CN109555185A - A kind of solar energy intelligence passive type building system - Google Patents
A kind of solar energy intelligence passive type building system Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B1/00—Methods or layout of installations for water supply
- E03B1/04—Methods or layout of installations for water supply for domestic or like local supply
- E03B1/041—Greywater supply systems
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S11/00—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight
- F21S11/007—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight characterised by the means for transmitting light into the interior of a building
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/02—Roof ventilation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B1/00—Methods or layout of installations for water supply
- E03B1/04—Methods or layout of installations for water supply for domestic or like local supply
- E03B1/041—Greywater supply systems
- E03B2001/047—Greywater supply systems using rainwater
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of solar energy intelligence passive type building system, it is related to new energy house technical field, including one-way heat conduction heat-preserving wall, electric power energy mould group, ventilation heat exchange mould group and light-guide illumination mould group, the building of solar energy in local environment, wind energy and other renewable energy can be utilized to greatest extent by user situation, exterior wall, door and window and the roof of building respectively go along with sb. to guard him part and use heat-insulation and heat-preservation and one-way heat conduction Combination Design simultaneously, room temperature can be prevented to be affected by and acquire outdoor heat source, maintain the comfort of room temperature energy saving simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to new energy house technical fields, and in particular to a kind of solar energy intelligence passive type building system.
Background technique
Period in time immemorial, the mankind were in order to survive, and also for better reform of nature environment, resisted natural disasters and wild animal
Injury, invented house.With the progress of the technology of human sciences' building, house is by initial natural cavern to animal skin account
Paulin arrives log cabin, mud house, to miscellaneous local-style dwelling houses and splendid palace, then arrives multiple functional modern architecture.
Society flourishes now, is all high buildings and large mansions everywhere.With the development of science and technology, the architectural mode in house also becomes a variety of more
Sample.House has become an indispensable part in people's life.But as energy consumption big country, China 2015
Building energy consumption accounted for the 33.6% of total energy consumption, but with energy saving building, the proposition of the theories such as sustainable development, room
Room energy conservation technology is gradually concerned by people.
Since China is a developing country, populous, per capita energy's resource is relatively deficient.Per capita cultivated land only has generation
The 1/3 of boundary per capita cultivated land, water resource only have the 1/4 of world occupancy volume per person, and explored coal reserves only accounts for world saving
11%, crude oil accounts for 2.4%.The solid clay brick that annual new building uses, need to consume 120,000 mu of soil.Material consumption level compares hair
Up to country, steel are higher by 10%--25%, and every cubic meter of concrete is mostly used 80 kilograms of cement, and builds reusing sewage rate and be only
25%.National economy will realize sustainable development, and it is extremely urgent to carry out building energy conservation.
China's existing building area is 40,000,000,000 m2, the overwhelming majority is built for high energy consumption, and nearly 2,000,000,000 m of annual new building2,
Wherein 95% or more is still high energy consumption building.Only to year ends 2000, China builds the total 3.76 hundred million tons of marks of the year consumables energy
Quasi- coal accounts for the 27.6% of whole society's terminal total energy consumption, and the greenhouse gas emission in the whole nation " is contributed in the increase of energy for building
Rate " has had reached 25%.Because highly energy-consuming building ratio is big, single annual just more 18,000,000 tons of standard coal of consumptions in northern heating area,
Direct economic loss is up to 7,000,000,000 yuan, 520,000 tons of multiple rows of carbon dioxide.If this situation of leaving continues to develop, the year two thousand twenty is arrived, I
State's architectural energy consumption is up to 108,900,000,000 tons of standards；To the year two thousand twenty, it is full that air-conditioning summer peak load will be equivalent to 10 pipe of reinforced concrete at Three Gorges Power Station
Load-bearing capacity, this will be a very surprising quantity.Mega structure energy consumption has become the huge of the national economic development
Burden.Therefore it is more imperative to build energy conservation comprehensively.
