity is 97.24N, meets the strength criterion People's Republic of China (PRC) city-building professional standard (CJ/T 299-that comes into operation
2008)。
Embodiment 9
(1) powder raw material preparation: is made in zeolite, cement, walnut shell and aluminium；
(2) stirring granulation: by the powder according to zeolite powder: finished ground cement: walnut shell powder: aluminium powder=100:40:
The mass parts ratio of 2:0.09 mixes, and stirs evenly by blender stirring 10min, and water, which is then added, makes its mixing, passes through system
Ball machine is finally pressed into the spherical particles of 8mm at item；
(3) it conserves: the spherical particles of preparation being conserved under field conditions (factors), spread water curing daily, each water is all by ball-type
Particle surface soaks, and conserves successfully when conserving 12 days, i.e. porous sustained-release carbon filler is successfully prepared.
Compressive strength determination is carried out to the porous sustained-release carbon filler of preparation, bead of uniform size is randomly selected, uses servo
Material Multifunctional high-low temperature control testing machine (AI-7000-NGD) surveys its compression strength, obtains the Mean Crush that bead can be born
Intensity is 70.08N, meets the strength criterion People's Republic of China (PRC) city-building professional standard (CJ/T 299-that comes into operation
2008)。
Embodiment 7 is optimal as can be seen from the above embodiments, and the mean compressive strength that bead can be born is 103.8 N, surveys
Obtaining its mean porosities is 68%, apparent density 1.65g/cm3, silt content 0.8587%, the unit mass carbon of the filler
It releases carbon rate and reaches 0.675mg/ (gh) in source.
Applying filler prepared by above-described embodiment 7 is specifically implemented according to the following steps in biological aerated filter:
Step 1, the static biofilm stage
The porous sustained-release carbon filler bead of above-mentioned preparation is packed into biological aerated filter, and activated sludge is injected in filter tank
Stewing exposure is carried out, sludge activity recovery is made, sludge dosage, which is subject to, fills filter tank, with the water inlet of small water after seed sludge, and leads to
Enter air and carry out aeration stirring, in filter tank 1/3 upper solution is taken out, and supplements simulated wastewater within every 24 hours, daily timing
Effluent of aeration biological filter water quality is monitored, i.e. monitoring pH, DO, COD, TN and NH4 +Each parameter of-N, and observation is filled out under the microscope
The upgrowth situation of microorganism on material；Continuous cultivation stage is entered after 7 days；
Step 2, continuous cultivation stage
Discharge fails the suspension microorganism of effective biofilm, with simulated wastewater continuum micromeehanics and is passed through air, keeps biological filter
The hydraulic detention time in pond is 12h, keeps dissolved oxygen concentration in 4mg/L during biofilm, before dissolved oxygen concentration is met the requirements
It puts, reduces aeration quantity to the greatest extent, the reactor effluent quality of timing detection daily, i.e. monitoring pH, DO, COD, TN and NH4 +- N respectively joins
Number, and observe the upgrowth situation of microorganism on filler；If effluent quality fluctuates smaller, COD and NH4 +- N removal rate tends towards stability,
Reach 60% or more, can be observed to illustrate containing more campanularian through domestication culture after a period of time in water outlet under the microscope,
Biomembrane has formed and has just been grown into maturation, there is stronger anti-load impact ability, determines biofilm success；
Step 3, the biological aerated filter operation phase
After biofilm success, in pH value 7.5~8.5, inlet COD concentration 300mg/L, NH4 +- N concentration is 30mg/L condition
Lower operation, daily periodic monitor reactor effluent quality, i.e. monitoring pH, dissolved oxygen, COD, TN, NH4 +-N、NO2 -- N and NO3 --N
Water quality indicator.
Biological aerated filter start-up operational effect is illustrated below:
(1) COD concentration and its removal rate during start-up
For biological aerated filter, from fig. 4, it can be seen that initial start stage, the growth of microorganism is still in laundering period, reaction
Device relies primarily on the suction-operated of porous sustained-release carbon filler to the removal of former Organic substance in water.Later, the removal rate of COD slightly under
Gradually go up after drop, and reach maximum in 8d, is 95.6%.The biological aerated filter systematic comparison formed during this is multiple
Miscellaneous, reactor relies primarily on the microbial action on porous sustained-release carbon filler carrier to the removal of COD, including microorganism is to small point
The degradation of sub- organic matter, decomposition of the extracellular microbial exoenzyme to larger molecular organics, biological adsorption flocculation and above-mentioned
The suction-operated for the porous sustained-release carbon filler mentioned.Hereafter, the removal rate of COD starts to fluctuate, and after 10d rapidly under
Drop.This is because microorganism has adapted to the growing environment of reactor, and growing multiplication is too fast during this 10d, have accumulated thicker
Biomembrane, causes filler bottom aeration head by microorganism clogging, and oxygen and nutriment etc. cannot uniformly diffuse to biomembrane
Inside, the biomembrane that biomembrane starts anaerobism and falls off, but falls off are not taken out of in time with water outlet and have been further exacerbated by filler
Blocking.And the microorganism on the filler on top, due to that can not obtain sufficient oxygen and nutriment, degradation efficiency is deteriorated.
