CN109556978A - Drop type impact test equipment - Google Patents
Drop type impact test equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109556978A CN109556978A CN201910062892.0A CN201910062892A CN109556978A CN 109556978 A CN109556978 A CN 109556978A CN 201910062892 A CN201910062892 A CN 201910062892A CN 109556978 A CN109556978 A CN 109556978A
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- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009979 protective mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/303—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated only by free-falling weight
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
Present invention discloses drop type impact test equipments, comprising: pylon component, lifting mechanism, the frame component that spreads out, guide rail group and release component.Pylon component is placed on the ground.Lifting mechanism is mounted on pylon component.Component truss is connected to lifting mechanism and is mounted in pylon component.Guide rail group extends along pylon component, and component truss is moved along guide rail group.Release component is mounted on the bottom of component truss, and impact head is connected to release component, and release component is not opened, and impact head is mutually locked with release component, and release component is opened, and impact head is separated with release component, and impact head is released, and impact head falls and impact test exemplar.Testing equipment of the invention makes the falling process of impact head have better stability, and impact position is more accurate.It is provided with multiple turnover panels on the testing equipment as safety protective mechanisms, can be stopped when impact head surprisingly falls.Impact head can be given rise to enough height by the testing equipment, simulate the effect of high-speed impact.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of automobile parts and components, more specifically to the testing equipment field of auto parts and components.
Background technique
Partial security components in vehicle structure, for example, bumper crossbeam and longitudinal beam structure effect be exactly by
To impact when main body structure is protected.Such as in more low intensive impact, bumper needs enough strong
Spend the integrality to guarantee vehicle body.And in the impact of higher-strength, bumper needs to absorb impact energy, it is ensured that main vehicle
The safety of body.
In order to verify the mechanical performance of such safety components, need to carry out impact experiment to safety components.Mesh
There are two types of the preceding modes for carrying out impact test:
One is the experiments of traditional complete automobile collision.In complete automobile collision test, fixed rammer is set, and traction is set
Standby to provide power traction vehicle, vehicle is moved along track.Under the action of pulling equipment, vehicle accelerates along track, waits and accelerates to
After predetermined speed, vehicle and pulling equipment are detached from, and vehicle continues along tracks travel by inertia and hits rammer.It hits and completes
The damage situations of vehicle are assessed afterwards, thus obtain the impact resistance energy of each components.Since the speed of shock all can
Reach 50km/h or more, therefore after shock, the vehicle as experiment can be scrapped.The shortcomings that traditional complete automobile collision is tested is aobvious
And opinion, it is exactly that experimental cost is excessively high.A vehicle can all be scrapped by testing each time, and the cost of experiment is very high.Therefore, vehicle
Collision experiment is usually all in the latter stage of vehicle research and development, after vehicle finalizes the design almost, in order to obtain complete automobile collision parameter Shi Caihui
It carries out.For the early stage of vehicle research and development, when each components are not yet formed, it is not appropriate for testing using complete automobile collision, also, whole
Vehicle collision experiment is more the shock simulated under real use state, and rum point is not known simultaneously, for obtaining independent components
Impact parameter accuracy it is not high, efficiency is also very low.
Independent in order to be carried out early stage exploitation to each components, targeted striking experiment also mentions more
A kind of drop type impact experiment is gone out.The basic principle of drop type impact experiment is to elevate impact head, and preparation is received experiment
Components be placed on the lower section of impact head, after discharging impact head, impact head falling impacts components in a manner of freely falling body.
Drop type impact experiment can be carried out for single components, and experimental cost is lower.But the examination of existing drop type impact experiment
Testing equipment, there is also several defects.If discharging impact head in a manner of complete freely falling body, the drop point of impact head is difficult to control, very
The components of lower section can not be struck when more.In order to improve the stability of falling of impact head, can be arranged in the prior art parallel
Double guide rails, impact head slides a distance first along double guide rails, discharges progress again after impact head accelerates to certain speed
Freely falling body falls.After guidance by double guide rails, the stability of falling of impact head has a certain upgrade, the precision of impact
It increases.But still there are no small defects for two-orbit bootmode:
Double guide rails disposed in parallel planar have a good restriction ability in guide rail, but that be with guide level
On vertical or inclined direction, there is no restriction abilities.Therefore, impact head is in dropping process by lateral or oblique dry
When disturbing, can still significantly affect impact head falls stability, and shock point is caused deviation occur.In addition, the structure of double guide rails
It is difficult the safety component that setting has sufficient intensity, when impact head surprisingly falls off, and enough protections can not be awarded, be easy to draw
Safety accident is sent out, there are biggish security risks.
Above-mentioned defect is more significant when the height of drop type impact device increases, and the lift height of impact head is promoted,
It, which falls stability and safety in utilization, all significantly reduces, and therefore, the height of existing drop type impact test equipment is usually all
That designs is relatively low.Due to limited height, speed when impact head falls is smaller, and impact energy is limited, can not be to high velocity impact
It is simulated.
The content of present invention
The present invention is directed to propose one kind can carry out high-speed percussion experiment with degree of precision, and with greater security
Drop type impact test equipment.
