CN109558075A - A kind of method and device using the cold and hot attribute storing data of data - Google Patents
A kind of method and device using the cold and hot attribute storing data of data Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
- G06F3/0614—Improving the reliability of storage systems
- G06F3/0616—Improving the reliability of storage systems in relation to life time, e.g. increasing Mean Time Between Failures [MTBF]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F12/00—Accessing, addressing or allocating within memory systems or architectures
- G06F12/02—Addressing or allocation; Relocation
- G06F12/0223—User address space allocation, e.g. contiguous or non contiguous base addressing
- G06F12/023—Free address space management
- G06F12/0238—Memory management in non-volatile memory, e.g. resistive RAM or ferroelectric memory
- G06F12/0246—Memory management in non-volatile memory, e.g. resistive RAM or ferroelectric memory in block erasable memory, e.g. flash memory
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F12/00—Accessing, addressing or allocating within memory systems or architectures
- G06F12/02—Addressing or allocation; Relocation
- G06F12/0223—User address space allocation, e.g. contiguous or non contiguous base addressing
- G06F12/023—Free address space management
- G06F12/0253—Garbage collection, i.e. reclamation of unreferenced memory
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
- G06F3/0638—Organizing or formatting or addressing of data
- G06F3/064—Management of blocks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
- G06F3/0668—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems adopting a particular infrastructure
- G06F3/0671—In-line storage system
- G06F3/0673—Single storage device
- G06F3/0679—Non-volatile semiconductor memory device, e.g. flash memory, one time programmable memory [OTP]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of method using the cold and hot attribute storing data of data, comprising the following steps: S100) from the distribution characteristics for collecting and saving cold data and dsc data in flash memory from system respectively；S200 cold data memory block and dsc data memory block) are distributed in a flash memory；S300) when receiving data processing task, by presetting rule, the cold and hot judgement of data is executed, and when judging pending data for cold data, stores data in cold data memory block, otherwise, stores data in dsc data memory block.
Description
Technical field
It is the present invention relates to flash data administrative skill field, in particular to a kind of using the cold and hot attribute storing data of data
Method and device.
Background technique
A kind of storage equipment of the NAND Flash (flash memory) as excellent performance, is more and more widely used.It is limited
In the physical characteristic of itself, NAND Flash needs to carry out in use garbage reclamation and abrasion equilibration operation.Abrasion is flat
Weighing apparatus needs to move the valid data in the small block of erasing times (block) to new block, and garbage reclamation is actually utilized
Operation.The efficiency of garbage collection operation will have a direct impact on the data volume of write-in NAND Flash, and then influence NAND
The service life of Flash equipment and performance.The purpose of the present invention is promoting the garbage reclamation efficiency of NAND Flash equipment, NAND is promoted
The performance of Flash equipment extends the service life of NAND Flash equipment.
The unique erasable characteristic of NAND Flash makes block that data cannot be written before being wiped free of, therefore data need
Strange land updates, and the data of the same logical place stored in block before in this way reform into invalid data.In use process
To re-use the physics page (page) that these invalid datas occupy, it is necessary to introduce the mechanism of garbage reclamation.So-called rubbish
Valid data in the block for having been written into data, are exactly moved new block by recycling, then will be by garbage reclamation
It is reused after block erasing.
The service life (PE cycle) that each block has in NAND Flash centainly, in order to avoid certain block quilts
It frequently uses and is damaged, lead to entire NAND Flash premature deterioration, need to introduce abrasion equilibration mechanism, as far as possible guarantee institute
The service condition of some block is close, to extend the service life of NAND Flash.
The garbage reclamation of NAND Flash equipment, abrasion equilibration operation are in background process, these operations are for host
For be it is invalid, influence whether performance and the service life of entire NAND Flash equipment.How these volumes are reduced to greatest extent
Outer operation bring influences, and is that NAND Flash flash translation layer (FTL) (FTL) design has to consider the problems of.
In embedded product in use, NAND Flash equipment generally exists with absolute version, the rubbish of backstage realization
Recycling, abrasion equilibration operation are sightless for system.NAND Flash equipment realizes garbage reclamation, abrasion equilibration behaviour
Generally there are several forms for work:
1. not considering the attribute of data, all data mixings together, are recovered in the same block, do not consider rubbish
The efficiency of rubbish recycling；
2.NAND Flash equipment internal statistical is written into the renewal frequency of data, to a certain extent to the cold and hot of data
Degree is divided, to realize the isolation of data, promotes the efficiency of garbage reclamation；
In general, NAND Flash equipment links with host in use, actively obtains host and sends data
Cold and hot attribute can then distinguish cold and hot data well, realize being effectively isolated for cold and hot data, promote the efficiency of garbage reclamation.
