CN109546984A - Microwave absorption formula limiter - Google Patents
Microwave absorption formula limiter Download PDFInfo
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- CN109546984A CN109546984A CN201811352169.8A CN201811352169A CN109546984A CN 109546984 A CN109546984 A CN 109546984A CN 201811352169 A CN201811352169 A CN 201811352169A CN 109546984 A CN109546984 A CN 109546984A
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005036 potential barrier Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
- H03G11/00—Limiting amplitude; Limiting rate of change of amplitude ; Clipping in general
- H03G11/02—Limiting amplitude; Limiting rate of change of amplitude ; Clipping in general by means of diodes
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- Tone Control, Compression And Expansion, Limiting Amplitude (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses microwave absorption formula limiter, including microwave signal transmission line and the first capacitor device being connected on the microwave signal transmission line, it further include the coupling detection network and clipping network being connect with the microwave signal transmission line, the first capacitor device, coupling detection network and clipping network are successively successively set between the input terminal and output end of the microwave signal transmission line, wherein, PIN limiter diode is provided in the clipping network, the coupling detection network exports direct current signal, the direct current signal is used to control the on or off of the PIN limiter diode.The 3dB electric bridge that the present invention does not use conventional suction formula limiter to use, can be lost to avoid electric bridge, can also reduce Volume Loss.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microwave clipping fields, and in particular to a kind of microwave absorption formula limiter.
Background technique
Microwave limiter is widely used in radar receiver as a kind of important microwave controller, is commonly used to
Power sensitive element is protected, for example is used to protect them to be believed by high power before being mounted on low-noise amplifier and/frequency mixer
It number burns, the mechanism of action is mainly the non-linear amplitude limiting characteristic for utilizing microwave semiconductor diode, such as: (1) rectified action,
Such as Schottky barrier diode；(2) capacitance with voltage variation characteristic, such as varactor；(3) adjustment of radio frequency conductivity is made
With such as PIN diode.Limiter mainly has reflective and absorption two types, and reflective limiter is mainly high-power letter
Number invasion when by reflected input power and complete clipping effect, circuit is in mismatch Conditions at this time, and in certain situations
Under, it is not allow for big reflection power and exists, such situation can use absorption limiter.
Existing absorption limiter adds PIN diode using 3dB electric bridge, due to introducing 3dB electric bridge, keeps circuit attached
Electric bridge loss and Volume Loss are added.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of microwave absorption formula limiter, the microwave absorption formula limiter is by coupling detection
Network and clipping network form, and PIN diode leads in the direct-flow output signal control clipping network by coupling detection network
Logical or cut-off, to realize clipping function, since this programme does not use 3dB electric bridge, can be lost to avoid electric bridge, can also be with
Reduce Volume Loss.This programme is realized by following technological means:
Microwave absorption formula limiter, including microwave signal transmission line and be connected on the microwave signal transmission line the
One capacitor further includes the coupling detection network and clipping network connecting with the microwave signal transmission line, the first capacitor
Device, coupling detection network and clipping network be successively successively set on the microwave signal transmission line input terminal and output end it
Between, wherein PIN limiter diode is provided in the clipping network, the coupling detection network exports direct current signal, described
Direct current signal is used to control the on or off of the PIN limiter diode.
Further, the coupling detection network includes directional coupler, and the direct-through line of the directional coupler is connected on
On microwave signal transmission line, the coupling line output terminal of the directional coupler passes through sequentially connected detector arrangement and filtering dress
It sets and is connect with the microwave signal transmission line, the coupling line of the directional coupler passes through first with respect to the other end of output end
Resistance-grounded system, wherein the tie point of the filter and the microwave signal transmission line is located at the directional coupler
Direct-through line output end, the filter export the direct current signal.
Further, the detector arrangement includes detector diode, anode and the orientation coupling of the detector diode
Clutch connection, the cathode of the detector diode are connect with the filter.
Further, the filter includes sequentially connected first inductor and the second inductor, first electricity
The opposite other end for connecting second inductor of sensor is connect with the detector arrangement, and second inductor is opposite to be connected
The other end of first inductor is connect with the microwave signal transmission line, the first inductor connection second electricity
One end of sensor passes through the second capacitor grounding.
Further, the clipping network includes the n grades of clipping units being connected in parallel on the microwave signal transmission line, often
The grade clipping unit is provided with PIN limiter diode, wherein first order clipping unit close to the coupling detection network,
Output end of n-th grade of clipping unit close to the microwave signal transmission line.