An embodiment according to the present invention proposes a kind of drop type impact test equipment, comprising: pylon component, lifting machine
Structure, the frame component that spreads out, guide rail group and release component.Pylon component is placed on the ground.Lifting mechanism is mounted on pylon component.Purlin
Frame component is connected to lifting mechanism and is mounted in pylon component.Guide rail group extends along pylon component, and component truss is along guide rail
Group movement.Release component is mounted on the bottom of component truss, and impact head is connected to release component, and release component is not opened, impacted
Head is mutually locked with release component, and release component is opened, and impact head is separated with release component, and impact head is released, and impact head falls
And impact test exemplar.
In one embodiment, which further includes pedestal, and pedestal fixes on the ground, the tower
Frame component is mounted on the base, and tests exemplar is also installed on pedestal.
In one embodiment, pedestal is metal plate, and the bottom of metal plate is equipped with damping device.
In one embodiment, pylon component includes: bottom tower, mid-tower and top tower.Bottom tower installation
There is auxiliary load carrier on pedestal, on bottom tower.Mid-tower is mounted on bottom tower, has peace on mid-tower
Full guard mechanism.Top tower is mounted on mid-tower, has transversal stabilizing mechanism in top tower, and lifting mechanism is mounted on
In top tower.
In one embodiment, bottom tower includes: four root bottom part columns and two gate beams.Four root bottom part columns
Bottom is mounted on the base, and the top of four root bottom part columns is connected and fixed by crossbeam, and guide rail is arranged in each bottom column.
Two gate beams are located in two lateral planes of bottom column formation, and each gate beam is connected to two root bottom part columns
Between.Assisting load carrier is turnover panel, and turnover panel is mounted on gate beam, and turnover panel is able to rotate to vertical open position or water
Flat closed position.
In one embodiment, mid-tower includes: four middle standing pillars.The bottom of four middle standing pillars passes through lower beam
It is connected and fixed, the top of four middle standing pillars is connected and fixed by upper beam, and guide rail is arranged on each middle standing pillar.Safety is protected
Protecting mechanism is safety reverse turning bed, and safety reverse turning bed is mounted on lower beam, and safety reverse turning bed is able to rotate to vertical open position or water
Flat closed position, in the closed position of safety reverse turning bed, the both ends of safety reverse turning bed extend beyond four middle standing pillars and are formed by
Range.
In one embodiment, mid-tower further includes turnover panel driving motor, and turnover panel driving motor is connected to safety reverse turning bed,
Turnover panel driving motor driving safety reverse turning bed rotates between open position or closed position.
In one embodiment, top tower includes: four top upright posts, mounting rail, two release baffles and laterally draws
Bar.The bottom of four top upright posts is connected and fixed by lower beam, and the top of four top upright posts is connected and fixed by upper beam,
Guide rail is arranged on each top upright post.Mounting rail is housed, top installation is collectively formed in upper beam and mounting rail between upper beam
Platform is to install lifting mechanism.Two release baffles are located in two lateral planes of top upright post formation, discharge baffle
Position is higher than the position of lower beam.Transversal stabilizing mechanism is cross-tie, and one end of cross-tie is mounted on upper beam, laterally
The other end of pull rod is fixed on vertical metope.
In one embodiment, lifting mechanism includes: hoist engine, pulley assembly, wirerope and rangefinder.Hoist engine installation
On the mounting platform of top, hoist engine is driven by motor.Pulley assembly includes horizontal trolley and vertical pulley, horizontal trolley and volume
The rope-out end for raising machine is opposite, and vertical pulley is mounted on the middle part of top mounting platform.One end of wirerope is fixed on hoist engine,
The other end of wirerope turns to lower section further around excessively vertical pulley around horizontal trolley, and is connected to component truss.Rangefinder installation
On the mounting platform of top, the height of stadia surveying component truss.
In one embodiment, component truss includes: guiding trusses and impact truss, and guiding trusses are located at impact truss
Top, guiding trusses and impact truss are connected by electromagnet with locking system.
In one embodiment, electromagnet is installed, the two sides of guiding trusses have locking hole in guiding trusses.Impact purlin
There is sucker, the position of sucker and the position of electromagnet are corresponding, and the two sides for impacting truss have push rod on frame.Electromagnet is opened
It opens, electromagnet adsorbs sucker, and guiding trusses and impact truss are attracted, and push rod is pushed into guiding trusses and impact purlin in locking hole
Frame locking.Push rod exits locking hole, and electromagnet is closed, and guiding trusses are separated with impact truss.
In one embodiment, sliding block, sliding block and pylon are separately installed on four angles of guiding trusses and impact truss
Guide rail group cooperation on component, sliding block are moved along guide rail group, have cushion on sliding block.
In one embodiment, guide rail group includes four guide rails, and four guide rails extend to pylon from the bottom of pylon component
The top of component.
In one embodiment, release component includes: locking device, pulley blocks and wirerope, pendulum and release touch panel.Lock
Determine device to be mounted on component truss, locking device is connected to impact head, and release component is not opened, locking device locking impact
Head, release component are opened, locking device unlock release impact head.Pulley blocks are fixed on component truss, and wirerope bypasses pulley
Group is connected between locking device and pendulum.Pendulum is rotatably installed on bracket, and bracket is fixed on component truss, pendulum
One end is connected to wirerope, and the other end of pendulum is connected to release touch panel.Discharge the both ends that touch panel is located at release component, release touching
Plate and top tower cooperate.
