CN109599616B - Temperature regulation system and method for vehicle-mounted battery - Google Patents

Temperature regulation system and method for vehicle-mounted battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109599616B
CN109599616B CN201710923036.0A CN201710923036A CN109599616B CN 109599616 B CN109599616 B CN 109599616B CN 201710923036 A CN201710923036 A CN 201710923036A CN 109599616 B CN109599616 B CN 109599616B
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temperature
battery
power
vehicle
cooling
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CN109599616A (en
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伍星驰
谈际刚
王洪军
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • H01M10/6572—Peltier elements or thermoelectric devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a temperature adjusting system and a method of a vehicle-mounted battery, wherein the system comprises a heat exchanger; the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is provided with an air conditioner air outlet, and a first air duct is formed between the air conditioner air outlet and the heat exchanger; a second air channel is formed between the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the first fan, and a third air channel is formed between the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the carriage; the battery heat management module is connected with the heat exchanger to form a heat exchange flow path; and the controller is connected with the semiconductor heat exchange module, the battery heat management module and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner. The system can adjust the temperature when the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high, so that the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained in a preset range, and the condition that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced due to the too high temperature is avoided.

Description

Temperature regulation system and method for vehicle-mounted battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a temperature adjusting system of a vehicle-mounted battery, a temperature adjusting system of the vehicle-mounted battery and a non-transitory readable storage medium.
Background
At present, the performance of a vehicle-mounted battery of an electric vehicle is greatly influenced by the climate environment, and the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced by too high or too low ambient temperature, so that the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery needs to be adjusted to maintain the temperature within a preset range.
However, in the related art, the method for adjusting the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is rough, and the cooling power of the vehicle-mounted battery cannot be accurately controlled according to the actual condition of the vehicle-mounted battery, so that the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery cannot be maintained within the preset range.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to provide a temperature adjustment system for a vehicle-mounted battery, which can adjust the temperature when the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high, so as to maintain the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery within a preset range, and avoid the situation that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is affected by the too high temperature.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for adjusting the temperature of a vehicle-mounted battery.
A third object of the invention is to propose a non-transitory readable storage medium.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention provides a temperature adjustment system for a vehicle-mounted battery, including: a heat exchanger; the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is provided with an air conditioner air outlet, a first air duct is formed between the air conditioner air outlet and the heat exchanger, a first fan is arranged in the first air duct, and the first fan and the heat exchanger are arranged correspondingly; a second air channel is formed between the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the first fan, and a third air channel is formed between the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the carriage; the battery heat management module is connected with the heat exchanger to form a heat exchange flow path; and the controller is connected with the semiconductor heat exchange module, the battery heat management module and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, and is used for acquiring the required power and the actual power of temperature regulation of the battery and controlling at least one of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and the semiconductor heat exchange module to work according to the required power and the actual power of temperature regulation so as to regulate the temperature of the battery.
According to the temperature adjusting system of the vehicle-mounted battery, the temperature can be adjusted when the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high, so that the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained in a preset range, and the condition that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced due to too high temperature is avoided.
In order to achieve the above object, a second aspect of the present invention provides a temperature adjustment method for a vehicle-mounted battery, the temperature adjustment system for the vehicle-mounted battery including: a heat exchanger; the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is provided with an air conditioner air outlet, and a first air duct is formed between the air conditioner air outlet and the heat exchanger; a second air channel is formed between the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the first fan, and a third air channel is formed between the middle of the cooling end and the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the carriage; the battery heat management module is connected with the heat exchanger to form a heat exchange flow path; the controller is connected with the semiconductor heat exchange module, the battery heat management module and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, and the method comprises the following steps: when the battery needs to exchange heat, acquiring the power required by temperature regulation of the battery; acquiring the actual temperature regulation power of the battery; and controlling at least one of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and the semiconductor heat exchange module to work according to the temperature regulation required power and the temperature regulation actual power so as to regulate the temperature of the battery.
According to the temperature adjusting method of the vehicle-mounted battery, when the battery needs to exchange heat, the required temperature adjusting power and the actual temperature adjusting power of the battery are obtained, the temperature of the battery is adjusted according to the required temperature adjusting power and the actual temperature adjusting power, so that the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is adjusted when the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high, the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained in a preset range, and the situation that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced due to too high temperature is avoided.
To achieve the above object, a third embodiment of the present invention proposes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the temperature adjustment method of the in-vehicle battery as described above.
According to the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the battery needs to exchange heat, the required power for temperature regulation and the actual power for temperature regulation of the battery are obtained, and the temperature of the battery is regulated according to the required power for temperature regulation and the actual power for temperature regulation, so that the temperature of the battery is regulated when the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high, the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained in a preset range, and the condition that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced due to too high temperature is avoided.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which,
FIGS. 1a to 1b are schematic structural views of a temperature regulation system of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a first embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a control topology of a temperature regulation system of an in-vehicle battery according to a first embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3a to 3b are schematic structural views of a temperature regulation system of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a second embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a temperature regulation system of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a third embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a temperature regulation system of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a fourth embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a temperature adjustment system of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a fifth embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a temperature regulation system of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a sixth embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a flowchart of a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a first embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 is a flowchart of a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a second embodiment of the invention;
FIGS. 10a to 10b are schematic structural views of a temperature adjustment system of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a seventh embodiment of the invention;
fig. 11 is a control topology of a temperature regulation system of an in-vehicle battery according to a second embodiment of the invention;
fig. 12a to 12b are schematic structural views of a temperature adjustment system of a vehicle-mounted battery according to an eighth embodiment of the invention;
fig. 13 is a flowchart of a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a third embodiment of the invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a temperature regulation system of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a ninth embodiment of the invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of a temperature adjustment system of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a tenth embodiment of the invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic configuration diagram of a temperature adjustment system of a vehicle-mounted battery according to an eleventh embodiment of the invention;
fig. 17 is a flowchart of a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a fourth embodiment of the invention;
Detailed Description
A temperature adjustment method and a temperature adjustment system of an in-vehicle battery and a non-transitory readable storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1a to 1b are schematic structural views of a temperature adjustment system of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a first embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 1a-1b, the system comprises: the system comprises a battery thermal management module 1, an on-board air conditioner 2, a heat exchanger 3, a semiconductor heat exchange module 5 and a controller (not specifically shown in the figure).
The vehicle-mounted air conditioner 2 is provided with an air conditioner air outlet, and a first air duct 100 is formed between the air conditioner air outlet and the heat exchanger 3. A second air duct 200 is formed between the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 and the first fan 501, and a third air duct 300 is formed between the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 and the carriage. The battery thermal management module 1 is connected with the heat exchanger 3 to form a heat exchange flow path. The controller is connected with the semiconductor heat exchange module 5, the battery heat management module 1 and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner 2, and is used for obtaining temperature regulation required power P1 and temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery and controlling at least one of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner 2 and the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 to work according to the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2 so as to regulate the temperature of the battery.
Further, as shown in fig. 1a to 1b, the vehicle air conditioner 2 includes a first regulating valve 601 provided in the first air duct 100 and a first fan 501 corresponding to the heat exchanger 3. The first regulating valve 601 and the first fan 501 are both disposed in the first air duct 100, and the first regulating valve 601 and the first fan 501 are connected. The semiconductor heat exchange module 5 further includes a third fan 503 and a third adjusting valve 603, which are disposed in the second air duct 200 and correspond to the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5, that is, the third fan 503 and the third adjusting valve 603 are both disposed in the second air duct 200, and the third fan 503 and the third adjusting valve 603 are connected.
The vehicle air conditioner 2 exchanges heat with the heat exchanger 3 through the first air duct 100. The semiconductor heat exchange module 5 exchanges heat with the heat exchanger through the second air duct 200. The semiconductor heat exchange module 5 exchanges heat with the carriage through the third air duct 300.
As shown in fig. 1a, after the vehicle-mounted air conditioner 2 exchanges heat with the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 through the second air duct 200, the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 exchanges heat with the compartment through a fourth fan 504 and a third air duct 300, and the fourth fan 504 is disposed in the third air duct 300.
As shown in fig. 1b, after the vehicle air conditioner 2 exchanges heat with the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 through the fourth air duct 400, the cabin and the third air duct 300, the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 exchanges heat with the heat exchanger 3 through the second air duct 200.
As shown in fig. 1b, the vehicle air conditioner 2 exchanges heat with the heat exchanger through the first air duct 100, and the semiconductor heat exchange module exchanges heat with the heat exchanger 3 through the second air duct 200.
It is understood that the battery 4 refers to an energy storage device mounted on the vehicle to provide a power output for the vehicle and to provide power to other electrical devices on the vehicle, which may be repeatedly charged. The battery 4 may be a battery module or a battery pack.
Specifically, the temperature-adjustment required power P1 is the temperature-adjustment power required by the battery when the temperature of the battery is adjusted to the target temperature. The battery temperature adjustment actual power P2 is the temperature adjustment power actually obtained by the battery when the battery is currently temperature-adjusted. The target temperature is a set value and can be preset according to the actual situation of the vehicle-mounted battery, for example, in winter, the outdoor environment temperature is low, the battery needs to be heated, the target temperature can be set to about 10 ℃, in summer, the battery needs to be cooled, and the target temperature can be set to about 35 ℃.
When the temperature of the battery 4 is high, for example, higher than 40 ℃, the temperature regulation system of the vehicle-mounted battery enters a cooling mode, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner 2 and the battery thermal management module 1 operate, the controller controls the first regulating valve 601 to open, the first fan 501 blows cooling air of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner 2 to the heat exchanger 3 to cool the medium in the cooling pipeline of the heat exchanger 3, and the medium cools the battery through the battery thermal management module 1. When the temperature adjusting system of the vehicle-mounted battery works in a cooling mode, the flow direction of cooling air is as follows: an air conditioner air outlet, a first regulating valve 601, a first fan 501 and a heat exchanger 3; the medium flow direction is as follows: the heat exchanger 3-battery thermal management module 1-battery 4-battery thermal management module 1-heat exchanger 3. When the battery 4 is cooled, as shown in fig. 1b, the controller may also control the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 to operate, and the third fan 503 blows the cooling power of the semiconductor cooling end to the first fan, and the first fan blows the cooling power to the heat exchanger to cool the medium in the cooling pipe in the heat exchanger 3, and the medium cools the battery through the battery heat management module 1.
When the battery 4 is cooled, the controller also obtains a temperature regulation required power P1 and a temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery in real time, wherein the temperature regulation required power P1 is to regulate the temperature of the battery to a set target temperature, which is the power required to be supplied to the battery 4, and the battery temperature regulation actual power P2 is the actual regulation power obtained by the battery 4 when the battery is currently temperature-regulated, and the target temperature is a set value, which can be preset according to the actual situation of the vehicle-mounted battery, for example, when the battery is cooled, the target temperature can be set at about 35 ℃.
Meanwhile, the controller adjusts the refrigeration power of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, the rotating speed of the first fan 501 and the opening degree of the first regulating valve 601 according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, and/or adjusts the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module, the rotating speed of the third fan 503 and the opening degree of the third regulating valve 603 to adjust the temperature adjustment actual power P2. For example, if P1 is greater than P2, the cooling power of the vehicle air conditioner is increased, or the rotation speed of the first fan 501 is increased, or the opening degree of the first regulating valve 601 is increased, or the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is increased, or the rotation speed of the third fan 503 is increased, or the opening degree of the third regulating valve 603 is increased, so that the temperature of the battery 4 is increased, the actual power P2 is regulated, and the battery 4 is cooled as soon as possible.
Therefore, the temperature adjusting system can adjust the temperature when the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high, so that the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained in a preset range, and the condition that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced by the temperature is avoided.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, the battery thermal management module 1 includes a pump 12, a first temperature sensor 14, a second temperature sensor 15, a flow rate sensor 16 disposed on a heat exchange flow path; wherein: the pump 12 is used for making the medium in the heat exchange flow path flow; the first temperature sensor 14 is for detecting an inlet temperature of the medium flowing into the vehicle-mounted battery; the second temperature sensor 15 is for detecting the outlet temperature of the medium flowing out of the vehicle-mounted battery; the flow rate sensor 16 detects the flow rate of the medium in the heat exchange flow path.
Further, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, the battery thermal management module 1 may further include a medium container 13 disposed on the heat exchange flow path, where the medium container 13 is used for storing and supplying a medium to the heat exchange flow path.
Still further, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, the battery thermal management module 1 may further include: and a heater 11 is arranged on the heat exchange flow path, and the heater 11 is used for heating the medium in the heat exchange flow path.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the controller may include a battery management controller, a battery thermal management controller, and an on-board air conditioning controller. The battery management controller collects current flowing through the battery and the temperature of the battery, obtains temperature regulation required power P1 according to the target temperature and the target time t of the battery, the specific heat capacity C of the battery, the mass M of the battery and the internal resistance R of the battery, and controls the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller to start or stop working. The battery thermal management controller CAN be electrically connected with the first temperature sensor 14, the second temperature sensor 15 and the flow velocity sensor 16, CAN communicate with the pump 12 and the heater 11, acquire temperature adjustment actual power P2 according to the specific heat capacity of the medium, the density of the medium and the cross-sectional area of a flow path, control the rotation speed of the pump 12 and the power of the heater 11, and CAN communicate with the vehicle air conditioner 2 through the CAN. The vehicle-mounted air conditioner Controller CAN perform Controller Area Network (CAN) communication with the battery manager and the battery thermal management Controller, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner Controller CAN control the on or off of the first regulating valve 601 and CAN regulate the opening of the first regulating valve 601, the first fan 501 is controlled by the vehicle-mounted air conditioner Controller and is adjustable in air speed, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner Controller CAN perform CAN communication with the battery management Controller and the battery thermal management Controller so as to regulate required power P1 according to the temperature obtained by the battery management Controller and regulate actual power P2 according to the temperature obtained by the battery thermal management Controller, the refrigeration power, the regulating valve and the fan of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner are controlled, and the purpose of controlling the heat exchange amount is achieved.
It is understood that the vehicle-mounted battery temperature regulation system can cool the battery 4 through the vehicle-mounted air conditioner 2 and the heat exchanger 3, and can also heat the medium through the heater 11 to regulate the temperature of the battery 4 when the temperature of the battery is low. The heater 11 may be a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient, broadly referred to as a semiconductor material or a component with a large Positive Temperature Coefficient) heater, may perform CAN communication with the battery thermal management controller, provides heating power for the Temperature regulation system of the vehicle-mounted battery, is controlled by the battery thermal management controller, and is not directly contacted with the battery 4, so that the vehicle-mounted battery thermal management controller has high safety, reliability and practicability. The pump 12 is primarily intended to provide power and the medium reservoir 13 is primarily intended to store medium and to receive medium to be added to the temperature regulation system, the medium in the medium reservoir 13 being automatically replenished when the medium in the temperature regulation system decreases. The first temperature sensor 14 is arranged to detect the temperature of the cell flow inlet medium and the second temperature sensor 15 is arranged to detect the temperature of the cell flow outlet medium. Flow sensor 16 is used to sense flow rate information of the medium in the conduit of the temperature regulated system.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the controller is further configured to obtain a temperature of the battery, and determine whether the temperature of the battery is greater than a first temperature threshold or less than a second temperature threshold, wherein when the temperature of the battery is greater than the first temperature threshold, the cooling mode is entered; and entering a heating mode when the temperature of the battery is less than a second temperature threshold, wherein the first temperature threshold is greater than the second temperature threshold. The first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, for example, the first temperature threshold may be 40 ℃, and the second temperature threshold may be 0 ℃.
Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the controller acquires the temperature of the battery in real time and judges the temperature of the battery. If the temperature of the battery is higher than 40 ℃, the temperature of the battery 4 is over high at this moment, and in order to avoid the influence of the high temperature on the performance of the battery 4, the temperature of the battery 4 needs to be reduced, the temperature adjusting system enters a cooling mode, the controller controls the first adjusting valve 601 to be opened, the first fan 501 blows cooling air of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner 2 to the heat exchanger 3 so as to cool a medium in a cooling pipeline in the heat exchanger 3, and the medium cools the battery through the battery thermal management module 1. When cooling the battery, the first regulating valve 601 is opened, and the flow direction of the cooling air is: an air conditioner air outlet, a first regulating valve 601, a first fan 501 and a heat exchanger 3; the medium flow direction is as follows: heat exchanger 3-heater 11 (off) -pump 12-first temperature sensor 14-battery 4-second temperature sensor-15-flow sensor 16-medium container 13-heat exchanger 3.
If the temperature of the battery 4 is lower than 0 ℃, which indicates that the temperature of the battery 4 is too low at this time, in order to avoid the influence of low temperature on the performance of the battery 4, the temperature rise processing needs to be performed on the battery 4, the temperature adjusting system enters a heating mode, the battery thermal management controller controls the heater 11 to be turned on, and meanwhile, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner 2 keeps the first adjusting valve 601 in a closed state, and the medium flow direction is as follows: heat exchanger 3-heater 11 (on) -pump 12-first temperature sensor 14-battery 4-second temperature sensor-15-flow sensor 16-medium container 13-heat exchanger 3. The medium in the cooling pipe is heated by the heater 11 to perform heat exchange with the battery 4, thereby completing temperature adjustment of the battery.
How the controller obtains the temperature-regulation required power P1 and the temperature-regulation actual power P2 of the battery 4 is described below with reference to specific examples.
The controller according to one embodiment of the invention may be configured to obtain a first parameter when the battery is turned on for temperature adjustment, and generate a first temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the first parameter, and obtain a second parameter when the battery is temperature-adjusted, and generate a second temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the second parameter, and generate a temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery according to the first temperature adjustment required power of the battery and the second temperature adjustment required power of the battery.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameter is an initial temperature and a target temperature at which temperature adjustment of the battery 4 is turned on and a target time T from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the first temperature difference Δ T between the initial temperature and the target temperature is obtained1And according to the first temperature difference DeltaT1And the target time t generates the first temperature regulation required power.
Further, the controller generates the first temperature regulation required power by the following formula (1):
ΔT1*C*M/t (1)，
wherein, Delta T1Is a first temperature difference between the initial temperature and the target temperature, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery 4, and M is the mass of the battery 4.
The second parameter is the average current I of the battery 4 in the preset time, and the controller generates the second temperature regulation required power through the following formula (2):
I2*R， (2)，
where I is the average current and R is the internal resistance of the battery 4.
Specifically, the charge and discharge current parameters of the battery 4 may be detected by a current hall sensor and the battery manager may estimate the average current of the battery 4 based on the current parameters of the battery 4 over a period of time.
When cooling battery 4, P1 ═ Δ T1*C*M/t+I2R; when the battery 4 is heated, P1 ═ Δ T1*C*M/t-I2*R。
According to an embodiment of the invention, the controller further generates a second temperature difference Δ T based on the inlet temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 14 and the outlet temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 152And according to the second temperature difference DeltaT of each battery2And the flow rate v detected by the flow rate sensor 16 generates the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of the battery.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 is generated according to the following formula (3):
ΔT2*c*m， (3)
wherein, Delta T2And c is the specific heat capacity of the medium in the flow path, m is the mass of the medium flowing through the cross-sectional area of the flow path in unit time, wherein m is v ρ s, v is the flow velocity of the medium, ρ is the density of the medium, and s is the cross-sectional area of the flow path.
Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the battery manager judges whether the battery 4 needs to be temperature-regulated according to the battery temperature, if the battery 4 needs to be temperature-regulated, the information for starting the temperature regulation function is sent to the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller through the CAN communication, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller forwards the information to the battery thermal management controller, and the battery thermal management controller controls the pump 12 to start working at a default rotating speed (such as a low rotating speed).
Then, the battery thermal management controller obtains an initial temperature (i.e., a current temperature) of the battery 4, a target temperature, and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, where the target temperature and the target time t may be preset according to an actual situation, and calculates a first temperature adjustment required power of the battery 4 according to formula (1). Meanwhile, the battery thermal management controller obtains the average current I of the battery 4 in a preset time, and calculates a second temperature regulation required power of the battery 4 according to the formula (2). Then, the battery thermal management controller calculates a temperature regulation required power P1 from the first temperature regulation required power and the second temperature regulation required power of the battery 4 (i.e., regulates the temperature of the battery 4 to the target temperature for the target time)Required power), wherein when the battery 4 is cooled, P1 is Δ T1*C*M/t+I2R, when heating the battery 4, P1 ═ Δ T1*C*M/t-I2R. Then, the battery thermal management controller acquires temperature information detected by the first temperature sensor 14 and the second temperature sensor 15, acquires flow rate information detected by the flow rate sensor 16, and calculates the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 of the battery 4 according to equation (3). Finally, the battery thermal management controller accurately controls the heating power of the battery 4 by controlling the power of the heater 11 according to the P1 and the P2 of the battery 4, and the vehicle air conditioner accurately controls the cooling power of the battery 4 by controlling the cooling power of the vehicle air conditioner, the rotating speed of the first fan 501 and the opening degree of the first regulating valve
It is understood that the temperature-regulation required power P1 and the temperature-regulation actual power P2 of the battery 4 may be obtained in the above-described manner.
