CN109577999B - Shield machine middle wind shaft reinforcing structure capable of preventing side wall deformation and shield machine planting head and construction method - Google Patents
Shield machine middle wind shaft reinforcing structure capable of preventing side wall deformation and shield machine planting head and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109577999B CN109577999B CN201811615149.5A CN201811615149A CN109577999B CN 109577999 B CN109577999 B CN 109577999B CN 201811615149 A CN201811615149 A CN 201811615149A CN 109577999 B CN109577999 B CN 109577999B
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- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 208
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 208
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013102 re-test Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0607—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a shield machine middle wind well reinforcing structure for preventing side wall deformation and shield machine planting head and a construction method thereof. The concrete construction of the reinforcing structure is as follows: the method comprises the steps of burying a first steel plate and a second steel plate on a handrail column and a bottom longitudinal beam of each shield inlet end in advance in the construction process of a main structure of the wind tunnel, installing inclined supports, correspondingly welding steel support brackets on side walls of the inlet ends and the outlet ends of two shield holes, erecting a steel support which is assembled in advance, pre-adding 500KN axial force on the steel support, constructing guide tables with the diameter of a circle formed by two inner inclined planes being larger than the outer diameter of a shield machine in the range of a track area of the wind tunnel, backfilling coarse sand and broken stone between the guide tables, and backfilling to a common backfilling area in the wind tunnel to ensure the soil pressure balance in the tunneling process of the shield. The invention can ensure that the shield tunneling machine does not generate deformation and displacement in the process of entering the tunnel portal and can accelerate the speed of the shield tunneling; the whole structure is simple and convenient to construct and low in cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction by a shield method, in particular to a shield machine middle wind well reinforcing structure for preventing side wall deformation and shield machine planting head and a construction method.
Background
At present, a shield machine becomes a special construction machine for subway construction, and the risks of the shield are mainly concentrated in an originating stage, a receiving stage and an intermediate wind shaft stage of the shield. The process of passing through the middle wind well of the shield machine is equivalent to the process of reaching, translating and starting again once. According to the past backfill station experience, the shield machine passes through the middle air shaft, a water-soil balance method is generally adopted, and through additionally arranging an inner support in the air shaft finished structure and backfilling plastic modified soil to be above the ground water level, the pressure balance of water and soil at the inner side and the outer side of the structure is achieved, and the pressure maintenance of a soil bin of the shield machine is facilitated. Because the main structure of the wind shaft is not completely finished, only the floor and the side wall are not constructed, a closed stress system cannot be formed, when the shield machine enters the wind shaft, the side wall is deformed at great risk due to large thrust and torque of the shield machine, and once the side wall is deformed, immeasurable loss can be caused.
Meanwhile, in the process that the shield machine passes through the air shaft, the proportion of backfill materials is unreasonable, the compactness does not meet the requirement, the shield machine is easy to generate the risk of head planting when passing through the air shaft, once the phenomenon of head planting occurs, the air shaft has limited structural size, and readjustment is very difficult; because the structural space of the wind shaft is limited, mechanical equipment cannot work, and the backfill materials in the subsequent structure are particularly difficult to clean; therefore, when the shield machine passes through, necessary deformation prevention measures are adopted, and the post backfill concrete is adopted as a shield machine building guide table according to design requirements, so that the method plays a vital role in whether the shield machine can pass through the air shaft smoothly.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the defect of the prior art, the invention provides the shield machine middle wind well reinforcing structure for preventing the side wall from deforming and the shield machine from planting the head and the construction method.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the shield machine of preventing side wall deformation and shield machine planting head passes through middle wind shaft reinforced structure, its characterized in that: the reinforcing structure comprises an inclined support arranged on the inner side wall of the middle wind-driven well structure near the shield entrance, a steel support arranged between the shield entrance and the shield exit, left and right guide tables arranged on the track area of the middle wind-driven well structure, broken stone between the two guide tables, a medium coarse sand backfill layer and a common backfill layer above the guide tables in the wind-driven well; a first steel plate is pre-embedded on an arm supporting column of a side wall of a hole of the middle wind-driven shaft structure, a second steel plate is pre-embedded on a bottom longitudinal beam of the middle wind-driven shaft structure, one end of the inclined support is welded on the first steel plate, and the other end of the inclined support is welded on the second steel plate of the bottom longitudinal beam on the same side; two steel supports are respectively arranged at the upper parts of two sides of a shield entrance, steel support brackets are correspondingly welded at the upper parts of the entrance side wall and the exit side wall of the middle wind shaft structure, and two ends of the steel supports are respectively arranged on the two steel support brackets at the corresponding sides; the inclined plane between the left guide table and the right guide table is a circular section larger than the outer diameter of the shield tunneling machine, and the heights of the broken stone and medium coarse sand backfill layer are consistent with the heights of the left guide table and the right guide table.