After leisure 12d backwash carries out, the removal rate of COD gradually restores, and reaches basicly stable after 14d rapidly.This with
The upgrowth situation of biomembrane above-mentioned is consistent.
Meanwhile the COD removal rate of biological aerated filter is basicly stable in preceding 8d, and reaches maximum in 8d.The process is total
It experienced three phases: laundering period, Fast growth phase, stabilization sub stage.
(2) NH during starting4 +- N concentration and its removal rate
As shown in Figure 5: biological aerated filter is 47.95% in the removal rate of the initial biofilm stage ammonia nitrogen of initial start stage.It exposes
Gas biofilter ammonia nitrogen removal frank with higher is primarily due in porous sustained-release carbon filler containing a large amount of zeolites, zeolite
Suction-operated is played to ammonia nitrogen, while the slow release of carbon source is also beneficial to the progress of denitrification process, goes to improve ammonia nitrogen
Except rate.After the 12nd day is backwashed, the ammonia nitrogen removal frank of biological aerated filter is declined, but then removal rate is steady
It improves, removal rate is substantially 80% or more.This is because there is competitive advantage in biofilm initial stage organic loading height carbonization heterotroph,
Nitrifier is using ammonia nitrogen as nutriment, and high organic loading can inhibit the growth of nitrifier.This explanation is being run in reactor
Initial stage major carbonization heterotrophic bacteria growth and breeding is very fast, and nitrifier and nitrococcus microbial biomass are few, and nitration reaction is not thorough.
With the extension of biofilm time, nitrifier has adapted to the environment of filter material surface with denitrifying bacterium, and the growth of two kinds of bacteriums reaches flat
Weighing apparatus.Therefore, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is begun to ramp up.And as operation tends towards stability.And biological aerated filter is after the 17th day,
Ammonia nitrogen removal frank reaches 80% or more, illustrates biofilm success at this time, has formed relatively stable biomembrane on filler.
Biological aerated filter starting operation microscopic examination result:
In initial start stage, reactor fluctuation of service, effluent quality is poor, can be observed have grass in water outlet under the microscope
The microorganisms such as worm, wheel animalcule, tired branch worm are carried out, paramecium indicates that system loading is low, and dissolved oxygen is low；It is considerable with the operation of reactor
It observes in water outlet with the presence of a large amount of campanularians, the front end peristoma of polypide has ciliated band, and polypide is in typical bell-shaped, therefore claims clock
Worm belongs to protozoan.Either single or group type, it is raw in the aeration tank and filter tank of biological wastewater treatment factory
Long very abundant can promote the flocculation reaction of activated sludge, and largely can prey on free bacteria and use clarification of water.Campanularian it is big
Amount occur be Activated Sludge Growth maturation performance, expression treatment effect it is good.
The optimization of biological aerated filter operating parameter
(1) hydraulic detention time
In pH 7.5~8.5, inlet COD concentration 300mg/L, NH4 +- N concentration is under the service condition of 40mg/L.Waterpower
Residence time is (to TN, NH when HRT is respectively 8,12,24,48h4 +The influence situation of-N removal rate.Hydraulic detention time such as Fig. 6 institute
Show.
Fig. 6 shows biological aerated filter total nitrogen removal effect.When hydraulic detention time is 8h, biological aerated filter is total
Nitrogen removal efficiency is stepped up；When hydraulic detention time is 12h, nitrogen removal rate gradually declines；When continuing growing hydraulic retention
Between, nitrogen removal rate gradually rises, and tends towards stability when hydraulic detention time is 48h, and removal rate reaches 73.68%.Figure
7 under conditions of four kinds of hydraulic detention times, and the ammonia nitrogen removal frank of biological aerated filter does not have too big variation, hydraulic loading
48h is risen to by 8h, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen only rises 2.7%, but is always maintained at higher removal rate.
Test result shows: reactor just has in the case that biological aerated filter has certain hydraulic detention time
The ability of certain anti-shock loading, when hydraulic detention time is 48h, biological aerated filter ammonia nitrogen removal effect is best.This
It is because hydraulic detention time is too low, and water velocity is accelerated, prevent substrate is from by nitre in gas-water ratio, one timing of ammonia nitrogen concentration
Change bacterium fully degraded, the growth and breeding of nitrifier is affected, and is unfavorable for the removal of ammonia nitrogen；In addition, when flow rate is too fast
When, the shearing force for filtering intermediary water can become larger, and surface biological film is caused to fall off, and reduce the removal efficiency of pollutant.
Further, since nitrobacteria, denitrifying bacteria growth for when it is slow, when water volume flow rate accelerate, hydraulic detention time
When reduction, due to lacking its growth vigor of substrate in the competition with carbonization heterotroph in unfavorable status, and can be serious
It is affected, declines its bioactivity, and then decline the nitrification ability of biological aerated filter.It is in hydraulic detention time
For 24 hours and when 48h, it can be observed a large amount of campanularians occur in water outlet under the microscope, the microorganisms such as wheel animalcule illustrate biological aerated filter
Treatment effect is preferable.