Specifically, as can be seen from the above-described embodiment, P1 is composed of two parts, and when battery 4 needs to be cooled, if the initial temperature of battery 4 is 45 ℃ and the target temperature is 35 ℃, the amount of heat that battery 4 needs to dissipate when it drops from 45 ℃ to 35 ℃ is fixed, as represented by formula (1), i.e., Δ T1Direct calculation of C M/t can be obtained. Meanwhile, during the cooling process of the battery 4, a discharging and charging process exists, heat is generated in the discharging and charging process, and the heat of the part can be directly obtained by detecting the average current I of the battery 4 according to the formula (3), namely I2R, directly calculating the heating power of the current battery 4, i.e., the second temperature adjustment required power. The cooling completion time of the present invention is set based on the target time t (t may be changed according to the user's needs or the actual design condition of the vehicle). After the target time T required for cooling completion is determined, the temperature adjustment required power P1, P1 ═ Δ T, required for cooling of the current battery 4 can be estimated1*C*M/t+I2R. If the heating function is started, the temperature regulation required power P1 is delta T1*C*M/t-I2R, i.e., the greater the discharge or charge current of the battery 4 during the heating of the battery 4, the smaller the required heating power, i.e., the temperature regulation demand power P1.
The cooling time of the battery 4 is affected by the cooling efficiency, and since the cooling efficiency is affected by the external environment temperature and the current temperature of the battery 4, the efficiency of the temperature regulation system is also constantly changed during the cooling of the battery 4, so that the cooling efficiency cannot be 100%, and therefore, it is necessary to adjust the actual power P2 by detecting the temperature of the battery 4 only when P1 is the time at which the cooling of the battery 4 cannot be accurately regulated. In the present invention, the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of the battery 4 can be calculated by the formula (3), i.e., Δ T2 × c ×.m. P2 can also be calculated from the actual battery cooling power P2, i.e., Δ T3 × C × m1 in formula (4), where Δ T3 is the temperature change of battery 4 in a certain period of time, C is the specific heat capacity of battery 4, and m1 is the mass of battery 4. However, since the mass of a general battery is large, the temperature change per unit time is not significant, it takes a long time to detect the temperature difference, and the requirement for real-time performance is not met, so that the P2 power is generally calculated according to the formula (3).
Due to the influence of the cooling efficiency, P2 is hardly equal to P1, and in order to make the cooling target time t of the battery 4 more accurate, it is necessary to perform adjustment in real time according to P1 and P2 to ensure that the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery 4 is equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1a, when the cooling mode is selected, the controller is further configured to obtain a power difference between the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, when the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 are greater than each other, and increase the cooling power or increase the rotation speed of the first fan 501 or increase the opening degree of the first adjustment valve 601 according to the power difference, and when the temperature adjustment required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, decrease the cooling power or decrease the opening degree of the first adjustment valve 601 or decrease the rotation speed of the first fan 501 or keep the cooling power of the vehicle air conditioner, the opening degree of the first adjustment valve 601, and the rotation speed of the first fan 501 constant.
Specifically, when operating in the cooling mode, the controller acquires the temperature-adjustment required power P1 and the temperature-adjustment actual power P2 of the battery 4, and makes a judgment. If P1 of the battery 4 is larger than P2, it indicates that if the temperature of the battery 4 cannot be reduced within the target time according to the current cooling power, therefore, the controller obtains the power difference between the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery 4, and increases the cooling power of the compressor, or increases the rotation speed of the first fan 5, or increases the opening degree of the first regulating valve 601 according to the power difference, so as to reduce the temperature of the air-conditioning outlet, increase the amount of cooling air blown to the heat exchanger 3, and accelerate the heat exchange of the heat exchanger 3. Wherein, the larger the power difference between P1 and P2 is, the more the cooling power of the compressor, the rotation speed of the first fan 501 and the opening degree of the first regulating valve 601 are increased, so that the temperature of the battery 4 is decreased to the target temperature within the preset time t. And if the P1 is less than or equal to the P2, the controller may decrease the cooling power of the compressor, decrease the rotation speed of the first fan 501 to save electric power, or keep the cooling power of the compressor and the rotation speed of the first fan 501 constant. When the temperature of the battery is lower than a first set temperature, for example, 35 ℃, then the cooling of the battery 4 is completed, and the controller controls the first regulating valve 601 and the first fan 501 to be turned off. If the temperature of the battery 4 is still higher than 35 ℃ after the temperature adjusting system enters the cooling mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, the controller increases the cooling power of the compressor, increases the rotation speed of the first fan 501, or increases the opening degree of the first adjusting valve to cool the battery 4 as soon as possible.
As shown in fig. 1a-1b, according to an embodiment of the present invention, when being the heating mode, the controller obtains a temperature difference between the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 when the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, and increases the heating power of the heater 11 according to the temperature difference, and decreases the heating power of the heater or maintains the heating power of the heater 11 when the temperature adjustment required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2.
Specifically, when operating in the heating mode, the controller acquires the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery 4, and makes a judgment. If P1 of the battery 4 is greater than P2, which means that if the temperature rise of the battery 4 cannot be completed within the target time in accordance with the current heating power, the controller obtains the power difference between the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery 4 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, and increases the power of the heater 11 in accordance with the power difference, wherein the greater the power difference between P1 and P2, the more the power of the heater 11 is increased, so that the temperature of the battery 4 is raised to the target temperature within the preset time t. Whereas, if P1 is less than or equal to P2, the heating power of the heater 11 may be reduced to save electric power, or the power of the heater 11 may be kept constant. When the temperature of the battery reaches a second set temperature, for example, 10 ℃, the heating of the battery 4 is completed, and the battery manager sends a message for turning off the temperature regulation function to the battery thermal management controller through the CAN communication to control the heater 11 to stop heating. If the temperature of the battery 4 remains below 10 c after the thermostat system enters the heating mode for a longer period of time, for example, 2 hours, the controller increases the power to the heater 11 appropriately to allow the battery 4 to finish warming as soon as possible.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, the controller is further configured to decrease the rotation speed of the pump 12 or maintain the rotation speed of the pump 12 constant when the temperature-adjustment required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature-adjustment actual power P2, and increase the rotation speed of the pump 12 when the temperature-adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature-adjustment actual power P2.
Specifically, when the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode or the cooling mode, if P1 of the battery 4 is less than or equal to P2, the controller controls the rotational speed of the pump 12 to be reduced to save electric power or to keep the rotational speed of the pump 12 constant. And if P1 of the battery 4 is greater than P2, the rotational speed of the pump 12 may be controlled to be increased in order to increase the mass of the medium flowing through the cross-sectional area of the cooling flow path per unit time, in addition to controlling the cooling power of the compressor, the rotational speed of the first fan 501, the opening degree of the first regulating valve 601 to be increased, or the power of the heater 11 to be increased, so that the temperature-adjusting actual power P2 of the battery 4 is increased to achieve temperature adjustment within the target time t.
The cooling air of the in-vehicle air conditioner 2 can cool the battery and also can cool the vehicle interior.
As shown in fig. 1a-1b, a fourth air duct 400 is formed between the air outlet of the air conditioner and the vehicle compartment, and the vehicle air conditioner 2 may further include a second regulating valve 602 and a second fan 502 disposed in the fourth air duct 400. The vehicle-mounted air conditioner 2 exchanges heat with the carriage through the second air duct 200. In fig. 1a, after the vehicle-mounted air conditioner 2 exchanges heat with the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 through the second air duct 200, the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 exchanges heat with the carriage through the third air duct 300; in fig. 1b, after the vehicle-mounted air conditioner 2 exchanges heat with the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 through the fourth air duct 400, the carriage and the third air duct 300, the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 exchanges heat with the heat exchanger 3 through the second air duct 200.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, the battery cooling branch loop provides cooling power for the battery 4 through the heat exchanger 3, and the first regulating valve 601 can be used for controlling the cooling intake of the battery cooling branch loop. The second regulator valve 602 may be used to control the cooling air intake of the in-vehicle cooling circuit. When the battery cooling function is started, the battery cooling branch loop is as follows: air conditioner wind outlet-first governing valve 601-first fan 401-heat exchanger 3. The in-vehicle cooling loop comprises: air conditioning air outlet-second governing valve 602-second fan 402-carriage.
Further, the controller is also configured to acquire a cabin temperature of the cabin, and adjust the opening degrees of the first and second regulating valves 601 and 602 according to the cabin temperature, the temperature adjustment required power P1, and the temperature adjustment actual power P2.
That is, the controller detects the air temperature in the vehicle cabin, and can adjust the power distribution of each cooling circuit according to the air temperature condition in the vehicle cabin, the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery, thereby balancing the cooling requirements for in-vehicle cooling and battery cooling.
Further, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, the vehicle-mounted battery temperature regulation system further comprises a fourth fan 504 connected to the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5, and a fifth fan 505 connected to the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5.
Specifically, the semiconductor exchange module 5 has a heating terminal and a cooling terminal, and the heating terminal and the cooling terminal are exchanged when the power supply is reversely connected. The heating end and the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 are both provided with heat exchange fans (a fourth fan 504 and a fifth fan 505) for accelerating heat exchange between the heating end and the cooling end.
As shown in fig. 2, the controlling may further include: a semiconductor controller which may perform CAN communication with the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 and may control power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 and may control rotation speeds of the fourth fan 504 and the fifth fan 505.
After the vehicle-mounted air conditioner 2 is powered on, if the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller receives the battery cooling function starting information sent by the battery manager, the battery cooling function is started, and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller sends the battery cooling function starting information to the battery thermal management controller and the semiconductor controller. The vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller receives the temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery sent by the battery manager and forwards the information to the battery thermal management controller and the semiconductor controller. During the battery cooling process, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller controls the first regulating valve 601 and the second regulating valve 602 to be opened, and simultaneously controls the first fan 501 and the second fan 502 to start working. The vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller receives the water temperature information sent by the battery thermal management controller and the actual temperature regulation power P2 of the battery and forwards the information to the battery manager and the semiconductor controller. In the battery cooling process, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller compares the temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery with the temperature actual power P2 information of the battery, if the temperature regulation required power P1 is smaller than the temperature actual power P2, whether the temperature of the battery reaches 45 ℃ (higher temperature) is judged, if the temperature of the battery reaches 45 ℃, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller reduces the opening degree of the second regulating valve 602, increases the opening degree of the first regulating valve 601, reduces the vehicle-mounted air flow, increases the cooling air flow of the battery cooling branch, and therefore the cooling capacity distribution of battery cooling and vehicle-mounted cooling is adjusted. If the temperature of the battery is not higher than 45 ℃, whether the temperature in the compartment reaches the set temperature of the air conditioner is judged, if so, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller reduces the opening degree of the second regulating valve 602 and increases the opening degree of the first regulating valve 601, if the temperature in the compartment does not reach the set temperature of the air conditioner, the requirement of the cooling capacity in the vehicle is preferentially met, and at the moment, the difference value between the required power of temperature regulation and the actual power of temperature regulation is partially cooled by the semiconductor heat exchange module 5. In the battery cooling process, if the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller receives battery cooling completion information sent by the battery manager, namely the temperature of the battery reaches 35 ℃, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller forwards the battery cooling completion information to the battery thermal management controller, and the battery cooling is completed.
The average temperature of the battery is subjected to hierarchical treatment, and the threshold values of temperature control are 40 ℃, 45 ℃ and 35 ℃. When the temperature of the battery is higher than 40 ℃, the cooling function of the battery is started, when the temperature of the battery reaches 35 ℃, the cooling of the battery is completed, and when the temperature of the battery reaches a higher temperature of 45 ℃, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner preferentially meets the cooling capacity requirement of the battery. In addition, when P1 is less than P2, if the battery temperature does not exceed 45 ℃, the cooling capacity demand in the vehicle cabin is still prioritized, and if the cooling power in the vehicle cabin is already sufficient and reaches equilibrium, the vehicle air conditioner increases the battery cooling power again.
As shown in fig. 1a, the on-board air conditioner may have 3 cooling circuits, respectively, a battery cooling branch circuit, an in-vehicle cooling circuit 1, and an in-vehicle cooling circuit 2. The first regulating valve 601 can be used for controlling the cooling air intake of the battery cooling branch loop. The second regulating valve 602 can be used to control the cooling air intake of the in-vehicle cooling circuit 1. A third regulating valve 603 can be used to control the cooling air intake of the in-vehicle cooling circuit 2. When the battery cooling function is started, the battery cooling branch loop is as follows: air conditioner wind outlet-first governing valve 601-first fan 501-heat exchanger 3. The in-vehicle cooling circuit 1 is: air conditioner wind outlet-second governing valve 602-second fan 502-carriage. The in-vehicle cooling branch loop 2 mainly supplies cooling air to the space in the carriage through the third fan 503, and the cooling air flows into the carriage after being cooled by the semiconductor heat exchange module 5. The in-vehicle cooling circuit 2 is: the air conditioner air outlet comprises a first adjusting valve 601, a first fan 501, a third adjusting valve 603, a third fan 503, a semiconductor heat exchange module 5 and a carriage. When the battery cooling function is not activated, the first regulator valve 601 is closed. The first regulator valve 601 is opened when the battery cooling function is started. The medium circulation direction in the battery cooling duct is as follows: heat exchanger 3-heater 11 (off) -pump 12-first temperature sensor 14-battery 4-second temperature sensor-15-flow sensor 16-medium container 13-heat exchanger 3. When the battery heating function is started, the medium circulation direction in the battery cooling pipeline is as follows: heat exchanger 3-heater 11 (on) -pump 12-first temperature sensor 14-battery 4-second temperature sensor 15-flow sensor 16-medium container 13-heat exchanger 3. The fourth fan 504 may blow cooling air at the cooling end to the cabin, and the fifth fan may blow air at the heating end to the outside of the vehicle.
As shown in fig. 1a, after the cooling air of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner 2 enters the third regulating valve 603 and the third fan 503 and passes through the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 (positive power supply), the temperature is reduced, and then the cooling air is blown back to the compartment, so that the compartment cooling effect is achieved, and the influence of battery cooling on the refrigeration in the vehicle-mounted air conditioner vehicle is reduced.
In the cooling process, the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 compares the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery, if P1 is smaller than P2, the cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 is increased, and the fourth fan 504 and the fifth fan 505 are controlled to operate at high rotation speed to increase the cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5. In the battery cooling process, if the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 receives the battery cooling completion information of the vehicle air conditioner, the battery cooling is completed.
To summarize, the system shown in fig. 1a, when the temperature regulation system is operating in cooling mode, the battery cooling and in-vehicle initial power split is:
the required power for regulating the temperature of the battery is P1, the actual power for regulating the temperature of the battery is P2, P3 is the maximum cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module, P6 is the required power of the interior of the vehicle, and P7 is the maximum cooling power of the compressor of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner.
When the sum of the power of the battery temperature regulation required power P1 and the power of the in-vehicle cooling required power P6 is less than or equal to the total power P7 of the compressor, namely P1+ P6 is less than or equal to P7, the compressor operates according to the refrigerating power P1+ P6. And P1 < P7, P6 < P7. And simultaneously controlling the opening degree of the second regulating valve so that the in-vehicle cooling power is P6. The opening degrees of the first regulating valve and the third regulating valve are controlled so that the battery cooling power is P1.
When P7 is more than P1+ P6 and less than or equal to P7+ P3, Pe is P1+ P6-P7, Pf is P1+ P6-P3, the compressor operates according to the maximum refrigerating power P7, and the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the cooling power Pe. The cooling power of the battery cooling branch is P1, and the power of the in-vehicle cooling branch is P6. Alternatively, the semiconductor ventilation module is operated at a maximum cooling capacity P3 and the compressor is operated at a cooling capacity Pf. And simultaneously controlling the opening degree of the first regulating valve so that the in-vehicle cooling power is P6, and controlling the opening degree of the first regulating valve so that the battery cooling power is P1.
When P1+ P6 is greater than P7+ P3, whether the temperature of the battery is greater than 45 ℃ is judged, if the temperature of the battery is greater than 45 ℃, cooling power is preferentially provided for cooling the battery, the compressor operates according to the maximum cooling power P7, the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the maximum cooling power P3, and meanwhile the rotating speed of the fan is increased. The opening degree of the first regulating valve is increased to make the cooling power of the battery cooling branch be P1, and the opening degree of the second regulating valve is reduced to make the in-vehicle cooling branch power be P7+ P3-P1. If the battery temperature is not higher than 45 ℃ and the temperature in the vehicle does not reach the set temperature, cooling power is preferentially provided for the vehicle, the compressor runs according to the maximum cooling power P7, the semiconductor heat exchange module runs according to the maximum cooling power P3, and meanwhile the rotating speed of the fan is increased. The opening degree of the second regulating valve is increased so that the cooling power of the in-vehicle cooling branch is P6, and the opening degree of the second regulating valve is decreased so that the cooling power of the battery cooling branch is P7+ P3-P6. If the temperature in the vehicle has reached the set temperature, the cooling power of the battery is preferentially satisfied.
Power distribution in the battery cooling process:
if P1 is more than P2, Pc is P1-P2, P1+ P6+ Pc is less than P7, the compressor increases the pump speed according to the increase of the cooling power Pc and the increase of the opening degree of the first regulating valve, so as to increase the battery cooling power.
If P1 is more than P2, Pc is P1-P2, P7 is more than P1+ P6+ Pc is less than or equal to P7+ P3, Pg is P1+ P6+ Pc-P7, and Ph is P1+ P6+ Pc-P3, the compressor operates according to the maximum refrigerating power P7, and the semiconductor ventilation module operates according to the cooling power Pg. Or the compressor is operated at a cooling power Ph and the semiconductor ventilation module is operated at a maximum cooling power P3. Or the compressor is operated at the maximum cooling power P7, the semiconductor heat exchange module increases the cooling power Pc. Or the compressor increases the cooling power Pc, and the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the maximum cooling power P3. Or the cooling power of the compressor is not changed, and the cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is increased by Pc. Or the cooling power of the compressor is increased by Pc, and the cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is unchanged. Or the cooling power of the compressor is increased by 0.5Pc, and the cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is increased by 0.5 Pc. Or the cooling power is increased according to the ratio of the maximum cooling power of the compressor and the maximum cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module respectively in proportion. Meanwhile, the opening degree of the first regulating valve is increased, the rotating speed of the control pump is increased, and the rotating speed of the fan is increased, so that the cooling power of the battery cooling branch is increased by Pc.
If P1 is more than P2, Pc is P1-P2, and P1+ P6+ Pc is more than P7+ P3, the compressor operates according to the maximum cooling power P7, meanwhile, the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the maximum cooling power P3, meanwhile, the rotating speed of the fan is increased, and the rotating speed of the pump is increased through the battery heat management heat exchange module, so that the heat exchange power is increased. At the moment, whether the temperature of the battery is higher than 45 ℃ is judged, if the temperature of the battery is higher than 45 ℃, cooling power is preferentially provided for cooling the battery, the compressor operates according to the maximum cooling power P7, the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the maximum cooling power P3, and meanwhile the rotating speed of the fan is increased. The opening degree of the first regulating valve is increased, so that the cooling power of the battery cooling branch is P1+ Pc, the opening degree of the second regulating valve is reduced, the power of the in-vehicle cooling branch is P7+ P3-P1-Pc, the rotating speed of the control pump is increased, the rotating speed of the fan is increased, and the cooling power of the battery cooling branch is increased by Pc. If the battery temperature is not higher than 45 ℃ and the temperature in the vehicle does not reach the set temperature, cooling power is preferentially provided for the vehicle, the compressor runs according to the maximum cooling power P7, the semiconductor heat exchange module runs according to the maximum cooling power P3, and meanwhile the rotating speed of the fan is increased. The opening degree of the second regulating valve is increased to make the cooling power of the in-vehicle cooling branch be P6, and the opening degree of the first regulating valve is decreased to make the cooling power of the battery cooling branch be P7+ P3-P6. If the temperature in the vehicle has reached the set temperature, the cooling power of the battery is preferentially satisfied.
And if P1 is less than or equal to P2 and Pc is P2-P1, keeping the refrigerating power of the compressor unchanged, keeping the refrigerating power of the semiconductor unchanged, or reducing the refrigerating power of the compressor, reducing the cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module, or reducing the opening degree of the first regulating valve, or reducing the rotating speed of the pump, so that the cooling power of the battery cooling branch loop is reduced by Pc.
When the temperature regulation system is operating in heating mode: setting the required power for regulating the temperature of the battery as P1, the actual power for regulating the microblog and temperature of the battery as P2, P4 as the maximum heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module, and P5 as the maximum heating power of the heater.
If P1 is less than or equal to P5, the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the heating power P1.
If P1 is greater than P5, P1 is not greater than P5+ P4, and P1-P5 are Pd, the heater provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P5, meanwhile, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides heating power for the battery according to the heating power Pd, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and the rotating speed of the pump is increased by the battery heat management heat exchange module to increase the heat exchange power. If P1 is greater than P5, and P1 is greater than P5+ P4, the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P5, meanwhile, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P3, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and the rotating speed of the pump is increased through the battery heat management heat exchange module so that the heat exchange power is increased.
In the heating process, if P1 is not more than P2 and Pc is P2-P1, the heating power Pc of the semiconductor heat exchange module is reduced, the rotating speed of the fourth fan and the fifth fan is reduced, or the heating power of the PTC heater is reduced by Pc, and meanwhile, the rotating speed of the pump is reduced by the battery heat management heat exchange module, so that electric energy is saved. Or to keep the current heating power unchanged.
In the heating process, if P1 is more than P2, Pc is P1-P2, and P1+ Pc is less than or equal to P5, the PTC heater increases the heating power Pc, and the battery thermal management module controls the rotating speed of the pump to be increased so as to increase the heating power of the battery.
