CN109556120B

CN109556120B - Garbage incinerator

Info

Publication number: CN109556120B
Application number: CN201811652741.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁海
Original assignee: Zhejiang Huayou Environmental Protection Industry Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Huayou Environmental Protection Industry Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-12-28
Filing date: 2018-12-28
Publication date: 2024-07-05
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-28
Also published as: CN109556120A

Abstract

The invention discloses a garbage incinerator, which comprises a furnace body and a feed inlet arranged above the furnace body, wherein an incineration cavity is arranged in the furnace body, the incinerator further comprises a combustion device and a smoke treatment pipeline, the combustion device is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, the feed inlet is communicated with the incineration cavity and forms a channel for supplying garbage to the incineration cavity, a separation arc plate is arranged at the lower end of the feed inlet, the separation arc plate divides the incineration cavity into a main combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber which are communicated with each other, the smoke treatment pipeline is communicated with the secondary combustion chamber, and a discharging mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the combustion device. The garbage incinerator provided by the invention can greatly improve the garbage burning rate and the garbage treatment efficiency, and directly and greatly reduce harmful substances and gases such as dioxin and the like generated by insufficient combustion in the burning stage, and has a simple and reliable structure.

Description

Garbage incinerator

[ Field of technology ]

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage disposal, in particular to a garbage incinerator.

[ Background Art ]

The problem of garbage disposal is always a serious environmental problem which is concerned worldwide, the traditional garbage disposal mode mainly comprises two modes of landfill and incineration, the landfill occupies a large amount of precious land resources and pollutes the environment, so that the simple disposal mode is basically not adopted any more, compared with the landfill disposal mode, garbage incineration is a better disposal mode, but most places now adopt direct opposite party incineration, and the pollution to the atmosphere is not ignored.

At present, the existing garbage incineration treatment has the following problems: most of construction sites of incineration plants should be in remote suburban areas, and household garbage generates a large amount of toxic gas and odor during incineration, so that the construction sites cause great harm to surrounding residents and the environment; the discharge of incineration waste gas, dioxin is the largest and most serious pollution source generated by garbage incineration; the burned residues are not properly disposed, and the pollution is more serious when the residues are discarded at will; refuse leachate and flushing wastewater generated by an incineration plant are not properly disposed of and can pollute water; the traditional reliable incineration and treatment technology has the disadvantages of high investment and high operation cost.

[ Invention ]

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the garbage incinerator, which can greatly improve the garbage burning rate and the garbage treatment efficiency, directly and greatly reduce harmful substances and gases such as dioxin and the like generated by insufficient combustion in the burning stage, and has a simple and reliable structure.

In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

The utility model provides a garbage incinerator, it includes the furnace body, be located the feed inlet of furnace body top, be equipped with in the furnace body and burn the chamber, burn the furnace still including burner, smog processing pipeline, burner is located the bottom of furnace body, the feed inlet with burn the chamber intercommunication and form the passageway to burning the chamber supply rubbish, the feed inlet lower extreme is provided with the separation arc board, the separation arc board will burn the chamber and cut apart into the main combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber of mutual intercommunication, smog processing pipeline is linked together with the secondary combustion chamber, burner lower extreme is provided with discharge mechanism.

The further proposal is that the furnace body is composed of an outer layer steel plate, an inner layer steel plate and fire-resistant heat-insulating bricks from outside to inside.

The combustion device comprises a combustion frame and a fluffing device arranged above the combustion frame, wherein a rotating device is arranged at the lower end of the fluffing device, and the rotating device controls the fluffing device to push and vibrate garbage.

In a further scheme, a fire grate is arranged below the combustion frame, and a plurality of burners are arranged on the fire grate.

Further, two sides of the furnace body, which are close to the secondary combustion chamber, are respectively provided with a secondary air inlet.

Further, one side of the furnace body, which is close to the main combustion chamber, is embedded with an observation window.

In a further proposal, a centrifugal fan with controllable blast volume is arranged in the smoke treatment pipeline.

In a further scheme, the feed inlet is of a conical funnel-shaped structure.