In one embodiment, locking device includes: frame, lock tongue and self-locking mechanism.Frame is by two end plates and two pieces
Side plate composition.Lock tongue is mounted on side plate, and the front end of lock tongue passes through side plate and enters lower portion, and the front end of lock tongue is by impact head
Locking, the rear end of lock tongue is connected to wirerope.Self-locking mechanism includes self-locking grooves, from locking plate and self-locking spring, and self-locking spring connects
In lock tongue and between locking plate.Pendulum rotation pulls lock tongue by wirerope, and lock tongue is mobile, and impact head is unlocked release, lock tongue
It is pulled by self-locking spring from locking plate, is slid into self-locking grooves from locking plate and lock tongue is prevented to reset.
In one embodiment, self-locking grooves are close to lock tongue.It is angle bar from locking plate, the tail portion of angle bar is connected by self-locking spring
Side plate is relied on to the head of lock tongue, angle bar.Lock tongue is mobile, and the tail portion of angle bar, angle bar rotation, angle bar are pulled by self-locking spring
Head slide into withstand lock tongue in self-locking grooves, prevent lock tongue from resetting.
Drop type impact test equipment of the invention is oriented to impact head using four rails, so that the falling process of impact head has
There is better stability, impact position is more accurate.Multiple turnover panels are provided on the testing equipment as safety protective mechanisms, it can
To be stopped when impact head surprisingly falls, security performance is substantially improved.The testing equipment is superimposed by multilayer pylon and is formed, can
Impact head is given rise to enough height, the effect of high-speed impact is simulated.
Detailed description of the invention
The above and other feature of the present invention, property and advantage will pass through description with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples
And become apparent, identical appended drawing reference always shows identical feature in the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 discloses the structure chart of the drop type impact test equipment of an embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 discloses the top amplification assumption diagram of the drop type impact test equipment of an embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 discloses the structure chart of component truss in the drop type impact test equipment of an embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 discloses the structure chart of guiding trusses in the drop type impact test equipment of an embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 discloses the structure chart that truss is impacted in the drop type impact test equipment of an embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 discloses the structure chart that component is discharged in the drop type impact test equipment of an embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 discloses the plan structure of locking device in the drop type impact test equipment of an embodiment according to the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 8 discloses the structure chart of self-locking mechanism in the drop type impact test equipment of an embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 discloses the structure chart of impact head in the drop type impact test equipment of an embodiment according to the present invention.
Figure 10 discloses the damping dress installed on pedestal in embodiment drop type impact test equipment according to the present invention
The structure chart set.
Figure 11 discloses the impact head impact test sample of the drop type impact test equipment of an embodiment according to the present invention
The schematic diagram of part.
Specific embodiment
Refering to what is shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 1 discloses the structure of the drop type impact test equipment of an embodiment according to the present invention
Figure.As shown in Figure 1, the drop type impact test equipment includes: pedestal 101, bottom tower 102, mid-tower 103, top drum
Frame 104, lifting mechanism, component truss 108, guide rail group and release component 109.
The drop type impact test equipment is commonly held within interior and is tested, and pedestal 101 fixes on the ground.Pedestal
Tests exemplar 113 is installed on 101.In one embodiment, pedestal 101 is metal plate, such as iron plate.The bottom of metal plate is equipped with
Damping device, damping damping unit can absorb impact force in impact head impact tests exemplar, reduce for ground
Impact and damage.Figure 10 discloses the damping installed on pedestal in embodiment drop type impact test equipment according to the present invention
The structure chart of device.Several damping devices as shown in Figure 10 can be mounted in the base.
Bottom tower 102, mid-tower 103 and top tower 104 are sequentially overlapped connection, form pylon component.Using more
The mode of a pylon superposition connection, can obtain higher height so that impact head be lifted to higher position obtain it is bigger
Impact velocity, the case where to simulate high velocity impact.
Bottom tower 102 is mounted on pedestal 101, has auxiliary load carrier on bottom tower 102.In the implementation of diagram
In example, bottom tower includes: four root bottom part columns and two gate beams.The bottom of four root bottom part columns is mounted on pedestal 101
On, in order to enable bottom column is more firm, slanting support is also added in the position that bottom column is connect with pedestal 101
The bearing area of plate, such bottom column is bigger, more firm.The top of four root bottom part columns is connected and fixed by crossbeam.It is logical
The connection of crossbeam is crossed, the section of four root bottom part columns forms rectangle.One is disposed on the medial angle of each bottom column
Guide rail, there are four guide rails for arrangement altogether in four bottom columns.Two gate beams 114 are located at two of bottom column formation laterally
Plane in, each gate beam 114 is connected between two root bottom part columns.Assisting load carrier is turnover panel 112, turnover panel 112
It is mounted on gate beam 114.Turnover panel 112 is able to rotate the closed position to vertical open position or level.It needs to illustrate
, turnover panel 112 turns to closed position primarily to providing interim bearing function, turnover panel 112 is due to that can not cover
Entire frame area, therefore not as safeguard protection component.When carrying out impact test, turnover panel 112 turns to vertical opening
Position does not interfere falling for impact head.