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the steel support bracket is welded in the hole entering side wall or the hole exiting side wall through the embedded steel plate, a plurality of anchor bars are welded on the back surfaces of the embedded steel plate, the first steel plate and the second steel plate of the steel support bracket, and the anchor bars on the back surfaces of the steel support bracket are welded with the main bars in the embedded wall body in the embedding process; and a round hole is formed in the center of the second steel plate.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the steel support brackets are welded in the area outside the edge of the opening, and each steel support bracket consists of a vertical steel plate embedded in the wall body, a horizontal steel plate welded at the lower part of the vertical steel plate in a horizontal mode and an inclined support steel plate connected between the two steel plates.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the inclined supports are H-shaped steel, two inclined supports are arranged and are parallel to each other, and an inclined angle a between each inclined support and a bottom longitudinal beam of the middle wind well structure is 45-60 degrees; and two first steel plates corresponding to the hole entering side wall arm supporting column embedded in the middle wind shaft structure and two second steel plates corresponding to the bottom longitudinal beam embedded in the middle wind shaft structure are respectively arranged.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the diameter of a circle formed by the left guide table and the right guide table is 300-400 mm larger than the outer diameter of the shield machine, the inclined surfaces of the two guide tables are tangential planes of the circle which is 300-400 mm larger than the outer diameter of the shield machine, and the included angle between the two tangential points and the connecting line of the circle center is 60 degrees.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the broken stone and the medium coarse sand backfill layer between the left guide table and the right guide table are backfilled by mixing the medium coarse sand and the broken stone according to the mass ratio of 1:1, and the particle size of the broken stone is 200-300 mm; the common backfill layer above the guide table is formed by directly backfilling improved dregs in shield tunneling, and the backfill height is 2m above the water level.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the diameter of each steel support is 600-800 mm, and the axial force of 500KN is pre-added through an axial force meter arranged between the steel support and the embedded vertical steel plates of the steel support bracket.
The invention provides a construction method for preventing side wall deformation and shield machine head planting of a shield machine from crossing a middle wind well reinforcing structure, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) A first steel plate and a second steel plate are buried in advance on a cantilever column and a bottom longitudinal beam at the entrance end of each shield according to a pre-designed position in the construction process of the main structure of the wind shaft, and steel support brackets are correspondingly welded on the side walls at the entrance end and the exit end of two shield holes; the back surfaces of the embedded steel plate, the first steel plate and the second steel plate of the steel support bracket are welded with a plurality of anchor bars, and the anchor bars on the back surfaces of the embedded steel plate are welded with main bars in the embedded wall body in the embedded process;
(2) A pre-processed H-shaped steel inclined support is erected between the arm support column and the bottom longitudinal beam, retesting is carried out before erection, the accurate inclined support position is ensured, the inclined included angle a between the inclined support and the bottom longitudinal beam is 45-60 degrees, two inclined supports are arranged and are parallel to each other, the upper end of each inclined support is welded with a first steel plate pre-buried on the arm support column, the lower end of each inclined support is welded with a second steel plate pre-buried on the bottom longitudinal beam, the two ends of each inclined support and the pre-buried steel plate are required to be fully welded, the welding seam is full, and backfill is carried out after the welding seam is qualified; the inclined support adopts H-shaped steel;
(3) Erecting pre-assembled steel supports between two side walls of the air shaft entering and exiting the tunnel portal, pre-adding 500KN axial force on the erected steel supports, and detecting in real time in the process of entering the tunnel portal of the shield machine;
(4) Setting out in the range of the track area of the wind shaft, accurately setting out the range of the contour of the guide table, drilling a vertical template, setting the height of the template according to the post backfill height specified in the design drawing, pouring post backfill concrete with the required mark in the design drawing, pouring in layers, vibrating and compacting according to the requirement in the pouring process;
(5) Re-testing is carried out after the template is removed, so that the diameter of a circle formed by the two guide tables is ensured to be larger than the range of 300-400 mm of the outer diameter of the shield machine, meanwhile, the removal of the template fixing ribs is noted, and the template fixing ribs are prevented from clamping the screw machine in the shield pushing process;
(6) Uniformly mixing medium coarse sand and crushed stone with the grain diameter of 200-300 mm on the ground according to the ratio of 1:1, and feeding the mixture into a backfill area between two guide tables through a hopper, paving and flattening the mixture, wherein the backfill height is equal to the height of the guide tables;
(7) And finally, backfilling the improved dregs in the shield tunneling to a common backfill area in the wind well, wherein the backfill height is 2 meters above the water level line, so that the soil pressure balance in the shield tunneling process is ensured, and the construction process that the shield machine passes through the middle wind well reinforcing structure is completed.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: the center position of the second steel plate pre-buried on the bottom longitudinal beam in the step (1) is provided with a round hole with the diameter of 100-150 mm, the positions of the vibrating holes and the main ribs are reserved when the second steel plate is pre-buried, and after the second steel plate is well-arranged, the vibrating rod can be inserted into the concrete to be poured for vibrating compaction.