(2) stop to expose the time
In pH 7.5~8.5, inlet COD concentration 300mg/L, NH4 +- N concentration is under the service condition of 40mg/L.Stop exposing
To TN, NH when time is respectively 2,4,6,8,12h4 +The influence situation of-N removal rate.Stop exposing the time to total nitrogen as shown in figure 8, stopping
It is as shown in Figure 9 to expose influence of the time to ammonia nitrogen.
As shown in Figure 8, for biological aerated filter, when stopping exposing 2h, total nitrogen removal effect obviously rises, from
55.29% rises to 89.82%；(this is the total nitrogen variation for stopping exposing 2h of Fig. 8) Fig. 9 shows that ammonia nitrogen removal effect is fine, goes
Except rate tends towards stability, and reach 100%.Later when stop expose the time be adjusted to 4h when, nitrogen removal rate is down to from 100%
74.85%, ammonia nitrogen drops to 88.25% from previous 100%；When stopping to expose the time later is 6h and 8h, nitrogen removal rate exists
It is fluctuated between 94.89%-76.32%, ammonia nitrogen removal frank fluctuates between 100%-83%；When stopping exposing the time is 12h, total nitrogen
Removal rate gradually tends to be steady, and is maintained at 94.73% or more, and ammonia nitrogen removal frank is steadily increasing, and up to 94%.
The result shows that: carrying out indirect aeration to biological aerated filter can significantly improve always compared to lasting aeration condition
Nitrogen removal efficiency is because in a certain range, when high organic loading waste experience aerobic-anaerobic-anaerobism number being allowed to increase
Between it is longer, organic matter duration under oxygen environment shortens, therefore consumes less, while just having under low-oxygen environment enough
Machine substrate carries out denitrification denitrogenation, so that TN removal rate is higher.The specific growth rate of nitrobacteria and the amount of DO are proportional, one
Determine in range, the time of aeration is longer, and the removal rate of TN is also higher.Because in the removal process of TN, need a certain amount of to have
Electron donor of the machine object as reduction nitrate can be endless because reacting progress caused by electron donor deficiency if organic object amount is insufficient
Entirely, and in porous sustained-release carbon filler the walnut shell powder contained can continue slow release carbon source and provide part carbon for denitrification
Source, so that denitrification efficiency is significantly raised.
Conventional filler haydite (CAC) is used as aerating biological filter pool filler, by filler of the invention in biological aerated filter
In application process start operation, COD and ammonia nitrogen removal effect distinguish as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, COD and ammonia nitrogen during starting
Removal rate reach 80% and stable operation needs 21 days, and thought at 21 days the success of its biofilm, it is believed that its biomembrane is steady
It is fixed to be successfully attached to filler surface.
Porous sustained-release carbon filler of the invention, compared with other fillers, biofilm speed is fast under equal conditions, and biofilm success is big
About only need 17 days；To pollutant (COD, NH4 +- N, TN) removal effect is good, and filler is common agricultural waste, and source is wide
It is general, it is cheap, it is suitble to a large amount of use.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of porous sustained-release carbon filler, which is characterized in that in terms of mass parts ratio, including following components:
Zeolite: cement: agricultural biomass waste: aluminium powder=1:(0.3~0.4): (0.01~0.03): (0.0005~
0.0009)。
2. porous sustained-release carbon filler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in terms of mass parts ratio, including with the following group
Point:
Zeolite: cement: agricultural biomass waste: aluminium powder=1:0.4:0.03:0.0005.
3. porous sustained-release carbon filler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that agricultural biomass waste be walnut shell,
One of chestnut shell, peanut shell, levant cotton exocarp or a variety of mixtures.
4. porous sustained-release carbon filler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that agricultural biomass waste be it is powdered,
Powder diameter is less than 0.1mm.
5. porous sustained-release carbon filler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the filler is spherical particle, spherical particle
Partial size is 6~9mm.
6. porous sustained-release carbon filler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the partial size of zeolite is 4~6mm.
7. the preparation method of the porous sustained-release carbon filler as described in claim 1~6 any one, which is characterized in that including with
Lower step:
(1) powder raw material preparation: is made in zeolite, cement, agricultural biomass waste and aluminium；
(2) stirring granulation: zeolite powder, finished ground cement, agricultural biomass waste powder and aluminium powder are mixed according to the ratio, are stirred
Uniformly, water is then added makes its mixing, by pellet processing machine at item, is finally pressed into the spherical particles of 6~9mm；
(3) it conserves: the spherical particles of preparation is conserved under field conditions (factors), survey its compression strength and be more than or equal to 40N, then it is porous slow
Carbon filler is released to be successfully prepared.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the method for maintenance are as follows: spread water curing daily, water is by ball
Type particle surface soaks.
9. application of the porous sustained-release carbon filler as microbe carrier described in claim 1~6 any one.
10. application according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the success in biological aerated filter of porous sustained-release carbon filler
The time of biofilm is 17 days.
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Application publication date: 20190412 |