Therefore, the incinerator body adopts the upper feeding lower air inlet mode, the fluffer is rotationally assisted, garbage is fully combusted and mainly concentrated in the main combustion chamber for combustion, the separation arc plate can ensure that smoke is separated to the secondary combustion chamber on the outer wall side above the incinerator, when high-temperature combustion smoke passes through the secondary combustion chamber, the upper part of the incinerator is provided with the secondary air inlet, the high-temperature smoke can be subjected to secondary combustion, and substances such as dioxin and the like which cause serious important pollution to the atmosphere are directly decomposed at high temperature. Meanwhile, the flue gas guide pipeline part can support the flow guiding work of the burnt waste gas and smoke, and the post-treatment process is driven by a centrifugal fan, so that the combustion sufficiency and efficiency are greatly improved. Therefore, the incinerator can improve the burning rate and the treatment efficiency of the garbage, directly and greatly reduce harmful substances and gases generated by insufficient combustion in the incineration stage, improve the combustion effect and ensure that the garbage burns fully.

[ Description of the drawings ]

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the garbage incinerator of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a community garbage incineration system in an embodiment of the garbage incinerator according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a primary cooling dust remover of a community garbage incineration system in an embodiment of a garbage incinerator.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a secondary cooling dust remover of a community garbage incineration system in an embodiment of a garbage incinerator.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a centrifugal fan device of a community garbage incineration system in an embodiment of a garbage incinerator according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a water shower cooling device of a community garbage incineration system in an embodiment of a garbage incinerator according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of connection between a plasma ionization device and a discharge fan device of a community garbage incineration system in an embodiment of a garbage incinerator according to the present invention.

[ Detailed description ] of the invention

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the garbage incinerator 10 of the invention comprises a furnace body 11, a feed inlet 12 positioned above the furnace body 11, an incineration cavity is arranged in the furnace body 12, the incinerator 10 further comprises a combustion device and a smoke treatment pipeline 13, the combustion device is positioned at the bottom of the furnace body 11, the feed inlet 12 is communicated with the incineration cavity and forms a channel for supplying garbage to the incineration cavity, a separation arc plate 14 is arranged at the lower end of the feed inlet 12, the separation arc plate 14 divides the incineration cavity into a main combustion chamber 15 and a secondary combustion chamber 16 which are mutually communicated, the smoke treatment pipeline 13 is communicated with the secondary combustion chamber 16, and a discharge mechanism 17 is arranged at the lower end of the combustion device.

In the embodiment, the furnace body 11 is composed of an outer layer steel plate, an inner layer steel plate and a fireproof heat-insulating brick from outside to inside in sequence, wherein the fireproof heat-insulating brick can resist the high temperature of 1580 ℃ to 1770 ℃; the feeding port 12 adopts a long inverted cone funnel-shaped structure, so that garbage to be incinerated can smoothly enter, and the phenomenon of smoke overflow is avoided during combustion; a centrifugal fan with controllable blast volume is arranged in the smoke treatment pipeline 13, the smoke treatment pipeline 13 supports the flow guiding work of the burnt waste gas smoke, and the post-treatment process is driven by the centrifugal fan, so that the burning sufficiency and efficiency are greatly improved.

The combustion device comprises a combustion frame 181 and a fluffing device 182 arranged above the combustion frame 181, wherein a rotating device 183 is arranged at the lower end of the fluffing device 182, and the rotating device 183 controls the fluffing device 182 to push and vibrate garbage. As can be seen, the combustion device adopts a pagoda type design with an intermediate inclined angle of 30 degrees, adopts high-temperature resistant stainless steel 310S steel for welding, and is provided with a fluffy device 182 at the bottom during rotary combustion, so that the full combustion can be facilitated; the bottom combustion frame 181 adopts a net-shaped suspended layout, and is made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel 310S, so that the bottom can be ensured to have enough air inlet requirements during combustion, the high-temperature resistant combustion strength and temperature can be ensured, and the effect of direct incineration treatment of dioxin in an environment with the high temperature exceeding 800 ℃ is very good. Wherein, the fire grate is arranged below the combustion frame 181, and a plurality of burners are arranged on the fire grate. Garbage falls on the combustion frame 181 after entering from the feeding hole 12, and the garbage on the combustion frame 181 can be burned through a burner on the fire grate, so that the combustion effect can be improved, and the garbage is fully combusted.