The invention has the preferable technical scheme that: in the step (3), an axial force meter is arranged between the steel support and the steel support bracket, and the displacement change of the side wall is detected in real time through the axial force meter in the process of entering the tunnel portal of the shield machine, the tunneling is stopped immediately when abnormality is found, the tunneling can be continued after corresponding measures are taken, and a second guarantee is provided for the side wall not to deform and displace under the thrust action of the shield machine.
The device for preventing the side wall from deforming and the construction method of the shield tunneling machine planting head comprise two steel plates which are respectively buried on the hole entering side wall supporting arm columns on the two bottom longitudinal beams of the main body structure, and are characterized in that: the size of the embedded steel plate is 700 x 1000 x 20mm, the bottom of the steel plate is provided with anchor bars with the diameter of 25mm, 24 anchor bars are uniformly distributed on the side of 1000mm in 3 rows, the anchor depth is 300mm, and the anchor bars are welded with the main bars; each steel sheet piece is buried underground to advance hole side wall door both sides, its characterized in that: the size of the embedded steel plate is 1000 x 1200 x 20mm, the bottom of the steel plate is provided with an anchor bar with the diameter of 25mm, the anchoring depth is 300mm, and the steel plate is welded with the main bar; the bottom of the steel plate is provided with 32 anchor bars with the diameter of 25mm, the edges of 1200mm are uniformly distributed in 3 rows, and the anchor depth is 300mm and is welded with the main bars; steel support between two side walls of business turn over portal, its characterized in that: the diameter of the steel support is 800mm, and the pre-applied axial force is 500KN; h-shaped steel erected between bottom longitudinal beam and arm supporting column is characterized in that: 400mm H-shaped steel is welded on a steel plate with a pre-buried side sill and a cantilever pillar, full welding is required, and welding seams are full; the guide table in the track area range is characterized in that: the inclined planes of guide tables at two sides of the track area are tangential planes of circles 400mm larger than the outer diameter of the shield machine, the included angle between the connecting lines of the two tangential points and the circle center is 60 degrees, the height is the height of post plain concrete backfill in the design drawing, and the concrete marks are marks required in the design drawing; the intermediate gravel and medium coarse sand backfill area of the two guide tables is characterized in that: the diameter of a circle formed by the guide tables at the two sides is 400mm larger than the outer diameter of the shield tunneling machine, the backfill materials are coarse sand and broken stone in backfill according to the ratio of 1:1, and the particle size of the broken stone is 200-300 mm; the backfill height is the guide table height; the common backfill area above the guide table is characterized in that: the improved slag soil in the shield tunneling can be backfilled to a common backfill area in the wind well, the backfill height is 2 meters above the water level, and the soil pressure balance in the shield tunneling process is ensured;
the invention has the preferable technical scheme that: a pre-buried steel plate with the thickness of 700 mm or 1000mm is arranged on the bottom longitudinal beam, and a round hole with the thickness of 100mm is formed in the center of the steel plate, so that a vibrating rod can be inserted when the bottom longitudinal beam is poured, and the concrete vibration compaction of the bottom longitudinal beam is ensured;
the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) The anchor bars are welded on the embedded steel plates, can be anchored in the wall and welded with the main bars, so that the side wall is fully ensured not to deform and displace under the thrust action of the shield machine;
(2) The steel supports are erected between the two side walls of the entering and exiting tunnel portal, the 500KN axial force is pre-added on the erected steel supports, the axial force meter is enhanced to detect the axial force change and the side wall displacement change at any time during the entering of the tunnel portal of the shield machine, the axial force meter is used for detecting the side wall displacement change in real time during the entering of the tunnel portal of the shield machine, the tunneling is stopped immediately when abnormality is found, the tunneling can be continued after corresponding measures are taken, and a second guarantee is provided for the side wall not to deform and displace under the thrust action of the shield machine;
(3) The guide table height and the materials used in the method are the heights and the materials required by the design drawing, so that the working procedures of chiseling and cleaning the shield machine in the later period of the wind well are reduced, and the cost is saved; the diameter of a circle formed by the guide tables at the two sides is 300-400 mm larger than the outer diameter of the shield tunneling machine, and the proper adjustment of shield parameters in the shield tunneling process can be ensured on the premise of ensuring the smooth passing of the shield tunneling machine;
(4) The backfill material between the two guide tables is medium coarse sand and broken stone in a ratio of 1:1, the medium coarse sand fills gaps between the broken stone, the compactness of the backfill material is ensured, and meanwhile, the backfill material is convenient to clean perhaps;
