CN109600159A - Based on the Beam synthesis framework for being highly multiplexed true delay unit - Google Patents
Based on the Beam synthesis framework for being highly multiplexed true delay unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN109600159A CN109600159A CN201811257064.4A CN201811257064A CN109600159A CN 109600159 A CN109600159 A CN 109600159A CN 201811257064 A CN201811257064 A CN 201811257064A CN 109600159 A CN109600159 A CN 109600159A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
- H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
- H04B7/086—Weighted combining using weights depending on external parameters, e.g. direction of arrival [DOA], predetermined weights or beamforming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0891—Space-time diversity
- H04B7/0897—Space-time diversity using beamforming per multi-path, e.g. to cope with different directions of arrival [DOA] at different multi-paths
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
Framework is synthesized based on the broadband beams for being highly multiplexed true time delay elements the present invention relates to a kind of, including multiple low noise amplifier modules, multiple buffers and multiple true time delay elements, low noise amplifier module is located at the front end of multi-beam matrix, to be amplified to the signal from space and reduce noise, buffer module compensation insertion loss simultaneously plays buffer action, it is characterized in that, utilize the true time delay elements of multiplexing, precise delay, which is generated, by horizontal and vertical delay line realizes that the constant delay of adjacent antenna to output port is poor, to make up the time difference for receiving signal, in-phase stacking is carried out to coherent signal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is suitable for the multi-field super broad band radio communication systems and mimo system such as radar, satellite communication, military affairs,
Especially wideband multi-beam forms field, also provides a kind of new realization approach to 5G technology.
Background technique
The principle of Beam synthesis is: when receiving signal, useful signal direction forms constructive interference, enhances desired signal, and
Destructive interference is formed in other angles, inhibits interference signal, the sensitivity of receiver can be improved significantly.Multi-beam synthesizes skill
Art can produce it is multiple exist simultaneously, direction high-gain wave beam independent is realized certain by multiple wave beam collective effects
The covering of angular range.In wireless communications, multiple signals interference is inevitable, and limits the quality of communication, because
This is steady, accurate, the group delay in broadband is of crucial importance for phased array.
In narrowband phased array, the phase difference that the incidence wave of different directions reaches each antenna is smaller, is adjusted using phase shifter
Fixed phase can make the same Xiang Jiaqiang of receiving end signal.But ultra-wideband communication system carries out signal using short-time pulse
Transmission, produces broadband frequency response[1-3], then will lead to the wave beam to be formed using phase shifter and generate offset, influence the property of system
Energy.Therefore, phase shifter need to be replaced to realize the constructive superposition of ultra-broadband signal using true time delay elements[2-4].Based on true time delay
There are many traditional Beam synthesis frameworks of unit, for example, Brute-force framework and Blass framework[2,5-6], enter four four and go out
When, total delay unit number is 48 τ, and true time delay structure is shared in the path that ChuT S and HashemiH are proposed[7], by delay
The multiplexing of unit, total delay unit number are 24 τ.Although being suitable for ultra-wideband communication system, due to big delay time
A large amount of chip areas can be occupied.
Pertinent literature:
[1]Moallemi S,Welker R,Kitchen J.Wide band programmable true time
delay block for phased array antenna
applications[C]//CircuitsandSystemsConference.IEEE,2017.
[2]LiuY,ZhangW,LiuY.Afully integrated4-channelbeamformerbasedon TTD
phased array in 0.18μm CMOS[J].MicroelectronicsJournal,2018:81-86.
[3]AriyarathnaV,UdayangaN,MadanayakeA,et al.Design methodology ofan
analog 9-beam squint-free widebandIFmulti-beamformerformmWapplications[C]//E
ngineeringResearchConference.IEEE,2017:236.
[4]ChuTS,RoderickJ,HashemiH.AnIntegratedUltra-WidebandTimedArrayRece
iverin0.13umCMOS Using a Path-Sharing True Time Delay Architecture[J].IEEE
Journal of Solid-State Circuits,2007,42(12):2834-2850.