If P1 is more than P2, Pc is P1-P2, P5 is more than P1+ Pc and is less than or equal to P5+ P4, Pi is P1+ Pc-P5, Pj is P1+ Pc-P4, the PTC heater operates according to the maximum heating power P5, and the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the heating power Pi. Or the PTC heater operates according to the heating power Pj, and the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the maximum heating power P4. Or the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P5, and the semiconductor heat exchange module increases the heating power Pc. Or the heating power of the heater is not changed, and the heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is increased by Pc. Or the heating power of the heater is increased by Pc, and the heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is unchanged. Or the heating power of the PTC heater is increased by 0.5Pc, the heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is increased by 0.5Pc, or the heating power is increased according to the ratio of the maximum heating power of the PTC heater and the maximum heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module respectively in proportion. And meanwhile, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and meanwhile, the rotating speed of the pump is increased through the battery heat management heat exchange module, so that the heat exchange power is increased, and the battery heating power is increased by Pc.
If P1 is greater than P2, Pc is P1-P2, and P1+ Pc is greater than P5+ P4, the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P5, meanwhile, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P4, meanwhile, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and the rotating speed of the pump is increased through the battery heat management heat exchange module so that the heat exchange power is increased.
The difference between fig. 1b and fig. 1a is mainly that there are 2 battery cooling branches and 1 in-vehicle cooling circuit in the solution shown in fig. 1 b. The battery cooling branch 1 is: air conditioner wind outlet-first governing valve 601-first fan 501-heat exchanger 3. The battery cooling branch 2 is: the carriage is the semiconductor heat exchange module 5, the third fan 503, the third regulating valve 603, the first fan 501 and the heat exchanger 3. The in-vehicle cooling loop comprises: air conditioner wind outlet-second governing valve 602-second fan 502-carriage. The cooling air source of the battery cooling branch 2 is cooling air in the carriage, and the cooling air in the carriage is cooled by the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5, and then passes through the third fan 503, the third regulating valve 603 and the first fan 501 to provide cooling air for the heat exchanger 3.
As shown in fig. 3a-3b, the present invention also proposes a temperature regulation system, and compared to fig. 1a, the solution shown in fig. 3a-3b is a schematic view of the cooling circuit when fig. 3a does not start the in-vehicle cooling. Since the requirement of cooling is not started in the vehicle, whether the cooling air for cooling the battery needs to be recycled to the compartment through the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 or discharged to the outside of the vehicle can be determined according to the temperature condition in the vehicle. If the battery cooling air needs to be recycled, according to the scheme shown in fig. 3a, the battery cooling air passes through the third regulating valve 603 and the third fan 503, and then passes through the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 to be blown back to the compartment, so as to cool the compartment. If the battery cooling air does not need to be recycled, the battery cooling air can be directly exhausted out of the vehicle through the third regulating valve 603 and the third fan 503 according to the scheme shown in fig. 3 b.
Fig. 4 shows another temperature regulation system, in comparison with fig. 1b, the solution shown in fig. 4 being a schematic view of the cooling circuit when fig. 1b does not have in-vehicle cooling switched on. There are 2 battery cooling branches at this time. The battery cooling branch 1 is: air conditioner wind outlet-first governing valve 601-first fan 501-heat exchanger 3. The battery cooling branch 2 is: the carriage is the semiconductor heat exchange module 5, the third fan 503, the third regulating valve 603, the first fan 501 and the heat exchanger 3. The battery cooling branch 2 is: the compartment comprises a semiconductor heat exchange module 5, a third fan 503, a third regulating valve 603, a first fan 501 and a heat exchanger 3.
As shown in fig. 4, if the semiconductor controller receives the battery cooling function start information transmitted by the vehicle-mounted air conditioning controller, the battery cooling function is started, and the semiconductor controller transmits the battery cooling function start information to the battery thermal management controller. The semiconductor controller receives the temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery sent by the on-vehicle air conditioner. The semiconductor controller receives the water temperature information sent by the battery thermal management controller and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery. In the process of starting the battery cooling function, the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 supplies power in the forward direction, so that the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 is in a cooling working state, and air in the vehicle is blown to the cooling end through the fourth fan 504, so that the temperature of the air is reduced. The cooling power of the semiconducting thermal module 5 is determined according to the difference between the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2. When the cooling function of the semiconductor heat exchange module is turned on, the fourth fan 504 and the fifth fan 505 are turned on to operate.
Fig. 5 is another vehicle-mounted battery temperature regulation system, and compared with fig. 1a, the biggest difference is that neither the vehicle-mounted air conditioner 2 nor the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 works. This scheme is applicable to when the interior/exterior ambient temperature of car is lower, and the outside cooling air blows on heat exchanger 3 through second fan 502-second governing valve 602-first governing valve 601-first fan 501, provides cooling power for battery 4.
In addition, the invention also provides a temperature regulation system of the vehicle-mounted battery, as shown in fig. 6, the temperature regulation system of the vehicle-mounted battery may further include a fourth fan 504 connected to the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5, the fourth fan 504 is connected to the fourth air port of the vehicle compartment, and a fifth fan 505 connected to the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5, and the fifth fan 505 is connected to the fifth air port outside the vehicle.
Specifically, the scheme shown in fig. 6 is applicable to the working condition that the ambient temperature is lower and the heat generation amount of the battery is higher than that in fig. 1a, at this time, the battery cooling branch has 2 branches, and the battery cooling branch 1 is: air conditioner wind outlet-first governing valve 601-first fan 501-heat exchanger 3. The battery cooling branch 2 is: the exterior of the vehicle, the cooling end, the third fan 503, the third regulating valve 603, the first fan 501 and the heat exchanger 3. Meanwhile, an in-vehicle heating loop is also arranged, and air in the carriage is heated by the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 and then blown into the carriage, so that the temperature in the carriage is increased.
In addition, when the temperature regulation system of the vehicle-mounted battery operates in the heating mode, heating power may be supplied through the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 in addition to the heater 11. Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the third fan 503 is connected to the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5.
And if the semiconductor controller receives battery heating function starting information sent by the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller, the battery heating function is started, and the semiconductor controller sends the battery heating function starting information to the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller and the battery thermal management controller. The semiconductor controller receives the temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery sent by the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller. And the semiconductor controller receives the water temperature information sent by the battery thermal management controller and the temperature of the battery to adjust the actual power. In the starting process of the battery heating function, the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 supplies power reversely, so that the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 is in a heating working state, and air in the vehicle is blown to the heating end through the fourth fan 504, so that the temperature of the air is increased. The heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 is determined according to the difference value between the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery, namely the heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 is equal to P1-P2. When the heating function of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 is turned on, the fourth fan 504 and the fifth fan 505 are turned on to operate.
As shown in fig. 7, in the heating process of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5, the controller compares the information of the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery, if P1 is smaller than P2, the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 increases the heating power, and simultaneously controls the fourth fan 504 and the fifth fan 505 to operate at a high rotation speed, so as to increase the heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module. In the battery heating process, if the semiconductor controller receives battery heating completion information of the vehicle-mounted air conditioning controller, the battery heating is completed.
According to the temperature adjusting system of the vehicle-mounted battery, the heating power and the cooling power of the vehicle-mounted battery can be accurately controlled according to the actual state of the vehicle-mounted battery, the temperature is adjusted when the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high or too low, the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained in a preset range, and the condition that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced by the temperature is avoided.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart of a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a first embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 1a-1b, the vehicle-mounted battery temperature regulation system comprises a heat exchanger; the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is provided with an air conditioner air outlet, and a first air duct is formed between the air conditioner air outlet and the heat exchanger; a second air channel is formed between the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the first fan, and a third air channel is formed between the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the carriage; the battery heat management module is connected with the heat exchanger to form a heat exchange flow path; and the controller (not specifically shown in the figure) is connected with the semiconductor heat exchange module, the battery heat management module and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner. As shown in fig. 8, the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle-mounted battery includes the steps of:
and S1, when the battery needs to exchange heat, acquiring the power P1 required by the temperature regulation of the battery.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the acquiring the power required for temperature adjustment of the battery specifically includes: the method comprises the steps of obtaining a first parameter when the temperature of the battery is adjusted, and generating first temperature adjustment required power according to the first parameter. And acquiring a second parameter of the battery during temperature adjustment, and generating a second temperature adjustment required power according to the second parameter. The temperature regulation required power P1 is generated based on the first temperature regulation required power and the second temperature regulation required power.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameters are an initial temperature and a target temperature at which the battery is opened for temperature adjustment and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the generating the first temperature adjustment required power according to the first parameters specifically includes: a first temperature difference Delta T between an initial temperature and a target temperature is obtained1. According to the first temperature difference Delta T1And the target time t generates the first temperature regulation required power P1.
Still further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature regulation required power is generated by the following formula (1):
ΔT1*C*M/t， (1)
wherein, Delta T1Is a first temperature difference between an initial temperature and a target temperature, t is a target time, C is a specific heat capacity of the battery, and M is a mass of the battery.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second parameter is an average current I of the battery for a preset time, and the second temperature regulation required power is generated by the following formula (2):
I2*R， (2)
wherein I is the average current and R is the internal resistance of the battery.
And S2, acquiring the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of the battery.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the obtaining the temperature-adjusted actual power of the battery specifically includes:the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the flow path for adjusting the battery temperature are taken, and the flow velocity v of the coolant flowing into the flow path is acquired. Generating a second temperature difference Δ T from the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature2. According to the second temperature difference DeltaT2And the flow rate v generates a temperature regulated actual power P2.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 is further generated according to the following formula (3):
ΔT2*C*m， (3)
wherein, Delta T2And C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, and m is the mass of the cooling liquid flowing through the cross section of the flow path per unit time, wherein m is v ρ s, v is the flow velocity of the cooling liquid, ρ is the density of the cooling liquid, and s is the cross section of the flow path.
The flow velocity sensor may be replaced with a flow sensor, where m is Q ρ, and Q is a flow rate of the coolant flowing through the cross-sectional area of the flow path per unit time measured by the flow sensor.
And S3, controlling at least one of the vehicle air conditioner and the semiconductor heat exchange module to work according to the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2 so as to regulate the temperature of the battery.
In the embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the battery is adjusted within the target time according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 to reach the target temperature.
Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, whether the battery needs to be temperature-regulated is determined, when the temperature of the battery is high, for example, higher than 40 ℃, the temperature regulation system of the vehicle-mounted battery enters a cooling mode, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner 2 and the battery thermal management module 1 operate, the controller controls the first regulating valve 601 to be opened, the first fan 501 blows cooling air of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner 2 to the heat exchanger 3 to cool a medium in a cooling pipeline in the heat exchanger 3, and the medium cools the battery through the battery thermal management module 1. When the temperature adjusting system of the vehicle-mounted battery works in a cooling mode, the flow direction of cooling air is as follows: an air-conditioning air outlet, a first regulating valve, a first fan and a heat exchanger; the medium flow direction is as follows: the heat exchanger-battery heat management module-battery heat management module-heat exchanger. And when cooling the battery, as shown in fig. 1b, the controller may also control the semiconductor heat exchange module to operate, the third fan blows the cooling power of the semiconductor cooling end to the first fan, and the first fan blows the cooling power to the heat exchanger to cool the medium in the cooling pipeline in the heat exchanger, and the medium cools the battery through the battery heat management module 1.
In the process of cooling the battery, the initial temperature (namely the current temperature) of the battery, the target temperature and the target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature are also obtained, wherein the target temperature and the target time t can be preset according to the actual condition of the vehicle-mounted battery, and then the first temperature regulation required power is calculated according to the formula (1). Meanwhile, the average current I of the battery in the preset time is obtained, and the second temperature regulation required power is calculated according to the formula (2). Then, the temperature regulation required power P1 (required power that regulates the temperature of the battery to the target temperature) is calculated from the first temperature regulation required power and the second temperature regulation required power. Then, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the battery are obtained, and the flow rate information is obtained, and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 is calculated according to the formula (3). And finally, adjusting the power of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and the semiconductor heat exchange module according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 so as to adjust the temperature of the battery. Therefore, the control method can accurately control the time required by the temperature adjustment of the battery, the actual power of the temperature adjustment of the battery can be adjusted in real time, the temperature adjustment of the vehicle-mounted battery can be completed within the target time, the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained within the preset range, and the condition that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced by the temperature is avoided.
It is understood that the battery 4 refers to an energy storage device mounted on the vehicle to provide a power output for the vehicle and to provide power to other electrical devices on the vehicle, which may be repeatedly charged.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the vehicle air conditioner may provide cooling power to the battery and may perform CAN communication with the battery thermal management module. The vehicle-mounted air conditioner also controls the opening or closing of the first regulating valve, and the opening of the first regulating valve can be regulated. The first fan is controlled by the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, and the air speed is adjustable.
Temperature regulation required power P1 is temperature regulation power required by the battery when the temperature of the battery is to be regulated to the target temperature. The battery temperature adjustment actual power P2 is the temperature adjustment power actually obtained by the battery when the battery is currently temperature-adjusted. The target temperature is a set value and can be preset according to the actual situation of the vehicle-mounted battery, for example, in winter, the outdoor environment temperature is low, the battery needs to be heated, the target temperature can be set to about 10 ℃, in summer, the battery needs to be cooled, and the target temperature can be set to about 35 ℃.
When the temperature of the battery is higher than 40 ℃, for example, the temperature regulating system of the vehicle-mounted battery enters a cooling mode, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and the battery thermal management module work, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controls the first regulating valve to be opened, the first fan blows cooling air of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner to the heat exchanger so as to cool a medium in a cooling pipeline in the heat exchanger, and the medium cools the battery through the battery thermal management module.
When the battery is cooled, the initial temperature (namely the current temperature), the target temperature and the target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature of the battery are obtained, wherein the target temperature and the target time t can be preset according to the actual situation, and the first temperature regulation required power is calculated according to the formula (1). Meanwhile, the average current I of the battery in the preset time is obtained, and the second temperature regulation required power of the battery is calculated according to the formula (2). Then, the temperature regulation required power P1 (required power for regulating the temperature of the battery to the target temperature) of the battery is calculated based on the battery first temperature regulation required power and the second temperature regulation required power. Then, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the battery are obtained, and the flow rate information is obtained, and the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 of the battery is calculated according to the equation (3). The required temperature adjustment power P1 is the power required to be supplied to the battery, i.e., the temperature of the battery is adjusted to a set target temperature, and the actual battery temperature adjustment power P2 is the actual power obtained by the battery when the battery is currently temperature-adjusted, and the target temperature is a set value, and can be preset according to the actual situation of the vehicle-mounted battery, for example, when the battery is cooled, the target temperature can be set to about 35 ℃. Then, the power of the first fan and the opening degree of the first regulating valve are regulated according to the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2. For example, if P1 is greater than P2, the cooling power of the compressor is increased, the rotation speed of the first fan is increased, and the opening degree of the first regulating valve is increased, so that the actual power is regulated by increasing the temperature of the battery, and the battery 4 is cooled as soon as possible. Therefore, the temperature can be adjusted when the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high, the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained in a preset range, and the condition that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced by the temperature is avoided.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, a battery thermal management module includes a pump, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, and a flow rate sensor disposed on a heat exchange flow path; wherein: the pump is used for enabling the medium in the heat exchange flow path to flow; the first temperature sensor is used for detecting the inlet temperature of a medium flowing into the vehicle-mounted battery; the second temperature sensor is used for detecting the outlet temperature of the medium flowing out of the vehicle-mounted battery; the flow velocity sensor is used for detecting the flow velocity of the medium in the heat exchange flow path.
Further, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, the battery thermal management module may further include a medium container disposed on the heat exchange flow path, the medium container being used for storing and supplying a medium to the heat exchange flow path.
Still further, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, the battery thermal management module may further include: and the heater is arranged on the heat exchange flow path and is used for heating the medium in the heat exchange flow path.
Specifically, the temperature regulation system of the vehicle-mounted battery can cool the battery through the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and the heat exchanger, and can also heat the medium through the heater so as to regulate the temperature of the battery when the temperature of the battery is low. The heater can be a PTC heater, and the heater is not directly contacted with the battery, so that the safety, the reliability and the practicability are higher. The pump is primarily used to provide power, the media container is primarily used to store media and receive media for addition to the temperature regulation system, and the media in the media container can be automatically replenished as the media in the temperature regulation system decreases. The first temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the inlet medium of the battery flow path, and the second temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the outlet medium of the battery flow path. The flow rate sensor is used for detecting the flow rate information of the medium in the pipeline in the temperature regulating system.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9, the temperature adjustment method may further include: acquiring the temperature of the battery, and judging whether the temperature of the battery is greater than a first temperature threshold (S10-S20); entering a cooling mode when the temperature of the battery is greater than a first temperature threshold (S30); when the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold, continuing to determine whether the temperature of the battery is less than a second temperature threshold (S40); entering a heating mode (S50) when the temperature of the battery is less than a second temperature threshold, wherein the first temperature threshold is greater than the second temperature threshold. The first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, for example, the first temperature threshold may be 40 ℃, and the second temperature threshold may be 0 ℃.
Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the temperature of the battery is acquired in real time and is judged. If the temperature of the battery is higher than 40 ℃, the temperature of the battery is over high at the moment, the battery needs to be cooled to avoid the influence of the high temperature on the performance of the battery, the battery enters a cooling mode, the first regulating valve is controlled to be opened, the first fan blows cooling air of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner to the heat exchanger to cool media in a cooling pipeline in the heat exchanger, and the media are cooled by the battery heat management module.
If the temperature of the battery is lower than 0 ℃, the temperature of the battery is too low at the moment, so that the battery is required to be heated in order to avoid the influence of low temperature on the performance of the battery, the battery enters a heating mode, the heater is controlled to be opened, meanwhile, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner keeps the first regulating valve in a closed state, and the medium in the cooling pipeline is heated by the heater so as to exchange heat with the battery, so that the temperature regulation of the battery is completed.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, the vehicle air conditioner includes a first adjusting valve disposed in the first air duct and a first fan corresponding to the heat exchanger, and when in the cooling mode, the method may further include: judging whether the temperature regulation required power P1 is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2; if the temperature regulation required power P1 is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2, acquiring a power difference between the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2, and increasing the cooling power of the compressor according to the power difference, and simultaneously increasing the rotating speed of the first fan or increasing the opening degree of the first regulating valve; if the temperature regulation required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature regulation actual power P2, the cooling power of the compressor is reduced, the rotating speed of the first fan is reduced, the opening degree of the first regulating valve is reduced, or the cooling power of the compressor, the rotating speed of the first fan and the opening degree of the first regulating valve are kept unchanged.
Specifically, as shown in the system of fig. 1a-1b, when operating in the cooling mode, the temperature-adjustment required power P1 and the temperature-adjustment actual power P2 of the battery are acquired and judged. If the P1 of the battery is larger than the P2, the situation that the temperature of the battery cannot be reduced within the target time according to the current refrigerating power is shown, so that the power difference between the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery 4 is obtained, and the cooling power of the compressor is increased, the rotating speed of the first fan is increased, the opening degree of the first regulating valve is increased according to the power difference, so that the air quantity of the cooling air blown to the heat exchanger is increased, and the heat exchange of the heat exchanger is accelerated. Wherein, the larger the power difference between P1 and P2 is, the more the cooling power of the compressor, the rotation speed of the first fan and the opening degree of the first regulating valve are increased, so that the temperature of the battery is reduced to the target temperature within the preset time t. And if the P1 is less than or equal to the P2, the vehicle can reduce the cooling power of the compressor, reduce the rotating speed of the first fan to save electric energy, or keep the cooling power of the compressor and the rotating speed of the first fan unchanged. When the temperature of the battery is lower than 35 ℃, the battery cooling is completed, and the battery manager sends information for closing the temperature adjusting function through the CAN communication vehicle-mounted air conditioner to control the first adjusting valve and the first fan to be closed. If the temperature of the battery is still higher than 35 ℃ after the temperature adjusting system enters the cooling mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, the cooling power of the compressor, the rotating speed of the first fan and the opening degree of the first adjusting valve are properly increased, so that the temperature of the battery is reduced as soon as possible.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the heating mode is selected, the method may further include: it is determined whether the temperature regulation required power P1 is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2. If the temperature regulation required power P1 is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2, acquiring a power difference between the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2, and increasing the power of a heater for heating the battery according to the power difference; if the temperature-adjustment required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature-adjustment actual power P2, the power of the heater is reduced or kept constant.
Specifically, the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery are acquired when operating in the heating mode, and determination is made. If the P1 of the battery is greater than the P2, it is explained that if the temperature rise of the battery cannot be completed within the target time according to the current heating power, the power difference between the temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery and the temperature regulation actual power P2 is obtained, and the power of the heater is increased according to the power difference, wherein the larger the power difference between P1 and P2 is, the more the power of the heater 11 is increased, so that the temperature of the battery is raised to the target temperature within the preset time t. And if P1 is less than or equal to P2, the heating power of the heater may be reduced to save electric power or the power of the heater may be kept constant. When the temperature of the battery reaches 10 ℃, the battery is heated, and the heater is controlled to stop heating. If the temperature of the battery remains below 10 c after the thermostat system enters the heating mode for a longer period of time, for example, after an hour, the heater power is increased appropriately to allow the battery to finish warming as quickly as possible.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1a to 1b, the method may further include: when the temperature regulation demand power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature regulation actual power P2, the rotation speed of the pump is reduced or kept constant, and when the temperature regulation demand power P1 is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2, the rotation speed of the pump is increased.
Specifically, when entering the heating mode or the cooling mode, if the P1 of the battery is less than or equal to P2, the rotation speed of the pump is controlled to be reduced to save electric power or to keep the rotation speed of the pump constant. And if the battery P1 is greater than P2, the rotating speed of the pump can be controlled to be increased in addition to the cooling power of the compressor, the rotating speed of the first fan, the opening degree increase of the first regulating valve or the power of the heater, so that the mass of the medium flowing through the cross-sectional area of the cooling flow path per unit time can be increased, and the temperature of the battery can be increased to adjust the actual power P2, so that the temperature adjustment can be realized within the target time t.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, a fourth air duct is formed between the air outlet of the air conditioner and the vehicle compartment, the vehicle air conditioner includes a second regulating valve and a second fan which are arranged in the fourth air duct, and the method further includes: and acquiring the temperature of the compartment, and adjusting the opening degrees of the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve according to the temperature of the compartment, the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2.