Existing several design schemes are individually present some using limitation:
By the methods of statistical data renewal frequency inside NAND Flash, data can be distinguished to a certain extent
Cold and hot degree, but cold and hot data can not be accurately distinguished, simultaneously as needing to record the frequency of data update, need to consume big
Measure memory source.
Summary of the invention
The application it is existing in the prior art do not distinguish cold and hot data or cold and hot data cannot be accurately distinguished aiming at the problem that,
The deficiency of extreme influence NAND Flash equipment performance and service life proposes a kind of utilization cold and hot attribute storing data of data
Method and device.
Firstly, present applicant proposes a kind of methods using the cold and hot attribute storing data of data, comprising the following steps:
S100) from the distribution characteristics for collecting and saving cold data and dsc data in flash memory from system respectively；
S200 cold data memory block and dsc data memory block) are distributed in a flash memory；
S300) when receiving data processing task, by presetting rule, execute the cold and hot judgement of data, and when judge to
When processing data are cold data, cold data memory block is stored data in, otherwise, stores data in dsc data memory block.
In a kind of above-mentioned method using the cold and hot attribute storing data of data of the application, according to the presetting rule
The cold and hot attribute for the data that the cold and hot data distribution characteristics judgement that the slave system that FTL is saved obtains is written into.
In a kind of above-mentioned method using the cold and hot attribute storing data of data of the application, the cold data and dsc data
Distribution characteristics is stored in the flash memory.
In a kind of above-mentioned method using the cold and hot attribute storing data of data of the application, before step S200 further includes following
Set step:
S201) apply for the memory space for being used to store the distribution characteristics in the flash memory.
In a kind of above-mentioned method using the cold and hot attribute storing data of data of the application, the data processing task are as follows:
Data writing task or garbage reclamation task.
In a kind of above-mentioned method using the cold and hot attribute storing data of data of the application, the distribution characteristics is the number
According to the storage address in the flash memory.
In a kind of above-mentioned method using the cold and hot attribute storing data of data of the application, the storage address is the number
According to logical address.
In a kind of above-mentioned method using the cold and hot attribute storing data of data of the application, the flash memory includes in following
One or more, solid state hard disk, embedded multi-media card, multimedia card, SD card, TF card, USB flash disk.
Secondly, the application proposes a kind of device using the cold and hot attribute storing data of data, comprise the following modules:
Collection module, for from the distribution characteristics for collecting and saving cold data and dsc data in flash memory from system respectively；
Distribution module, for distributing cold data memory block and dsc data memory block in a flash memory；
Judgment module, for by presetting rule, executing the cold and hot judgement of data when receiving data processing task, and
When judging pending data for cold data, cold data memory block is stored data in, otherwise, dsc data is stored data in and deposits
Storage area.
Finally, the application proposes a kind of computer readable storage medium, it is stored thereon with computer instruction, it is characterised in that
It realizes when the instruction is executed by processor such as the step of method described in any item of the claim 1 to 8.
The beneficial achievement of the application is: once obtaining the cold and hot data point of system in NAND Flash equipment initial phase
Cold and hot data are isolated in system operation for cloth situation, are respectively stored in cold data memory block and dsc data storage
Area can be effectively improved NAND Flash equipment since abrasion equilibration and garbage reclamation bring consume, effectively promote NAND
The performance and used life of Flash equipment.This read-write process for designing the system that has substantially no effect on, does not increase memory consumption substantially
And software complexity, it can effectively be used in a variety of usage scenarios including embedded system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 show a kind of one embodiment for method using the cold and hot attribute storing data of data that the application is proposed
Flow chart；
Fig. 2 show a kind of frame diagram for device using the cold and hot attribute storing data of data that the application is proposed.
Specific embodiment
It is carried out below with reference to technical effect of the embodiment and attached drawing to design of the invention, specific structure and generation clear
Chu, complete description, to be completely understood by the purpose of the present invention, scheme and effect.It should be noted that the case where not conflicting
Under, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other.The identical attached drawing mark used everywhere in attached drawing
Note indicates the same or similar part.