[5]Chu T S,Hashemi H.A CMOS UWB Camera with 7×7Simultaneous Active
Pixels[C]//Solid-State CircuitsConference,2008.ISSCC2008.DigestofTechnicalPa
pers.IEEEInternational.IEEE,2008:120-600.
[6]Chu T S,Hashemi H.True-Time-Delay-BasedMulti-BeamArrays[J].IEEE
Transactions on Microwave Theory&Techniques,2013,61(8):3072-3082.
[7]Chu T S,Hashemi H.A true time-delay-based bandpass multi-beam
array at mm-waves supporting instantaneouslywidebandwidths[C]
.IEEEInternationalSolid-StateCircuitsConference.IEEE,2010:38-39.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of Beam synthesis framework, the shared height with true time delay elements of passage path
Degree multiplexing, reduces the complexity of circuit, the stability of delay is realized in broadband, the multidirectional with Beam synthesis.And it should
Inventive architecture meets the central symmetry heart and expansibility.Technical scheme is as follows:
It is a kind of based on the Beam synthesis framework for being highly multiplexed true delay unit, including multiple low noise amplifier modules, it is more
A buffer and multiple true time delay elements, low noise amplifier module are located at the front end of multi-beam matrix, to from space
Signal amplify and reduce noise, buffer module compensation insertion loss simultaneously plays buffer action, which is characterized in that utilizes
The true time delay elements of multiplexing generate precise delay by horizontal and vertical delay line and realize adjacent antenna to output port
Constant delay is poor, to make up the time difference for receiving signal, carries out in-phase stacking to coherent signal.If being inputted using 2M antenna
It is exported with 2M, each antenna is located on lateral transport line, and output port is located on longitudinal transmission line, the delay of lateral transport line
Time is M τ, and the delay time of longitudinal transmission line is (2K-1) τ, K=1,2 ... ..., M, and each true time delay elements meet symmetry
With the amphicheirality of signal flow, the consistency of delay unit multiplexing and delay is realized with guarantee.
Four antennas can be used, the received spacing wave of first antenna successively pass through the first low noise amplifier module, the
One buffer and the second buffer to the first output port, the received spacing wave of the second antenna, which successively passes through the second low noise, to be put
Big device module, third buffer, the true time delay elements of the one 3 τ and the second buffer to the first output port, third antenna are received
Spacing wave successively passes through third low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the one 2 τ, the true time delay elements of the 2nd 2 τ, the 3rd 2 τ
True time delay elements, the first buffer and the second buffer are to the first output port；The 4th received spacing wave of antenna successively passes through
Cross the 4th low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 4th 2 τ, the true time delay elements of the 5th 2 τ, the true time delay elements of the 6th 2 τ,
Three buffers, the true time delay elements of the one 3 τ and the second buffer to the first output port；
The received spacing wave of first antenna successively pass through the first low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 3rd 2 τ,
To second output terminal mouth, the received spacing wave of the second antenna successively passes through the second low noise for 4th buffer and the 5th buffer
Amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 6th 2 τ, hex buffer, the true time delay elements of the first τ and the 5th buffer are exported to second
Port, the received spacing wave of third antenna successively pass through third low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the one 2 τ, second
The true time delay elements of 2 τ, the 4th buffer and the 5th buffer are to second output terminal mouth, and the 4th received spacing wave of antenna is successively
It is true by the 4th low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 4th 2 τ, the true time delay elements of the 5th 2 τ, hex buffer, the first τ
Time delay elements and the 5th buffer are to second output terminal mouth；
The received spacing wave of first antenna successively pass through the first low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 3rd 2 τ,
The true time delay elements of 2nd 2 τ, the 7th buffer, the true time delay elements of the 2nd τ and the 8th buffer are to third output port, and second day
The received spacing wave of line successively passes through the second low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 6th 2 τ, the true time delay list of the 5th 2 τ
To third output port, it is low that the received spacing wave of third antenna successively passes through third for member, the 9th buffer and the 8th buffer
Noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the one 2 τ, the 7th buffer, the true time delay elements of the 2nd τ and the 8th buffer are to third
Output port, the 4th received spacing wave of antenna successively pass through the 4th low noise amplifier module, the 4th 2 true time delay elements of τ.