Comprehensive building energy conservation is conducive to fundamentally promote energy resources saving and rationally utilize, and alleviates China's energy money
The contradiction of source supply and socio-economic development.The scheme of solution is in building plans and design, according to large-scale weather item
Part influences, and for specific environment climate characteristic locating for building itself, payes attention to utilizing natural environment (such as external air flow, rainwater, lake
Pool and greening, landform etc.) good architecture indoor micro climate is created, to reduce the dependence to Architectural Equipment to the greatest extent.
Traditional architecture concrete measure can be summarized as following three aspects: take reasonable external environment design, main method
To arrange trees, vegetation, the water surface, artificial hillock and enclosure wall around building；Rationally design building shape, including build the whole scale of construction and
The determination of building orientation, to improve existing micro climate；Reasonable design of architectural bodies is to make full use of the outdoor microenvironment of building
Improve the key component of architecture indoor microenvironment, main structure tectonic sieving and interior construction spacing by building each component
Reasonable compartmentalized design be achieved.Meanwhile it being optimized by related software.
Traditional ancient building, though the adobe house in the especially rural area northwest Deng Di, without aesthetic feeling of the design, summer and autumn, which are lived, to be experienced
Preferably.Main is exactly because used construction material is soil.Because the strength of materials is low so wall is made thick, thickness be can exceed that
Twice of common brick wall, the temperature that such thickness sun directly shines is difficult to reach interior in a short time, when external walls
Temperature has also been the time at dusk when very high, and the heat stored in night wall can be to indoor radiation, can be appropriate
The indoor temperature of maintenance, and the window in this house decreases scattering and disappearing for temperature because material cause will not be opened too big,
To reduce day and night temperature.However, daytime, indoor light was dim, and ventilation effect is not poor because door and window is smaller.In cold season
Section, it is necessary to rely on the actives such as stove fire heating measure to maintain room temperature.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned problem of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of solar energy intelligence passive type building system, energy
Enough utilize the building of solar energy in local environment, wind energy and other renewable energy to greatest extent by user situation, simultaneously
Part is respectively gone along with sb. to guard him using heat-insulation and heat-preservation and one-way heat conduction Combination Design in exterior wall, door and window and the roof of building, can prevent Indoor Temperature
Degree is affected by and acquires outdoor heat source, maintains the comfort of room temperature energy saving simultaneously.
Object of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a kind of solar energy intelligence passive type building system, packet
Include one-way heat conduction heat-preserving wall, electric power energy mould group, ventilation heat exchange mould group and light-guide illumination mould group；
One-way heat conduction heat-preserving wall includes exterior wall main body, heat insulation layer and thermal diode component, the heat insulation layer
It is installed on exterior wall main body outer layer and/or internal layer, the thermal diode component includes evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment, evaporator section
It is set on the outside of exterior wall main body, condensation segment is set on the inside of exterior wall main body, and adiabatic section is set to exterior wall main body and heat insulation layer
It is interior；
Electric power energy mould group includes solar battery, wind-driven generator and battery, the solar battery covering building
Top and south orientation wall, building top install wind-driven generator, and electric power energy mould group is taken by circuit and battery and indoor electric
Warm facility is connected；
Ventilation heat exchange mould group includes air inlet, bottom intake stack, exhaust outlet and top row air piping, and the bottom intake stack is set
It is placed in the bottom of building and air inlet is affixed with ground, top row air piping is set to the top of building and exhaust outlet is driveed in roof；
The turbid air of building top heat is discharged by stack effect for the ventilation heat exchange mould group, and bottom sucks cold fresh air, thus
Form natural convection ventilation；
Light-guide illumination mould group includes dome skylight, light pipe and diffusing device, and the dome skylight south orientation is set to building outdoor,
Guide light reflection layer is provided in the light pipe, the diffusing device is arranged in architecture indoor, especially by dome skylight collection room
Outer available light simultaneously imports light pipe and redistributes, by the diffusing device of bottom connection natural light after transmitting using light pipe
It disperses and is irradiated to interior.