(5) According to the invention, the round hole is formed in the center of the steel plate pre-buried at the bottom, so that the positions of the vibrating holes and the main ribs are reserved when the steel plate is pre-buried, the vibrating rod can be conveniently inserted when the bottom longitudinal beam is poured, and the concrete vibration compaction of the bottom longitudinal beam is ensured;
the invention adopts two-to-guarantee measures to ensure that deformation and displacement are not generated in the process of entering the tunnel portal of the shield machine, materials and heights used for constructing the guide tables are according to the requirement of secondary backfill in the design drawing, the working procedures of chiseling and cleaning the shield machine after passing through the wind shaft are reduced, and meanwhile, the backfill materials between the two guide tables provide convenience for subsequent cleaning. The backfill areas 1, 2 and 3 are improved dregs of the shield, so that the cost of backfill materials can be saved, and the speed of shield tunneling can be increased. The construction method is simple, the cost is low, and the method is safe and easy to implement in the whole station passing process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of AA in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of BB in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a steel support plane between two side walls of a tunnel portal;
FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic structural views of a steel support bracket;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a first steel plate pre-embedded on the armrests;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a second steel plate pre-buried in the side sill;
fig. 9 is a top view of fig. 7 and 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a guide table;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a backfill section effect.
In the figure: 1-a first steel plate, 2-a second steel plate, 3-a steel support bracket, 3-1-a vertical steel plate, 3-2-a horizontal steel plate, 3-a diagonal support steel plate, 4-a steel support, 5-a diagonal support, 6-a shield entrance, 7-a shield exit, 8-a support arm column, 9-a bottom longitudinal beam, 10-a side wall of a hole entrance end, 11-a side wall of a hole exit end, 12-anchor bars, 13-an inner side wall of an intermediate wind shaft structure, 14-a broken stone and medium coarse sand backfill layer, 15, 16-a left guide table, a right guide table, 17-a common backfill area, 18-a water line and 19-a shield area.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples. The shield machine passing middle wind shaft reinforcing structure for preventing side wall deformation and shield machine planting head as shown in fig. 1 to 4, 10 and 11 is characterized in that: the reinforcing structure comprises an inclined support 5 arranged on the inner side wall 13 of the middle wind shaft structure near the shield entrance 6, a steel support 4 arranged between the shield entrance 6 and the shield exit 7, left and right guide tables 15 and 16 arranged in the track area of the middle wind shaft structure, broken stone and medium coarse sand backfill layer 14 between the guide tables and a common backfill layer 17 above the guide tables in the wind shaft. As shown in fig. 2, a first steel plate 2 is pre-embedded on a hole entering side wall arm supporting column 8 of the middle wind shaft structure, a second steel plate 1 is pre-embedded on a bottom longitudinal beam 9 of the middle wind shaft structure, one end of an inclined support 5 is welded on the first steel plate 2, the other end of the inclined support is welded on the second steel plate 2 of the bottom longitudinal beam 9 on the same side, and a round hole 1-1 is formed in the center position of the second steel plate 2; the inclined supports 5 are H-shaped steel, two inclined supports 5 are parallel to each other, and an inclined angle a between each inclined support 5 and a bottom longitudinal beam 9 of the middle wind shaft structure is 45-60 degrees; and two first steel plates 1 corresponding to the hole entering side wall arm supporting column 8 embedded in the middle wind shaft structure and two second steel plates 2 corresponding to the bottom longitudinal beam 9 embedded in the middle wind shaft structure are respectively arranged.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, two steel supports 4 are arranged in each shield zone, the diameter of each steel support 4 is 600-800 mm, and steel support brackets 3 are correspondingly welded at the upper parts of a hole entering side wall 10 and a hole exiting side wall 11 of the middle wind shaft structure; as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the steel support brackets 3 are welded in the area outside the edge of the hole, each steel support bracket 3 is composed of a vertical steel plate 3-1 pre-buried in the wall, a horizontal steel plate 3-2 horizontally welded at the lower part of the vertical steel plate 3-1 and an inclined support steel plate 3-3 connected between the two steel plates, the steel support brackets 3 are welded in the hole-entering side wall 10 or the hole-exiting side wall 11 through the pre-buried steel plates, two ends of the steel support 4 are respectively arranged on the two steel support brackets 3 at the corresponding sides, and the axial force of 500KN is pre-added through an axial force meter arranged between the steel support 4 and the pre-buried vertical steel plate 3-1 of the steel support bracket 3.
