CN109566281A - A kind of alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods - Google Patents
A kind of alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109566281A CN109566281A CN201811560717.6A CN201811560717A CN109566281A CN 109566281 A CN109566281 A CN 109566281A CN 201811560717 A CN201811560717 A CN 201811560717A CN 109566281 A CN109566281 A CN 109566281A
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- Prior art keywords
- alfalfa
- implantation methods
- irrigation
- water
- sowing
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- Pending
Links
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 235000017585 alfalfa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 235000017587 alfalfa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 241000219823 Medicago Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000000576 supplementary Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000048246 Gallicrex cinerea Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000000218 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003608 Feces Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000589180 Rhizobium Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000219793 Trifolium Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 101710031899 moon Proteins 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003079 width control Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000001484 Trigonella foenum graecum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005216 Trigonella foenum-graecum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000001019 trigonella foenum-graecum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/06—Watering arrangements making use of perforated pipe-lines located in the soil
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods, turn over including seed selection with the selection for handling, sowing ground, sowing, basal dressing, sowing, progress weeding, Fertigation, artificial supplementary irrigation, the field management of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, maturity period gather in time in irrigation growth period.Alfalfa is planted using inventive pipeline border irrigation technology, has emergence rate, live seedling rate high, weeds and pest and disease damage are few, the advantage that per mu yield is high and alfalfa quality is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the planting technology field of alfalfa, especially a kind of alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods.
Background technique
Pipeline border irrigation, which refers to, erects ridge in field, and field is divided into many long and narrow plot or embanked field, and water is from aqueduct
It is directly put into furrow by water cock, water flow is moved forward in furrow with sheet flow, is seeped in stream, is soaked soil layer.
Its root thickness of alfalfa are strong, go deep into soil layer, and rootstock is flourishing.Stem is upright, grows thickly so that lie down, four prismatics, it is hairless or
It is micro- by pubescence, branches and leaves are luxuriant.Seed is oval, 1-2.5 millimeters long, smoothly, yellow or brown.The month at florescence 5-7, the fruiting period 6-8 month.It is purple
Russian fenugreek herb is one of high quality forage famous in the world, and not only grass yield is high, herbaceous stem is excellent for it, but also rich in thick protein, dimension
Raw element and inorganic salts, are fond of, feeding value is very high by poultry, fowl and herbivorous fishes.Simultaneously as Growth of Alfalfa year
Limit for length is not required to second ploughing every year, is particularly suitable for the method for border irrigation plantation.
Therefore, it is necessary to propose a kind of alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods, reach in irrigating water quality in limited use
The purpose of middle production high yield and high quality herbage.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are exactly to be in view of the deficiency of the prior art, to provide a kind of
Alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods, including
Following steps:
1) seed selection and processing: I grades of seeds as defined in country or provincial grass seed standard are selected, to be basked seeds 2-3 days before sowing；
2) selection on sowing ground: embanked field, embanked field specification arrangement are as follows: the long 60-70m of furrow, the wide 1.6-2.2m of furrow, furrow slope are selected in sowing ground
0.35%-0.38%, Manning Roughness 0.15；
3) it turns over to sowing: turning over 25cm to sowing, dry field 7 days after rake is thin, then 15cm is shallowly turned over, harrow thin rear leveling；
4) basal dressing: the time 7 days before turning over, applies well-rotted farmyard manure 1700-1800kg per acre；
5) it sows: using drilling, line-spacing 20-22cm；
6) it irrigates: underground is embedded to using pipeline water delivery, pipeline；
7) weeding, the field management of Fertigation, artificial supplementary irrigation, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out in growth period；
8) maturity period gathers in time.
In above-mentioned alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods step, the selection on ground is sowed, is broadcast in the soil for never planting clover
Kind when, to be inoculated with rhizobium melioti, 6.0 grams of microbial inoculums of every kilogram of seed are made bacterium solution and are sprinkled upon on seed, are sufficiently stirred, with mixing
With broadcasting；When without microbial inoculum, mixed with old alfalfa ground soil with seed, ratio 1.8:1.
In above-mentioned alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods step, the pvc pipe of φ 110 is selected in the water-main road of pipeline water delivery
Road is embedded to underground 30cm or less.
In above-mentioned alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods step, water-main road is adjustable by the unburied tube of φ 63 and outside
Direction water cock is connected, and adjustable direction water cock is typically mounted at the embanked field edge of a field.
In above-mentioned alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods step, when drilling will first plough shallowly sows seeds afterwards, then harrows a kind of farm tools, and application rate is
8kg-10kg/hm2。
In above-mentioned alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods step, when pipeline water delivery, discharge per unit width control in 3.2-3.6m/s,
Number of passes of withdrawing the previous remark is set as 0.72.