In practical application, according to flame combustion characteristics, the central part is a fire center part, when the combustion is insufficient and other overflows, the fire center part can be separated by the separating arc plate 14, and the smoke treatment pipeline 14 is internally provided with a rotary centrifugal fan for assistance, so that the smoke is ensured to be separated to the secondary combustion chamber 16 on the upper outer wall side of the garbage incinerator 10. Specifically, the main combustion chamber 15 is located right above the combustion device, the garbage is mainly concentrated in the main combustion chamber 15 for combustion, the furnace body 11 adopts an upper feeding and lower air inlet mode, the fluffer 182 rotates to assist, and the combustion is full. The two sides of the furnace body 11, which are close to the secondary combustion chamber 16, are respectively provided with a secondary air inlet 19, when the high-temperature combustion smoke passes through the secondary combustion chamber 16, the upper part of the garbage incinerator 10 is provided with the secondary air inlet 19 for air inlet, so that the high-temperature smoke can be subjected to secondary combustion, the secondary combustion temperature is higher than 850 ℃, and substances such as dioxin and the like which cause serious and important pollution to the atmosphere can be directly decomposed at high temperature. At the same time, the fluffer 182 arranged on the combustion frame 181 rotates fluffy garbage, and ash falls to the inclined discharging mechanism 17 from the holes and gaps of the combustion frame due to the pushing and vibration of the device, and flows out of the furnace body 11 through the inclined plane of the discharging mechanism 17.

Preferably, an observation window 191 is embedded and installed on one side of the furnace body 11, which is close to the main combustion chamber 15, so that the observation of the condition inside the furnace body 11 is realized through the observation window 191, and the window can be opened to treat residues after the treatment is finished. The observation window 191 of the present embodiment is provided on the left side of the furnace body 11.

Therefore, the furnace body 11 of the incinerator provided by the invention adopts the upper feeding lower air intake mode, the fluffer 182 rotates to assist, the garbage is fully combusted, the garbage is mainly concentrated in the main combustion chamber 15 for combustion, the separation arc plate 14 can ensure that the smoke is separated to the secondary combustion chamber 16 on the outer wall side above the garbage incinerator 10, when the high-temperature combustion smoke passes through the secondary combustion chamber 16, the upper part of the garbage incinerator 10 is provided with the secondary air intake 19 for air intake, the high-temperature smoke can be secondarily combusted, and the substances such as dioxin and the like which cause serious important pollution to the atmosphere are directly decomposed at high temperature. Meanwhile, the flue gas guide pipeline part can support the flow guiding work of the burnt waste gas and smoke, and the post-treatment process is driven by a centrifugal fan, so that the combustion sufficiency and efficiency are greatly improved. Therefore, the incinerator can improve the burning rate and the treatment efficiency of the garbage, directly and greatly reduce harmful substances and gases generated by insufficient combustion in the incineration stage, improve the combustion effect and ensure that the garbage burns fully.

Referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment further provides a community garbage incineration system, which includes the garbage incinerator 10, the cooling and dedusting device 2, the cooling and purifying system 3, and the plurality of smoke pipe channels 100.

Wherein, cooling dust collector 2 includes cooling dust shaker 20 once, secondary cooling dust shaker 30, centrifugal fan device 40, and the air inlet and the smog processing pipeline 13 of cooling dust shaker 20 once are connected, and the gas outlet of cooling dust shaker 20 once is connected with the air inlet of secondary cooling dust shaker 30 through tobacco pipe passageway 100, and centrifugal fan device 40 is used for leading cooling clean system 3 with secondary cooling dust shaker 30 exhaust waste gas through tobacco pipe passageway 100. Wherein, the primary cooling dust remover 20 is used for carrying out primary dust removal cooling, the secondary cooling dust remover 30 is used for carrying out secondary cooling filtration on the waste gas after primary dust removal cooling, and the centrifugal fan device 40 is used for guiding the waste gas after secondary cooling filtration to the cooling purification system 3 through the smoke pipe channel 100.

Referring to fig. 3, the primary cooling dust collector 20 includes a primary cooling dust collector body, a first circulating water pump 21, a flashing 22, a gas-water channel 23, a diversion gate 24, a water baffle 25, an inspection gate 27, and a water tank 28 are disposed in the primary cooling dust collector body, the first circulating water pump 21 is connected with the gas-water channel 23, an overflow tank 26 is disposed above the flashing 22, and the water baffle 25 is disposed above the diversion gate 24. It can be seen that the residual flue gas after the efficient combustion of the garbage incinerator 10 enters the primary cooling dust remover 20 under the action of the centrifugal fan, and the first circulating water pump 21 generates a water curtain on the flashing plate 22 and a water curtain on the flat plate below the flow guide grid 24, so that the flue gas can be cooled for the first time, and the particle dust in the flue gas can be filtered and adsorbed for the first time.