Preferably, the thermal diode component is attached most importance to power formula thermal diode heat pipe, is only hot-fluid to be allowed to flow to indoor direction
It is dynamic, without the heat pipe for allowing to flow to opposite outdoor direction.Particularly preferably, the condensing agent included passes through gravitational field and acceleration
Condensation segment is flowed under the action of pressure difference, and is released heat in condensation segment and be condensed into liquid；Condensing agent liquid relies on gravity stream
Return evaporator section；Evaporation-condensation cycle is then proceeded to, so realizes transmitting and condensing agent working medium of the heat from evaporator section to condensation segment
Circulation in pipe.
It is furthermore preferred that one-way heat conduction heat-preserving wall further includes collecting plate and heat sink, several thermal diodes are placed in respectively
Between collecting plate and heat sink, wherein the transverse tube as evaporator section is fixed on the collecting plate for being coated with black coating, and as cold
The transverse tube of solidifying section is then fixed on heat sink, and the tipping tube both ends as adiabatic section pass through bulb and evaporator section transverse tube and cold respectively
Solidifying section transverse tube is hinged, to realize that the high and low position on vertical direction is adjusted.
During the cold season, the tipping tube tilt angle of adiabatic section is adjusted daytime, make the evaporator section at collecting plate lower than scattered
Condensation segment at hot plate is vaporized by heat outside condensing agent absorption chamber, and in condensation segment condensation heat, heat from outdoor band to
It is indoor；At night, adjusting tipping tube makes evaporator section be higher than condensation segment, and since room temperature is higher than outdoor, thermal diode is in reversed
Off state plays the role of heat rejection, prevents room temperature to scatter and disappear, to reduce indoor day and night temperature.
The heat insulation layer is preferably asbestos layer or flame-retardant expanded polymeric layer, more preferably resistance combustion polyurethane foam
Plate.
The exterior wall main body is preferably reinforced concrete structure, steel structure or glass fiber composite structure.
Preferably, solar battery is to have response to light and can convert light energy into the device of electric power, containing can generate light
Lie prostrate at least one of the material, including monocrystalline silicon, polysilicon, amorphous silicon, GaAs, selenium indium copper of effect.Each material power generation is former
It manages essentially identical.In single crystal silicon solar cell, P-type crystal silicon can obtain N-type silicon through overdoping phosphorus, form P-N junction；When light shines
When penetrating solar battery surface, a part of photon is absorbed by silicon materials, and the energy transmission of photon has given silicon atom, and electronics has occurred
Transition, becomes free electron and gathers in P-N junction two sides and form potential difference；When circuit is connected in outside, in the effect of the voltage
Under, it will there is electric current to flow through external circuit and generates certain output power.The essence of this process is that photon energy is converted into electricity
The process of energy.Therefore, solar panel is that solar radiant energy is passed through photoelectric effect or photochemistry by absorbing sunlight
Effect is converted directly or indirectly into the device of electric energy, the solar battery category for common batteries and recyclable rechargeable battery
In the green product of more energy efficient environmental protection.
Solar panel is laid on roof, the energy but also block sunlight can be obtained by illumination to the straight of building
Penetrating reduces building temperature, kills two birds with one stone.By working principle it is recognised that single solar battery be illuminated by the light the influence of condition compared with
Greatly, generating efficiency is low when cloudy day or illumination are bad.In order to solve this problem wind-driven generator is needed to match, as auxiliary
Energy sources, and pass through battery stores electricity energy.When illumination is good, solar battery electric energy more than needed is stored in battery, is had
The weather wind-driven generator work of wind generates electricity, only when illumination is bad while the time of wind does not just utilize accumulator electric-quantity
Power supply.Conventional commercialization wind-driven generator and battery can be used specifically to implement in the present invention.
Wind-driven generator is to convert wind energy into mechanical work, and mechanical work drives rotor rotation, the electricity of final output alternating current
Power equipment.Wind-driven generator is by wind wheel, generator, empennage direction-regulator, pylon, speed-limiting safety mechanism and each component groups of energy storage device
At.The working principle of wind-driven generator is that wind wheel rotates under the action of the forces of the wind, and the kinetic energy kept watch is changed into the machinery of rotor shaft
Can, generator rotary electrification under the drive of rotor shaft.In a broad sense, wind energy is also the secondary energy sources of solar energy, so can also
It is one kind using the sun as heat source, using atmosphere as the thermal power generator of working media to say wind-driven generator.