In above-mentioned alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods step, when pipeline water delivery, irrigation norm is controlled in 3600-4550m
³/hm2。
In above-mentioned alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods step, when artificial supplementary irrigation, normal flow year irrigation norm is 3600m3/
hm2, it is annual to pour water altogether 6 times, it is irrigated respectively in April 8, May 5, June 5, June 30, July 25, August 25,
Irrigating water quota 600m3/hm2。
In above-mentioned alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods step, when artificial supplementary irrigation, low flow year irrigation norm is 4550m3/
hm2, whole year pours water 7 times altogether, respectively in April 8, May 1, May 25, June 18, July 5, July 30, August 28
It is irrigated, irrigating water quota 650m3/hm2。
In above-mentioned alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods step, when artificial supplementary irrigation, high flow year irrigation norm is 3750m3/
hm2, it is annual to pour water altogether 5 times, it is irrigated respectively in April 8, May 20, June 15, July 15, July 15, it is fixed to pour water
Volume 750m3/hm2。
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, alfalfa to be planted using inventive pipeline border irrigation technology, has emergence rate, live seedling rate high, weeds and pest and disease damage are few,
The advantage that per mu yield is high and alfalfa quality is good；
2, due to not using surface irrigation, rainwash will not be generated；Alfalfa is planted in more arid farming and pastoral area, is reduced
It is insufficient to solve the problems, such as farming and pastoral area water resource, while can effectively prevent soil erosion for earth's surface invalid evaporation, increases the effect of pouring
Fruit；
3, pipeline is embedded to underground, avoids the damage of the irrigation equipment caused by tractor-ploughing or due to human factor, while effectively avoiding
Plastic piping aging because of caused by ultraviolet light irradiation, substantially prolongs the service life of water adding system；
4, compared with traditional furrow ditch fills plantation alfalfa, this pipeline border irrigation mode initial investment and operating cost are lower；
5, it according to Growth of Alfalfa characteristic, is given birth at it and gives a degree of water stress early period, it is promoted to take root, improved
Its resistance；Supplementary irrigation is carried out in its key water requirement period simultaneously, substantially increases irrigation water using efficiency.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, invention is further described in detail.It should be appreciated that described herein specific
Embodiment is only used to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods, comprising the following steps:
1) seed selection and processing: I grades of seeds as defined in country or provincial grass seed standard are selected, to be basked seeds 2-3 days before sowing；With
Breaking dormancy improves germination percentage and seedling uniformity.
2) sowing ground selection: sowing ground select embanked field, embanked field specification arrangement are as follows: the long 60-70m of furrow, the wide 1.6-2.2m of furrow,
Furrow slope 0.35%-0.38%, Manning Roughness 0.15；
3) turn over to sowing: since alfalfa seed is tiny, young shoot is thin and delicate, and the native power in top is poor, and site preparation must be fine, it is desirable that ground
Smooth, soil block is fine crushing, no weeds, good conditions for soil moisture.Alfalfa Root System is flourishing simultaneously, depth of burying, and to turn over 25cm to sowing, harrow
Dry field 7 days after thin, then 15cm is shallowly turned over, harrow thin rear leveling；
4) basal dressing: the time 7 days before turning over, applies well-rotted farmyard manure 1700-1800kg per acre；It is applied per acre as preferably decomposed
Farmyard manure 1750kg；
5) it sows: using drilling, line-spacing 20-22cm；Using grab moisture sowing after summer rain when sowing, to be advisable at the beginning of 4 months；
6) it irrigates: underground is embedded to using pipeline water delivery, pipeline；Due to not using surface irrigation, rainwash will not be generated；Compared with
Alfalfa is planted in the farming and pastoral area of arid, reduces earth's surface invalid evaporation, solves the problems, such as that farming and pastoral area water resource is insufficient, while energy
It is enough effectively prevent soil erosion, increases the effect of pouring；Pipeline is embedded to underground, avoids caused by tractor-ploughing or due to human factor
The damage of irrigation equipment, while plastic piping aging because of caused by ultraviolet light irradiation is effectively prevented, it substantially prolongs and pours water
The service life of system；
7) weeding, the field management of Fertigation, artificial supplementary irrigation, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out in growth period；
8) maturity period gathers in time.
In above-mentioned alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods step, the selection on ground is sowed, is broadcast in the soil for never planting clover
Kind when, to be inoculated with rhizobium melioti, 6.0 grams of microbial inoculums of every kilogram of seed are made bacterium solution and are sprinkled upon on seed, are sufficiently stirred, with mixing
With broadcasting；When without microbial inoculum, mixed with old alfalfa ground soil with seed, ratio 1.8:1.
In above-mentioned alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods step, the pvc pipe of φ 110 is selected in the water-main road of pipeline water delivery
Road is embedded to underground 30cm or less.
In above-mentioned alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods step, water-main road is adjustable by the unburied tube of φ 63 and outside
Direction water cock is connected, and adjustable direction water cock is typically mounted at the embanked field edge of a field.