Referring to fig. 4, the secondary cooling dust remover 30 includes a secondary cooling dust remover main body, a water supplementing tank 36 is arranged at the bottom of the secondary cooling dust remover main body, a second circulating water pump 31 is arranged at one side of the outer surface of the secondary cooling dust remover main body, a mist removing layer 32, a first packing layer 33 and a second packing layer 34 are sequentially arranged in the secondary cooling dust remover main body from top to bottom, a mist spraying water spraying structure 35 is arranged below the mist removing layer 32 and the first packing layer 33, and the second circulating water pump 31 is connected with the mist spraying water spraying structure 35. It can be seen that the flue gas of primary dust removal cooling enters into the secondary cooling dust remover 30 from the below under the drive of the centrifugal fan, and the secondary cooling dust remover 30 is divided into three layers of filter layers and a spray water shower structure 35, wherein the filter layers comprise high-temperature high-density sponge, activated carbon and high-temperature filter cotton, and the filter layers can forcefully remove dust particles, neutralize sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen chloride, heavy metal pollutants and carbon monoxide toxic substances and purify waste gas. Meanwhile, the water pump circulation system is arranged, so that water supply can be ensured, and the temperature can be reduced to a greater extent.

Referring to fig. 5, the centrifugal fan device 40 includes a centrifugal fan body, an air volume column 41 and a centrifugal fan 42, the air volume column 41 is located in the centrifugal fan body, the centrifugal fan 42 is located above the air volume column 41, an ash bucket box 43 is further disposed at the bottom of the centrifugal fan body, and a flue gas port 44 is disposed on the air volume column 41. Therefore, the smoke after the secondary cooling and filtering is sucked by the centrifugal fan 42 and enters the inside of the centrifugal fan main body in a vortex mode, the smoke is sucked out of the centrifugal fan 42 in a tangential mode after the smoke rotates around the air volume column 41 in the centrifugal fan main body, dust particles are acted on the peripheral inner wall of the centrifugal fan main body by tangential force in the rotating process and are influenced by the tangential force and gravity, and the dust falls into the ash bucket box 43 below to play a role of collecting and processing again.

In this embodiment, the cooling and purifying system 3 includes a water shower cooling device 50, a plasma ionization device 60, and a discharge fan device 70, where an air outlet of the water shower cooling device 50 is connected to an air inlet of the plasma ionization device 60 through a smoke tube channel 100, and an air outlet of the plasma ionization device 60 is connected to an air inlet of the discharge fan device 70.

Referring to fig. 6, the water shower cooling device 50 includes a water shower cooling device main body, a third circulating water pump 51, and a circulating water tank 54, a water inlet 52 is disposed above the water shower cooling device main body, the third circulating water pump 51 is connected with the water inlet 52, and a plurality of spray pipes 53 are disposed in the water shower cooling device main body at intervals. It can be seen that the water spray cooling device 50 adopts a plurality of pipelines for water spray, so that the temperature of the flue gas and the waste gas led by the centrifugal fan is reduced to 100 ℃ again when the flue gas and the waste gas pass through.

Referring to fig. 7, the plasma ionization device 60 includes a plasma ionization device body provided with a defogging layer structure, an adsorption layer structure, and a purification layer structure disposed between the defogging layer structure and the adsorption layer structure. In this embodiment, the demisting layer structure includes 4 demisting filter layers 61, the adsorption layer structure includes 2 adsorption layers 62, the purifying layer structure includes 2 purifying layers, and each purifying layer includes 3 plasma purifiers 63. It can be seen that the front part of the plasma ionization device 60 is provided with 4 demisting filter layers 61, which can remove fog, peculiar smell and residual harmful gas in the flue gas. After the flue gas reaches the purifying layer structure, the purifying space is vertically and parallelly provided with two rows of 6 plasma purifiers 63, so that residual waste gas, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and the like in the flue gas can be strongly ionized to become harmless substances of carbon and oxygen.

Wherein the exhaust fan device 70 includes an exhaust centrifugal fan 72 and an exhaust monitoring port 71, the exhaust centrifugal fan 72 being for guiding exhaust gas discharged from the gas outlet of the plasma ionization device 60 to the exhaust monitoring port 71. It can be seen that under the strong action of the discharge centrifugal fan 72, the flue gas and the exhaust gas are finally purified by each filtering system and each purifying system, and finally harmless tail gas is discharged from the discharge monitoring port 71.

In conclusion, the whole system device is quite reasonable in design, and the whole incineration process is from the beginning to exhaust emission, so that no pollution is caused to the environment and the air. The automatic reaction process obviously reduces the labor cost and time cost of garbage incineration and the subsequent treatment cost of waste gas, waste residue and the like, has strong equipment practicability, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, can bring huge social benefits, has ingenious structure, small occupied area and long service life, and is a practical and convenient garbage incineration system.