Further, adjusting the opening degrees of the first and second regulating valves according to the cabin temperature, the temperature regulation required power P1, and the temperature regulation actual power P2 includes: judging whether the temperature regulation required power P1 is smaller than the temperature regulation actual power P2; if the temperature regulation required power P1 is smaller than the temperature regulation actual power P2, judging whether the temperature of the battery is larger than a first preset temperature threshold value or not; if the temperature of the battery is greater than the first preset temperature threshold, the opening degree of the second regulating valve is decreased, and the opening degree of the first regulating valve is increased. The first preset temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, and may be, for example, 45 ℃.
Further, if the temperature of the battery is smaller than a first preset temperature threshold value, whether the temperature in the compartment reaches the set temperature of the air conditioner is further judged; if the set temperature of the air conditioner is not reached, increasing the opening degree of the second regulating valve and reducing the opening degree of the first regulating valve; and if the set temperature of the air conditioner is reached, reducing the opening degree of the second regulating valve and increasing the opening degree of the first regulating valve.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, the battery cooling branch loop provides cooling power for the battery through the heat exchanger, and the first regulating valve can be used for controlling the cooling air intake of the battery cooling branch loop. The second regulating valve can be used for controlling the cooling air inlet volume of the in-vehicle cooling loop. When the battery cooling function is started, the battery cooling branch loop is as follows: air-conditioning air outlet, first regulating valve, first fan and heat exchanger. The in-vehicle cooling loop comprises: air conditioning air outlet, second regulating valve, second fan and carriage.
That is, by detecting the air temperature in the vehicle cabin and adjusting the power distribution of each cooling circuit according to the cabin air temperature situation, and the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery, the cooling requirements for the in-vehicle cooling and the battery cooling are balanced.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, the semiconductor heat exchange module further includes a third fan and a third regulating valve, which are disposed in the second air duct and correspond to the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module. The semiconductor heat exchange module is provided with a heating end and a cooling end. And the third fan corresponds to the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, the vehicle-mounted battery temperature regulation system may further include a fourth fan connected to the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module, the fourth fan 504 being connected to the fourth air inlet of the vehicle compartment, and a fifth fan connected to the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module.
Specifically, the semiconductor exchange module has a heating terminal and a cooling terminal, and the heating terminal and the cooling terminal are exchanged when the power supply is reversely connected. And heat exchange fans (a fourth fan and a fifth fan) are respectively arranged on the heating end and the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module and used for accelerating the heat exchange between the heating end and the cooling end. The cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module can be increased by increasing the rotating speed of the heat exchange fan.
After the battery cooling function is started, the temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery is acquired. And in the battery cooling process, controlling the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve to open, and simultaneously controlling the first fan and the second fan to start working. Meanwhile, the acquired temperature of the battery adjusts the actual power P2. In the battery cooling process, the temperature regulation required power P1 of battery and the temperature actual power P2 information of battery are compared, if the temperature regulation required power P1 is less than the temperature actual power P2, whether the temperature of battery reaches 45 ℃ (higher temperature) is judged, if the temperature of battery reaches 45 ℃, the opening degree of the second regulating valve is reduced, the opening degree of the first regulating valve is increased, the in-vehicle cooling air flow is reduced, the cooling air flow of the battery cooling branch is increased, and the cooling capacity distribution of battery cooling and in-vehicle cooling is adjusted. If the temperature of the battery is not higher than 45 ℃, whether the temperature in the carriage reaches the set temperature of the air conditioner is judged, if so, the opening degree of the second regulating valve is reduced, the opening degree of the first regulating valve is increased, if the temperature in the carriage does not reach the set temperature of the air conditioner, the refrigerating capacity requirement in the vehicle is preferentially met, and at the moment, the difference value part cooling power between the required power of temperature regulation and the actual power of temperature regulation is provided by the semiconductor heat exchange module. In the battery cooling process, if the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery reaches 35 ℃, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner forwards the battery cooling completion information to the battery thermal management controller, and the battery cooling is completed.
The average temperature of the battery is subjected to hierarchical treatment, and the threshold values of temperature control are 40 ℃, 45 ℃ and 35 ℃. When the temperature of the battery is higher than 40 ℃, the cooling function of the battery is started, when the temperature of the battery reaches 35 ℃, the cooling of the battery is completed, and when the temperature of the battery reaches a higher temperature of 45 ℃, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner preferentially meets the cooling capacity requirement of the battery. In addition, when P1 is less than P2, if the battery temperature does not exceed 45 ℃, the cooling capacity demand in the vehicle cabin is still prioritized, and if the cooling power in the vehicle cabin is already sufficient and reaches equilibrium, the vehicle air conditioner increases the battery cooling power again.
As shown in fig. 1a, there are 3 cooling circuits, a battery cooling branch circuit, an in-vehicle cooling circuit 1, and an in-vehicle cooling circuit 2, respectively. The first regulating valve can be used for controlling the cooling air inlet amount of the battery cooling branch loop. The second regulating valve can be used to control the cooling air intake of the in-vehicle cooling circuit 1. A third regulating valve can be used to control the cooling air intake of the in-vehicle cooling circuit 2. When the battery cooling function is started, the battery cooling branch loop is as follows: air-conditioning air outlet, first regulating valve, first fan and heat exchanger. The in-vehicle cooling circuit 1 is: air conditioning air outlet, second regulating valve, second fan and carriage. The in-vehicle cooling branch loop 2 mainly provides cooling air for the space in the carriage through the third fan, and the cooling air flows into the inside of the carriage after being cooled by the semiconductor heat exchange module. The in-vehicle cooling circuit 2 is: the air conditioner air outlet comprises an air conditioner air outlet, a first adjusting valve, a first fan, a third adjusting valve, a third fan, a semiconductor heat exchange module and a carriage. When the battery cooling function is not activated, the first regulating valve is closed. The first regulator valve is opened when the battery cooling function is started. The medium circulation direction in the battery cooling duct is as follows: heat exchanger-heater (off) -pump-first temperature sensor-battery-second temperature sensor-flow rate sensor-medium container-heat exchanger. When the battery heating function is started, the medium circulation direction in the battery cooling pipeline is as follows: heat exchanger-heater (on) -pump-first temperature sensor-battery-second temperature sensor-flow rate sensor-medium container-heat exchanger. The fourth fan can blow cooling air at the cooling end to the carriage, and the fifth fan can blow air at the heating end to the outside of the vehicle.
According to the scheme shown in fig. 1a, after cooling air of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner enters the third regulating valve and the third fan and passes through the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module (positively powered), the temperature is reduced, and then the cooling air is blown back to the compartment, so that the compartment cooling effect is achieved, and the influence of battery cooling on refrigeration in the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is reduced.
In the cooling process, comparing the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery, if P1 is less than P2, the cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 is increased, and the fourth fan and the fifth fan are controlled to operate at high rotating speeds to increase the cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module. In the battery cooling process, if the semiconductor heat exchange module receives the battery cooling completion information of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, the battery cooling is completed.
The difference between fig. 1b and fig. 1a is mainly that in the solution shown in fig. 1b, there are 2 battery cooling branches and 1 in-vehicle cooling circuit. The battery cooling branch 1 is: air-conditioning air outlet, first regulating valve, first fan and heat exchanger. The battery cooling branch 2 is: the carriage comprises a semiconductor heat exchange module, a third fan, a third regulating valve, a first fan and a heat exchanger. The in-vehicle cooling loop comprises: air conditioning air outlet, second regulating valve, second fan and carriage. The cooling air source of the battery cooling branch 2 is cooling air in the carriage, and the cooling air in the carriage is cooled by the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module and then passes through the third fan, the third regulating valve and the first fan to provide cooling air for the heat exchanger.
According to an embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 6, the vehicle-mounted battery temperature regulation system further comprises a fourth fan connected with the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module, the fourth fan is connected with the fourth air port of the carriage, and a fifth fan connected with the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module, and the fifth fan is connected with the fifth air port outside the vehicle.
Specifically, the scheme shown in fig. 6 is applicable to the working condition that the ambient temperature is lower and the heat generation amount of the battery is higher than that in fig. 1a, at this time, the battery cooling branch has 2 branches, and the battery cooling branch 1 is: air-conditioning air outlet, first regulating valve, first fan and heat exchanger. The battery cooling branch 2 is: the exterior of the vehicle, a cooling end, a third fan, a third regulating valve, a first fan and a heat exchanger 3. And meanwhile, an in-vehicle heating loop is also arranged, and air in the carriage is heated by the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module and then blown into the carriage, so that the temperature in the carriage is increased.
In addition, when the temperature regulating system of the vehicle-mounted battery works in a heating mode, the heating power can be provided through the semiconductor heat exchange module in addition to the heater. Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the third fan is connected to the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module.
In the starting process of the battery heating function, the semiconductor heat exchange module supplies power reversely, so that the semiconductor heat exchange module is in a heating working state, and air in the vehicle is blown to the heating end through the fourth fan, so that the temperature of the air is increased. The heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is determined according to the difference value of the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery, namely the heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is equal to P1-P2. When the heating function of the semiconductor heat exchange module is started, the fourth fan and the fifth fan are started to work.
As shown in fig. 7, in the heating process of the semiconductor heat exchange module, the semiconductor heat exchange module compares the information of the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery, if P1 is smaller than P2, the semiconductor heat exchange module increases the heating power, and controls the fourth fan and the fifth fan to operate at high rotation speed, so as to increase the heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module. In the battery heating process, if the semiconductor heat exchange module receives the battery heating completion information of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, the battery heating is completed.
According to the temperature adjusting method of the vehicle-mounted battery, the heating power and the cooling power of each battery can be accurately controlled according to the actual state of each battery, the temperature is adjusted when the temperature of the battery is too high or too low, the temperature of the battery is maintained in a preset range, and the condition that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced by the temperature is avoided.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the temperature adjustment method described above.
According to the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the battery needs to exchange heat, the required power for temperature regulation and the actual power for temperature regulation of the battery are obtained, and the temperature of the battery is regulated according to the required power for temperature regulation and the actual power for temperature regulation, so that the temperature of the battery is regulated when the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high, the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained in a preset range, and the condition that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced due to too high temperature is avoided.
Fig. 10a to 10b are schematic structural views of a temperature adjustment system of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a seventh embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 10a to 10b, the temperature regulation system of the vehicle-mounted battery includes: the system comprises a battery thermal management module 1, a semiconductor heat exchange module 5, a battery cooling branch 30, an on-board air conditioner 10, an in-board cooling branch 20 and a controller (not specifically shown in the figure).
Wherein the battery cooling branch 30 comprises a heat exchanger 3. The semiconductor heat exchange module 5 is used for refrigerating the heat exchanger 3. The battery thermal management module 1 is connected to a battery 4 and a heat exchanger 3. The battery thermal management module 1 is connected to a battery 4 and a heat exchanger 3. The in-vehicle air conditioner 10 includes a compressor 101 and a condenser 12. The in-vehicle cooling branch 20 is connected to the compressor 101 and the heat exchanger 3. The controller is used for obtaining the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery, and controlling the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 and/or the vehicle-mounted air conditioner 10 to regulate the temperature of the battery according to the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2.
Specifically, the semiconductor exchange module 5 has a heating terminal and a cooling terminal, and the heating terminal and the cooling terminal are exchanged when the power supply is reversely connected. The heating end and the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 are both provided with heat exchange fans (a fourth fan 504 and a fifth fan 505) for accelerating heat exchange between the heating end and the cooling end. The increase of the rotating speed of the heat exchange fan can increase the cooling/heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5. The power supply of the semiconductor heat exchange module is connected positively as shown in fig. 10a, and the power supply of the conductor heat exchange module is connected reversely as shown in fig. 10 b.
When the temperature of the battery 4 is high, for example, higher than 40 ℃, the temperature regulation system of the vehicle-mounted battery enters a cooling mode, the battery thermal management module 1 and the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 work, the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 supplies power in the forward direction, the cooling end starts to refrigerate, cooling air is blown to the heat exchanger through the fourth fan 504 to cool a medium in a cooling pipeline in the heat exchanger 3, the medium cools the battery through the battery thermal management module 1, and meanwhile, the fifth fan 505 blows heat of the heating end to the outside of the vehicle.
When the temperature of the battery is too low, for example, lower than 0 ℃, the temperature regulation system of the vehicle-mounted battery enters a heating mode, the battery thermal management module 1 and the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 operate, the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 supplies power reversely, the semiconductor heating end starts to heat, and the fourth fan 504 blows the heated air to the heat exchanger 3 to cool the medium in the cooling pipeline in the heat exchanger 3, the medium cools the battery through the battery thermal management module 1, and meanwhile, the fifth fan 505 blows the cold air at the cooling end to the outside of the vehicle.
As shown in fig. 10a-10b, the on-board air conditioner 10 constitutes a cooling branch. Wherein, for example, the refrigeration branch comprises a compressor 101 and a condenser 12 which are connected in series; the evaporator 21, the first expansion valve 22 and the first electronic valve 23 constitute an in-vehicle cooling branch 20; the heat exchanger 3, the second expansion valve 31, and the second electronic valve 32 constitute a battery cooling branch 30.
The heat exchanger 3 can be a plate heat exchanger, and the physical position of the heat exchanger can be located in a loop where the vehicle-mounted air conditioner compressor 101 is located, so that the vehicle-mounted air conditioner can be conveniently factory-debugged, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner can be independently supplied with goods and assembled, and meanwhile, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner only needs to be filled with a medium once in the installation process. The physical location of heat exchanger 3 may also be located within battery thermal management module 1.
The interior of the vehicle air conditioner is divided into 2 independent cooling branches, namely an in-vehicle cooling branch 20 and a battery cooling branch 30, from the condenser 12. The in-vehicle cooling branch 20 mainly supplies cooling power to the space in the vehicle compartment through the evaporator 21, and the battery cooling branch mainly supplies cooling power to the battery 4 through the heat exchanger 3. The cooling power of the battery cooling branch mainly has 2 sources, one of the cooling power is that the refrigerant of the compressor 101 flows into the heat exchanger 3 to provide cooling power for the heat exchanger 3, and the other cooling power is that the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 blows cooling air to the heat exchanger 3 through the fourth fan 504 to provide cooling power for the heat exchanger.
The first and second electronic valves 23 and 32 are used to control the opening and closing of the in-vehicle cooling branch 20 and the battery cooling branch 30, respectively. The first expansion valve 22 and the second expansion valve 31 may be respectively used to control the flow rates of the cooling medium in the in-vehicle cooling branch 20 and the battery cooling branch 30, so as to respectively control the cooling powers of the in-vehicle cooling branch 20 and the battery cooling branch 30.
When the cooling function of the battery 4 is started, the refrigerant has 2 flowing directions, and the in-vehicle cooling branch 20 is: compressor 101-condenser 12-first electronic valve 23-first expansion valve 22-evaporator 21-compressor 101; the battery cooling branch 30 is: compressor 101-condenser 12-second electrovalve 32-second expansion valve 31-heat exchanger 3-compressor 101. The semiconductor heat exchange module 5 cools the cooling air in the vehicle cabin through the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchanger, and then blows the cooling air to the heat exchanger 3 by the fourth fan 504. When the battery cooling function is not activated, the second electronic valve 32 is closed. The second electronic valve 32 is opened when the battery cooling function is started. If cooling is not required in the vehicle at this time, the first electronic valve 32 is closed. And if the battery cooling function is not started, the semiconductor heat exchange module is not electrified. As shown in fig. 10a, after the vehicle is powered on, the controller obtains the temperature of the battery in real time and makes a judgment. If the temperature of the battery is higher than 40 ℃, the temperature of the battery 4 is over high at this moment, in order to avoid the influence of the high temperature on the performance of the battery 4, the temperature of the battery 4 needs to be reduced, the temperature regulating system enters a cooling mode, and the controller controls the second electronic valve 32 to be opened and controls the semiconductor heat exchange module to supply power in the forward direction. When cooling the battery, the first electronic valve is opened, and the cold coal flow direction is as follows: compressor 101-condenser 12-second electronic valve 32-second expansion valve 31-heat exchanger 3; the medium flow direction is as follows: heat exchanger 3-heater 11 (off) -pump 12-first temperature sensor 14-battery 4-second temperature sensor-15-flow sensor 16-medium container 13-heat exchanger 3.
As shown in fig. 10b, if the temperature of the battery 4 is lower than 0 ℃, which means that the temperature of the battery 4 is too low at this time, in order to avoid the low temperature from affecting the performance of the battery 4, the temperature of the battery 4 needs to be raised, the temperature regulating system enters a heating mode, the second electronic valve 32 is kept in a closed state, and the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 supplies power reversely.
When the battery 4 is cooled or heated, the controller also obtains a temperature regulation required power P1 and a temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery in real time, wherein the temperature regulation required power P1 is to regulate the temperature of the battery to a set target temperature, which is the power required to be supplied to the battery 4, and the battery temperature regulation actual power P2 is the actual power obtained by the battery 4 when the battery is currently temperature-regulated, and the target temperature is a set value, which can be preset according to the actual situation of the vehicle-mounted battery, for example, when the battery is cooled, the target temperature can be set to about 35 ℃, and when the battery is heated, the target temperature can be about 10 ℃. Meanwhile, the controller adjusts the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 or the compressor according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, for example, when the battery is cooled, if P1 is greater than P2, the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 is increased, and the rotation speeds of the fourth fan 504 and the fifth fan 505 are controlled to be increased, or the power of the compressor 101 is controlled to be increased, so that the battery 4 is cooled as soon as possible. Therefore, the temperature adjusting system can adjust the temperature when the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained in a preset range, and the condition that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced by the temperature is avoided.
It is understood that each electronic valve and expansion valve is controlled by an on-board air conditioning controller, as shown in fig. 11. As shown in fig. 10a-10b, the battery thermal management module includes a pump, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, and a flow rate sensor disposed on the heat exchange flow path; wherein: the pump is used for enabling the medium in the heat exchange flow path to flow; the first temperature sensor is used for detecting the inlet temperature of a medium flowing into the vehicle-mounted battery; the second temperature sensor is used for detecting the outlet temperature of the medium flowing out of the vehicle-mounted battery; the flow velocity sensor is used for detecting the flow velocity of the medium in the heat exchange flow path.
Further, as shown in fig. 10a-10b, the battery thermal management module 1 may further include a medium container disposed on the heat exchange flow path, the medium container being used for storing and supplying a medium to the heat exchange flow path.
How to obtain the temperature-regulation required power P1 and the temperature-regulation actual power P2 of the battery 4 is described below with reference to specific examples.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the controller may be configured to obtain a first parameter when the battery is turned on for temperature adjustment, and generate a first temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the first parameter, and obtain a second parameter when the battery is temperature-adjusted, and generate a second temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the second parameter, and generate a temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery according to the first temperature adjustment required power of the battery and the second temperature adjustment required power of the battery.
Further, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameter is a batteryAn initial temperature and a target temperature at the time of turning on temperature adjustment and a target time T from the initial temperature to the target temperature are obtained as a first temperature difference DeltaT between the initial temperature and the target temperature1And according to the first temperature difference DeltaT1And the target time t generates the first temperature regulation required power.
Further, the first temperature regulation required power is generated by the following formula (1):
ΔT1*C*M/t (1)，
wherein, Delta T1Is a first temperature difference between the initial temperature and the target temperature, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery 4, and M is the mass of the battery 4.
The second parameter is the average current I of the battery in the preset time, and the second temperature regulation required power is generated through the following formula (2):
I2*R， (2)，
where I is the average current and R is the internal resistance of the battery 4.
Specifically, the charge and discharge current parameters of the battery 4 may be detected by a current hall sensor and the battery manager may estimate the average current of the battery 4 based on the current parameters of the battery 4 over a period of time.
When cooling battery 4, P1 ═ Δ T1*C*M/t+I2R; when the battery 4 is heated, P1 ═ Δ T1*C*M/t-I2*R。
According to one embodiment of the invention, the controller also generates a second temperature difference Δ T based on the inlet temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 14 and the outlet temperature detected by the second temperature sensor2And according to the second temperature difference DeltaT of each battery2And the flow rate v detected by the flow rate sensor generates the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 of the battery.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 is generated according to the following formula (3):
ΔT2*c*m， (3)
wherein, Delta T2Is at the second temperatureAnd c is the specific heat capacity of the medium in the flow path, m is the mass of the medium flowing through the cross-sectional area of the flow path in unit time, wherein m is v ρ s, v is the flow velocity of the medium, ρ is the density of the medium, and s is the cross-sectional area of the flow path.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the controller also obtains the temperature of the battery; judging whether the temperature of the battery is greater than a first temperature threshold value or not; entering a cooling mode when the temperature of the battery is greater than a first temperature threshold; when the temperature of the battery is smaller than or equal to the first temperature threshold, continuously judging whether the temperature of the battery is smaller than a second temperature threshold; when the temperature of the battery is less than a second temperature threshold, entering a heating mode, where the first temperature threshold is greater than the second temperature threshold, and the first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold may be preset according to an actual situation, for example, the first temperature threshold may be 40 ℃ and the second temperature threshold is 0 ℃.
Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the temperature of the battery is acquired in real time and is judged. If the temperature of the battery is higher than 40 ℃, the temperature of the battery is over high at the moment, in order to avoid the influence of the high temperature on the performance of the battery, the temperature of the battery needs to be reduced, and the temperature regulating system enters a cooling mode. If the temperature of the battery is lower than 0 ℃, the temperature of the battery 4 is too low at this time, so that the battery needs to be heated in order to avoid the influence of low temperature on the performance of the battery, and the temperature regulating system enters a heating mode to control the heater to be turned on and keep the electric second electronic valve 32 in a closed state.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 10a-10b, when in the cooling mode, the controller is further configured to obtain a power difference between the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 when the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, so that the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 increases power according to the power difference, and reduce the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 and/or reduce the cooling power of the compressor when the temperature adjustment required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, so as to save electric energy or keep the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 and/or the compressor unchanged.
Specifically, when operating in the cooling mode, the controller acquires the temperature-adjustment required power P1 and the temperature-adjustment actual power P2 of the battery 4, and makes a judgment. If the P1 of the battery 4 is larger than the P2, which indicates that the temperature of the battery 4 cannot be reduced within the target time according to the current cooling power, the electric controller obtains the power difference between the temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery 4 and the temperature regulation actual power P2, and increases the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 and the rotating speeds of the fourth fan 504 and the fifth fan 505 according to the power difference so as to reduce the temperature of the battery 4 to the target temperature within the preset time t. And if the P1 is less than or equal to P2, the cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5, the rotating speed of the fourth fan 504 and the fifth fan 505, and the cooling power of the compressor can be reduced to save electric energy, or the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 and the compressor can be kept unchanged. When the temperature of the battery is lower than 35 ℃, the cooling of the battery 4 is completed, the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 is controlled to stop cooling, and the second electronic valve 32 is controlled to close. If the temperature of the battery 4 is still higher than 35 ℃ after the temperature adjusting system enters the cooling mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, the cooling power and the rotation speeds of the fourth fan 504 and the fifth fan 505 are increased appropriately, so that the temperature of the battery 4 is reduced as soon as possible.
When the cooling mode is adopted, if the temperature regulation required power P1 is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2, the controller also judges whether the temperature of the battery is greater than a first preset temperature threshold value; if the temperature of the battery is greater than or equal to a first preset temperature threshold value, the controller increases the flow of the cooling liquid of the battery cooling branch and decreases the flow of the cooling liquid of the cooling branch in the vehicle; if the temperature of the battery is smaller than a first preset temperature threshold value, the controller further judges whether the temperature in the carriage reaches the set temperature of the air conditioner, if the temperature in the carriage does not reach the set temperature of the air conditioner, the flow rate of the cooling liquid of the cooling branch in the vehicle is increased, and the flow rate of the cooling liquid of the cooling branch of the battery is reduced. The first preset temperature threshold may be 45 ℃. Specifically, the flow of the cooling liquid of the in-vehicle cooling branch can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the first expansion valve, and the flow of the cooling liquid of the battery cooling branch can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the second expansion valve.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, further, as shown in fig. 12a-12b, the battery thermal management module 1 may further include: and a heater 11 is arranged on the heat exchange flow path, and the heater 11 is used for heating the medium in the heat exchange flow path.
Specifically, the temperature regulation system of the vehicle-mounted battery can heat the medium through the semiconductor heat exchange module and also can heat the medium through the heater so as to regulate the temperature of the battery when the temperature of the battery is lower. The heater can be a PTC heater, and the heater is not directly contacted with the battery, so that the safety, the reliability and the practicability are higher. The pump is primarily used to provide power, the media container is primarily used to store media and receive media for addition to the temperature regulation system, and the media in the media container can be automatically replenished as the media in the temperature regulation system decreases. The first temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the inlet medium of the battery flow path, and the second temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the outlet medium of the battery flow path. The flow rate sensor is used for detecting the flow rate information of the medium in the pipeline in the temperature regulating system.
As shown in fig. 12a-12b, when in the heating mode, the controller obtains a temperature difference between the temperature-adjustment required power P1 and the temperature-adjustment actual power P2 when the temperature-adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature-adjustment actual power P2, and increases the heating power of the heater 11 according to the temperature difference, and maintains the heating power of the heater 11 constant when the temperature-adjustment required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature-adjustment actual power P2.
Specifically, when operating in the heating mode, the controller acquires the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery 4, and makes a judgment. If P1 of the battery 4 is greater than P2, which indicates that if the temperature rise of the battery 4 cannot be completed within the target time in accordance with the current heating power, the battery thermal management module 1 obtains the power difference between the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery 4 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, and increases the power of the heater 11 according to the power difference, wherein the larger the power difference between P1 and P2, the more the power of the heater 11 is increased, so that the temperature of the battery 4 is raised to the target temperature within the preset time t. Whereas, if P1 is less than or equal to P2, the heating power of the heater 11 may be reduced to save electric power, or the power of the heater 11 may be kept constant. When the temperature of the battery reaches a second set temperature, for example, 10 ℃, the heating of the battery 4 is completed, and the battery manager sends a message for turning off the temperature regulation function to the battery thermal management controller through the CAN communication to control the heater 11 to stop heating. If the temperature of the battery 4 remains below 10 c after the thermostat system enters the heating mode for a longer period of time, for example, 2 hours, the battery thermal management controller increases the power to the heater 11 appropriately to allow the battery 4 to finish warming as quickly as possible.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 10a to 10b and fig. 12a to 12b, the controller is further configured to decrease the rotation speed of the pump 12 or keep the rotation speed of the pump 12 constant when the temperature-regulation required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature-regulation actual power P2, and to increase the rotation speed of the pump 12 when the temperature-regulation required power P1 is greater than the temperature-regulation actual power P2.
Specifically, when the temperature regulation system enters the heating mode or the cooling mode, if P1 of the battery 4 is less than or equal to P2, the battery thermal management module 1 controls the rotational speed of the pump 12 to be reduced to save electric power or keep the rotational speed of the pump 12 constant. And if P1 of the battery 4 is greater than P2, in addition to controlling the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 to increase or the power of the heater 11, the rotation speed of the pump 12 may be controlled to increase the mass of the medium flowing through the cross-sectional area of the cooling flow path per unit time, thereby increasing the temperature-adjusting actual power P2 of the battery 4 to achieve temperature adjustment within the target time t.
In summary, as shown in fig. 12a-12b, when the vehicle air conditioner is not operated and only the semiconductor heat exchange module cools the battery, the temperature regulation required power of the battery is P1, the temperature regulation actual power of the battery is P2, and P3 is the maximum cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module.
If P1 is less than or equal to P3, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides cooling power for the battery according to the cooling power P1.
If P1 is greater than P3, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides cooling power for the battery according to the maximum cooling power P3, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and meanwhile the rotating speed of a pump is increased through the battery heat management heat exchange module, so that the heat exchange power is increased.
In the cooling process, if P1 is not more than P2 and Pc is P2-P1, the semiconductor heat exchange module reduces cooling power Pc, reduces the rotating speed of the fourth fan and the fifth fan, and simultaneously reduces the rotating speed of the pump by the battery heat management heat exchange module so as to save electric energy. Or to keep the current power cool.
In the cooling process, if P1 is greater than P2, Pc is P1-P2, and P1+ Pc is less than or equal to P3, the semiconductor heat exchange module increases the cooling power Pc, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and meanwhile, the battery heat management heat exchange module increases the rotating speed of the pump, and the cooling power of the battery is increased. If P1+ Pc > P3, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides cooling power for the battery according to the maximum cooling power P3, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and meanwhile the rotating speed of the pump is increased through the battery heat management heat exchange module, so that the heat exchange power is increased.
When the battery is heated, the required power for regulating the temperature of the battery is P1, the actual power for regulating the temperature of the battery is P2, P4 is the maximum heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module, and P5 is the maximum heating power of the PTC heater.
If P1 is less than or equal to P5, the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the heating power P1.
If P1 is greater than P5, P1 is not greater than P5+ P4, and P1-P5 are Pd, the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P5, meanwhile, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides heating power for the battery according to the heating power Pd, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and the rotating speed of the pump is increased by the battery heat management heat exchange module to increase the heat exchange power. If P1 is greater than P5, and P1 is greater than P5+ P4, the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P5, meanwhile, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P3, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and the rotating speed of the pump is increased through the battery heat management heat exchange module so that the heat exchange power is increased.
In the heating process, if P1 is not more than P2 and Pc is P2-P1, the heating power Pc of the semiconductor heat exchange module is reduced, the rotating speed of the fourth fan and the fifth fan is reduced, or the heating power of the PTC heater is reduced by Pc, and meanwhile, the rotating speed of the pump is reduced by the battery heat management heat exchange module, so that electric energy is saved. Or to keep the current heating power unchanged.
In the heating process, if P1 is more than P2, Pc is P1-P2, and P1+ Pc is less than or equal to P5, the PTC heater increases the heating power Pc, and the battery thermal management module controls the rotating speed of the pump to be increased so as to increase the heating power of the battery.
If P1 is more than P2, Pc is P1-P2, P5 is more than P1+ Pc and is less than or equal to P5+ P4, Pi is P1+ Pc-P5, Pj is P1+ Pc-P4, the PTC heater operates according to the maximum heating power P5, and the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the heating power Pi. Or the PTC heater operates according to the heating power Pj, and the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the maximum heating power P4. Or the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P5, and the semiconductor heat exchange module increases the heating power Pc. Or the heating power of the heater is not changed, and the heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is increased by Pc. Or the heating power of the heater is increased by Pc, and the heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is unchanged. Or the heating power of the PTC heater is increased by 0.5Pc, the heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is increased by 0.5Pc, or the heating power is increased according to the ratio of the maximum heating power of the PTC heater and the maximum heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module respectively in proportion. And meanwhile, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and meanwhile, the rotating speed of the pump is increased through the battery heat management heat exchange module, so that the heat exchange power is increased, and the battery heating power is increased by Pc.
If P1 is greater than P2, Pc is P1-P2, and P1+ Pc is greater than P5+ P4, the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P5, meanwhile, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P4, meanwhile, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and the rotating speed of the pump is increased through the battery heat management heat exchange module so that the heat exchange power is increased.
And when the battery is cooled, if P1 is not more than P3, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides cooling power for the battery according to the cooling power P1. If P1 is greater than P3, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides cooling power for the battery according to the maximum cooling power P3, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and meanwhile the rotating speed of a pump is increased through the battery heat management heat exchange module, so that the heat exchange power is increased.
In the cooling process, if P1 is not more than P2 and Pc is P2-P1, the semiconductor heat exchange module reduces cooling power Pc, reduces the rotating speed of the fourth fan and the fifth fan, and simultaneously reduces the rotating speed of the pump by the battery heat management heat exchange module so as to save electric energy. Or to keep the current power cool.
In the cooling process, if P1 is greater than P2, Pc is P1-P2, and P1+ Pc is less than or equal to P3, the semiconductor heat exchange module increases the cooling power Pc, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and meanwhile, the battery heat management heat exchange module increases the rotating speed of the pump, and the cooling power of the battery is increased. If P1+ Pc > P3, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides cooling power for the battery according to the maximum cooling power P3, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and meanwhile the rotating speed of the pump is increased through the battery heat management heat exchange module, so that the heat exchange power is increased.
When the battery is heated, if P1 is less than or equal to P5, the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the heating power P1. If P1 is greater than P5, P1 is not greater than P5+ P4, and P1-P5 are Pd, the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P5, meanwhile, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides heating power for the battery according to the heating power Pd, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and the rotating speed of the pump is increased by the battery heat management heat exchange module to increase the heat exchange power. If P1 is greater than P5, and P1 is greater than P5+ P4, the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P5, meanwhile, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P3, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and the rotating speed of the pump is increased through the battery heat management heat exchange module so that the heat exchange power is increased.
In the heating process, if P1 is not more than P2 and Pc is P2-P1, the heating power Pc of the semiconductor heat exchange module is reduced, the rotating speed of the fourth fan and the fifth fan is reduced, or the heating power of the PTC heater is reduced by Pc, and meanwhile, the rotating speed of the pump is reduced by the battery heat management heat exchange module, so that electric energy is saved. Or to keep the current heating power unchanged.
In the heating process, if P1 is more than P2, Pc is P1-P2, and P1+ Pc is less than or equal to P5, the PTC heater increases the heating power Pc, and the battery thermal management module controls the rotating speed of the pump to be increased so as to increase the heating power of the battery.
If P1 is more than P2, Pc is P1-P2, P5 is more than P1+ Pc and is less than or equal to P5+ P4, Pi is P1+ Pc-P5, Pj is P1+ Pc-P4, the PTC heater operates according to the maximum heating power P5, and the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the heating power Pi. Or the PTC heater operates according to the heating power Pj, and the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the maximum heating power P4. Or the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P5, and the semiconductor heat exchange module increases the heating power Pc. Or the heating power of the heater is not changed, and the heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is increased by Pc. Or the heating power of the heater is increased by Pc, and the heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is unchanged. Or the heating power of the PTC heater is increased by 0.5Pc, the heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is increased by 0.5Pc, or the heating power is increased according to the ratio of the maximum heating power of the PTC heater and the maximum heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module respectively in proportion. And meanwhile, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and meanwhile, the rotating speed of the pump is increased through the battery heat management heat exchange module, so that the heat exchange power is increased, and the battery heating power is increased by Pc.
If P1 is greater than P2, Pc is P1-P2, and P1+ Pc is greater than P5+ P4, the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P5, meanwhile, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P4, meanwhile, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and the rotating speed of the pump is increased through the battery heat management heat exchange module so that the heat exchange power is increased.
It can be understood that the on-board air conditioning controller can adjust the power distribution of each cooling branch according to the temperature condition of the compartment, the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, so as to balance the cooling requirements of the cooling in the vehicle and the cooling of the battery.
As shown in fig. 12a-12b, when the on-board air conditioner and the semiconductor heat exchange module cool the battery at the same time, the battery cooling and in-vehicle cooling initial power distribution:
and setting the required battery cooling power as P1, the actual battery cooling power as P2, P3 as the maximum cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module, P6 as the in-vehicle cooling power, and P7 as the maximum cooling power of the compressor.
When the sum of the power of the battery cooling demand power P1 and the power of the vehicle interior cooling demand power P6 is less than or equal to P7, namely P1+ P6 is less than or equal to P7, the compressor operates according to the cooling power P1+ P6. And P1 < P7, P6 < P7. And at the same time, the opening degree of the first expansion valve is controlled so that the in-vehicle cooling power becomes P6. The opening degree of the first expansion valve is controlled so that the battery cooling power is P1.
When P7 is more than P1+ P6 and less than or equal to P7+ P3, Pe is P1+ P6-P7, Pf is P1+ P6-P3, the compressor operates according to the maximum refrigerating power P7, and the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the cooling power Pe. The cooling power of the battery cooling branch is P1, and the power of the in-vehicle cooling branch is P6. Alternatively, the semiconductor ventilation module is operated at a maximum cooling capacity P3 and the compressor is operated at a cooling capacity Pf. And at the same time, the opening degree of the first expansion valve is controlled so that the in-vehicle cooling power becomes P6. The opening degree of the first expansion valve is controlled so that the battery cooling power is P1.
When P1+ P6 is greater than P7+ P3, whether the temperature of the battery is greater than 45 ℃ is judged, if the temperature of the battery is greater than 45 ℃, cooling power is preferentially provided for cooling the battery, the compressor operates according to the maximum cooling power P7, the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the maximum cooling power P3, and meanwhile the rotating speed of the fan is increased. The opening degree of the second expansion valve is increased so that the cooling capacity of the battery cooling branch is P1, and the opening degree of the first expansion valve is decreased so that the in-vehicle cooling branch capacity becomes P7+ P3-P1. If the battery temperature is not higher than 45 ℃ and the temperature in the vehicle does not reach the set temperature, cooling power is preferentially provided for the vehicle, the compressor runs according to the maximum cooling power P7, the semiconductor heat exchange module runs according to the maximum cooling power P3, and meanwhile the rotating speed of the fan is increased. The opening degree of the first expansion valve is increased so that the cooling capacity of the in-vehicle cooling branch is P6, and the opening degree of the second expansion valve is decreased so that the cooling capacity of the battery cooling branch is P7+ P3-P6. If the temperature in the vehicle has reached the set temperature, the cooling power of the battery is preferentially satisfied.
Power distribution in the battery cooling process:
if P1 is more than P2, and Pc is P1-P2, P1+ P6+ Pc is less than P7, the compressor increases the cooling power Pc and increases the opening degree of the second expansion valve, and the rotating speed of the water pump is increased, so as to increase the cooling power of the battery.
If P1 is more than P2, Pc is P1-P2, P7 is more than P1+ P6+ Pc is less than or equal to P7+ P3, Pg is P1+ P6+ Pc-P7, and Ph is P1+ P6+ Pc-P3, the compressor operates according to the maximum refrigerating power P7, and the semiconductor ventilation module operates according to the cooling power Pg. Or the compressor is operated at a cooling power Ph and the semiconductor ventilation module is operated at a maximum cooling power P3. Or the compressor is operated at the maximum cooling power P7, the semiconductor heat exchange module increases the cooling power Pc. Or the compressor increases the cooling power Pc, and the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the maximum cooling power P3. Or the cooling power of the compressor is not changed, and the cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is increased by Pc. Or the cooling power of the compressor is increased by Pc, and the cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is unchanged. Or the cooling power of the compressor is increased by 0.5Pc, and the cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is increased by 0.5 Pc. Or the cooling power is increased according to the ratio of the maximum cooling power of the compressor and the maximum cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module respectively in proportion. And meanwhile, the opening degree of the second expansion valve is controlled to be increased, the rotating speed of the pump is controlled to be increased, and the rotating speed of the fan is controlled to be increased, so that the cooling power of the battery cooling branch is increased by Pc.
If P1 is more than P2, Pc is P1-P2, and P1+ P6+ Pc is more than P7+ P3, the compressor operates according to the maximum cooling power P5, meanwhile, the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the maximum cooling power P3, meanwhile, the rotating speed of the fan is increased, and the rotating speed of the pump is increased through the battery heat management heat exchange module, so that the heat exchange power is increased. At the moment, whether the temperature of the battery is higher than 45 ℃ is judged, if the temperature of the battery is higher than 45 ℃, cooling power is preferentially provided for cooling the battery, the compressor operates according to the maximum cooling power P7, the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the maximum cooling power P3, and meanwhile the rotating speed of the fan is increased. And increasing the opening degree of the second expansion valve to enable the cooling power of the battery cooling branch to be P1+ Pc, reducing the opening degree of the first expansion valve to enable the power of the in-vehicle cooling branch to be P7+ P3-P1-Pc, simultaneously controlling the rotating speed of the pump to be increased, increasing the rotating speed of the fan, and enabling the cooling power of the battery cooling branch to be increased by Pc. If the battery temperature is not higher than 45 ℃ and the temperature in the vehicle does not reach the set temperature, cooling power is preferentially provided for the vehicle, the compressor runs according to the maximum cooling power P7, the semiconductor heat exchange module runs according to the maximum cooling power P3, and meanwhile the rotating speed of the fan is increased. The opening degree of the first expansion valve is increased so that the cooling capacity of the in-vehicle cooling branch is P6, and the opening degree of the second expansion valve is decreased so that the cooling capacity of the battery cooling branch is P7+ P3-P6. If the temperature in the vehicle has reached the set temperature, the cooling power of the battery is preferentially satisfied.
And if P1 is less than or equal to P2 and Pc is P2-P1, keeping the refrigerating power of the compressor unchanged, keeping the refrigerating power of the semiconductor unchanged, or reducing the refrigerating power of the compressor, reducing the cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module, or reducing the opening degree of the second expansion valve, or reducing the rotating speed of the pump, so that the cooling power of the battery cooling branch circuit is reduced by Pc.
When the battery is heated, the required battery heating power is P1, the actual battery heating power is P2, P4 is the maximum heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module, and P5 is the maximum heating power of the PTC heater.
If P1 is less than or equal to P5, the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the heating power P1.
If P1 is greater than P5, P1 is not greater than P5+ P4, and P1-P5 are Pd, the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P5, meanwhile, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides heating power for the battery according to the heating power Pd, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and the rotating speed of the pump is increased by the battery heat management heat exchange module to increase the heat exchange power. If P1 is greater than P5, and P1 is greater than P5+ P4, the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P5, meanwhile, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P3, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and the rotating speed of the pump is increased through the battery heat management heat exchange module so that the heat exchange power is increased.
In the heating process, if P1 is not more than P2 and Pc is P2-P1, the heating power Pc of the semiconductor heat exchange module is reduced, the rotating speed of the fourth fan and the fifth fan is reduced, or the heating power of the PTC heater is reduced by Pc, and meanwhile, the rotating speed of the pump is reduced by the battery heat management heat exchange module, so that electric energy is saved. Or to keep the current heating power unchanged.
In the heating process, if P1 is more than P2, Pc is P1-P2, and P1+ Pc is less than or equal to P5, the PTC heater increases the heating power Pc, and the battery thermal management module controls the rotating speed of the pump to be increased so as to increase the heating power of the battery.
If P1 is more than P2, Pc is P1-P2, P5 is more than P1+ Pc and is less than or equal to P5+ P4, Pi is P1+ Pc-P5, Pj is P1+ Pc-P4, the PTC heater operates according to the maximum heating power P5, and the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the heating power Pi. Or the PTC heater operates according to the heating power Pj, and the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the maximum heating power P4. Or the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P5, and the semiconductor heat exchange module increases the heating power Pc. Or the heating power of the heater is not changed, and the heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is increased by Pc. Or the heating power of the heater is increased by Pc, and the heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is unchanged. Or the heating power of the PTC heater is increased by 0.5Pc, the heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is increased by 0.5Pc, or the heating power is increased according to the ratio of the maximum heating power of the PTC heater and the maximum heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module respectively in proportion. And meanwhile, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and meanwhile, the rotating speed of the pump is increased through the battery heat management heat exchange module, so that the heat exchange power is increased, and the battery heating power is increased by Pc.