As shown in fig. 7 to 8, a plurality of anchor bars 12 are welded on the back surfaces of the embedded steel plate, the first steel plate 1 and the second steel plate 2 of the steel support bracket 3, and are welded with the main bars in the embedded wall body through the anchor bars 3-4 on the back surfaces thereof in the embedding process.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the inclined plane between the left guide table 15 and the right guide table 16 is a tangential plane 300 mm-400 mm larger than the outer diameter of the shield machine, the inclined plane of the two guide tables is a tangential plane of a circle 300 mm-400 mm larger than the outer diameter of the shield machine, and the included angle between the two tangential points and the connecting line of the circle center is 60 degrees; the height of the crushed stone and medium coarse sand backfill layer 14 is consistent with the height of the left guide table 15 and the right guide table 16, the crushed stone and medium coarse sand backfill layer 14 is formed by mixing and backfilling medium coarse sand and crushed stone according to the mass ratio of 1:1, and the particle size of the crushed stone is 200-300 mm; the common backfill layer 17 above the guide table is formed by directly backfilling improved dregs in shield tunneling, and the backfill height is 2m above the water level.
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples. Aiming at a construction project, the shield is constructed through a middle wind shaft reinforcing structure, a wind shaft main body is provided with two shield channels, the supporting structures of the two shield channels are the same, a first steel plate 1 and a second steel plate 2 which are pre-buried are steel plates with the size of 700 x 1000 x 20mm, the bottoms of the steel plates are provided with anchor bars with the diameter of 25mm, 24 sides with the diameter of 1000mm are uniformly arranged in 3 rows, and the anchor depth is 300mm and is welded with a main bar; a round hole with the diameter of 100mm is reserved in the center position of the second steel plate 2, so that a vibrating rod can be conveniently inserted when the bottom longitudinal beam is poured, and the concrete vibration compaction of the bottom longitudinal beam is guaranteed. The embedded steel plate 3-1 in the steel support bracket 3 adopts a steel plate with the size of 1000 x 1200 x 20mm, 32 anchor bars with the diameter of 25mm are welded on the back surface of the steel plate, the anchoring depth is 300mm, and the edges with 1200mm are evenly distributed in 3 rows and welded with the main bars; the diameter of the steel support is 800mm, and the pre-applied axial force is 500KN; the H-shaped steel inclined support 5 is welded by adopting H-shaped steel with the size of 400mm, and the welding part of the H-shaped steel inclined support is required to be fully welded, so that the welding seam is full.