Mid-tower 103 is mounted on bottom tower 102, has safety protection mechanism on mid-tower 103.In diagram
In embodiment, mid-tower 103 includes four middle standing pillars, and the bottom of four middle standing pillars is connected and fixed by lower beam, and four
The top of root middle standing pillar is connected and fixed by upper beam.By the connection of crossbeam, the section of four middle standing pillars forms rectangle.
Each middle standing pillar is connected with a root bottom part column, size, shape and the position of middle standing pillar and corresponding bottom column
It is completely corresponding.It is disposed with guide rail on the medial angle of each middle standing pillar, arranges that there are four guide rails altogether on four middle standing pillars.
The guide rail on guide rail and bottom column on middle standing pillar is wanted to connect, and forms continuous guide rail.Safety protection mechanism is to turn over safely
Plate 111, safety reverse turning bed 111 are mounted on lower beam.Safety reverse turning bed 111 is able to rotate the pass to vertical open position or level
Closed position.In the closed position of safety reverse turning bed 111, the both ends of safety reverse turning bed extend beyond four middle standing pillars and are formed by model
It encloses.Safety reverse turning bed 111 is when turning to closed position, it will thus provide carrying and two functions of security protection.Due to safety reverse turning bed 111
Volume it is larger, overturning to behind closed position, safety reverse turning bed will cover entire frame area.As described above,
The both ends of safety reverse turning bed extend beyond four middle standing pillars and are formed by range, due to covering entire frame area, turn over safely
Plate 111 can play safety protection function.If the impact head being located above, the appearance such as frame component of spreading out surprisingly are fallen, safety
Turnover panel 111 is able to carry out blocking, prevents these components from dropping into the test area of lower section, damages exemplar therein or work people
Member.It is using electric drive since safety reverse turning bed 111 is larger.In one embodiment, mid-tower further includes that turnover panel drives
Dynamic motor (not shown), turnover panel driving motor are connected to safety reverse turning bed, and turnover panel driving motor driving safety reverse turning bed is being opened
It is rotated between position or closed position.In the illustrated embodiment, support pin 116, branch are additionally provided on middle standing pillar
The height when position of support pin 116 turns to open position with safety reverse turning bed 111 is corresponding.When safety reverse turning bed 111 turns to
When vertical open position, safety reverse turning bed abuts middle standing pillar, and support pin 116 supports simultaneously fixed safety reverse turning bed 111.
Top tower 104 is mounted on mid-tower 103, has transversal stabilizing mechanism in top tower 104.In diagram
In embodiment, top tower includes: four top upright posts and two release baffles 115.Under the bottom of four top upright posts passes through
Crossbeam is connected and fixed, and the top of four top upright posts is connected and fixed by upper beam.Pass through the connection of crossbeam, four top upright posts
Section formed rectangle.Each top upright post is connected with a middle standing pillar, size, shape and the position of top upright post with
Corresponding middle standing pillar is completely corresponding.It is disposed with guide rail on the medial angle of each top upright post, is total on four top upright posts
There are four guide rails for arrangement.The guide rail on guide rail and middle standing pillar on top upright post is wanted to connect, and forms continuous guide rail.In this way,
Guide rail on bottom column, middle standing pillar and top upright post connects mutually, is formed from bottom column and extends to top upright post
Strand guide.Refering to what is shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 discloses the top of the drop type impact test equipment of an embodiment according to the present invention
Portion's amplification assumption diagram.Mounting rail is housed, top mounting platform is collectively formed to have installed in upper beam and mounting rail between upper beam
Rise mechanism.Two release baffles 115 are located in two lateral planes of top upright post formation, and the position for discharging baffle 115 is high
In the position of lower beam.Transversal stabilizing mechanism is cross-tie 107, and one end of cross-tie 107 is mounted on upper beam, laterally
The other end of pull rod is fixed on vertical metope.As elucidated before, which is commonly held within room
It is inside tested, which is disposed close to the position of wall, the other end of cross-tie can be connected
It is connected on vertical metope.Cross-tie 107 will provide lateral pulling force, it is ensured that the stabilization of drop type impact test equipment transverse direction
Property.
Lifting mechanism is mounted in top tower 104.More specifically, lifting mechanism is mounted in top tower 104
On the mounting platform of top.Refering to what is shown in Fig. 2, lifting mechanism includes: hoist engine 106, pulley assembly, wirerope and rangefinder.Volume
It raises machine 106 to be mounted on the mounting platform of top, hoist engine is driven by motor.Pulley assembly includes horizontal trolley 161 and slides vertically
Wheel 162.Horizontal trolley 161 is opposite with the rope-out end of hoist engine 106, and horizontal trolley 161 is located at one end of top tower.It is vertical sliding
Wheel 162 is mounted on the middle part of top mounting platform, is mounted on mounting rail.One end of wirerope 163 is fixed on hoist engine 106
On, the other end of wirerope turns to lower section further around excessively vertical pulley around horizontal trolley, and is connected to component truss.Hoist engine is logical
Wirerope is crossed to lift by crane the frame component that spreads out.Rangefinder 105 is mounted on the mounting platform of top, and rangefinder 105 measures truss group
The height of part.In one embodiment, rangefinder 105 uses laser range finder.