Further, the first order clipping unit includes the first PIN limiter diode, second resistor and third electricity
The anode of sensor, the first PIN limiter diode is connect with the microwave signal transmission line, two pole of the first PIN clipping
The cathode of pipe is connect with one end of the second resistor and third inductor simultaneously, the second resistor and third inductance
The other end of device is grounded.
Further, j-th stage clipping unit includes jth PIN limiter diode, the jth PIN limiter diode
It is positive to be connect with the microwave signal transmission line, the cathode ground connection of the jth PIN limiter diode, wherein 2≤j≤n.
Further, the first PIN limiter diode and the 2nd PIN limiter diode are on the microwave signal transmission line
Distance be 1/4 λ, wherein λ is the microwave wavelength transmitted on the microwave signal transmission line.
Further, it is in series on the microwave signal transmission line between second level clipping unit and third level clipping unit
Third capacitor.
Further, it is in series on the microwave signal transmission line between+1 grade of clipping unit of kth grade clipping unit and kth
Third capacitor, wherein 2≤k≤n-1.
Microwave absorption formula limiter provided by the invention, the microwave absorption formula limiter is by coupling detection network and clipping
Network composition, the direct-flow output signal by coupling detection network control the on or off of PIN diode in clipping network,
It to realize clipping function, since this programme does not use 3dB electric bridge, can be lost to avoid electric bridge, volume damage can also be reduced
It loses.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the microwave absorption formula limiter structural schematic diagram that embodiment provides.
Fig. 2 is two-stage equivalent circuit diagram before clipping network.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical solution of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specifically
The present invention is described in further detail for embodiment.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment provides a kind of microwave absorption formula limiter, including microwave signal transmission line and series connection
First capacitor device C1 on the microwave signal transmission line further includes the coupling inspection connecting with the microwave signal transmission line
Wave network and clipping network, the first capacitor device C1, coupling detection network and clipping network are successively successively set on described micro-
Between the input terminal and output end of wave signal transmssion line, wherein PIN limiter diode is provided in the clipping network, it is described
It couples detection network and exports direct current signal, the direct current signal is used to control the on or off of the PIN limiter diode.
In the present embodiment, the first capacitor device C1, coupling detection network and clipping network are successively successively set on the microwave signal
Refer between the input terminal and output end of transmission line: be followed successively by from input terminal to output end microwave signal transmission line input terminal,
First capacitor device C1, the output end for coupling detection network, clipping network and microwave signal transmission line.
What needs to be explained here is that when implementing the present embodiment, through this embodiment by the microwave signal of Finite Amplitude needs
Input terminal inputs and passes through microwave signal transmission line and transmits, and in transmission process, first passes through first capacitor device C1 to microwave signal
Carry out separated by direct communication processing (if without this treatment process, input port it is possible that leakage detection direct current signal,
The PIN diode in clipping network is connected, so that limiter be made to delay work), then by coupling detection network to microwave transmission
Microwave signal on line carries out coupling detection, when the amplitude of microwave signal reaches the working region of detection network (in fact,
Implementer can preset an acceptable maximum microwave signal amplitude, thus according to the maximum microwave signal amplitude come
It is arranged or selects the relevant device parameter in coupling detection network, the setting or selection of these parameters can directly determine coupling inspection
Whether the amplitude for the microwave signal that wave network is coupled to reaches the working region of detection network), coupling detection network believes microwave
It number carries out detection and exports direct current signal to microwave signal transmission line, the direct current signal that coupling detection network exports passes through microwave
Signal transmssion line is loaded on clipping network, the PIN limiter diode in clipping network can be made to be connected, to complete microwave
The clipping of signal, otherwise, even if coupling detection network has a DC signal output, the direct current signal of output is also not enough to allow clipping
PIN limiter diode conducting in network, so that microwave signal be made to be transmitted directly to the output end of limiter.
Preferably, the coupling detection network includes directional coupler A, and the direct-through line of the directional coupler A is connected on
On microwave signal transmission line, the coupling line output terminal of the directional coupler A passes through sequentially connected detector arrangement and filtering dress
It sets and is connect with the microwave signal transmission line, the coupling line of the directional coupler A passes through first with respect to the other end of output end
Resistor R1 ground connection, wherein the tie point of the filter and the microwave signal transmission line is located at the directional coupler
The direct-through line output end of A, the filter export the direct current signal.