9th buffer and the 8th buffer are to third output port；
The received spacing wave of first antenna successively pass through the first low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 3rd 2 τ,
The true time delay elements of 2nd 2 τ, the true time delay elements of the one 2 τ, the tenth buffer, the true time delay elements of the 2nd 3 τ and the 11st buffer arrive
4th output port, the received spacing wave of the second antenna successively pass through the second low noise amplifier module, the 6th 2 true time delay of τ
Unit, the true time delay elements of the 5th 2 τ, the true time delay elements of the 4th 2 τ, the 12nd buffer and the 11st buffer to the 4th output end
Mouthful, the received spacing wave of third antenna successively passes through third low noise amplifier module, the tenth buffer, the 2nd 3 true time delay of τ
Unit and the 11st buffer to the 4th output port, the 4th received spacing wave of antenna successively pass through the 4th low noise amplification
Device module, the 12nd buffer and the 11st buffer to the 4th output port.
The present invention has the advantage that compared with prior art
(1) the height multiplexing of circuit module of the present invention, total delay unit number is only 20 τ when four four output of input, total to be delayed
Number is few, and chip area is low, low in energy consumption.
(2) present invention has expansibility, can be formed simultaneously the multi-beam input and output of even number port.
(3) present invention is highly integrated, merges low-noise amplifier, buffer, 0 τ, 2 τ, the multiple modules of the true time delay elements of 3 τ.
(4) return loss of the present invention is small, and gain is big, wide bandwidth, and the small, good directionality of delay fluctuating receives signal and covers model
It encloses wide.
(5) circuit structure of the present invention is simple, and complexity is low, and overall cost is cheap.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on the novel Beam synthesis frameworks for being highly multiplexed true time delay elements.
Fig. 2 is extension framework of the invention.
Fig. 3 is low-noise amplifier used in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is buffer used in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is τ used in the present invention, 2 τ and the true time delay elements of 3 τ.
Fig. 6 is input reflection coefficient S11 of the present invention and output reflection coefficient S22 simulation result.
Fig. 7 is overall gain simulation result of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is each communication channel delay simulation result of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is Direction Pattern Simulation result of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To keep the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical solution and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing and tool
Body embodiment is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is of the present invention based on the novel Beam synthesis architecture diagram for being highly multiplexed true time delay elements, including low noise
Amplifier module, buffer module and true time delay module.Low-noise amplifier is located at the front end of multi-beam matrix, to from space
Signal amplify and reduce noise.Buffer compensation insertion loss simultaneously plays buffer action.Pass through horizontal and vertical delay
Line generates precise delay and then realizes that the constant delay of adjacent antenna to output port is poor, to make up the time for receiving signal
Difference carries out in-phase stacking to coherent signal
Fig. 2 is the expander graphs of the present invention based on the novel Beam synthesis framework for being highly multiplexed true time delay elements, can be expanded
2M antenna input of exhibition and 2M output, as shown in Fig. 2, antenna is located on lateral transport line, output port is located at longitudinal transmission
On line.The delay time of lateral transport line is M τ, the delay time of longitudinal transmission line be (2K-1) τ (K=1,2 ..., M).
Fig. 3 is of the present invention low based on ultra wide band used by the novel Beam synthesis framework of true time delay elements is highly multiplexed
Noise amplifier reduces noise using noise cancellation technique, improves gain and weakens the influence of post-module noise.It uses
Low-noise amplifier bilateral symmetry uses common source parallel feedback and carries out noise cancellation, gm4With gm7It is transistor M4 and crystalline substance respectively
The mutual conductance of body pipe M7.As long as R1, gm4With gm7Value adjustment it is suitable, the thermal noise voltage of M1 can successfully be offset in output end.This
Outside, transistor M1 and M2 uses current multiplexing technology, can reduce power consumption.