Component truss 108 is lifted along bottom tower and mid-tower, is connected to lifting mechanism and is mounted to top tower
In.Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 disclose the mechanism for the frame component that spreads out.Wherein Fig. 3 discloses the drop type of an embodiment according to the present invention
The structure chart of component truss in impact test equipment, Fig. 4 disclose the structure chart of guiding trusses, and Fig. 5 discloses impact truss
Structure chart.Refering to what is shown in Fig. 3, component truss 108 includes guiding trusses 181 and impact truss 182, guiding trusses 181 are located at punching
The top of truss 182 is hit, guiding trusses 181 are connected by electromagnet with locking system with impact truss 182.Refering to what is shown in Fig. 4,
Electromagnet 183 is installed, the two sides of guiding trusses 181 have locking hole 184 in guiding trusses 181.Refering to what is shown in Fig. 5, impact
There is sucker 185, the position of sucker 185 is corresponding with the position of electromagnet 183 on truss 182.Impact the two sides tool of truss 182
There is push rod 186, the position of push rod 186 is corresponding with the position of locking hole 184.It is oriented to the frame 181 that spreads out and is connected to wirerope, hoist engine
The guiding frame that spreads out is sling by wirerope.Other than the test process of release impact head, guiding spreads out frame 181 and impact is spread out frame
182 are all to maintain actuation.Electromagnet is opened, and electromagnet adsorbs sucker, and guiding trusses and impact truss are attracted, push rod push-in
By guiding trusses and impact truss locking in locking hole.Test process in addition to discharging impact head, push rod should be always positioned at lock
Only by guiding trusses and impact truss locking in hole.Electromagnet should also be kept it turned on, it is ensured that guiding trusses and impact purlin
Frame is attracted.When needing to discharge impact head, push rod exits locking hole, and electromagnet is closed, and guiding trusses are separated with impact truss.Punching
Hit truss and can carry impact head and glide a distance along guide rail, the direction of impact head is guided, later again with impact head point
From impact head makees the movement of falling object.With reference to shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, divide on four angles of guiding trusses 181 and impact truss 182
Sliding block is not installed.It is wherein each fitted with a sliding block 187 on four angles that guiding spreads out frame 181, and is impacting the frame 182 that spreads out
Two sliding blocks 188 are respectively provided on four angles.Sliding block is matched with the guide rail being mounted in bottom tower, mid-tower and top tower
It closes, sliding block is moved along track, to guide to the moving direction for impacting spread out frame and impact head.In one embodiment, sliding block
It is upper that there is cushion, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) bed course.
Guide rail group includes four guide rails, and four guide rails as described above are by being respectively formed at bottom column, centre
Guide rail on column and top upright post is contiguously formed, and is become from bottom tower by mid-tower and is extended to the continuous of top tower
Guide rail.For connecting the pylon component formed by bottom tower, mid-tower and top tower chassis, four of guide rail group
Guide rail extends to the top of pylon component from the bottom of pylon component.Component truss is moved along guide rail group, leading in the frame component that spreads out
To spread out frame and impact spread out frame sliding block respectively with guide rail cooperate so that the frame component that spreads out is along guide rail displacement.
Release component 109 is mounted on the bottom of component truss, and more specifically, release component 109 is mounted in impact and spreads out
The bottom of frame.Impact head 110 is connected to release component 109, and release component is not opened, and impact head is mutually locked with release component.It releases
Component unlatching is put, impact head is separated with release component, and impact head is released, and impact head falls and impact test exemplar.Fig. 6 is disclosed
The structure chart of component is discharged in the drop type impact test equipment of an embodiment according to the present invention.Discharging component 109 includes:
Locking device 191, pulley blocks and wirerope, pendulum 193 and release touch panel 194.Locking device 191 is mounted on component truss,
More specifically it is mounted in the bottom for impacting the frame that spreads out.Locking device 191 is connected to impact head 110, and release component is not opened, locked
Determine device 191 and lock impact head 110, release component is opened, the unlock release impact head 110 of locking device 191.The pulley of pulley blocks
190, which are fixed on the impact in component truss by bracket 192, spreads out on frame, and wirerope is around the pulley 190 in pulley blocks, wirerope
It is connected between locking device 191 and pendulum 193.Pendulum 193 is rotatably installed on bracket 192.Fixed pendulum and fixed pulley
Bracket 192 be all to be fixed on the impact of component truss to spread out on frame.One end of pendulum 193 is connected to wirerope, pendulum 193 it is another
One end is connected to release touch panel 194.The both ends that touch panel 194 is located at release component are discharged, release touch panel 194 is matched with top tower
It closes, more particularly, release touch panel 194 is cooperated with the release baffle 115 in top tower.