Battery is a kind of device that chemical energy is directly translated into electric energy, is the battery designed by rechargeable, passes through
Reversible chemical reaction realization recharges, and typically refers to lead-acid accumulator, it is one of battery, belongs to secondary cell.It
Working principle: regenerate internal active material using external electric energy when charging, electric energy be stored as chemical energy, needs to discharge
Chemical energy is converted to common battery of mobile phone etc. in power output, such as life by Shi Zaici.
Preferably, the ventilation heat exchange mould group further includes exhaust piping and heat exchanger, and the exhaust piping passes through heat exchanger
It is mutually wound with intake stack, waste-gas heat to be discharged in exhaust piping is transferred to air inlet air.The exhaust piping preferably wraps
Include kitchen exhaust pipeline, toilet exhaust pipe and dining room exhaust pipe.
The stack effect is the gravity-flow ventilation that building is realized using the hot pressing difference of building interior air, specific to utilize heat
The principle that air rises, the exhaust outlet set by building top by dirty hot-air from indoor discharge, and it is outdoor fresh cold
Air is then inhaled into from the air inlet of construction bottom.Heat exchanger is for making heat be transmitted to cold fluid from hot fluid, to meet
The device that defined technique requires, is the industrial application of convective heat transfer and heat transfer.
The light-guide illumination mould group is a set of acquisition natural light, and is transferred to interior through pipeline, carries out natural light illumination
Lighting system can use sunlight progress using the present invention building of this system as a kind of no electric lighting system daytime
Room lighting；From dawn till dusk, or even it is cloudy, it is still very sufficient that indoor daylight illumination light is imported through light pipe.
It further, further include rainwater recycle component, rainwater recycle component includes accumulator tank, underground conservation pool and water supply
Pump, accumulator tank are set to eaves and remove, and are connected to by pipeline with underground conservation pool, and underground conservation pool is by water supply pump into building
It supplies water.Structure design accumulator tank at eaves of the invention with reference to southern local-style dwelling houses courtyard collects sleet, and roof and courtyard are rained
It is collected by pipeline and is recycled by impurity elimination, by pumping the daily undrinkable water for filtering and being used as usually, reduced
Consumption to tap water.
It further, further include AR modelling component, the AR modelling component includes AR display module and AR memory module,
The modeling of the architectural design same period at initial stage makes and introduces, and the pipeline of whole building, route, structure and component information are imported AR storage
Module；By AR display module it can be seen that the inside concealed structure and installing component at each position in house in building use process
Details, show the pipeline connection status in each position.
The AR modelling component can be convenient for the care and maintenance in later period house.For example, wanting to squeeze into one on wall
Nail can clearly be understood in this region either with or without facilities such as pipeline, routes by AR glasses, prevent the portion to house
Part damages.For another example by AR glasses it can be found that whether the sealing ring in pipeline has arrived the service life time limit, and carries out
Corresponding replacement, avoids unnecessary loss caused by the omission gone along with sb. to guard him.
Resultant effect brought by the present invention include: integrated use wall thermal insulating of the present invention, one-way heat conduction, stack effect and
Light-guide illumination technology reduces energy loss by improving the thermal requirements of building, utilizes traditional adobe house advantage；And it utilizes
Gravity-flow ventilation maintains suitable environment temperature to reduce the degree of dependence to air-conditioning, uses energy-saving glass window, photoconductive tube etc. to carry out
In the daytime room lighting saves lighting the energy, solves the problems, such as that the ventilation of traditional architecture daylighting difficulty is poor, while passively maintaining room temperature；Make
Use renewable solar wind-energy as the substitution of fossil energy, and as the ambient-temperature compensation energy；Increase rain water collecting system, sufficiently
Using precipitation, domestic water is used as after being processed to；Introduce AR technology, with the design of building, construct and go along with sb. to guard him associated, accomplish
User's whole process in the service life of whole building, which may participate in, would know that relevant information data, and user is allowed conveniently to feel at ease
And maintenance easy to repair.The present invention realizes the environmentally protective and intelligent heating of passive type building, on the energy it is basic it is self-supporting from
Foot, will minimize the influence of environment, people can interact understanding with building.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural block diagram of solar energy intelligence passive type building system of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the one-way heat conduction heat-insulating wall structure block diagram of solar energy intelligence passive type building system of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that the one-way heat conduction heat-preserving wall cross section structure of solar energy intelligence passive type building system of the embodiment of the present invention shows
It is intended to.