In above-mentioned alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods step, when drilling will first plough shallowly sows seeds afterwards, then harrows a kind of farm tools, and application rate is
8kg-10kg/hm2。
In above-mentioned alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods step, when pipeline water delivery, discharge per unit width control in 3.2-3.6m/s,
Number of passes of withdrawing the previous remark is set as 0.72.
In above-mentioned alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods step, when pipeline water delivery, irrigation norm is controlled in 3600-4550m
³/hm2。
In above-mentioned alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods step, when artificial supplementary irrigation, normal flow year: i.e. the rainfall general time,
Ensurance probability of irrigation water=75%, irrigation norm 3600m3/hm2, whole year pour water altogether 6 times, respectively April 8, May 5, June 5,
June 30, July 25, August 25 irrigated, irrigating water quota 600m3/hm2.
In above-mentioned alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods step, when artificial supplementary irrigation, the low flow year: i.e. the rainfall less time,
Ensurance probability of irrigation water=50%, irrigation norm 4550m3/hm2, whole year pours water 7 times altogether, respectively in April 8, May 1, May 25
Number, June 18, July 5, July 30, August 28 irrigated, irrigating water quota 650m3/hm2.
In above-mentioned alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods step, when artificial supplementary irrigation, the high flow year: i.e. the rainfall less time,
Ensurance probability of irrigation water=90%, irrigation norm 3750m3/hm2, whole year pours water 5 times altogether, respectively in April 8, May 20, June 15
Number, July 15, July 15 irrigated, irrigating water quota 750m3/hm2.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the common skill of the art
For art personnel, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods, which comprises the following steps:
Seed selection and processing: I grades of seeds as defined in country or provincial grass seed standard are selected, to be basked seeds 2-3 days before sowing；
2) selection on sowing ground: embanked field, embanked field specification arrangement are as follows: the long 60-70m of furrow, the wide 1.6-2.2m of furrow, furrow slope are selected in sowing ground
0.35%-0.38%, Manning Roughness 0.15；
3) it turns over to sowing: turning over 25cm to sowing, dry field 7 days after rake is thin, then 15cm is shallowly turned over, harrow thin rear leveling；
4) basal dressing: the time 7 days before turning over, applies well-rotted farmyard manure 1700-1800kg per acre；
5) it sows: using drilling, line-spacing 20-22cm；
6) it irrigates: underground is embedded to using pipeline water delivery, pipeline；
7) weeding, the field management of Fertigation, artificial supplementary irrigation, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out in growth period；
8) maturity period gathers in time.
2. alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the selection for sowing ground, never
When planting the soil sowing of clover, it to be inoculated with rhizobium melioti, 6.0 grams of microbial inoculums of every kilogram of seed are made bacterium solution and are sprinkled upon seed
On, it is sufficiently stirred, with mixing with broadcasting；When without microbial inoculum, mixed with old alfalfa ground soil with seed, ratio 1.8:1.
3. alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water-main road of pipeline water delivery
The PVC pipeline of φ 110 is selected, underground 30cm or less is embedded to.
4. alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: water-main road passes through φ's 63
Unburied tube is connected with external adjustable direction water cock, and adjustable direction water cock is typically mounted at the embanked field edge of a field.
5. alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: first to plough shallowly when drilling and spread afterwards
Kind, then a kind of farm tools is harrowed, application rate 8kg-10kg/hm2。
6. alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: when pipeline water delivery, discharge per unit width
In 3.2-3.6m/s, number of passes of withdrawing the previous remark is set as 0.72 for control.
7. alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: when pipeline water delivery, irrigation norm
Control is in 3600-4550m3/hm2。
8. alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: when artificial supplementary irrigation, normal flow year is filled
It irrigates and is rated for 3600m3/hm2, whole year pours water 6 times altogether, respectively in April 8, May 5, June 5, June 30, July 25,8
The moon 25 is irrigated, irrigating water quota 600m3/hm2。
9. alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: when artificial supplementary irrigation, the low flow year is filled
It irrigates and is rated for 4550m3/hm2, whole year pours water 7 times altogether, respectively in April 8, May 1, May 25, June 18, July 5,7
The moon No. 30, August 28 is irrigated, irrigating water quota 650m3/hm2。
10. alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: when artificial supplementary irrigation, the high flow year is filled
It irrigates and is rated for 3750m3/hm2, whole year pours water 5 times altogether, respectively in April 8, May 20, June 15, July 15, July 15
It is irrigated, irrigating water quota 750m3/hm2。
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| CN201811560717.6A CN109566281A (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | A kind of alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods |
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| CN201811560717.6A CN109566281A (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2018-12-20 | A kind of alfalfa border irrigation implantation methods |
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ID=65931144
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112021124A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-04 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Alfalfa quota irrigation method based on furrow irrigation in desert area |
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Application publication date: 20190405 |