Fig. 7 discloses the plan structure of locking device in the drop type impact test equipment of an embodiment according to the present invention
Figure.Locking device includes: frame 195, lock tongue 196 and self-locking mechanism.Frame 195 is made of two end plates and two blocks of side plates.Lock
Tongue 196 is mounted on the side plate of frame by spring 196b, and the front end of lock tongue 196 passes through side plate and enters lower portion, in bullet
Under the action of spring 196b, the front end of lock tongue 196 locks impact head 110, and the rear end of lock tongue 196 is connected to wirerope.Fig. 9 is disclosed
The structure chart of impact head in the drop type impact test equipment of an embodiment according to the present invention.Refering to what is shown in Fig. 9, impact head
110 top has connecting component 110a, has groove 110b on connecting component 110a.Groove 110b is located at connecting component 110a
Both sides, lock tongue 196 and groove 110b cooperate, and under the action of spring 196b, the front end of lock tongue 196 is inserted into groove 110b
Impact head is locked.Wirerope pulls lock tongue to retreat, and lock tongue 196 exits groove 110b, and impact head 110 is unlocked.Self-locking mechanism
Including self-locking grooves 197, from locking plate 198 and self-locking spring 199.Self-locking spring 199 is connected to lock tongue 196 and between locking plate 198,
After discharging the swing of touch panel 194, pendulum rotation is pulled, pendulum passes through wirerope and pulls lock tongue 196.Lock tongue is mobile, 110 quilt of impact head
Unlock release.Lock tongue 196 is pulled by self-locking spring 199 from locking plate 198, is divided into self-locking grooves 197 from locking plate 198 and is prevented lock tongue
It resets.Fig. 8 discloses the structure chart of self-locking mechanism in the drop type impact test equipment of an embodiment according to the present invention.With reference to
Shown in Fig. 8, self-locking grooves 197 are close to lock tongue 196, and in the illustrated embodiment, self-locking grooves 197 are tightly attached to the top of lock tongue 196.From
Locking plate 198 is angle bar, and the tail portion of angle bar is connected to lock tongue 196 by self-locking spring 199, and the head of angle bar 199 relies on frame
Side plate on.When lock tongue 196 locks impact head 110, the head of angle bar 198 is not entered in self-locking grooves 197, and angle bar is in incline
Ramp-like state.When lock tongue 196 is mobile, the tail portion of angle bar 198 is pulled by self-locking spring 199, angle bar 198 rotates, at this time angle bar 198
Head slide into self-locking grooves 197, angle bar is in a horizontal state, and angle bar withstands lock tongue 196, and lock tongue is prevented to reset.It is achieved in lock
It is self-locking after tongue unlock.
The course of work of drop type impact test equipment of the invention is as follows:
1, when not tested:
Spread out frame component, impact head is both placed on pedestal, the component not lifted in entire testing equipment, therefore is not deposited
In security risk.
2, impact head installation steps:
When needing to carry out impact test, the installation of impact head is first carried out.The installation process of impact head includes: that guiding is spread out frame
And the impact electromagnet between frame that spreads out is opened, frame actuation that guiding spreads out frame and impact is spread out.Guiding is spread out frame in push rod push-in locking hole
Spread out frame locking with impact.Hoist engine work, the frame component that will spread out are promoted to the position of auxiliary load carrier.As auxiliary load carrier
Turnover panel be turned to closed position, to spreading out, frame component is temporarily carried.After the frame component that will spread out is placed on turnover panel, it can close
Electromagnet works long hours to avoid electromagnet and overheats.Push rod and locking hole remain unchanged locking at this time, so guiding is spread out frame and
It impacts the frame that spreads out and remains connection.The height of auxiliary load carrier is just adapted to fit impact head, and impact head is installed to release
On component, i.e., using lock tongue by impact head locking on the locking apparatus.
3, tests exemplar installation steps:
After the installation is completed, electromagnet is again turned on impact head, frame actuation that guiding spreads out frame and impact is spread out.Hoist engine work, will
The frame component that spreads out is promoted to the position of safety protection mechanism.Safety reverse turning bed as safety protection mechanism is turned to closed position, right
The frame component that spreads out temporarily is carried.After the frame component that will spread out is placed on safety reverse turning bed, electromagnet can be closed to avoid electromagnet
It works long hours and overheats.Push rod and locking hole remain unchanged locking at this time, so guiding is spread out, frame and the impact frame that spreads out remain connection
's.The turnover panel of load carrier will be assisted to reset to open position, to vacate the working space of lower section.Staff enters lower section
Working space in tests exemplar is installed.At this point, the region in pylon framework is covered by safety reverse turning bed, therefore top
Inadvertently falling off for component can all be stopped by safety reverse turning bed, to ensure the safety of lower work personnel.Installing tests exemplar
Afterwards, it is also necessary to which buffer unit is loaded onto suitable position on pylon component, and the effect of buffer unit is to accept to impact the frame that spreads out.It is rushing
It hits after the frame that spreads out separates with impact head, impact head is fallen in a manner of freely falling body and impact test exemplar.But impact the frame needs that spread out
It is blocked, to place the impact frame that spreads out and also fall to bottom impact test exemplar.Buffer unit is for buffering and accepting rushing for whereabouts
Hit the frame that spreads out.In one embodiment, buffer unit is hydraulic damping device.The installation site of buffer unit is usually in bottom column
On frame, for example buffer unit may be mounted on the gate beam 114 of bottom tower.