Fig. 4 is the electric power energy modular structure block diagram of solar energy intelligence passive type building system of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the ventilation heat exchange modular structure block diagram of solar energy intelligence passive type building system of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the light-guide illumination modular structure block diagram of solar energy intelligence passive type building system of the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, the identical appended drawing reference of identical component in the accompanying drawings；The attached drawing is not drawn according to the actual ratio.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment
A kind of solar energy intelligence passive type building system, as shown in Figure 1, including one-way heat conduction heat-preserving wall, electric power energy
Mould group, ventilation heat exchange mould group and light-guide illumination mould group；
As Figure 2-3, one-way heat conduction heat-preserving wall includes exterior wall main body 1, heat insulation layer 2 and thermal diode component 3,
The heat insulation layer 2 is installed on exterior wall main body outer layer and internal layer, and the thermal diode component 3 includes evaporator section 31, adiabatic section
32 and condensation segment 33, evaporator section 31 is set to 1 outside of exterior wall main body, and condensation segment 33 is set to 1 inside of exterior wall main body, adiabatic section 32
It is set in exterior wall main body 1 and heat insulation layer 2；
Electric power energy mould group includes solar battery, wind-driven generator and battery, the solar battery covering building
Top and south orientation wall, building top install wind-driven generator, and electric power energy mould group is taken by circuit and battery and indoor electric
Warm facility is connected；
Ventilation heat exchange mould group includes air inlet, bottom intake stack, exhaust outlet and top row air piping, and the bottom intake stack is set
It is placed in the bottom of building and air inlet is affixed with ground, top row air piping is set to the top of building and exhaust outlet is driveed in roof；
The turbid air of building top heat is discharged by stack effect for the ventilation heat exchange mould group, and bottom sucks cold fresh air, thus
Form natural convection ventilation；
Light-guide illumination mould group includes dome skylight, light pipe and diffusing device, and the dome skylight south orientation is set to building outdoor,
Guide light reflection layer is provided in the light pipe, the diffusing device is arranged in architecture indoor, especially by dome skylight collection room
Outer available light simultaneously imports light pipe and redistributes, by the diffusing device of bottom connection natural light after transmitting using light pipe
It disperses and is irradiated to interior.
The thermal diode component is attached most importance to power formula thermal diode heat pipe, is only hot-fluid to be allowed to flow to indoor direction, without
Allow the heat pipe flowed to opposite outdoor direction.Specifically, the effect that the condensing agent included passes through gravitational field and acceleration pressure difference
Under flow to condensation segment, and release heat in condensation segment and be condensed into liquid；Condensing agent liquid flows back to evaporator section by gravity；So
After continue evaporation-condensation cycle, so realize transmitting and condensing agent working medium following pipe in of the heat from evaporator section to condensation segment
Ring.
One-way heat conduction heat-preserving wall further includes collecting plate 4 and heat sink 5, and several thermal diodes 3 are placed in collecting plate 4 respectively
Between heat sink 5, wherein the transverse tube as evaporator section 31 is fixed on the collecting plate 4 for being coated with black coating, and as condensation
The transverse tube of section 33 is then fixed on heat sink 5, and the tipping tube both ends as adiabatic section 32 pass through bulb respectively and evaporator section 31 is horizontal
Pipe and 33 transverse tube of condensation segment are hinged, to realize that the high and low position on vertical direction is adjusted.