It is particularly pointed out in the conclusion part of specification and is distinctly claimed theme proposed by the present invention.However, working as
When reading in conjunction with the accompanying, by reference to described in detail below, organizing and operating method of the invention can be best understood
And its purpose, feature and advantage.
Because illustrated embodiment of the invention can in most cases use electronics well known by persons skilled in the art
Component and circuit are realized, so details will be explained only on thinking necessary degree as described above, to understand this hair
Bright basic conception, in order to avoid obscure or disperse the teachings of the present invention.
A kind of one embodiment flow chart of the method using the cold and hot attribute storing data of data shown in referring to Fig.1, this
Invention proposes a kind of method using the cold and hot attribute storing data of data, comprising the following steps:
S100) from the distribution characteristics for collecting and saving cold data and dsc data in flash memory from system respectively；
S200 cold data memory block and dsc data memory block) are distributed in a flash memory；
S300) when receiving data processing task, by presetting rule, execute the cold and hot judgement of data, and when judge to
When processing data are cold data, cold data memory block is stored data in, otherwise, stores data in dsc data memory block.
Specifically, the system is embedded system, and the design of the application is to combine FTL algorithm and embedded system, from
The cold and hot attribute of data, the cold and hot information that FTL is provided according to system, it is contemplated that flash memory cooperates with system, energy are obtained at system
It is enough that more accurately cold and hot data are isolated, belong to cooperating for flash memory and embedded system.
It specifically, include the data often updated and the data seldom updated inside flash memory, wherein the number being seldom updated
It according to cold data is called, is often updated data and is called dsc data, wherein cold data is placed on inside cold data block, and dsc data is placed on heat
Inside data block, cold and hot data are individually managed, it is secondary to moving for the cold data seldom updated to reduce solid state hard disk
Number, improves the utilization rate and service life of flash memory.
In order to extend the service life of nand flash memory, applied in solid state hard disk at present Wear Leveling (balance abrasion or
Abrasion equilibration) mechanism, it can guarantee that programming/erasable number of each flash block is consistent or close as much as possible, avoid pair
A certain Partial Block exceedingly repeats erasing operation and scraps, to effectively extend the write-in service life of solid state hard disk.
Wear-leveling algorithms are generally divided into static and dynamic, and the solid state hard disk of current all mainstreams supports Dynamic wear to balance.Dynamically
Abrasion equilibration refers to that master control selects the block of those " relatively new " to come using the advantages of, this algorithm to be that complexity is low as far as possible, easy-to-use
Control, will not occupy too many resource, but it is not also optimal that disadvantage, which is then this algorithm,.Based on the static state on Dynamic wear balance
Abrasion equilibration is then that the block occupied to the file of those " infrequently updating " optimizes processing, they is rejected and is transferred to
In the block of one " relatively old ".Because these files are seldom modified, the number that occupied block is worn is less, is come with this
The effect of achieving the purpose that optimization, further playing " abrasion equilibration ".Static wear balance biggest advantage is exactly to solid naturally
The service life of state hard disk has carried out abundant optimization, it will be clear that it the shortcomings that be that complexity is higher, can largely occupy master control resource.
Thus the length of solid-state disk service life depends not only on P/E number of flash memory, and Wear-leveling algorithms include even subsequent
Garbage reclamation mechanism all plays a crucial role.
Specifically, the presetting rule is that the cold and hot data distribution characteristics that the slave system saved according to FTL obtains judge quilt
The cold and hot attribute of the data of write-in.
Specifically, the FTL is flash translation layer (FTL) (Flash Translation Layer, FTL).
Further, the design of the application is to combine FTL algorithm and embedded system, and the cold and hot of data is obtained from system
Attribute, the cold and hot information that FTL is provided according to system, it is contemplated that flash memory cooperates with system, can be more accurately by cold and hot data
It is isolated, belongs to cooperating for flash memory and embedded system.And the prior art is to be set inside FTL algorithm by FTL algorithm
Meter judges that the cold and hot attribute of data, component of the flash memory as system are isolated, essences in flash memory internal as far as possible by statistics
True property does not have method used herein high.
Specifically, the cold data and the distribution characteristics of dsc data are stored in the flash memory.
Preferably, step S200 further includes following previous step:
S201) apply for the memory space for being used to store the distribution characteristics in the flash memory.
Specifically, which is characterized in that the data processing task are as follows: data writing task or garbage reclamation task.