Fig. 4 is of the present invention based on being highly multiplexed buffer used by the novel Beam synthesis framework of true time delay elements,
The gain of the buffer increases with the increase of frequency, the insertion loss that the true time delay elements of effective compensation introduce, therefore obtains
Larger and high flatness gain.Meanwhile buffer amplifier has good buffer action, making will not mutual shadow between each port
It rings.
Fig. 5 is of the present invention based on being highly multiplexed τ used by the novel Beam synthesis framework of true time delay elements, 2 τ and 3 τ
True time delay elements, using passive LC filter as true time delay elements, true time delay elements meet symmetry and amphicheirality, to guarantee
Realize the consistency of delay unit multiplexing and delay.And active delay unit is compared, and additional noise and power consumption will not be introduced.
Adjusting true time delay elements makes it meet the delay requirement of τ, 2 τ, 3 τ.Delay unit includes 2 τ modules, 23 τ modules, 62 τ
Module, total number that is delayed is 20 τ.LC filter true time delay elements in source used in the present invention, compared with the trapezoidal transmission line of traditional LC,
On the basis of meeting similar group delay, capacitor number used in the true time delay elements of the LC is substantially reduced, and is effectively reduced area.
Stable group delay in order to obtain, between modules should impedance matching, be matched to 50 ohm.Input/output terminal
Mouth meets matching, and input/output signal is differential signal, is matched to 100 ohm.
The present invention uses HHNEC CMOS 0.18um technique, is emulated using Cadence RF Spectre to circuit
Verifying.
System is reflected in Fig. 6 input and output of the present invention based on the novel Beam synthesis framework for being highly multiplexed true time delay elements
Several simulation results.It can thus be seen that in 0.5~1.5GHz frequency range, S11< -11, S22< -15 show of the invention
Good input and output matching is realized in entire frequency band based on the novel Beam synthesis framework for being highly multiplexed true time delay elements.
Fig. 7 four inputs, one output of the present invention based on the novel Beam synthesis framework for being highly multiplexed true time delay elements is total
Gain simulation result.In 0.5~1.5GHz frequency range, gain is about 26dB, and gain fluctuation is no more than 3dB.Show this hair
It is bright based on the novel Beam synthesis framework gain with higher for being highly multiplexed true time delay elements and gain flatness it is high.
Fig. 8 each communication channel delay emulation of the present invention based on the novel Beam synthesis framework for being highly multiplexed true time delay elements
As a result.In 0.5~1.5GHz frequency range, on output port 1 and 2, the delay inequality of adjacent beams be respectively 240ps and
80ps is capable of providing ± 43 ° and ± 13 ° of four scanning angles in the case where 10.5 centimetres of antenna spacing.Realize space letter
Number in-phase stacking enhancing.
Fig. 9 Direction Pattern Simulation knot of the present invention based on the novel Beam synthesis framework for being highly multiplexed true time delay elements
Fruit.In the radiation diagram for the Beam synthesis framework that 0.5GHz, 1GHz and 1.5GHz are generated in MATLAB with emulation data.It can square
Tropism is good, and with the increase of working frequency, array directivity is more preferable.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention.
Claims (2)
1. it is a kind of based on the Beam synthesis framework for being highly multiplexed true delay unit, including multiple low noise amplifier modules, it is multiple
Buffer and multiple true time delay elements, low noise amplifier module is located at the front end of multi-beam matrix, to from space
Signal amplifies and reduces noise, and buffer module compensation insertion loss simultaneously plays buffer action, which is characterized in that using again
True time delay elements pass through the perseverance of horizontal and vertical delay line generation precise delay realization adjacent antenna to output port
Determine delay inequality, to make up the time difference for receiving signal, in-phase stacking carried out to coherent signal, if using the input of 2M antenna with
2M output, each antenna is located on lateral transport line, and output port is located on the transmission line of longitudinal direction, when the delay of lateral transport line
Between be M τ, the delay time of longitudinal transmission line is (2K-1) τ, K=1,2 ... ..., M, each true time delay elements meet symmetry with
The amphicheirality of signal flow, to guarantee to realize the consistency of delay unit multiplexing and delay.