If P1 is greater than P2, Pc is P1-P2, and P1+ Pc is greater than P5+ P4, the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P5, meanwhile, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P4, meanwhile, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and the rotating speed of the pump is increased through the battery heat management heat exchange module so that the heat exchange power is increased.
According to the temperature adjusting system of the vehicle-mounted battery, the heating power and the cooling power of the vehicle-mounted battery can be accurately controlled by the heating end according to the actual state of the vehicle-mounted battery, the temperature is adjusted when the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high or too low, the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained in a preset range, and the condition that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced by the temperature is avoided.
Fig. 13 is a flowchart of a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a third embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 10a-10b, the vehicle-mounted battery temperature regulation system includes a battery cooling branch, which includes a heat exchanger; the semiconductor heat exchange module is used for refrigerating the heat exchanger; a battery thermal management module connected to the battery and the heat exchanger; the vehicle-mounted air conditioner comprises a compressor and a condenser; an in-vehicle cooling branch connected with the compressor and the heat exchanger; as shown in fig. 13, the method includes the steps of:
S1’and acquiring the temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the obtaining the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery specifically includes: the method comprises the steps of obtaining a first parameter when the starting temperature of the battery is adjusted, and generating a first temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the first parameter. And acquiring a second parameter of the battery during temperature adjustment, and generating a second temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the second parameter. The temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery is generated based on the first temperature regulation required power of the battery and the second temperature regulation required power of the battery.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameters are an initial temperature and a target temperature when the battery is turned on and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the generating the first temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the first parameters specifically includes: a first temperature difference Delta T between an initial temperature and a target temperature is obtained1. According to the first temperature difference Delta T1And the target time t generates the first temperature regulation required power.
Still further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature regulation required power is generated by the following formula (1):
ΔT1*C*M/t， (1)
wherein, Delta T1Is a first temperature difference between an initial temperature and a target temperature, t is a target time, C is a specific heat capacity of the battery, and M is a mass of the battery.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the second parameter is an average current I of the battery cell in a preset time, and the second temperature regulation required power of the battery is generated by the following formula (2):
I2*R， (2)
wherein I is the average current and R is the internal resistance of the battery.
Wherein when cooling the battery, P1 is delta T1*C*M/t+I2R; when the battery is heated, P1 ═ Δ T1*C*M/t-I2*R。
S2’And acquiring the temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the obtaining the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of the battery specifically includes: the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the flow path for adjusting the battery temperature are acquired, and the flow velocity v of the medium flowing into the flow path is acquired. Generating a second temperature difference Δ T according to an inlet temperature and an outlet temperature of a flow path of the battery2. According to the second temperature difference Delta T of the battery2And the flow rate v generates a temperature regulated actual power P2.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 is further generated according to the following formula (3):
ΔT2*c*m， (3)
wherein, Delta T2And c is the specific heat capacity of the medium in the flow path, m is the mass of the medium flowing through the cross-sectional area of the flow path in unit time, wherein m is v ρ s, v is the flow velocity of the medium, ρ is the density of the medium, and s is the cross-sectional area of the flow path.
S3’And controlling the semiconductor heat exchange module and/or the vehicle-mounted air conditioner to regulate the temperature of the battery according to the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2.
Further, as shown in fig. 10a-10b, the semiconductor switch module has a heating terminal and a cooling terminal, and the heating terminal and the cooling terminal are switched when the power supply is reversed. And heat exchange fans (a fourth fan and a fifth fan) are respectively arranged on the heating end and the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module and used for accelerating the heat exchange between the heating end and the cooling end. The increase of the rotating speed of the heat exchange fan can increase the cooling/heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module. The power supply of the semiconductor heat exchange module is connected positively as shown in fig. 10a, and the power supply of the conductor heat exchange module is connected reversely as shown in fig. 10 b.
When the temperature of the battery is higher than 40 ℃, for example, the temperature regulating system of the vehicle-mounted battery enters a cooling mode, the battery heat management module and the semiconductor heat exchange module work, the semiconductor heat exchange module supplies power in the forward direction, the cooling end starts to refrigerate, cooling air is blown to the heat exchanger through the fourth fan to cool media in a cooling pipeline in the heat exchanger, the media cool the battery through the battery heat management module, and meanwhile, the fifth fan blows heat of the heating end to the outside of the vehicle.
When the temperature of the battery is too low, for example, lower than 0 ℃, the temperature regulating system of the vehicle-mounted battery enters a heating mode, the battery heat management module and the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 work, the semiconductor heat exchange module supplies power reversely, the semiconductor heating end starts to heat, and heating air is blown to the heat exchanger through the fourth fan so as to cool a medium in a cooling pipeline in the heat exchanger 3, the medium cools the battery through the battery heat management module, and meanwhile, the fifth fan blows cold air at the cooling end to the outside of the vehicle.
As shown in fig. 10a-10b, the on-board air conditioner constitutes a cooling branch. Wherein, for example, the refrigeration branch comprises a compressor and a condenser which are connected in series; the evaporator, the first expansion valve and the first electronic valve form an in-vehicle cooling branch; the heat exchanger, the second expansion valve, and the second electronic valve constitute a battery cooling branch 30.
The interior of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is divided into independent cooling branches from the condenser, namely an in-vehicle cooling branch and a battery cooling branch. The in-vehicle cooling branch mainly provides refrigeration power for the space in the carriage through the evaporator, and the battery cooling branch mainly provides refrigeration power for the battery through the heat exchanger. The cooling power of the battery cooling branch mainly has 2 sources, wherein one of the cooling power is that the refrigerant of the compressor flows into the heat exchanger 3 to provide the cooling power for the heat exchanger 3, and the other cooling power is that the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module blows cooling air to the heat exchanger through the fourth fan to provide the cooling power for the heat exchanger. And if the battery cooling function is not started, the semiconductor heat exchange module is not electrified. If the temperature of the battery is lower than 0 ℃, the temperature of the battery is too low at the moment, so that the battery is required to be heated in order to avoid the influence of low temperature on the performance of the battery, the temperature regulating system enters a heating mode, the heating is electrically controlled to be started, meanwhile, the second electronic valve is kept in a closed state, and the semiconductor heat exchange module supplies power reversely.
When the battery 4 is cooled or heated, the initial temperature (i.e., the current temperature), the target temperature, and the target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature are also obtained, where the target temperature and the target time t may be preset according to an actual situation, and the first temperature adjustment required power is calculated according to the formula (1). Meanwhile, the average current I of the battery in the preset time is obtained, and the second temperature regulation required power of the battery is calculated according to the formula (2). Then, the temperature regulation required power P1 (required power for regulating the temperature of the battery to the target temperature) of the battery is calculated based on the battery first temperature regulation required power and the second temperature regulation required power. Then, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the battery are obtained, and the flow rate information is obtained, and the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 of the battery is calculated according to the equation (3). The required temperature adjustment power P1 is the power required to be supplied to the battery, i.e., the temperature of the battery is adjusted to a set target temperature, and the actual battery temperature adjustment power P2 is the actual power obtained by the battery when the battery is currently temperature-adjusted, and the target temperature is a set value, and can be preset according to the actual situation of the vehicle-mounted battery, for example, when the battery is cooled, the target temperature can be set to about 35 ℃. And then, controlling the semiconductor heat exchange module and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner according to the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2. For example, if P1 is greater than P2, the semiconductor heat exchange module increases the cooling power and controls the fourth fan and the fifth fan to increase the rotation speed, so that the battery 4 is cooled down as soon as possible. Therefore, the temperature can be adjusted when the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high, the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained in a preset range, and the condition that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced by the temperature is avoided.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle-mounted battery may further include: acquiring the temperature of the battery; judging whether the temperature of the battery is greater than a first temperature threshold value or not; entering a cooling mode when the temperature of the battery is greater than a first temperature threshold; when the temperature of the battery is smaller than or equal to the first temperature threshold, continuously judging whether the temperature of the battery is smaller than a second temperature threshold; and entering a heating mode when the temperature of the battery is less than a second temperature threshold value, wherein the first temperature threshold value is greater than the second temperature threshold value.
Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the temperature of the battery is acquired in real time and is judged. If the temperature of the battery is higher than 40 ℃, the temperature of the battery is over high at the moment, in order to avoid the influence of the high temperature on the performance of the battery, the temperature of the battery needs to be reduced, and the temperature regulating system enters a cooling mode.
And if the temperature of the battery is lower than 0 ℃, the temperature of the battery 4 is too low at the moment, so that the battery needs to be heated in order to avoid the influence of low temperature on the performance of the battery, the temperature regulating system enters a heating mode, the heater is controlled to be started, and meanwhile, the cooling branch of the battery is kept in a closed state.
Further, as shown in fig. 10a-10b, when the cooling mode is selected, the controlling the semiconductor heat exchange module and/or the vehicle air conditioner to regulate the temperature of the battery according to the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2 specifically includes: judging whether the temperature regulation required power P1 is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2; if the temperature regulation required power P1 is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2, acquiring a power difference between the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2, and increasing the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module and/or the compressor according to the power difference; and if the temperature regulation required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature regulation actual power P2, reducing the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module and/or reducing the refrigerating power of the compressor, or keeping the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module and/or the compressor unchanged.
Specifically, when operating in the cooling mode, the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery are acquired, and determination is made. If the P1 of the battery is larger than the P2, the fact that the temperature of the battery cannot be reduced within the target time according to the current refrigerating power is shown, therefore, the power difference between the temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery and the temperature regulation actual power P2 is obtained, and the cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased according to the power difference, so that the temperature of the battery is reduced to the target temperature within the preset time t. And if the P1 is less than or equal to P2, the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the rotating speed of the fourth fan and the fifth fan can be reduced, and/or the cooling work power of the compressor can be reduced, so that the electric energy can be saved, or the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module and/or the power of the compressor can be kept unchanged. And when the temperature of the battery is lower than 35 ℃, the battery is cooled, and the semiconductor heat exchange module is controlled to stop refrigerating. If the temperature of the battery is still higher than 35 ℃ after the temperature adjusting system enters the cooling mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, the semiconductor heat exchange module appropriately increases the cooling power and the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan so as to cool the battery as soon as possible.
As shown in fig. 10a to 10b, when in the cooling mode, if the temperature-adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature-adjustment actual power P2, it is determined whether the temperature of the battery is greater than a first preset temperature threshold; if the temperature of the battery is greater than or equal to a first preset temperature threshold value, increasing the flow of the cooling liquid of the battery cooling branch, and reducing the flow of the cooling liquid of the cooling branch in the vehicle; when the temperature of the battery is smaller than a first preset temperature threshold value, further judging whether the temperature in the compartment reaches the set temperature of the air conditioner; and if the set temperature of the air conditioner is not reached, increasing the flow of the cooling liquid of the cooling branch in the vehicle, and reducing the flow of the cooling liquid of the battery cooling branch. Specifically, the flow rate of the cooling liquid of the in-vehicle cooling branch can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the first expansion valve, and the flow rate of the cooling liquid of the battery cooling branch can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the second expansion valve.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 12a-12b, the battery thermal management module further includes a heater connected to the controller for heating the medium in the heat exchange flow path, and when in the heating mode, the method may further include: judging whether the temperature regulation required power P1 is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2; if the temperature regulation required power P1 is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2, acquiring a power difference between the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2, and increasing the heating power for the heater according to the power difference; if the temperature-adjustment required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature-adjustment actual power P2, the heating power of the heater is kept unchanged.
Specifically, when operating in the heating mode, the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery are acquired, and determination is made. If the P1 of the battery is greater than the P2, it is explained that if the temperature rise of the battery cannot be completed within the target time in accordance with the current heating power, the power difference between the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery 4 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 is obtained, and the power of the heater is increased in accordance with the power difference, wherein the larger the power difference between P1 and P2 is, the more the power of the heater is increased so that the temperature of the battery is raised to the target temperature within the preset time t. And if P1 is less than or equal to P2, the heating power of the heater may be reduced to save electric power or the power of the heater may be kept constant. When the temperature of the battery reaches a second set temperature, for example, 10 ℃, the battery heating is completed, and the heater is controlled to stop heating. If the temperature of the battery remains below 10 c after the thermostat system enters the heating mode for a longer period of time, for example, 2 hours, the heater power is increased appropriately to allow the battery to finish warming as quickly as possible.
Further in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 10a-10b and 12a-12b, the battery thermal management module includes a pump, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, and a flow rate sensor disposed on the heat exchange flow path, the pump, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the flow rate sensor being connected to the controller; wherein: the pump is used for enabling the medium in the heat exchange flow path to flow; the first temperature sensor is used for detecting the inlet temperature of a medium flowing into the vehicle-mounted battery; the second temperature sensor is used for detecting the outlet temperature of the medium flowing out of the vehicle-mounted battery; the flow velocity sensor is used for detecting the flow velocity of the medium in the heat exchange flow path, and the method further comprises the following steps: if the temperature regulation required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature regulation actual power P2, reducing the rotation speed of the pump or keeping the rotation speed of the pump unchanged; if the temperature regulation demand power P1 is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2, the pump speed is increased.
Specifically, when the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode or the cooling mode, if P1 of the battery is less than or equal to P2, the rotation speed of the pump is controlled to be reduced to save electric power or to keep the rotation speed of the pump constant. And if the P1 of the battery is larger than the P2, the rotating speed of the pump can be controlled to be increased so as to increase the medium mass flowing through the cross-sectional area of the cooling flow path in unit time, so that the temperature of the battery is adjusted to the actual power P2, and the temperature is adjusted within the target time t.
According to the temperature adjusting method of the vehicle-mounted battery, the required power for adjusting the temperature of the battery is obtained, the actual power for adjusting the temperature of the battery is obtained, the semiconductor heat exchange module and/or the vehicle-mounted air conditioner are controlled to adjust according to the required power for adjusting the temperature and the actual power for adjusting the temperature, the temperature can be adjusted when the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high or too low, the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained in a preset range, and the situation that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced due to too high or too low temperature is avoided.
Furthermore, the invention proposes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, implements the temperature adjustment method described above.
The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of the embodiment of the invention acquires the required power for temperature adjustment of the battery, acquires the actual power for temperature adjustment of the battery, and controls the semiconductor heat exchange module and/or the vehicle-mounted air conditioner to adjust according to the required power for temperature adjustment and the actual power for temperature adjustment, so that the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery can be adjusted when the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high or too low, the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained in a preset range, and the condition that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced by too high or too low temperature is avoided.
Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a temperature adjustment system of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a ninth embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 14, the temperature adjustment system of the vehicle-mounted battery includes: the system comprises an on-board air conditioner 10, an in-board cooling branch 20, a battery cooling branch 30, a semiconductor heat exchange module 5, a battery thermal management module 1 and a controller (not specifically shown in the figure).
The vehicle-mounted air conditioner 10 is used for providing refrigeration power for the in-vehicle cooling branch 20 and the battery cooling branch 30, the battery cooling branch 30 is connected with the vehicle-mounted air conditioner 10, the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 is used for providing refrigeration power for the in-vehicle cooling branch 30 and the battery cooling branch 10, the battery heat management module 1 is connected between the battery cooling branch 30 and the battery 4, the controller is used for obtaining temperature regulation required power P1 and temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery, and the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 and the power of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner 10 are regulated according to the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery
Further, as shown in fig. 14, the vehicle-mounted battery temperature adjustment system further includes an air-conditioning air outlet and a first fan 501 provided at the air-conditioning air outlet. The in-vehicle air conditioner 10 includes a compressor 101, a battery cooling branch 30 includes a heat exchanger 3, an in-vehicle cooling branch 20 includes an evaporator 21, and a semiconductor heat exchange module 5 includes a cooling end and a heating end and fans (a fourth fan 504 and a fifth fan 505) connected to the heating end and the semiconductor cooling end. The cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 corresponds to the in-vehicle cooling branch 20.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 14, the vehicle air conditioner includes a compressor 101 slave condenser 12. The battery cooling branch 30 includes: a heat exchanger 3, a second expansion valve 31 and a second electrovalve 32. The in-vehicle cooling branch passage 20 includes: an evaporator 21, a first expansion valve 22, and a first electronic valve 23. The compressor 101 is divided into 2 separate cooling branches, an in-vehicle cooling branch 20 and a battery cooling branch 30, starting from the condenser 12. The first and second electronic valves 23 and 32 are used to control the opening and closing of the in-vehicle cooling branch 20 and the battery cooling branch 30, respectively. The first expansion valve 22 and the second expansion valve 31 may be respectively used to control the flow rates of the cooling medium in the in-vehicle cooling branch 20 and the battery cooling branch 30, so as to respectively control the cooling powers of the in-vehicle cooling branch 20 and the battery cooling branch 30.
The battery cooling branch is divided into 2 branch loops, one of the 2 branch loops is a vehicle-mounted air conditioner, a refrigerant of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner flows into the heat exchanger 3, and after a medium in the battery cooling pipeline flows through the heat exchanger 3, the temperature is reduced, so that the temperature of the battery is reduced. The other is a semiconductor heat exchange module and a compressor 101, air in the vehicle passes through a cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchanger, the temperature of the air is reduced, then cooling air is blown to an evaporator 21 through a fourth fan 504, the temperature of the evaporator 21 is reduced, meanwhile, a refrigerant of the compressor 101 flows into the evaporator 21, the air in the vehicle cooled by the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 flows through the evaporator 21, the temperature of the air is reduced again, then the cooling air is blown to the heat exchanger 3 and an air outlet of an air conditioner through a first fan 501, the temperature of the heat exchanger 3 is reduced, and the temperature of a battery is reduced. It can be understood that the air outlet of the air conditioner can be arranged corresponding to the compartment, so that the first fan 501 blows cooling air to the compartment, the temperature of air in the vehicle is reduced, and the semiconductor further enhances the cooling effect of the air conditioner on the interior of the vehicle.
The cooling power of the in-vehicle cooling branch 20 mainly has 2 sources, one is the semiconductor heat exchange module 5, and the other is the compressor 101. The refrigerant of the compressor 101 flows into the evaporator 21, and the temperature of the medium in the battery cooling pipeline is reduced after the medium flows through the heat exchanger 3, so that the temperature of the battery is reduced. The temperature of the air in the vehicle is reduced through the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchanger 5, then the fourth fan 504 blows cooling air to the evaporator 21, so that the temperature of the evaporator 21 is reduced, meanwhile, the refrigerant flows into the evaporator 21, the air in the vehicle cooled by the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 flows through the evaporator 21, so that the temperature of the air is reduced again, and then the cooling air is blown to the heat exchanger 3 through the first fan 501, so that the temperature of the heat exchanger 3 is reduced, and the temperature of the battery is reduced.
The refrigeration power of the battery is provided by the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and the semiconductor heat exchange module, the refrigeration capacity is shared by the battery and the refrigeration system in the vehicle, the size of the temperature regulation system and the distribution of the refrigeration capacity are more flexible, and the requirement on the cooling power in the carriage can be met, and the cooling requirement of the battery can also be met.
Of course, the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 may also provide heating power for the battery, when the battery is heated, the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 may be controlled to supply power reversely, the positions of the cooling end and the heating end are exchanged, and the first fan 501 may blow the power of the heating end to the heat exchanger to provide the heating power.
When the temperature of the battery 4 is adjusted, the controller also obtains the required power P1 for temperature adjustment and the actual power P2 for temperature adjustment of the battery in real time, where the required power P1 for temperature adjustment is to adjust the temperature of the battery to a set target temperature, which is the power required to be supplied to the battery 4, and the actual power P2 for temperature adjustment of the battery is the set value, which is the actual power obtained by the battery 4 when the temperature of the battery is currently adjusted, and the target temperature can be preset according to the actual condition of the vehicle-mounted battery, for example, when the battery is cooled, the target temperature can be set at about 35 ℃. Meanwhile, the controller adjusts the power of the vehicle air conditioner and/or the semiconductor heat exchange module according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, for example, when the battery is cooled, if P1 is greater than P2, the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 increases the cooling power and controls the rotating speeds of the fourth fan 504 and the fifth fan 505 to increase, so that the battery 4 is cooled as soon as possible. Therefore, the temperature can be adjusted when the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high, the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained within a preset range, the situation that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced due to the too high temperature is avoided, the refrigeration power of the battery is provided by the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and the semiconductor heat exchange module, the refrigeration power and the refrigeration system in the vehicle share the refrigeration capacity, the size of the temperature adjusting system and the distribution of the refrigeration capacity are more flexible, the requirement for cooling power in a carriage can be met, and the cooling requirement of the battery can be met.
As shown in fig. 14, the battery thermal management module includes a pump 12, a first temperature sensor 14, a second temperature sensor 15, and a flow rate sensor 16 provided on the heat exchange flow path; wherein: the pump 12 is used for making the medium in the heat exchange flow path flow; the first temperature sensor 14 is for detecting an inlet temperature of the medium flowing into the vehicle-mounted battery; the second temperature sensor 15 is for detecting the outlet temperature of the medium flowing out of the vehicle-mounted battery; the flow rate sensor 16 detects the flow rate of the medium in the heat exchange flow path.
Further, as shown in fig. 14, the battery thermal management module 1 may further include a medium container 13 disposed on the heat exchange flow path, where the medium container 13 is used for storing and supplying a medium to the heat exchange flow path.