Specifically, when system sends write request to flash memory, its cold and hot attribute is judged by this data address requested,
The data to be write are write in corresponding cold data memory block or dsc data memory block respectively.
Specifically, when carrying out garbage reclamation, the address by being recovered data judges its cold and hot attribute, writes respectively pair
In the cold data memory block or dsc data memory block answered.
Specifically, a characteristic of flash memory is in the data updated storage, and flash memory is not local update, that is,
It says, which be directly updated on the physical address where former data.In flash memory more new data, equipment end is
The data of update redistribute physical space to store, and the occupied Physical Page of data of the update are set to effectively, former data
Occupied Physical Page is set in vain, and the occupied Physical Page of the data that logical address is directed toward the update is corresponding physically
Location.The only encapsulation of FTL of this process Jing Guo equipment end, invisible to user, so the same with disk, user is still used
The unique address that logical address is stored and searched as data, is indifferent to the real physical storage locations of data.
Above-mentioned characteristic based on flash memory, in order to recycle memory space, is needed to the sudden strain of a muscle when the memory space inadequate of flash memory
Deposit into row garbage reclamation (Garbage Collection, GC) operation.The purpose of GC operation has been set in recycling physical block
For invalid Physical Page, re-using is set to invalid Physical Page storing data.Firstly, equipment end (Device) needs to select
Effective Physical Page copies new memory space in fixed physical block, then again wipes the data in entire physical block.This
Sample, the quantity of effectively Physical Page directly affects the efficiency of GC operation in physical block.
Specifically, the FTL has following functions:
Address of cache management.Flash memory device is externally a flight data recorder, and the inside is integrated with Nand flash memory and FTL etc., upper layer
It is accessed using logical address, FTL is mapped to logical address on different physical address, manages each logical address most
The physical location of new data storage.
Garbage reclamation.With the write-in of data, the partial data of some blocks is invalid on flash memory device, and handle is needed to have
The data of effect are moved from block, and then erasing is used to receive new data.Abrasion equilibrium and bad block management.Because of each piece of P/
E times number is limited, and certain pieces may be reused and damage, and some block numbers are accessed according to seldom, so not having always
Operated.In order to avoid such case, the function of abrasion equilibrium is added in FTL, generally by control garbage reclamation and
The management in empty block pond ideally reaches wear threshold for all pieces to balance each piece of access times together.
Since Flash inherently has part bad block, partial block can degenerate during use, so FTL is being managed
When need to avoid these useless piece, the data become on unstable piece after using are copied to settling position in time.
Preferably, the storage address is the logical address of the data.
Specifically, the logical address refers to offset address relevant to the section part generated by program, is there is address change
It changes in the computer of function, logical address is in the address (operand) that access instruction provides, and is also relative address.It will be by addressing
The calculating or transformation of mode just obtain the physical address in built-in storage.
Preferably, the flash memory includes one of the following or multiple, solid state hard disk (SSD), embedded multi-media card
(eMMC), multimedia card (MMC), SD card, TF card, USB flash disk.
Referring to a kind of device using the cold and hot attribute storing data of data shown in Fig. 2, comprise the following modules:
Collection module, for from the distribution characteristics for collecting and saving cold data and dsc data in flash memory from system respectively；
Distribution module, for distributing cold data memory block and dsc data memory block in a flash memory；
Judgment module, for by presetting rule, executing the cold and hot judgement of data when receiving data processing task, and
When judging pending data for cold data, cold data memory block is stored data in, otherwise, dsc data is stored data in and deposits
Storage area.
Finally, being stored thereon with computer instruction the present invention also provides a kind of computer readable storage medium.The instruction
It is realized when being executed by processor such as the step of any one of aforementioned method.
It should be appreciated that the embodiment of the present invention can be by computer hardware, the combination of hardware and software or by depositing
The computer instruction in non-transitory computer-readable memory is stored up to be effected or carried out.Standard volume can be used in the method
Journey technology-includes that the non-transitory computer-readable storage media configured with computer program is realized in computer program,
In configured in this way storage medium make computer operated in a manner of specific and is predefined-according to describing in a particular embodiment
Method and attached drawing.Each program can be realized with the programming language of level process or object-oriented with logical with computer system
Letter.However, if desired, the program can be realized with compilation or machine language.Under any circumstance, the language can be compiling or
The language of explanation.In addition, the program can be run on the specific integrated circuit of programming for this purpose.