2. Beam synthesis framework according to claim 1, which is characterized in that use four antennas, the received sky of first antenna
Between signal successively pass through the first low noise amplifier module, the first buffer and the second buffer to the first output port, second
The received spacing wave of antenna successively pass through the second low noise amplifier module, third buffer, the true time delay elements of the one 3 τ and
Second buffer to the first output port, the received spacing wave of third antenna successively pass through third low noise amplifier module,
The true time delay elements of one 2 τ, the true time delay elements of the 2nd 2 τ, the true time delay elements of the 3rd 2 τ, the first buffer and the second buffer are to
One output port；The 4th received spacing wave of antenna successively passes through the 4th low noise amplifier module, the true time delay list of the 4th 2 τ
Member, the true time delay elements of the 5th 2 τ, the true time delay elements of the 6th 2 τ, third buffer, the true time delay elements of the one 3 τ and the second buffer
To the first output port；
The received spacing wave of first antenna successively passes through the first low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 3rd 2 τ, the 4th
To second output terminal mouth, the received spacing wave of the second antenna successively passes through the second low noise amplification for buffer and the 5th buffer
Device module, the true time delay elements of the 6th 2 τ, hex buffer, the true time delay elements of the first τ and the 5th buffer to second output terminal mouth,
It is true that the received spacing wave of third antenna successively passes through third low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the one 2 τ, the 2nd 2 τ
To second output terminal mouth, the 4th received spacing wave of antenna successively passes through for time delay elements, the 4th buffer and the 5th buffer
4th low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 4th 2 τ, the true time delay elements of the 5th 2 τ, hex buffer, the first true time delay of τ
Unit and the 5th buffer are to second output terminal mouth；
The received spacing wave of first antenna successively passes through the first low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 3rd 2 τ, the 2nd 2
To third output port, the second antenna is received for the true time delay elements of τ, the 7th buffer, the true time delay elements of the 2nd τ and the 8th buffer
Spacing wave successively pass through the second low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 6th 2 τ, the true time delay elements of the 5th 2 τ, the 9th
To third output port, the received spacing wave of third antenna successively passes through third low noise amplification for buffer and the 8th buffer
Device module, the true time delay elements of the one 2 τ, the 7th buffer, the true time delay elements of the 2nd τ and the 8th buffer to third output port,
The 4th received spacing wave of antenna successively passes through the 4th low noise amplifier module, the 4th 2 true time delay elements of τ.9th buffering
Device and the 8th buffer are to third output port；
The received spacing wave of first antenna successively passes through the first low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 3rd 2 τ, the 2nd 2
The true time delay elements of τ, the true time delay elements of the one 2 τ, the tenth buffer, the true time delay elements of the 2nd 3 τ and the 11st buffer are to the 4th
Output port, the received spacing wave of the second antenna successively pass through the second low noise amplifier module, the true time delay elements of the 6th 2 τ,
The true time delay elements of 5th 2 τ, the true time delay elements of the 4th 2 τ, the 12nd buffer and the 11st buffer to the 4th output port, the
The received spacing wave of triantennary successively passes through third low noise amplifier module, the tenth buffer, the 2nd 3 true time delay elements of τ
With the 11st buffer to the 4th output port, the 4th received spacing wave of antenna successively passes through the 4th low-noise amplifier mould
Block, the 12nd buffer and the 11st buffer to the 4th output port.
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| CN111901027A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-06 | 天津大学 | Four-in four-out differential multiplexing beam forming network |
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