During the cold season, daytime makes at collecting plate 4 as shown in figure 3, adjusting the tipping tube tilt angle of adiabatic section
Evaporator section 31 is vaporized lower than the condensation segment 33 at heat sink 5 by heat outside condensing agent absorption chamber, and is put in the condensation of condensation segment 33
Heat, heat from outdoor band to interior；At night, adjusting tipping tube makes evaporator section 31 be higher than condensation segment 33, due to room temperature height
In outdoor, thermal diode 3 is in reverse blocking state, plays the role of heat rejection, prevents room temperature to scatter and disappear, to reduce interior
Day and night temperature.
The heat insulation layer 2 is flame-retardant expanded polymeric layer, specially resistance combustion polyurethane foam plate.
The exterior wall main body 1 is reinforced concrete structure.
Solar battery is to have response to light and can convert light energy into the device of electric power, containing can generate photovoltaic effect
At least one of material, including monocrystalline silicon, polysilicon, amorphous silicon, GaAs, selenium indium copper.Each basic phase of material electricity generating principle
Together.In single crystal silicon solar cell, P-type crystal silicon can obtain N-type silicon through overdoping phosphorus, form P-N junction；When light irradiation sun electricity
When pool surface, a part of photon is absorbed by silicon materials, and the energy transmission of photon has given silicon atom, makes electronics that transition have occurred, at
Gather for free electron in P-N junction two sides and forms potential difference；When circuit is connected in outside, under the action of the voltage, it will
There is electric current to flow through external circuit and generates certain output power.The essence of this process is the mistake that photon energy is converted into electric energy
Journey.Therefore, solar panel is that solar radiant energy is passed through photoelectric effect or photochemical effect is straight by absorbing sunlight
It connects or indirect conversion is at the device of electric energy, solar battery, which belongs to, for common batteries and recyclable rechargeable battery more saves
The green product of energy environmental protection.
Solar panel is laid on roof, the energy but also block sunlight can be obtained by illumination to the straight of building
Penetrating reduces building temperature, kills two birds with one stone.By working principle it is recognised that single solar battery be illuminated by the light the influence of condition compared with
Greatly, generating efficiency is low when cloudy day or illumination are bad.In order to solve this problem wind-driven generator is needed to match, as auxiliary
Energy sources, and pass through battery stores electricity energy.When illumination is good, solar battery electric energy more than needed is stored in battery, is had
The weather wind-driven generator work of wind generates electricity, only when illumination is bad while the time of wind does not just utilize accumulator electric-quantity
Power supply.Conventional commercialization wind-driven generator and battery can be used specifically to implement in the present invention.
Wind-driven generator is to convert wind energy into mechanical work, and mechanical work drives rotor rotation, the electricity of final output alternating current
Power equipment.Wind-driven generator is by wind wheel, generator, empennage direction-regulator, pylon, speed-limiting safety mechanism and each component groups of energy storage device
At.The working principle of wind-driven generator is that wind wheel rotates under the action of the forces of the wind, and the kinetic energy kept watch is changed into the machinery of rotor shaft
Can, generator rotary electrification under the drive of rotor shaft.In a broad sense, wind energy is also the secondary energy sources of solar energy, so can also
It is one kind using the sun as heat source, using atmosphere as the thermal power generator of working media to say wind-driven generator.
Battery is a kind of device that chemical energy is directly translated into electric energy, is the battery designed by rechargeable, passes through
Reversible chemical reaction realization recharges, and typically refers to lead-acid accumulator, it is one of battery, belongs to secondary cell.It
Working principle: regenerate internal active material using external electric energy when charging, electric energy be stored as chemical energy, needs to discharge
Chemical energy is converted to common battery of mobile phone etc. in power output, such as life by Shi Zaici.
The ventilation heat exchange mould group further includes exhaust piping and heat exchanger, and the exhaust piping passes through heat exchanger and blast pipe
Road is mutually wound, and waste-gas heat to be discharged in exhaust piping is transferred to air inlet air.The exhaust piping includes kitchen exhaust pipe
Road, toilet exhaust pipe and dining room exhaust pipe.