In specific application, the garbage incinerator 10 is internally provided with an incineration cavity, wherein bottom air intake is adopted in the incineration cavity, and combustion is assisted by the air suction of a centrifugal fan; the waste gas in the incineration cavity is subjected to cooling, filtering and adsorption of particulate matters, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen chloride, heavy metal pollutants, carbon monoxide and the like in the flue gas by the cooling and dust removing device 2, and is further purified and discharged by the cooling and purifying system 3. Wherein, the burning rate of the whole burning system is up to 95%, and the discharged gas is nontoxic and harmless and does not pollute the atmosphere.

Therefore, the community garbage incineration system provided by the invention has the advantages that garbage treatment is thorough, garbage combustion is complete, and slag can be discharged in time. The production of smoke quantity and pollutant emission in the smoke quantity are reduced, harmless incineration treatment of household garbage is realized, the smoke achieves the aim of secondary combustion, the burning rate and treatment efficiency of garbage incineration can be improved, dioxin, oxynitride, dust particles, sulfides and the like generated after incineration are effectively treated, the cost, labor cost and time cost of garbage transportation are greatly reduced, zero emission of waste gas is realized, pollution to the environment is avoided, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, huge social benefits can be brought, the structure is ingenious, the occupied area is small, and the garbage incineration system with long service life and convenience is provided.

It should be noted that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modifications made to the present invention by using the concept fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A garbage incinerator comprises a furnace body and a feed inlet arranged above the furnace body, wherein the furnace body is provided with a bottom plate and a top plate

The interior burning chamber that is equipped with, its characterized in that:

The incinerator further comprises a combustion device and a smoke treatment pipeline, the combustion device is positioned at the bottom of the incinerator body, the feed inlet is communicated with the incineration cavity and forms a channel for supplying garbage to the incineration cavity, a separation arc plate is arranged at the lower end of the feed inlet, the separation arc plate divides the incineration cavity into a main combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber which are communicated with each other, the smoke treatment pipeline is communicated with the secondary combustion chamber, and a discharging mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the combustion device;

the furnace body is composed of an outer layer steel plate, an inner layer steel plate and refractory heat insulating bricks from outside to inside in sequence;

the combustion device comprises a combustion frame and a fluffing device positioned above the combustion frame, wherein a rotating device is arranged at the lower end of the fluffing device, and the rotating device controls the fluffing device to push and vibrate garbage;

A fire grate is arranged below the combustion frame, and a plurality of burners are arranged on the fire grate;

The main combustion chamber is positioned right above the combustion device, garbage is mainly concentrated in the main combustion chamber for combustion, the furnace body adopts an upper feeding and lower air inlet mode, the fluffer is rotationally assisted, the combustion is full, and two sides of the furnace body, which are close to the secondary combustion chamber, are respectively provided with secondary air inlets; when the high-temperature combustion smoke passes through the secondary combustion chamber, the upper part of the garbage incinerator is provided with a secondary air inlet, so that the high-temperature smoke can be subjected to secondary combustion, the secondary combustion temperature is higher than 850 ℃, and substances such as dioxin and the like which cause serious important pollution to the atmosphere can be directly decomposed at high temperature; meanwhile, when the fluffer arranged on the combustion frame rotates fluffy garbage, ash falls to an inclined discharging mechanism from holes and gaps of the combustion frame due to pushing and vibration of the device and flows out of the furnace body through an inclined plane of the discharging mechanism;

The air inlet of the primary cooling dust remover is connected with the smoke treatment pipeline, the air outlet of the primary cooling dust remover is connected with the air inlet of the secondary cooling dust remover through the smoke pipe channel, and the centrifugal fan device is used for guiding exhaust gas discharged by the secondary cooling dust remover to the cooling purification system through the smoke pipe channel; the centrifugal fan device is used for guiding the waste gas after the secondary cooling filtration to the cooling purification system through a smoke pipe channel;

the cooling and purifying system comprises a water spray cooling device, a plasma ionization device and a discharge fan device, wherein an air outlet of the water spray cooling device is connected with an air inlet of the plasma ionization device through a smoke pipe channel, and an air outlet of the plasma ionization device is connected with an air inlet of the discharge fan device.

2. A waste incinerator according to claim 1, wherein: the furnace body is close to

And an observation window is embedded and installed on one side of the main combustion chamber.

3. A waste incinerator according to claim 1, wherein: and a centrifugal fan with controllable blast volume is arranged in the smoke treatment pipeline.

4. A waste incinerator according to claim 1, wherein: the feed inlet is

A conical funnel-shaped structure.