How to obtain the temperature-regulation required power P1 and the temperature-regulation actual power P2 of the battery 4 is described below with reference to specific examples.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the controller may be configured to obtain a first parameter when the battery is turned on for temperature adjustment, and generate a first temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the first parameter, and obtain a second parameter when the battery is temperature-adjusted, and generate a second temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the second parameter, and generate a temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery according to the first temperature adjustment required power of the battery and the second temperature adjustment required power of the battery.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameter is an initial temperature and a target temperature at which temperature adjustment of the battery 4 is turned on and a target time T from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the first temperature difference Δ T between the initial temperature and the target temperature is obtained1And according to the first temperature difference DeltaT1And the target time t generates the first temperature regulation required power.
Further, the first temperature regulation required power is generated by the following formula (1):
ΔT1*C*M/t (1)，
wherein, Delta T1Is a first temperature difference between the initial temperature and the target temperature, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery 4, and M is the mass of the battery 4.
The second parameter is an average current I of the battery 4 in a preset time, and the battery thermal management module 1 generates a second temperature regulation required power according to the following formula (2):
I2*R， (2)，
where I is the average current and R is the internal resistance of the battery 4.
Specifically, the charge and discharge current parameters of the battery 4 may be detected by a current hall sensor and the battery manager may estimate the average current of the battery 4 based on the current parameters of the battery 4 over a period of time.
When cooling battery 4, P1 ═ Δ T1*C*M/t+I2R; when the battery 4 is heated, P1 ═ Δ T1*C*M/t-I2*R。
According to an embodiment of the invention, the controller is further based on an inlet temperature of the flow path of the batteryThe temperature and the outlet temperature generate a second temperature difference Δ T2And according to the second temperature difference DeltaT of the battery2And the flow velocity v of the medium in the flow path generates the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of the battery.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 is generated according to the following formula (3):
ΔT2*c*m， (3)
wherein, Delta T2And c is the specific heat capacity of the medium in the flow path, m is the mass of the medium flowing through the cross-sectional area of the flow path in unit time, wherein m is v ρ s, v is the flow velocity of the medium, ρ is the density of the medium, and s is the cross-sectional area of the flow path.
Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the battery manager judges whether the battery needs to be temperature-regulated according to the battery temperature, if the battery needs to be temperature-regulated, the battery manager sends information for starting a temperature regulation function to the vehicle-mounted air conditioner through the CAN communication, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner forwards the information to the battery thermal management controller, and the battery thermal management controller controls the pump 12 to start working at a default rotating speed (such as a low rotating speed).
Then, the battery thermal management controller obtains an initial temperature (i.e., a current temperature) of the battery 4, a target temperature, and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, where the target temperature and the target time t may be preset according to an actual situation, and calculates a first temperature adjustment required power of the battery 4 according to formula (1). Meanwhile, the battery thermal management controller obtains the average current I of the battery 4 in a preset time, and calculates a second temperature regulation required power of the battery 4 according to the formula (2). Then, the battery thermal management controller calculates a temperature regulation required power P1 (required power that regulates the temperature of the battery 4 to a target temperature within a target time) from the first temperature regulation required power and the second temperature regulation required power of the battery 4, where P1 is Δ T when the battery 4 is cooled1*C*M/t+I2R, when heating the battery 4, P1 ═ Δ T1*C*M/t-I2R. And the battery thermal management controller respectively acquires the detection of the first temperature sensor 14 and the second temperature sensor 15Temperature information is obtained, and the flow rate information detected by the flow rate sensor 16 is obtained, and the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 of the battery 4 is calculated according to the formula (3). Finally, the battery thermal management controller precisely controls the heating power/cooling power of the battery 4 by controlling the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 or the vehicle air conditioner or heater 11 according to P1, P2 of the battery 4.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller may be further configured to obtain a temperature of the battery, and determine whether the temperature of the battery is greater than a first temperature threshold or less than a second temperature threshold, wherein when the temperature of the battery is greater than the first temperature threshold, the cooling mode is entered; and entering a heating mode when the temperature of the battery is less than a second temperature threshold, wherein the first temperature threshold is greater than the second temperature threshold. The first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, for example, the first temperature threshold may be 40 ℃, and the second temperature threshold may be 0 ℃.
Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the battery manager acquires the temperature of the battery in real time and judges the temperature. If the temperature of the battery is higher than 40 ℃, the temperature of the battery 4 is over high at this time, and in order to avoid the influence of the high temperature on the performance of the battery 4, the temperature of the battery 4 needs to be reduced, the temperature regulating system enters a cooling mode, the second electronic valve 32 is controlled to be opened, and the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 works.
If the temperature of the battery 4 is lower than 0 ℃, which indicates that the temperature of the battery 4 is too low at this time, in order to avoid the influence of low temperature on the performance of the battery 4, the temperature of the battery 4 needs to be raised, the temperature regulation system enters a heating mode, the battery thermal management controller controls the heater 11 to be turned on, and meanwhile, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner 2 keeps the second electronic valve 32 in a closed state, and the medium flow direction is as follows: heat exchanger 3-heater 11 (on) -pump 12-first temperature sensor 14-battery 4-second temperature sensor-15-flow sensor 16-medium container 13-heat exchanger 3. The medium in the cooling pipe is heated by the heater 11 to perform heat exchange with the battery 4, thereby completing temperature adjustment of the battery.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in the cooling mode, the controller is further configured to obtain a power difference between the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 when the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, so that the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 increases the power according to the power difference, and reduce the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 and/or reduce the cooling power of the compressor when the temperature adjustment required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, so as to save the electric energy, or keep the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 and/or the compressor unchanged.
Specifically, when operating in the cooling mode, the controller acquires the temperature-adjustment required power P1 and the temperature-adjustment actual power P2 of the battery 4, and makes a judgment. If P1 of the battery 4 is greater than P2, it means that if the temperature of the battery 4 cannot be reduced within the target time according to the current cooling power, the controller increases the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 and the rotation speeds of the fourth fan 504 and the fifth fan 505 according to the power difference, so that the temperature of the battery 4 is reduced to the target temperature within the preset time t. And if the P1 is less than or equal to P2, the cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5, the rotating speed of the fourth fan 504 and the fifth fan 505, and the cooling power of the compressor can be reduced to save electric energy, or the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 and the compressor can be kept unchanged. When the temperature of the battery is lower than 35 ℃, the cooling of the battery 4 is completed, the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 is controlled to stop cooling, and the second electronic valve 32 is controlled to close. If the temperature of the battery 4 is still higher than 35 ℃ after the temperature adjusting system enters the cooling mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, the cooling power and the rotation speeds of the fourth fan 504 and the fifth fan 505 are increased appropriately, so that the temperature of the battery 4 is reduced as soon as possible.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 14, the battery thermal management module 1 may further include: and a heater 11 is arranged on the heat exchange flow path, and the heater 11 is used for heating the medium in the heat exchange flow path.
Specifically, the medium may be heated by a heater to perform temperature adjustment of the battery when the battery temperature is low. The heater can be a PTC heater, and the heater is not directly contacted with the battery, so that the safety, the reliability and the practicability are higher. The pump is primarily used to provide power, the media container is primarily used to store media and receive media for addition to the temperature regulation system, and the media in the media container can be automatically replenished as the media in the temperature regulation system decreases. The first temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the inlet medium of the battery flow path, and the second temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the outlet medium of the battery flow path. The flow rate sensor is used for detecting the flow rate information of the medium in the pipeline in the temperature regulating system.
As shown in fig. 14, when in the heating mode, the controller obtains a temperature difference between the temperature-adjustment required power P1 and the temperature-adjustment actual power P2 when the temperature-adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature-adjustment actual power P2, and increases the heating power of the heater 11 according to the temperature difference, and maintains the heating power of the heater 11 constant when the temperature-adjustment required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature-adjustment actual power P2.
Specifically, when operating in the heating mode, the controller acquires the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery 4, and makes a judgment. If P1 of the battery 4 is greater than P2, it is indicated that if the temperature rise of the battery 4 cannot be completed within the target time according to the current heating power, the power difference between the temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery 4 and the temperature regulation actual power P2 is obtained, and the power of the heater 11 and/or the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 is increased according to the power difference, so that the temperature of the battery 4 is raised to the target temperature within the preset time t. And if P1 is less than or equal to P2, the power of heater 11 and/or semiconductor heat exchange module 5 may be reduced to save electric power or the power of heater 11 and/or semiconductor heat exchange module 5 may be kept unchanged. When the temperature of the battery reaches a second set temperature, for example, 10 ℃, the heating of the battery 4 is completed, and the battery manager sends a message for turning off the temperature regulation function to the battery thermal management controller through the CAN communication to control the heater 11 to stop heating. If the temperature of the battery 4 remains below 10 c after the thermostat system enters the heating mode for a longer period of time, for example, 2 hours, the battery thermal management controller increases the power to the heater 11 appropriately to allow the battery 4 to finish warming as quickly as possible.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 14, the controller is also configured to decrease the rotation speed of the pump 12 or keep the rotation speed of the pump 12 constant when the temperature-adjustment required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature-adjustment actual power P2, and increase the rotation speed of the pump 12 when the temperature-adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature-adjustment actual power P2.
Specifically, when the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode or the cooling mode, if P1 of the battery 4 is less than or equal to P2, the controller controls the rotational speed of the pump 12 to be reduced to save electric power or to keep the rotational speed of the pump 12 constant. And if the P1 of the battery 4 is greater than the P2, in addition to increasing or increasing the power of the heater 11, the rotation speed of the pump 12 may be controlled to be increased to increase the mass of the medium flowing through the cross-sectional area of the cooling flow path per unit time, thereby increasing the temperature-adjusting actual power P2 of the battery 4 to achieve temperature adjustment within the target time t.
It can be understood that the on-board air conditioner can adjust the power distribution of each cooling branch according to the temperature condition of the compartment, the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, thereby balancing the cooling requirements of the cooling in the vehicle and the cooling of the battery.
When the cooling mode is adopted, if the temperature regulation required power P1 is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2, the controller also judges whether the temperature of the battery is greater than a first preset temperature threshold value; if the temperature of the battery is greater than or equal to a first preset temperature threshold value, the controller increases the flow of the cooling liquid of the battery cooling branch and decreases the flow of the cooling liquid of the cooling branch in the vehicle; if the temperature of the battery is smaller than a first preset temperature threshold value, the controller further judges whether the temperature in the carriage reaches the set temperature of the air conditioner, if the temperature in the carriage does not reach the set temperature of the air conditioner, the flow rate of the cooling liquid of the cooling branch in the vehicle is increased, and the flow rate of the cooling liquid of the cooling branch of the battery is reduced. The first preset temperature threshold may be 45 ℃. Specifically, the flow of the cooling liquid of the in-vehicle cooling branch can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the first expansion valve, and the flow of the cooling liquid of the battery cooling branch can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the second expansion valve.
To summarize, as in the system shown in fig. 14, the battery cooling power is the cooling power in the battery cooling branch 30 (provided by the compressor, controlled by the second expansion valve opening degree), and the in-vehicle cooling power is the cooling power in the in-vehicle cooling branch 20 (provided by the compressor, controlled by the first expansion valve opening degree).
1. When cooling the battery, battery cooling and in-vehicle cooling initial power distribution:
and setting the required battery cooling power as P1, the actual battery cooling power as P2, P3 as the maximum cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module, P6 as the in-vehicle cooling power, and P7 as the maximum cooling power of the compressor.
When the sum of the power of the battery cooling demand power P1 and the power of the vehicle interior cooling demand power P6 is less than or equal to P7, namely P1+ P6 is less than or equal to P7, the compressor operates according to the cooling power P1+ P6. And P1 < P7, P6 < P7. And at the same time, the opening degree of the first expansion valve is controlled so that the in-vehicle cooling power becomes P6. The opening degree of the first expansion valve is controlled so that the battery cooling power is P1.
When P7 is more than P1+ P6 and less than or equal to P7+ P3, Pe is P1+ P6-P7, Pf is P1+ P6-P3, the compressor operates according to the maximum refrigerating power P7, and the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the cooling power Pe. The cooling power of the battery cooling branch is P1, and the power of the in-vehicle cooling branch is P6. Alternatively, the semiconductor ventilation module is operated at a maximum cooling capacity P3 and the compressor is operated at a cooling capacity Pf. And at the same time, the opening degree of the first expansion valve is controlled so that the in-vehicle cooling power becomes P6. The opening degree of the first expansion valve is controlled so that the battery cooling power is P1.
When P1+ P6 is greater than P7+ P3, whether the temperature of the battery is greater than 45 ℃ is judged, if the temperature of the battery is greater than 45 ℃, cooling power is preferentially provided for cooling the battery, the compressor operates according to the maximum cooling power P7, the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the maximum cooling power P3, and meanwhile the rotating speed of the fan is increased. The opening degree of the second expansion valve is increased so that the cooling capacity of the battery cooling branch is P1, and the opening degree of the first expansion valve is decreased so that the in-vehicle cooling branch capacity becomes P7+ P3-P1. If the battery temperature is not higher than 45 ℃ and the temperature in the vehicle does not reach the set temperature, cooling power is preferentially provided for the vehicle, the compressor runs according to the maximum cooling power P7, the semiconductor heat exchange module runs according to the maximum cooling power P3, and meanwhile the rotating speed of the fan is increased. The opening degree of the first expansion valve is increased so that the cooling capacity of the in-vehicle cooling branch is P6, and the opening degree of the second expansion valve is decreased so that the cooling capacity of the battery cooling branch is P7+ P3-P6. If the temperature in the vehicle has reached the set temperature, the cooling power of the battery is preferentially satisfied.
Power distribution in the battery cooling process:
if P1 is more than P2, and Pc is P1-P2, P1+ P6+ Pc is less than P7, the compressor increases the cooling power Pc and increases the opening degree of the second expansion valve, and the rotating speed of the water pump is increased, so as to increase the cooling power of the battery.
If P1 is more than P2, Pc is P1-P2, P7 is more than P1+ P6+ Pc is less than or equal to P7+ P3, Pg is P1+ P6+ Pc-P7, and Ph is P1+ P6+ Pc-P3, the compressor operates according to the maximum refrigerating power P7, and the semiconductor ventilation module operates according to the cooling power Pg. Or the compressor is operated at a cooling power Ph and the semiconductor ventilation module is operated at a maximum cooling power P3. Or the compressor is operated at the maximum cooling power P7, the semiconductor heat exchange module increases the cooling power Pc. Or the compressor increases the cooling power Pc, and the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the maximum cooling power P3. Or the cooling power of the compressor is not changed, and the cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is increased by Pc. Or the cooling power of the compressor is increased by Pc, and the cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is unchanged. Or the cooling power of the compressor is increased by 0.5Pc, and the cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is increased by 0.5 Pc. Or the cooling power is increased according to the ratio of the maximum cooling power of the compressor and the maximum cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module respectively in proportion. And meanwhile, the opening degree of the second expansion valve is controlled to be increased, the rotating speed of the pump is controlled to be increased, and the rotating speed of the fan is controlled to be increased, so that the cooling power of the battery cooling branch is increased by Pc.
If P1 is more than P2, Pc is P1-P2, and P1+ P6+ Pc is more than P7+ P3, the compressor operates according to the maximum cooling power P5, meanwhile, the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the maximum cooling power P3, meanwhile, the rotating speed of the fan is increased, and the rotating speed of the pump is increased, so that the heat exchange power is increased. At the moment, whether the temperature of the battery is higher than 45 ℃ is judged, if the temperature of the battery is higher than 45 ℃, cooling power is preferentially provided for cooling the battery, the compressor operates according to the maximum cooling power P7, the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the maximum cooling power P3, and meanwhile the rotating speed of the fan is increased. And increasing the opening degree of the second expansion valve to enable the cooling power of the battery cooling branch to be P1+ Pc, reducing the opening degree of the first expansion valve to enable the power of the in-vehicle cooling branch to be P7+ P3-P1-Pc, simultaneously controlling the rotating speed of the pump to be increased, increasing the rotating speed of the fan, and enabling the cooling power of the battery cooling branch to be increased by Pc. If the battery temperature is not higher than 45 ℃ and the temperature in the vehicle does not reach the set temperature, cooling power is preferentially provided for the vehicle, the compressor runs according to the maximum cooling power P7, the semiconductor heat exchange module runs according to the maximum cooling power P3, and meanwhile the rotating speed of the fan is increased. The opening degree of the first expansion valve is increased so that the cooling capacity of the in-vehicle cooling branch is P6, and the opening degree of the second expansion valve is decreased so that the cooling capacity of the battery cooling branch is P7+ P3-P6. If the temperature in the vehicle has reached the set temperature, the cooling power of the battery is preferentially satisfied.
And if P1 is less than or equal to P2 and Pc is P2-P1, the refrigerating power of the compressor is kept unchanged, the refrigerating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is kept unchanged, or the refrigerating power of the compressor is reduced, the cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is reduced, or the opening degree of the second expansion valve is reduced, or the rotating speed of the pump is reduced, so that the cooling power of the battery cooling branch loop is reduced by Pc.
2. When the battery is heated, the required battery heating power is P1, the actual battery heating power is P2, P4 is the maximum heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module, and P5 is the maximum heating power of the PTC heater.
If P1 is less than or equal to P5, the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the heating power P1.
If P1 is greater than P5, P1 is not more than P5+ P4, and P1-P5 are Pd, the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P5, meanwhile, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides heating power for the battery according to the heating power Pd, and meanwhile, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and the rotating speed of the pump is increased, so that the heat exchange power is increased. If P1 is more than P5, and P1 is more than P5+ P4, the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P5, meanwhile, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P3, and meanwhile, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and the rotating speed of the pump is increased, so that the heat exchange power is increased.
In the heating process, if P1 is not more than P2 and Pc is P2-P1, the semiconductor heat exchange module reduces the heating power Pc and reduces the rotating speed of the fourth fan and the fifth fan, or the PTC heater reduces the heating power Pc and reduces the rotating speed of the pump at the same time, so as to save electric energy. Or to keep the current heating power unchanged.
In the heating process, if P1 is more than P2, Pc is P1-P2, and P1+ Pc is less than or equal to P5, the PTC heater increases the heating power Pc, and controls the rotating speed of the pump to increase so as to increase the heating power of the battery.
If P1 is more than P2, Pc is P1-P2, P5 is more than P1+ Pc and is less than or equal to P5+ P4, Pi is P1+ Pc-P5, Pj is P1+ Pc-P4, the PTC heater operates according to the maximum heating power P5, and the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the heating power Pi. Or the PTC heater operates according to the heating power Pj, and the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the maximum heating power P4. Or the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P5, and the semiconductor heat exchange module increases the heating power Pc. Or the heating power of the heater is not changed, and the heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is increased by Pc. Or the heating power of the heater is increased by Pc, and the heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is unchanged. Or the heating power of the PTC heater is increased by 0.5Pc, the heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is increased by 0.5Pc, or the heating power is increased according to the ratio of the maximum heating power of the PTC heater and the maximum heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module respectively in proportion. And meanwhile, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and the rotating speed of the pump is increased simultaneously to increase the heat exchange power, so that the heating power of the battery is increased by Pc.
If P1 is more than P2, Pc is P1-P2, and P1+ Pc is more than P5+ P4, the PTC heater provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P5, meanwhile, the semiconductor heat exchange module provides heating power for the battery according to the maximum heating power P4, meanwhile, the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased, and the rotating speed of the pump is increased so as to increase the heat exchange power.
Furthermore, as shown in fig. 15, the present invention also proposes a temperature adjustment system for a vehicle-mounted battery, which differs from the scheme shown in fig. 14 in that: the battery cooling branch 30 in fig. 15 provides cooling power for cooling the battery 4 mainly through the heat exchanger 3. And the semiconductor heat exchange module does not participate in the temperature regulation of the battery.
Fig. 16 shows still another on-board battery temperature adjustment system, in which a compressor 101 is divided into 2 independent cooling branches, an in-vehicle cooling branch 20 and a battery cooling branch 30, from a condenser. The in-vehicle cooling branch 20 mainly provides cooling power for the space in the vehicle compartment through the evaporator 21, and the battery cooling branch 30 mainly provides cooling power for battery cooling through the heat exchanger 3. The cooling power of the in-vehicle cooling branch mainly has 2 sources, one of the sources is the compressor 101, the refrigerant of the compressor 101 flows into the evaporator 21, the air in the vehicle flows through the evaporator 21 to reduce the temperature of the air, and then the air passes through the fourth fan 504 to blow cooling air to the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5, so that the temperature of the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5 is reduced; the other is a semiconductor heat exchange module 5, the temperature of the air in the vehicle is reduced after the air in the vehicle is cooled by an evaporator 21, the air in the vehicle passes through a cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 5, the temperature is reduced again, and then cooling air is blown into the vehicle to reduce the temperature of the air in the vehicle. The heating end dissipates heat by the fifth fan 505 and blows hot air out of the vehicle.
According to the temperature adjusting system of the vehicle-mounted battery provided by the embodiment of the invention, the temperature can be adjusted when the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained in a preset range, and the condition that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced by too high temperature is avoided.
Fig. 17 is a flowchart of a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle-mounted battery according to a fourth embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 14, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is configured to provide cooling power for the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch, the battery cooling branch is connected to the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, the battery heat management module is connected between the battery cooling branch and the battery, and the semiconductor heat exchange module is configured to provide cooling power for the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch. As shown in fig. 17, the method includes the steps of:
and S1', acquiring the temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the obtaining the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery specifically includes: the method comprises the steps of obtaining a first parameter when the starting temperature of the battery is adjusted, and generating a first temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the first parameter. And acquiring a second parameter of the battery during temperature adjustment, and generating a second temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the second parameter. The temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery is generated based on the first temperature regulation required power of the battery and the second temperature regulation required power of the battery.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameters are an initial temperature and a target temperature when the battery is turned on and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the generating the first temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the first parameters specifically includes: a first temperature difference Delta T between an initial temperature and a target temperature is obtained1. According to the first temperature difference Delta T1And the target time t generates the first temperature regulation required power.