What needs to be explained here is that the directional coupler A in the present embodiment can choose parallel coupled line coupling, coupling
The design principle of degree are as follows: the insertion loss of circuit can neither be influenced, guarantee the normal work of detector arrangement, ordinary circumstance again
The degree of coupling is arranged in the lower size depending on being subjected to input power, is more than 10W or more, general couple degree for bearing input power
It is designed as -30dB or so, the value of first resistor device R1 can be taken as 50 Ω.
In the present embodiment, the detector arrangement may include detector diode D0, the detector diode D0 anode with
The directional coupler A connection, the cathode of the detector diode D0 are connect with the filter.Here, detector diode
D0 can realize using Schottky detector diode, if the signal amplitude being coupled on detection tube can achieve 10mW with
On, detector diode D0 can use in potential barrier Schottky detection diode.
Preferably, the filter includes sequentially connected first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, and described first
Inductor L1 is opposite, and the other end for connecting the second inductor L2 is connect with the detector arrangement, the second inductor L2
The opposite other end for connecting the first inductor L1 is connect with the microwave signal transmission line, and the first inductor L1 connects
The one end for meeting the second inductor L2 is grounded by the second capacitor C2.
Preferably, the clipping network includes the n grades of clipping units being connected in parallel on the microwave signal transmission line, and every grade
The clipping unit is provided with PIN limiter diode, wherein and first order clipping unit is close to the coupling detection network, and
Output end of the n grades of clipping units close to the microwave signal transmission line.
Preferably, the first order clipping unit includes the first PIN limiter diode D1, second resistor R2 and third
The anode of inductor L3, the first PIN limiter diode D1 are connect with the microwave signal transmission line, the first PIN limit
The cathode of width diode D1 is connect with one end of the second resistor R2 and third inductor L3 simultaneously, the second resistance
The other end of device R2 and third inductor L3 are grounded.
Preferably, j-th stage clipping unit includes jth PIN limiter diode Dj, the jth PIN limiter diode Dj
Anode connect with the microwave signal transmission line, the cathode of the jth PIN limiter diode Dj is grounded, wherein 2≤j≤
n。
What needs to be explained here is that the filter of coupling detection network uses LC low-pass filter form, by detection tube
In the low-frequency d signal loading of output to the PIN diode of clipping network, to PIN diode when being equivalent to high power work
It is applied with forward bias, PIN diode is promoted quickly well to be connected, lower impedance is presented, most of power signal is reflected
By good absorption on to the absorbing load for absorbing branch road, circuit obtains preferably matching and carries out to rear class power-sensitive device
Protection well.
Preferably, the first PIN limiter diode D1 and the 2nd PIN limiter diode D2 are in the microwave signal transmission line
On distance be 1/4 λ, wherein λ is the microwave wavelength transmitted on the microwave signal transmission line.
It is preferably provided with as one kind, passes through the phase interaction at a distance of the PIN diode for 1/4 λ using from coupling detection techniques
It is absorbed with the load (second resistor R2) for making power signal be absorbed branch road (first order clipping unit), the technological break-through
The circuit of traditional absorption limiter design pattern, design has the advantages such as each state good match, small in size.
Preferably, is in series on the microwave signal transmission line between second level clipping unit and third level clipping unit
Three capacitor C3.
Preferably, is in series on the microwave signal transmission line between+1 grade of clipping unit of kth grade clipping unit and kth
Three capacitor C3, wherein 2≤k≤n-1.
Here, on the one hand the capacitor of the present embodiment plays the role of separated by direct communication, on the other hand plays filter action,
To improve the quality for the microwave signal that limiter transmits while improving limiter functional reliability.
In addition, the present embodiment avoids electric bridge loss and Volume Loss not only due to 3dB electric bridge is not used, also
Matched well can be obtained in free position, carry out derivation verifying below by specifically formula algorithm:
In clipping network, since preceding two-stage PIN limiter diode plays a major role in clipping lattice network,
The emphasis of analysis falls in V1, V2, and rear class is the PIN diode amplitude limiter circuit generallyd use, i.e., based on I layers of equivalent impedance with micro-
Wave signal amplitude changes this physical characteristic and the further clipping to preceding two-stage clipping leakage power realized.Ignore now
Late-class circuit influence, only consider before two-stage equivalent circuit, as shown in Figure 2 (Y1 branch include the first PIN limiter diode and
50 Ω matched load R2).