4, test impact preparation process:
Test sample rack after the installation is completed, electromagnet is again turned on, frame actuation that guiding spreads out frame and impact is spread out.Hoist engine work,
The frame component that spreads out is promoted to the predetermined altitude to impact test.Whether the spread out height of frame component of stadia surveying reaches predetermined altitude.
After spreading out frame component raising in place, the safety reverse turning bed as safety protection mechanism is turned to open position, to vacate the logical of whereabouts
Road.After ready, push rod is released into locking hole, electromagnetic actuation is only relied between guiding spreads out frame and impact is spread out frame, prepares
It is discharged.
5, impact test process:
Start impact test, electromagnet power loss, frame separation that guiding spreads out frame and impact is spread out.Impact spread out frame carry release component and
Impact head declines under the effect of gravity.Due to the effect of sliding block and guide rail, impacting the frame that spreads out vertically is declined under the guidance of guide rail,
Think that impact head carries out direction guidance.During decline, when the release touch panel in release component touches in top tower
When discharging baffle, touch panel rotating opening under the action of discharging baffle is discharged, drives pendulum rotation.The rotation of pendulum pulls steel wire
Rope, so that lock tongue retreats unlock, impact head is released.At this point, impact head is unrestricted, under continuing in a manner of freely falling body
It falls.Lock tongue will not reset interference impact head under the action of self-locking device.The frame that spreads out is impacted then to be buffered and accepted by buffer unit.Such as
Described above, buffer unit can be hydraulic damping device, be mounted on the gate beam 114 of bottom tower.It rushes in this way
The frame that spreads out is hit not fall out to lower section and contact test exemplar.Later, impact head continues to fall in a manner of freely falling body, until hitting
To test sample rack to complete dropping shock test.The drop type impact test that Figure 11 discloses an embodiment according to the present invention is set
The schematic diagram of standby impact head impact tests exemplar.Figure 11 discloses the state of 110 impact test sample rack 113 of impact head.Scheming
In the embodiment shown, test sample rack 113 is the anti-collision beam and stringer of bumper.
Drop type impact test equipment of the invention is oriented to impact head using four rails, so that the falling process of impact head has
There is better stability, impact position is more accurate.Multiple turnover panels are provided on the testing equipment as safety protective mechanisms, it can
To be stopped when impact head surprisingly falls, security performance is substantially improved.The testing equipment is superimposed by multilayer pylon and is formed, can
Impact head is given rise to enough height, the effect of high-speed impact is simulated.
Above-described embodiment, which is available to, to be familiar with person in the art to realize or use the present invention, and is familiar with this field
Personnel can make various modifications or variation to above-described embodiment in the case where not departing from inventive concept, thus of the invention
Protection scope is not limited by above-described embodiment, and should be the maximum model for meeting the inventive features that claims are mentioned
It encloses.
Claims (16)
1. a kind of drop type impact test equipment characterized by comprising
Pylon component, pylon component are placed on the ground；
Lifting mechanism, lifting mechanism are mounted on pylon component；
Component truss, component truss are connected to lifting mechanism and are mounted in pylon component；
Guide rail group, guide rail group extend along pylon component, and component truss is moved along guide rail group；
Component is discharged, release component is mounted on the bottom of component truss, and impact head is connected to release component, and release component is not opened
It opens, impact head is mutually locked with release component, and release component is opened, and impact head is separated with release component, and impact head is released, impact
Head falls and impact test exemplar.
2. drop type impact test equipment as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
Pedestal, pedestal fix on the ground, and the pylon component is mounted on the base, and tests exemplar is also installed on pedestal.
3. drop type impact test equipment as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the pedestal is metal plate, metal plate
Bottom be equipped with damping device.
4. drop type impact test equipment as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pylon component includes:
Bottom tower, bottom tower are mounted on the base, and have auxiliary load carrier on bottom tower；
Mid-tower, mid-tower are mounted on bottom tower, have safety protection mechanism on mid-tower；
Top tower, top tower are mounted on mid-tower, have transversal stabilizing mechanism, the lifting mechanism in top tower
It is mounted in top tower.
5. drop type impact test equipment as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the bottom tower includes:
The bottom of four root bottom part columns, four root bottom part columns is mounted on the base, and the top of four root bottom part columns is connected by crossbeam
Fixation is connect, guide rail is arranged in each bottom column；
Two gate beams, in two lateral planes that bottom column is formed, each gate beam is connected to two foundation
Between portion's column；
The auxiliary load carrier is turnover panel, and turnover panel is mounted on gate beam, turnover panel be able to rotate to vertical open position or
The closed position of person's level.
6. drop type impact test equipment as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the mid-tower includes:
Four middle standing pillars, the bottom of four middle standing pillars are connected and fixed by lower beam, are passed through at the top of four middle standing pillars
Upper beam is connected and fixed, and guide rail is arranged on each middle standing pillar；
The safety protection mechanism is safety reverse turning bed, and safety reverse turning bed is mounted on lower beam, and safety reverse turning bed is able to rotate to vertical
Open position or the closed position of level, in the closed position of safety reverse turning bed, the both ends of safety reverse turning bed are extended beyond in four
Between column be formed by range.
7. drop type impact test equipment as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the mid-tower further includes that turnover panel drives
Dynamic motor, turnover panel driving motor are connected to safety reverse turning bed, and turnover panel driving motor drives safety reverse turning bed in open position or closing
It is rotated between position.