Still further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature regulation required power is generated by the following formula (1):
ΔT1*C*M/t， (1)
wherein, Delta T1Is a first temperature difference between an initial temperature and a target temperature, t is a target time, C is a specific heat capacity of the battery, and M is a mass of the battery.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the second parameter is an average current I of the battery cell in a preset time, and the second temperature regulation required power of the battery is generated by the following formula (2):
I2*R， (2)
wherein I is the average current and R is the internal resistance of the battery.
Wherein when cooling the battery, P1 is delta T1*C*M/t+I2R; when the battery is heated, P1 ═ Δ T1*C*M/t-I2*R。
And S2', acquiring the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of the battery.
According to the inventionIn an embodiment, obtaining the actual power P2 for adjusting the temperature of the battery specifically includes: the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the flow path for adjusting the battery temperature are acquired, and the flow velocity v of the medium flowing into the flow path is acquired. Generating a second temperature difference Δ T according to an inlet temperature and an outlet temperature of a flow path of the battery2. According to the second temperature difference Delta T of the battery2And the flow rate v generates a temperature regulated actual power P2.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 is further generated according to the following formula (3):
ΔT2*c*m， (3)
wherein, Delta T2And c is the specific heat capacity of the medium in the flow path, m is the mass of the medium flowing through the cross-sectional area of the flow path in unit time, wherein m is v ρ s, v is the flow velocity of the medium, ρ is the density of the medium, and s is the cross-sectional area of the flow path.
And S3', adjusting the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module and/or the vehicle-mounted air conditioner according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2.
Further, as shown in fig. 14, the vehicle-mounted battery temperature adjustment system further includes an air-conditioning air outlet and a first fan provided at the air-conditioning air outlet.
Specifically, when the temperature of the battery is high, for example, higher than 40 ℃, the temperature regulation system of the vehicle-mounted battery enters a cooling mode, the battery thermal management module and the semiconductor heat exchange module are powered positively (fig. 14), and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner performs cooling operation. If the temperature of the battery is lower than 0 ℃, the temperature of the battery is too low at the moment, so that the battery is required to be heated in order to avoid the influence of low temperature on the performance of the battery, the temperature regulating system enters a heating mode to control the semiconductor heat exchange module to supply power reversely, the positions of the cooling end and the heating end are exchanged, and the first fan can blow the power of the heating end to the heat exchanger so as to provide heating power.
When the temperature of the battery is adjusted, the initial temperature (namely the current temperature), the target temperature and the target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature are also taken, wherein the target temperature and the target time t can be preset according to the actual situation, and the first temperature adjustment required power is calculated according to the formula (1). Meanwhile, the average current I of the battery in the preset time is obtained, and the second temperature regulation required power of the battery is calculated according to the formula (2). Then, the temperature regulation required power P1 (required power for regulating the temperature of the battery to the target temperature) of the battery is calculated based on the battery first temperature regulation required power and the second temperature regulation required power. Then, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the battery are obtained, and the flow rate information is obtained, and the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 of the battery is calculated according to the equation (3). The required temperature adjustment power P1 is the power required to be supplied to the battery, i.e., the temperature of the battery is adjusted to a set target temperature, and the actual battery temperature adjustment power P2 is the actual power obtained by the battery when the battery is currently temperature-adjusted, and the target temperature is a set value, and can be preset according to the actual situation of the vehicle-mounted battery, for example, when the battery is cooled, the target temperature can be set to about 35 ℃. And then, adjusting the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module and/or the vehicle-mounted air conditioner according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2. For example, when the battery is cooled, if the P1 is greater than the P2, the power cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module and/or the vehicle air conditioner is increased, and the rotation speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are controlled to be increased, so that the battery is cooled as soon as possible. Therefore, the temperature can be adjusted when the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high, the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained in a preset range, and the condition that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced by the temperature is avoided. And the refrigeration power of the battery thermal temperature regulation system is provided by the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and the semiconductor heat exchange module, the refrigeration power and the refrigeration system in the vehicle share the refrigeration capacity, the size of the temperature regulation system and the distribution of the refrigeration capacity are more flexible, and the requirements of the cooling power in the carriage and the cooling requirements of the battery can be met.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 14, a pump, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a flow rate sensor are provided on the heat exchange flow path; wherein: the pump is used for enabling the medium in the heat exchange flow path to flow; the first temperature sensor is used for detecting the inlet temperature of a medium flowing into the vehicle-mounted battery; the second temperature sensor is used for detecting the outlet temperature of the medium flowing out of the vehicle-mounted battery; the flow velocity sensor is used for detecting the flow velocity of the medium in the heat exchange flow path.
Further, as shown in fig. 14, the battery thermal management module may further include a medium container disposed on the heat exchange flow path, and the medium container is used for storing and supplying a medium to the heat exchange flow path.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature adjustment method may further include: acquiring the temperature of the battery, and judging whether the temperature of the battery is greater than a first temperature threshold value; entering a cooling mode when the temperature of the battery is greater than a first temperature threshold; when the temperature of the battery is smaller than or equal to the first temperature threshold, continuously judging whether the temperature of the battery is smaller than a second temperature threshold; entering a heating mode when the temperature of the battery is less than a second temperature threshold, wherein the first temperature threshold is greater than the second temperature threshold. The first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, for example, the first temperature threshold may be 40 ℃, and the second temperature threshold may be 0 ℃.
Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the temperature of the battery is acquired in real time and is judged. If the temperature of the battery is higher than 40 ℃, the temperature of the battery is over high at the moment, the battery needs to be cooled to avoid the influence of the high temperature on the performance of the battery, the temperature adjusting system enters a cooling mode to control the vehicle-mounted air conditioner to refrigerate, and the semiconductor heat exchange module supplies power positively.
And if the temperature of the battery is lower than 0 ℃, the temperature of the battery 4 is too low at the moment, so that the battery needs to be heated in order to avoid the influence of low temperature on the performance of the battery, and the temperature regulating system enters a heating mode to control the semiconductor heat exchange module to reversely supply power.
Further, when the cooling mode is adopted, the adjusting the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module and/or the vehicle-mounted air conditioner according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 specifically includes: judging whether the temperature regulation required power P1 is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2; if the temperature regulation required power P1 is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2, acquiring a power difference between the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2, and increasing the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module and/or the compressor according to the power difference; and if the temperature regulation required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature regulation actual power P2, reducing the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module and/or reducing the refrigerating power of the compressor, or keeping the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module and/or the compressor unchanged.
Specifically, when operating in the cooling mode, the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery are acquired, and determination is made. If the P1 of the battery is larger than the P2, the fact that the temperature of the battery cannot be reduced within the target time according to the current refrigerating power is shown, therefore, the power difference between the temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery and the temperature regulation actual power P2 is obtained, and the cooling power of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan are increased according to the power difference, so that the temperature of the battery is reduced to the target temperature within the preset time t. And if the P1 is less than or equal to P2, the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the rotating speed of the fourth fan and the fifth fan can be reduced, and/or the cooling work power of the compressor can be reduced, so that the electric energy can be saved, or the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module and/or the power of the compressor can be kept unchanged. And when the temperature of the battery is lower than 35 ℃, the battery is cooled, and the semiconductor heat exchange module is controlled to stop refrigerating. If the temperature of the battery is still higher than 35 ℃ after the temperature adjusting system enters the cooling mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, the semiconductor heat exchange module appropriately increases the cooling power and the rotating speeds of the fourth fan and the fifth fan so as to cool the battery as soon as possible.
As shown in fig. 14, when in the cooling mode, if the temperature-adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature-adjustment actual power P2, it is determined whether the temperature of the battery is greater than a first preset temperature threshold; if the temperature of the battery is greater than or equal to a first preset temperature threshold value, increasing the flow of the cooling liquid of the battery cooling branch, and reducing the flow of the cooling liquid of the cooling branch in the vehicle; when the temperature of the battery is smaller than a first preset temperature threshold value, further judging whether the temperature in the compartment reaches the set temperature of the air conditioner; and if the set temperature of the air conditioner is not reached, increasing the flow of the cooling liquid of the cooling branch in the vehicle, and reducing the flow of the cooling liquid of the battery cooling branch. Specifically, the flow rate of the cooling liquid of the in-vehicle cooling branch can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the first expansion valve, and the flow rate of the cooling liquid of the battery cooling branch can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the second expansion valve.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 14, the battery thermal management module further includes a heater connected to the controller for heating the medium in the heat exchange flow path, and when the heating mode is selected, the method may further include: judging whether the temperature regulation required power P1 is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2; if the temperature regulation required power P1 is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2, acquiring a power difference between the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2, and increasing the heating power for the heater and/or the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module according to the power difference; if the temperature regulation required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature regulation actual power P2, the heating power of the heater is kept unchanged, or the heating power of the heater and/or the semiconductor heat exchange module is reduced.
Specifically, when operating in the heating mode, the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery are acquired, and determination is made. If the P1 of the battery is greater than the P2, it is indicated that if the temperature rise of the battery cannot be completed within the target time according to the current heating power, the power difference between the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery 4 is obtained, and the power of the heater and/or the semiconductor heat exchange module is increased according to the power difference, so that the temperature of the battery is raised to the target temperature within the preset time t. And if P1 is less than or equal to P2, the heating power of the heater and/or the semiconductor heat exchange module can be reduced to save electric energy, or the power of the heater can be kept unchanged, or the power of the conductor heat exchange module can be kept unchanged. When the temperature of the battery reaches a second set temperature, for example, 10 ℃, the battery heating is completed, and the heater is controlled to stop heating. If the temperature of the battery remains below 10 c after the thermostat system enters the heating mode for a longer period of time, for example, 2 hours, the heater power is increased appropriately to allow the battery to finish warming as quickly as possible.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 14, the battery thermal management module includes a pump, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, and a flow rate sensor disposed on the heat exchange flow path, and the pump, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the flow rate sensor are connected to the controller; wherein: the pump is used for enabling the medium in the heat exchange flow path to flow; the first temperature sensor is used for detecting the inlet temperature of a medium flowing into the vehicle-mounted battery; the second temperature sensor is used for detecting the outlet temperature of the medium flowing out of the vehicle-mounted battery; the flow velocity sensor is used for detecting the flow velocity of the medium in the heat exchange flow path, and the method further comprises the following steps: if the temperature regulation required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature regulation actual power P2, reducing the rotation speed of the pump or keeping the rotation speed of the pump unchanged; if the temperature regulation demand power P1 is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2, the pump speed is increased.
Specifically, when the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode or the cooling mode, if P1 of the battery is less than or equal to P2, the rotation speed of the pump is controlled to be reduced to save electric power or to keep the rotation speed of the pump constant. And if the P1 of the battery is larger than the P2, besides controlling the semiconductor heat exchange module to increase or controlling the power of the heater, the rotating speed of the pump can be controlled to be increased so as to increase the mass of the medium flowing through the cross section area of the cooling flow path in unit time, and therefore the temperature of the battery is adjusted to the actual power P2, and the temperature is adjusted within the target time t.
According to the temperature adjusting method of the vehicle-mounted battery, the heating power and the cooling power of each battery can be accurately controlled according to the actual state of each battery, the temperature is adjusted when the temperature of the battery is too high or too low, the temperature of the battery is maintained in a preset range, and the condition that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced by the temperature is avoided.
Furthermore, the invention proposes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, implements the temperature adjustment method described above.
The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of the embodiment of the invention can obtain the required power for temperature regulation and the actual power for temperature regulation of the battery, and then regulate the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module and/or the vehicle-mounted air conditioner according to the required power for temperature regulation and the actual power for temperature regulation so as to regulate the temperature when the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained in a preset range, and the condition that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced by the too high temperature is avoided.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (22)

1. A temperature adjustment system of a vehicle-mounted battery, characterized by comprising:
a heat exchanger;
the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is provided with an air conditioner air outlet, a first air duct is formed between the air conditioner air outlet and the heat exchanger, a first fan is arranged in the first air duct, and the first fan and the heat exchanger are arranged correspondingly;
a second air channel is formed between the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the first fan, and a third air channel is formed between the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the carriage;
the battery heat management module is connected with the heat exchanger to form a heat exchange flow path;
the controller is connected with the semiconductor heat exchange module, the battery heat management module and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and used for obtaining temperature regulation required power and temperature regulation actual power of the battery, wherein the temperature regulation required power is power which needs to be provided for the battery when the temperature of the battery is regulated to a target temperature within a target time, the temperature regulation actual power is power which is actually obtained by the battery when the temperature of the battery is regulated, and at least one of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and the semiconductor heat exchange module is controlled to work according to the temperature regulation required power and the temperature regulation actual power so as to regulate the temperature of the battery, wherein:
the controlling at least one of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and the semiconductor heat exchange module to work according to the temperature regulation required power and the temperature regulation actual power specifically comprises the following steps of: and when the power required for temperature regulation is judged to be larger than the actual power for temperature regulation, increasing the power of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and/or the semiconductor heat exchange module.
2. The vehicle-mounted battery temperature regulation system according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle-mounted air conditioner includes a first regulation valve provided in the first air duct.
3. The temperature adjustment system of the vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 1,
and a fourth air channel is formed between the air-conditioning air outlet and the carriage, and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner further comprises a second regulating valve and a second fan which are arranged in the fourth air channel.
4. The temperature regulation system of a vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 1, wherein the semiconductor heat exchange module further comprises a third fan and a third regulating valve which are provided in the second air duct and correspond to the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module.
5. The vehicle-mounted battery temperature regulation system according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle-mounted air conditioner exchanges heat with the heat exchanger through the air conditioner outlet and a first air duct.
6. The vehicle-mounted battery temperature regulation system according to claim 5, wherein the vehicle-mounted air conditioner exchanges heat with the vehicle compartment through the air conditioner outlet and a fourth air duct.
7. The temperature adjustment system of a vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 1, wherein the semiconductor heat exchange module exchanges heat with the heat exchanger through a second air duct and a first fan.
8. The vehicle-mounted battery temperature regulation system according to claim 1, wherein the semiconductor heat exchange module exchanges heat with the vehicle compartment through a third air duct.
9. The temperature regulating system of the vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 1, wherein after the vehicle-mounted air conditioner exchanges heat with the semiconductor heat exchange module through the air conditioner outlet and the second air duct, the semiconductor heat exchange module exchanges heat with the vehicle compartment through a third air duct.
10. The temperature regulating system of the vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 3, wherein after the vehicle-mounted air conditioner exchanges heat with the semiconductor heat exchange module through the air conditioner air outlet, the fourth air duct, the compartment and the third air duct, the semiconductor heat exchange module exchanges heat with the heat exchanger through the second air duct and the first fan.
11. The temperature regulation system of a vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle-mounted air conditioner exchanges heat with the heat exchanger through the air conditioner outlet and a first air duct, and the semiconductor heat exchange module exchanges heat with the heat exchanger through a second air duct and a first fan.
12. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising a battery state detection module electrically connected to the controller, the battery state detection module being configured to detect a current of the on-vehicle battery.
13. The vehicle-mounted battery temperature regulation system according to claim 1, wherein the battery thermal management module includes a pump, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, and a flow rate sensor provided on the heat exchange flow path, the pump, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the flow rate sensor being connected to the controller; wherein:
the pump is used for enabling the medium in the heat exchange flow path to flow;
the first temperature sensor is used for detecting the inlet temperature of the medium flowing into the vehicle-mounted battery;
the second temperature sensor is used for detecting the outlet temperature of the medium flowing out of the vehicle-mounted battery;
the flow velocity sensor is used for detecting the flow velocity of the medium in the heat exchange flow path.
14. The vehicle battery temperature regulation system of claim 13, wherein the battery thermal management module further comprises a media container disposed on the heat exchange flow path, the media container being configured to store and supply media to the heat exchange flow path.
15. The vehicle battery thermostat system of claim 13, wherein said battery thermal management module further comprises a heater connected to said controller for heating the medium in said heat exchange flow path.
16. A method for adjusting a temperature of a vehicle-mounted battery, characterized in that a temperature adjustment system of the vehicle-mounted battery includes: a heat exchanger; the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is provided with an air conditioner air outlet, a first air duct is formed between the air conditioner air outlet and the heat exchanger, a first fan is arranged in the first air duct, and the first fan and the heat exchanger are arranged correspondingly; a second air channel is formed between the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the first fan, and a third air channel is formed between the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the carriage; the battery heat management module is connected with the heat exchanger to form a heat exchange flow path; the controller is connected with the semiconductor heat exchange module, the battery heat management module and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, and the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring temperature regulation required power of the battery, wherein the temperature regulation required power is power required to be provided for the battery when the temperature of the battery is regulated to a target temperature within a target time;
acquiring actual temperature regulation power of the battery, wherein the required temperature regulation power is power required to be supplied to the battery when the temperature of the battery is regulated to a target temperature within a target time;
controlling at least one of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and the semiconductor heat exchange module to work according to the temperature regulation required power and the temperature regulation actual power so as to regulate the temperature of the battery, wherein:
the controlling at least one of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and the semiconductor heat exchange module to work according to the temperature regulation required power and the temperature regulation actual power specifically comprises the following steps of: and when the power required for temperature regulation is judged to be larger than the actual power for temperature regulation, increasing the power of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and/or the semiconductor heat exchange module.
17. The method for adjusting the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 16, further comprising:
detecting the temperature of the battery, and judging whether the temperature of the battery is greater than a first temperature threshold value;
entering a cooling mode when the temperature of the battery is greater than a first temperature threshold;
when the temperature of the battery is smaller than or equal to a first temperature threshold value, continuously judging whether the temperature of the battery is smaller than a second temperature threshold value;
entering a heating mode when the temperature of the battery is less than a second temperature threshold, wherein the first temperature threshold is greater than the second temperature threshold.
18. The method of adjusting the temperature of a vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 17, wherein the vehicle-mounted air conditioner includes a first adjusting valve provided in the first air duct and a first fan corresponding to the heat exchanger, and when in a cooling mode, the method further comprises:
judging whether the temperature regulation required power is larger than the temperature regulation actual power;
if the required power for temperature adjustment is larger than the actual power for temperature adjustment, acquiring a power difference between the required power for temperature adjustment and the actual power for temperature adjustment, and increasing the refrigeration power of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, or increasing the opening degree of the first adjusting valve, or increasing the rotation speed of the first fan according to the power difference;
if the required power for temperature regulation is smaller than or equal to the actual power for temperature regulation, the refrigerating power of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is reduced, or the opening degree of the first regulating valve is reduced, or the rotating speed of the first fan is reduced, or the refrigerating power of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and the opening degree of the first regulating valve are kept, or the refrigerating power of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, the opening degree of the first regulating valve and the rotating speed of the first fan are kept unchanged.
19. The method for adjusting the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 18, wherein a fourth air duct is formed between the air outlet of the air conditioner and the vehicle compartment, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner includes a second regulating valve and a second fan that are provided in the fourth air duct, and the method further includes:
acquiring the temperature of a carriage;
and adjusting the opening degrees of the first adjusting valve and the second adjusting valve according to the temperature of the compartment, the temperature adjustment required power and the temperature adjustment actual power.
20. The method of adjusting the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 19, wherein the adjusting the opening degrees of the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve in accordance with the cabin temperature, the temperature-adjustment required power, and the temperature-adjustment actual power includes:
judging whether the temperature regulation required power is smaller than the temperature regulation actual power;
if the temperature regulation required power is smaller than the temperature regulation actual power, judging whether the temperature of the battery is larger than a first preset temperature threshold value or not;
and if the temperature of the battery is greater than a first preset temperature threshold value, reducing the opening degree of the second regulating valve and increasing the opening degree of the first regulating valve.
21. The method of adjusting the temperature of a vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 20, wherein the adjusting the opening degrees of the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve according to the cabin temperature, the temperature-adjustment required power, and the temperature-adjustment actual power, further comprises:
if the temperature of the battery is smaller than the first preset temperature threshold value, further judging whether the temperature in the compartment reaches the set temperature of the air conditioner;
if the set temperature of the air conditioner is not reached, increasing the opening degree of the second regulating valve and reducing the opening degree of the first regulating valve;
and if the set temperature of the air conditioner is reached, reducing the opening degree of the second regulating valve and increasing the opening degree of the first regulating valve.
22. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the program, when executed by a processor, implements the temperature adjustment method of the in-vehicle battery according to any one of claims 16 to 21.
CN201710923036.0A 2017-09-30 2017-09-30 Temperature regulation system and method for vehicle-mounted battery Active CN109599616B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101304106A (en) * 2008-06-20 2008-11-12 重庆大学 Heat radiation system of nickel-hydrogen battery set for hybrid power vehicle
CN103311597A (en) * 2012-03-09 2013-09-18 株式会社日立制作所 Battery system and temperature control method therefor
WO2017033412A1 (en) * 2015-08-27 2017-03-02 三洋電機株式会社 Battery system and electric vehicle equipped with same battery system

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101304106A (en) * 2008-06-20 2008-11-12 重庆大学 Heat radiation system of nickel-hydrogen battery set for hybrid power vehicle
CN103311597A (en) * 2012-03-09 2013-09-18 株式会社日立制作所 Battery system and temperature control method therefor
WO2017033412A1 (en) * 2015-08-27 2017-03-02 三洋電機株式会社 Battery system and electric vehicle equipped with same battery system

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