The concrete steps of the shield machine for preventing the side wall from deforming and the shield machine from planting heads passing through the middle wind well reinforcing structure are as follows:
(1) A first steel plate and a second steel plate are buried in advance on a cantilever column and a bottom longitudinal beam at the entrance end of each shield according to a pre-designed position in the construction process of the main structure of the wind shaft, and steel support brackets are correspondingly welded on the side walls at the entrance end and the exit end of two shield holes; the back surfaces of the embedded steel plate, the first steel plate and the second steel plate of the steel support bracket are welded with a plurality of anchor bars, and the anchor bars on the back surfaces of the embedded steel plate are welded with main bars in the embedded wall body in the embedded process; a round hole with the diameter of 100-150 mm is formed in the center position of a second steel plate pre-buried on the bottom longitudinal beam, the positions of the vibrating holes and the main ribs are reserved when the second steel plate is pre-buried, and after the second steel plate is well-fitted, a vibrating rod can be inserted into the concrete to be poured for vibrating compaction;
(2) A pre-processed H-shaped steel inclined support is erected between the arm support column and the bottom longitudinal beam, retesting is carried out before erection, the accurate inclined support position is ensured, the inclined included angle a between the inclined support and the bottom longitudinal beam is 45-60 degrees, two inclined supports are arranged and are parallel to each other, the upper end of each inclined support is welded with a first steel plate pre-buried on the arm support column, the lower end of each inclined support is welded with a second steel plate pre-buried on the bottom longitudinal beam, the two ends of each inclined support and the pre-buried steel plate are required to be fully welded, the welding seam is full, and backfill is carried out after the welding seam is qualified; the inclined support adopts H-shaped steel;
(3) Erecting pre-assembled steel supports between two side walls of the air shaft entering and exiting the tunnel portal, pre-adding 500KN axial force on the erected steel supports, and detecting in real time in the process of entering the tunnel portal of the shield machine; the steel supports are 800mm in diameter, two shield areas are arranged in each shield area, and the two shield areas are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper part of a shield hole; an axial force meter is arranged between the steel support and the steel support bracket, and the displacement change of the side wall is detected in real time through the axial force meter in the process of entering the tunnel portal of the shield machine, the tunneling is stopped immediately when abnormality is found, the tunneling can be continued after corresponding measures are taken, and a second guarantee is provided for the side wall not to deform and displace under the thrust action of the shield machine;
(4) Setting out in the range of the wind-driven well track area, accurately setting out the range of the guide table profile, drilling a vertical template, paying attention to the exposed length of a template fixing rib, setting the height of the template according to the post backfill height specified in a design drawing, pouring post backfill concrete with required labels in the design drawing, pouring in layers, vibrating and compacting according to the requirements in the pouring process;
(5) Re-testing is carried out after the template is removed, so that the diameter of a circle formed by the two guide tables is ensured to be larger than the range of 300-400 mm of the outer diameter of the shield machine, meanwhile, the removal of the template fixing ribs is noted, and the template fixing ribs are prevented from clamping the screw machine in the shield pushing process;
(6) Uniformly mixing medium coarse sand and crushed stone with the grain diameter of 200-300 mm on the ground according to the ratio of 1:1, and feeding the mixture into a backfill area between two guide tables through a hopper, paving and flattening the mixture, wherein the backfill height is equal to the height of the guide tables;
(7) And finally, backfilling the improved dregs in the shield tunneling to a common backfill area in the wind well, wherein the backfill height is 2 meters above the water level line, so that the soil pressure balance in the shield tunneling process is ensured, and the construction process that the shield machine passes through the middle wind well reinforcing structure is completed.
The H-shaped steel inclined support 5 is fully welded with the pre-buried steel plates pre-buried on the bottom longitudinal beam and the arm supporting column, and is a first protection plate for ensuring that the side wall is not deformed and displaced; the steel support 4 with the diameter of 800mm and the pre-added 500KN is erected between the two side walls of the entering and exiting tunnel portal, the monitoring is enhanced in the process of pushing the shield reinforcement into the tunnel portal, the pushing is stopped immediately when abnormality is found in the monitoring, and the second guarantee is a controllable effective measure for ensuring that the side walls are not deformed; the H-shaped steel 5 and the steel support 4 jointly act to effectively ensure that the side wall does not deform under the thrust action of the shield tunneling machine; and a steel ring for entering the tunnel is pre-buried in the side wall of the tunnel portal, the inner diameter of the steel ring is larger than the outer diameter of the shield machine, and the diameter of a circle formed by the two guide tables is smaller than the outer diameter of the shield machine.
The foregoing description is only one embodiment of the invention, which represents only one example of the invention, and is thus not to be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be assessed as that of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a shield constructs machine of preventing side wall deformation and shield machine and crosses middle wind shaft reinforced structure of head of planting which characterized in that: the reinforcing structure comprises an inclined support (5) arranged on an inner side wall (13) of the middle wind-driven well structure and close to a shield entrance (6), a steel support (4) arranged between the shield entrance (6) and an exit (7), left and right guide tables (15, 16) arranged on a track area of the middle wind-driven well structure, broken stone and medium coarse sand backfill layers (14) between the guide tables and a common backfill layer (17) above the guide tables in the wind-driven well; a first steel plate (1) is pre-buried on an arm supporting column (8) of a hole entering side wall of the middle wind shaft structure, a second steel plate (2) is pre-buried on a bottom longitudinal beam (9) of the middle wind shaft structure, one end of an inclined support (5) is welded on the first steel plate (1), and the other end is welded on the second steel plate (2) of the bottom longitudinal beam (9) on the same side; two steel supports (4) are respectively arranged at the upper parts of two sides of a shield inlet opening (6), steel support brackets (3) are correspondingly welded at the upper parts of an inlet side wall (10) and an outlet side wall (11) of the middle wind shaft structure, and two ends of the steel supports (4) are respectively arranged on the two steel support brackets (3) at the corresponding sides; the inclined plane between the left guide table (15) and the right guide table (16) is a circular section larger than the outer diameter of the shield tunneling machine, and the heights of the broken stone and medium coarse sand backfill layer (14) are consistent with the heights of the left guide table (15) and the right guide table (16).