The stack effect is exactly the gravity-flow ventilation that building is realized using the hot pressing difference of building interior air, specific to utilize
The principle that hot-air rises is building exhaust outlet set by top for dirty hot-air from indoor discharge, and outdoor is fresh
Cold air is then inhaled into from the air inlet of construction bottom.Heat exchanger is for making heat be transmitted to cold fluid from hot fluid, with full
The device that technique as defined in foot requires, is the industrial application of convective heat transfer and heat transfer.
The light-guide illumination mould group is a set of acquisition natural light, and is transferred to interior through pipeline, carries out natural light illumination
Lighting system can use sunlight progress using the present invention building of this system as a kind of no electric lighting system daytime
Room lighting；From dawn till dusk, or even it is cloudy, it is still very sufficient that indoor daylight illumination light is imported through light pipe.
It further, further include rainwater recycle component, rainwater recycle component includes accumulator tank, underground conservation pool and water supply
Pump, accumulator tank are set to eaves and remove, and are connected to by pipeline with underground conservation pool, and underground conservation pool is by water supply pump into building
It supplies water.Structure design accumulator tank at eaves of the invention with reference to southern local-style dwelling houses courtyard collects sleet, and roof and courtyard are rained
It is collected by pipeline and is recycled by impurity elimination, by pumping the daily undrinkable water for filtering and being used as usually, reduced
Consumption to tap water.
It further, further include AR modelling component, the AR modelling component includes AR display module and AR memory module,
The modeling of the architectural design same period at initial stage makes and introduces, and the pipeline of whole building, route, structure and component information are imported AR storage
Module；By AR display module it can be seen that the inside concealed structure and installing component at each position in house in building use process
Details, show the pipeline connection status in each position.
The AR modelling component can be convenient for the care and maintenance in later period house.For example, wanting to squeeze into one on wall
Nail can clearly be understood in this region either with or without facilities such as pipeline, routes by AR glasses, prevent the portion to house
Part damages.For another example by AR glasses it can be found that whether the sealing ring in pipeline has arrived the service life time limit, and carries out
Corresponding replacement, avoids unnecessary loss caused by the omission gone along with sb. to guard him.
Above with reference to preferred embodiment, invention has been described, but protection scope of the present invention is not restricted to
This, any all technical solutions fallen within the scope of the appended claims are within the scope of the invention.This hair is not being departed from
In the case where bright range, various improvement can be carried out to it and can replace component therein with equivalent.Especially, only
Otherwise there are structural conflict, items technical characteristic mentioned in the various embodiments be can be combined in any way.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of solar energy intelligence passive type building system, which is characterized in that a kind of solar energy intelligence passive type building system, packet
Include one-way heat conduction heat-preserving wall, electric power energy mould group, ventilation heat exchange mould group and light-guide illumination mould group；
One-way heat conduction heat-preserving wall includes exterior wall main body, heat insulation layer and thermal diode component, the heat insulation layer installation
In exterior wall main body outer layer and/or internal layer, the thermal diode component includes evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment, evaporator section setting
On the outside of exterior wall main body, condensation segment is set on the inside of exterior wall main body, and adiabatic section is set in exterior wall main body and heat insulation layer；
Electric power energy mould group includes solar battery, wind-driven generator and battery, and the solar battery covers building top
With south orientation wall, building top installs wind-driven generator, and electric power energy mould group is set by circuit and battery and indoor electric heating
It applies connected；
Ventilation heat exchange mould group includes air inlet, bottom intake stack, exhaust outlet and top row air piping, and the bottom intake stack is set to
The bottom of building and air inlet is affixed with ground, top row air piping is set to the top of building and exhaust outlet is driveed in roof；It is described
The turbid air of building top heat is discharged by stack effect for ventilation heat exchange mould group, and bottom sucks cold fresh air, to be formed
Natural convection ventilation；
Light-guide illumination mould group includes dome skylight, light pipe and diffusing device, and the dome skylight south orientation is set to building outdoor, described
Guide light reflection layer is provided in light pipe, the diffusing device is arranged in architecture indoor, especially by outside dome skylight collection room from
Right light simultaneously imports light pipe and redistributes, and natural light is dispersed by the diffusing device that bottom connects after transmitting using light pipe
It is irradiated to interior.