8. drop type impact test equipment as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the top tower includes:
Four top upright posts, the bottom of four top upright posts are connected and fixed by lower beam, are passed through at the top of four top upright posts
Upper beam is connected and fixed, and guide rail is arranged on each top upright post；
Mounting rail is housed, top mounting platform is collectively formed to install lifting machine in upper beam and mounting rail between the upper beam
Structure；
Two release baffles, in two lateral planes that top upright post is formed, the position for discharging baffle is higher than lower beam
Position；
The transversal stabilizing mechanism is cross-tie, and one end of cross-tie is mounted on upper beam, the other end of cross-tie
It is fixed on vertical metope.
9. drop type impact test equipment as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the lifting mechanism includes:
Hoist engine, hoist engine are mounted on the mounting platform of top, and hoist engine is driven by motor；
Pulley assembly, pulley assembly include horizontal trolley and vertical pulley, and horizontal trolley is opposite with the rope-out end of hoist engine, vertically
Pulley is mounted on the middle part of top mounting platform；
One end of wirerope, wirerope is fixed on hoist engine, and the other end of wirerope is around horizontal trolley further around excessively vertical sliding
Rotation downwards, and is connected to component truss；
Rangefinder, rangefinder are mounted on the mounting platform of top, the height of stadia surveying component truss.
10. drop type impact test equipment as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the component truss includes: guiding purlin
Frame and impact truss, guiding trusses are located at the top of impact truss, and guiding trusses and impact truss are filled by electromagnet and locking
Set connection.
11. drop type impact test equipment as claimed in claim 10, which is characterized in that
Electromagnet is installed, the two sides of guiding trusses have locking hole in the guiding trusses；
There is sucker, the position of sucker and the position of electromagnet are corresponding, and the two sides for impacting truss have on the impact truss
Push rod；
Electromagnet is opened, and electromagnet adsorbs sucker, and guiding trusses and impact truss are attracted, and push rod is pushed into locking hole will guiding
Truss and impact truss locking；
Push rod exits locking hole, and electromagnet is closed, and guiding trusses are separated with impact truss.
12. drop type impact test equipment as claimed in claim 10, which is characterized in that the guiding trusses and impact truss
Four angles on be separately installed with sliding block, the guide rail group on sliding block and pylon component cooperates, and sliding block is moved along guide rail group, the cunning
There is cushion on block.
13. drop type impact test equipment as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the guide rail group includes four guide rails,
Four guide rails extend to the top of pylon component from the bottom of pylon component.
14. drop type impact test equipment as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the release component includes:
Locking device, locking device are mounted on component truss, and locking device is connected to impact head, and release component is not opened, locked
Determine device locking impact head, release component is opened, locking device unlock release impact head；
Pulley blocks and wirerope, pulley blocks are fixed on component truss, and wirerope bypasses pulley blocks, are connected to locking device and pendulum
Between hammer；
Pendulum, pendulum are rotatably installed on bracket, and bracket is fixed on component truss, and one end of pendulum is connected to wirerope, pendulum
The other end of hammer is connected to release touch panel；
Touch panel is discharged, release touch panel is located at the both ends of release component, and release touch panel and top tower cooperate.
15. drop type impact test equipment as claimed in claim 14, which is characterized in that the locking device includes:
Frame, frame are made of two end plates and two blocks of side plates；
Lock tongue, lock tongue are mounted on side plate, and the front end of lock tongue passes through side plate and enters lower portion, and the front end of lock tongue is by impact head
Locking, the rear end of lock tongue is connected to wirerope；
Self-locking mechanism, including self-locking grooves, from locking plate and self-locking spring, self-locking spring is connected to lock tongue and between locking plate；
Pendulum rotation pulls lock tongue by wirerope, and lock tongue is mobile, and impact head is unlocked release, and lock tongue is drawn by self-locking spring
It moves from locking plate, is slid into self-locking grooves from locking plate and lock tongue is prevented to reset.
16. drop type impact test equipment as claimed in claim 15, which is characterized in that
The self-locking grooves are close to lock tongue；
Described from locking plate is angle bar, and the tail portion of angle bar is connected to lock tongue by self-locking spring, and the head of angle bar relies on side plate；
Lock tongue is mobile, and the tail portion of angle bar is pulled by self-locking spring, and the head of angle bar rotation, angle bar slides into self-locking grooves to withstand
Lock tongue prevents lock tongue from resetting.
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| CN201910062892.0A CN109556978B (en) | 2019-01-23 | 2019-01-23 | Drop-out impact test equipment |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910062892.0A CN109556978B (en) | 2019-01-23 | 2019-01-23 | Drop-out impact test equipment |
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| CN111896280A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2020-11-06 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Salt cavern storage interlayer block falling and settling characteristic experimental device and method |
| CN112525462A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-03-19 | 中国电子产品可靠性与环境试验研究所（（工业和信息化部电子第五研究所）（中国赛宝实验室）） | Drop test machine |
| CN116659886A (en) * | 2023-04-07 | 2023-08-29 | 襄阳达安汽车检测中心有限公司 | Commercial vehicle cab impact test equipment and test method thereof |
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