2. The shield machine through middle wind shaft reinforcing structure for preventing side wall deformation and shield machine planting head according to claim 1, wherein the structure is characterized in that: the steel support bracket (3) is welded in the hole entering side wall (10) or the hole exiting side wall (11) through an embedded steel plate, a plurality of anchor bars (12) are welded on the back surfaces of the embedded steel plate, the first steel plate (1) and the second steel plate (2) of the steel support bracket (3), and the anchor bars (12) on the back surfaces of the steel support bracket are welded with main bars in the embedded wall in the embedding process; a round hole (1-1) is arranged at the center of the second steel plate (2).
3. The shield machine through middle wind shaft reinforcing structure for preventing side wall deformation and shield machine planting head according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the structure is characterized in that: the steel support brackets (3) are welded in the area outside the edge of the hole, and each steel support bracket (3) is composed of a vertical steel plate (3-1) pre-buried in the wall body, a horizontal steel plate (3-2) horizontally welded at the lower part of the vertical steel plate (3-1) and an inclined support steel plate (3-3) connected between the two steel plates.
4. The shield machine through middle wind shaft reinforcing structure for preventing side wall deformation and shield machine planting head according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the structure is characterized in that: the inclined supports (5) are H-shaped steel, two inclined supports (5) are parallel to each other, and an inclined angle a between each inclined support (5) and a bottom longitudinal beam (9) of the middle wind shaft structure is 45-60 degrees; and two first steel plates (1) corresponding to the hole entering side wall arm supporting column (8) embedded in the middle wind shaft structure and two second steel plates (2) corresponding to the bottom longitudinal beam (9) embedded in the middle wind shaft structure are respectively arranged.
5. The shield machine through middle wind shaft reinforcing structure for preventing side wall deformation and shield machine planting head according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the structure is characterized in that: the diameter of a circle formed by the left guide table (15) and the right guide table (16) is 300-400 mm larger than the outer diameter of the shield machine, the inclined surfaces of the two guide tables are tangential surfaces of the circle which is 300-400 mm larger than the outer diameter of the shield machine, and the included angle between the two tangential points and the connecting line of the circle center is 60 degrees.
6. The shield machine through middle wind shaft reinforcing structure for preventing side wall deformation and shield machine planting head according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the structure is characterized in that: the broken stone and medium coarse sand backfill layer (14) between the left guide table (15) and the right guide table (16) is formed by mixing and backfilling the medium coarse sand and the broken stone according to the mass ratio of 1:1, and the particle size of the broken stone is 200-300 mm; the common backfill layer (17) above the guide table is formed by directly backfilling improved dregs in shield tunneling, and the backfill height is 2m above the water level line (18).
7. The shield machine through middle wind shaft reinforcing structure for preventing side wall deformation and shield machine planting head according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the structure is characterized in that: the diameter of each steel support (4) is 600-800 mm, and the axial force of 500KN is pre-added through an axial force meter arranged between the steel support (4) and the embedded vertical steel plate (3-1) of the steel support bracket (3).