Further, this method can be realized in being operably coupled to suitable any kind of computing platform, including
But it is not limited to PC, mini-computer, main frame, work station, network or distributed computing environment, individual or integrated
It computer platform or is communicated with charged particle tool or other imaging devices etc..Each aspect of the present invention can be with storage
No matter machine readable code on non-transitory storage medium or equipment is moveable or is integrated to calculate and put down to realize
Platform, such as hard disk, optically read and/or write-in storage medium, RAM, ROM, so that it can be read by programmable calculator, when depositing
Storage media or equipment can be used for configuration and operation computer to execute process described herein when being read by computer.In addition,
Machine readable code, or part thereof can be transmitted by wired or wireless network.When such media include in conjunction with microprocessor or
When other data processors realize the instruction or program of steps described above, invention as described herein includes that these and other are different
The non-transitory computer-readable storage media of type.When methods and techniques according to the present invention programming, the present invention is also
Including computer itself.
This document describes embodiment of the disclosure, become known for executing optimal mode of the invention including inventor.It is readding
After having read foregoing description, the variation of these embodiments will be apparent those skilled in the art.Inventor wishes skill
Art personnel optionally use such modification, and inventor be intended to by be different from it is as specifically described herein in a manner of practice this public affairs
The embodiment opened.Therefore, through applicable legal permission, the scope of the present disclosure includes describing in this appended claims
The all modifications and equivalent of theme.In addition, the scope of the present disclosure covers any of the above-mentioned element in its all possible modification
Combination, unless herein in addition instruction or otherwise significantly with contradicted by context.
Although description of the invention is quite detailed and especially several embodiments are described, it is not
Any of these details or embodiment or any specific embodiments are intended to be limited to, but should be considered as is by reference to appended
A possibility that claim provides broad sense in view of the prior art for these claims explanation, to effectively cover the present invention
Preset range.In addition, with the foreseeable embodiment of inventor, present invention is described above, its purpose is to be provided with
Description, and those still unforeseen at present change to unsubstantiality of the invention can still represent equivalent modifications of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method using the cold and hot attribute storing data of data, which comprises the following steps:
S100) from the distribution characteristics for collecting and saving cold data and dsc data in flash memory from system respectively；
S200 cold data memory block and dsc data memory block) are distributed in a flash memory；
S300) when receiving data processing task, by presetting rule, the cold and hot judgement of data is executed, and to be processed when judging
When data are cold data, cold data memory block is stored data in, otherwise, stores data in dsc data memory block.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the presetting rule is to be obtained according to the slave system that FTL is saved
The cold and hot attribute for the data that the cold and hot data distribution characteristics judgement taken is written into.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the cold data and the distribution characteristics of dsc data are stored in institute
It states in flash memory.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein step S200 further includes following previous step:
S201) apply for the memory space for being used to store the distribution characteristics in the flash memory.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the data processing task are as follows: data writing task or rubbish
Recycling task.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein the distribution characteristics is the data in the flash memory
Storage address.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the storage address is the logical address of the data.
8. the method according to claim 1, wherein the flash memory includes one of the following or multiple, solid-state
Hard disk, embedded multi-media card, multimedia card, SD card, TF card, USB flash disk.
9. a kind of device using the cold and hot attribute storing data of data, which is characterized in that comprise the following modules:
Collection module, for from the distribution characteristics for collecting and saving cold data and dsc data in flash memory from system respectively；
Distribution module, for distributing cold data memory block and dsc data memory block in a flash memory；
Judgment module, for by presetting rule, executing the cold and hot judgement of data, and work as and sentence when receiving data processing task
When disconnected pending data is cold data, cold data memory block is stored data in, otherwise, stores data in dsc data storage
Area.
10. a kind of computer readable storage medium, is stored thereon with computer instruction, it is characterised in that the instruction is held by processor
It realizes when row such as the step of method described in any item of the claim 1 to 8.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN111324303A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-06-23 | 深圳忆联信息系统有限公司 | SSD garbage recycling method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN111966299A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-20 | 深圳三地一芯电子有限责任公司 | Wear leveling method and device for Nand Flash |
| CN113900597A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-01-07 | 深圳市安信达存储技术有限公司 | Data storage method, system, equipment and storage medium |
| CN116303119A (en) * | 2023-05-19 | 2023-06-23 | 珠海妙存科技有限公司 | Method, system and storage medium for identifying cold and hot data |
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