2. solar energy intelligence passive type building system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thermal diode component
It is only hot-fluid to be allowed to flow to indoor direction, without allowing to flow to opposite outdoor direction for gravity type thermal diode heat pipe
Heat pipe；
Particularly preferably, the condensing agent included is by gravitational field and accelerates to flow to condensation segment under the action of pressure difference, and in condensation segment
It releases heat and is condensed into liquid；Condensing agent liquid flows back to evaporator section by gravity；Evaporation-condensation cycle is then proceeded to, such as
This realizes transmitting and condensing agent working medium circulation pipe in of the heat from evaporator section to condensation segment.
3. solar energy intelligence passive type building system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that one-way heat conduction heat-preserving wall
It further include collecting plate and heat sink, several thermal diodes are placed between collecting plate and heat sink respectively, wherein being used as evaporator section
Transverse tube be fixed on the collecting plate for being coated with black coating, and the transverse tube as condensation segment is then fixed on heat sink, as exhausted
The tipping tube both ends of hot arc pass through bulb respectively and evaporator section transverse tube and condensation segment transverse tube are hinged, to realize the height on vertical direction
Lower position is adjusted.
4. solar energy intelligence passive type building system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the heat insulation layer is
Asbestos layer or flame-retardant expanded polymeric layer, preferably resistance combustion polyurethane foam plate, the exterior wall main body is preferably armored concrete
Structure, steel structure or glass fiber composite structure.
5. solar energy intelligence passive type building system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that solar battery is to light
Have response and the device of electric power can be converted light energy into, containing the material that can generate photovoltaic effect, including monocrystalline silicon, polysilicon,
At least one of amorphous silicon, GaAs, selenium indium copper.
6. solar energy intelligence passive type building system according to any one of claims 1-5, which is characterized in that described logical
It further includes exhaust piping and heat exchanger that wind, which changes thermal module, and the exhaust piping is mutually wound with intake stack by heat exchanger, will be given up
Waste-gas heat to be discharged is transferred to air inlet air in feed channel, and the exhaust piping preferably includes kitchen exhaust pipeline, toilet
Exhaust pipe and dining room exhaust pipe.
7. solar energy intelligence passive type building system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the stack effect is benefit
The gravity-flow ventilation of building is realized with the hot pressing difference of building interior air, the specific principle risen using hot-air, in building
Exhaust outlet set by portion is by dirty hot-air from indoor discharge, and outdoor fresh cold air is then from the air inlet of construction bottom
It is inhaled into.
8. solar energy intelligence passive type building system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it further includes rainwater recycle
Component, rainwater recycle component include accumulator tank, underground conservation pool and water supply pump, and accumulator tank is set to eaves and removes, and passes through pipeline
It is connected to underground conservation pool, underground conservation pool is supplied water by water supply pump into building.
9. solar energy intelligence passive type building system according to claim 8, which is characterized in that refer to south at its eaves
The structure design accumulator tank of local-style dwelling houses courtyard collects sleet, and roof and courtyard are rained to collect by pipeline carries out by impurity elimination
Recovery processing reduces the consumption to tap water by pumping the daily undrinkable water for filtering and being used as usually.
10. solar energy intelligence passive type building system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it further includes that rainwater returns
Component is received, further includes AR modelling component, the AR modelling component includes AR display module and AR memory module, in architectural design
The modeling of the same period at initial stage makes and introduces, and the pipeline of whole building, route, structure and component information are imported AR memory module；?
Build use process in pass through AR display module it can be seen that each position in house inside concealed structure and installing component it is detailed
Information shows the pipeline connection status in each position.
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Application publication date: 20190402 |