8. A construction method for preventing side wall deformation and shield machine head planting of the shield machine through a middle wind shaft reinforcing structure according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) A first steel plate and a second steel plate are buried in advance on a cantilever column and a bottom longitudinal beam at the entrance end of each shield according to a pre-designed position in the construction process of the main structure of the wind shaft, and steel support brackets are correspondingly welded on the side walls at the entrance end and the exit end of two shield holes; the back surfaces of the embedded steel plate, the first steel plate and the second steel plate of the steel support bracket are welded with a plurality of anchor bars, and the anchor bars on the back surfaces of the embedded steel plate are welded with main bars in the embedded wall body in the embedded process;
(2) A pre-processed H-shaped steel inclined support is erected between the arm support column and the bottom longitudinal beam, retesting is carried out before erection, the accurate inclined support position is ensured, the inclined included angle a between the inclined support and the bottom longitudinal beam is 45-60 degrees, two inclined supports are arranged and are parallel to each other, the upper end of each inclined support is welded with a first steel plate pre-buried on the arm support column, the lower end of each inclined support is welded with a second steel plate pre-buried on the bottom longitudinal beam, the two ends of each inclined support and the pre-buried steel plate are required to be fully welded, the welding seam is full, and backfill is carried out after the welding seam is qualified;
(3) Erecting pre-assembled steel supports between two side walls of the air shaft entering and exiting the tunnel portal, pre-adding 500KN axial force on the erected steel supports, and detecting in real time in the process of entering the tunnel portal of the shield machine;
(4) Setting out in the range of the track area of the wind shaft, accurately setting out the range of the contour of the guide table, drilling a vertical template, setting the height of the template according to the post backfill height specified in the design drawing, pouring post backfill concrete with the required mark in the design drawing, pouring in layers, vibrating and compacting according to the requirement in the pouring process;
(5) Re-testing is carried out after the template is removed, so that the diameter of a circle formed by the two guide platforms is ensured to be larger than the range of 300 mm-400 mm of the outer diameter of the shield machine;
(6) Uniformly mixing medium coarse sand and crushed stone with the grain diameter of 200-300 mm on the ground according to the ratio of 1:1, and feeding the mixture into a backfill area between two guide tables through a hopper, paving and flattening the mixture, wherein the backfill height is equal to the height of the guide tables;
(7) And finally, backfilling the improved dregs in the shield tunneling to a common backfill area in the air shaft, wherein the backfill height is 2 meters above the water level line, and completing the construction process of the shield machine passing through the middle air shaft reinforcing structure.
9. The construction method for preventing side wall deformation and shield machine head planting of the shield machine through the middle wind well reinforcing structure, which is disclosed by claim 8, is characterized in that: the center position of the second steel plate pre-buried on the bottom longitudinal beam in the step (1) is provided with a round hole with the diameter of 100-150 mm, the positions of the vibrating holes and the main ribs are reserved when the second steel plate is pre-buried, and after the second steel plate is well-arranged, the vibrating rod can be inserted into the concrete to be poured for vibrating compaction.
10. The construction method for preventing side wall deformation and shield machine head planting of the shield machine through the middle wind well reinforcing structure, which is disclosed by claim 8, is characterized in that: in the step (3), an axial force meter is arranged between the steel support and the steel support bracket, and the displacement change of the side wall is detected in real time through the axial force meter in the process of entering the tunnel portal of the shield tunneling machine, and tunneling can be continued after corresponding measures are taken after the tunneling is stopped immediately when abnormality is found.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811615149.5A CN109577999B (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2018-12-27 | Shield machine middle wind shaft reinforcing structure capable of preventing side wall deformation and shield machine planting head and construction method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811615149.5A CN109577999B (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2018-12-27 | Shield machine middle wind shaft reinforcing structure capable of preventing side wall deformation and shield machine planting head and construction method |
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| CN111156011B (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2025-02-11 | 中铁四局集团第四工程有限公司 | An improved device for preventing shield steel sleeve from deformation |
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| US4496268A (en) * | 1983-03-01 | 1985-01-29 | Finic, B.V. | Method and apparatus for constructing reinforced concrete walls in the earth |
| CN102094650A (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2011-06-15 | 上海市基础工程有限公司 | Construction method for shield holing under complicated working conditions |
| CN105386770A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-09 | 中国建筑第六工程局有限公司 | Backfill crossing method for shield tunneling machine passing through middle air shaft |
| CN106522989A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-03-22 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Air shaft structure and shield excavation parallel construction method |
| CN108625866A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-09 | 淮安市中球盾构技术服务有限公司 | Shield machine based on steel bushing device crosses ventilating shaft method |
| CN209444333U (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-09-27 | 中铁十一局集团城市轨道工程有限公司 | Shield machine excessively intermediate ventilating shaft when side-proof wall deformation support construction |
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- 2018-12-27 CN CN201811615149.5A patent/CN109577999B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4496268A (en) * | 1983-03-01 | 1985-01-29 | Finic, B.V. | Method and apparatus for constructing reinforced concrete walls in the earth |
| CN102094650A (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2011-06-15 | 上海市基础工程有限公司 | Construction method for shield holing under complicated working conditions |
| CN105386770A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-09 | 中国建筑第六工程局有限公司 | Backfill crossing method for shield tunneling machine passing through middle air shaft |
| CN106522989A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-03-22 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Air shaft structure and shield excavation parallel construction method |
| CN108625866A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-09 | 淮安市中球盾构技术服务有限公司 | Shield machine based on steel bushing device crosses ventilating shaft method |
| CN209444333U (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-09-27 | 中铁十一局集团城市轨道工程有限公司 | Shield machine excessively intermediate ventilating shaft when side-proof wall deformation support construction |
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