In Fig. 2, y1And y2Reduced admittance, θ indicate electrical length, and the transmission matrix of circuit is formula (1):
When the first PIN limiter diode D1 and the 2nd PIN limiter diode D2 on the microwave signal transmission line away from
When from for 1/4 λ, θ=pi/2, then formula (1) can be reduced to formula (2):
By loss parameterWith loss L=| S21|-2Formula (3) can be obtained:
By reflection coefficientFormula (4) can be obtained:
│S11│=│ (y2-y1y2-y1)/(2+y1+y2+y1y2)│ (4)
It can be obtained according to formula (3) and formula (4):
(1) when small signal inputs
When small signal inputs, the detecting circuit of coupling detection network does not detect that electric current is applied on PIN diode, this
When the first PIN limiter diode do not turn on and be equivalent to a small capacitances C1, the 2nd PIN limiter diode do not turn on that be equivalent to one small
Capacitor C2Then: y1=j2 π fC1R0/1+j2πfC1R0, y2=j2 π fC2R0, due to C1And C2Very little, generally within 0.2pf, R0
For characteristic impedance, in the present embodiment, R0=50 Ω, if working frequency takes C in 5GHz1=C2=0.2pf, then y1≈j0.314、
y2Thus ≈ j0.314 calculates loss L and reflection coefficient │ S11│, and according to reflection coefficient │ S11│ calculates standing-wave ratio:
Loss
Reflection coefficient │ S11│=0.063；
Standing-wave ratio
Calculated value by L and standing-wave ratio ρ is lost can be seen that Circuit Matching, loss very little, radiofrequency signal approximation are lossless at this time
Transmission.
(2) when big signal inputs
When big signal input, the detecting circuit of coupling detection network detects electric current and is applied on PIN diode, this
When PIN diode conducting be equivalent to a small resistance r, then y1=R0/ (r+R0), y2=R0/r takes r=1 Ω, then y1=0.98,
y2=50, thus calculate:
Loss
Reflection coefficient │ S11│=0.000196, standing-wave ratio
Calculated value by L and standing-wave ratio ρ is lost can be seen that Circuit Matching at this time, but loss is very big, and circuit is in clipping
(isolation) state, radiofrequency signal are significantly decayed, at this time leakage power very little.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that above-mentioned preferred embodiment is not construed as pair
Limitation of the invention, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the scope defined by the claims..For the art
For those of ordinary skill, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these
Improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. microwave absorption formula limiter, which is characterized in that including microwave signal transmission line and be connected on the microwave signal transmission
First capacitor device (C1) on line further includes the coupling detection network and clipping network connecting with the microwave signal transmission line,
The first capacitor device (C1), coupling detection network and clipping network are successively successively set on the defeated of the microwave signal transmission line
Enter between end and output end, wherein PIN limiter diode, the coupling detection network output are provided in the clipping network
Direct current signal, the direct current signal are used to control the on or off of the PIN limiter diode.
2. microwave absorption formula limiter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the coupling detection network includes orientation
The direct-through line of coupler (A), the directional coupler (A) is connected on microwave signal transmission line, the directional coupler (A)
Coupling line output terminal is connect by sequentially connected detector arrangement and filter with the microwave signal transmission line, the orientation
The coupling line of coupler (A) with respect to output end the other end pass through first resistor device (R1) be grounded, wherein the filter with
The tie point of the microwave signal transmission line is located at the direct-through line output end of the directional coupler (A), the filter
Export the direct current signal.
3. microwave absorption formula limiter according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the detector arrangement includes two pole of detection
It manages (D0), the anode of the detector diode (D0) is connect with the directional coupler (A), and the detector diode (D0) is born
Pole is connect with the filter.
4. microwave absorption formula limiter according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the filter includes being sequentially connected
The first inductor (L1) and the second inductor (L2), first inductor (L1) is opposite to connect second inductor (L2)
The other end connect with the detector arrangement, second inductor (L2) is opposite to connect the another of first inductor (L1)
End is connect with the microwave signal transmission line, and one end that first inductor (L1) connects second inductor (L2) passes through
Second capacitor (C2) ground connection.
5. microwave absorption formula limiter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the clipping network includes n grades of parallel connections
Clipping unit on the microwave signal transmission line, every grade of clipping unit are provided with PIN limiter diode, wherein
First order clipping unit is close to the coupling detection network, output of n-th grade of clipping unit close to the microwave signal transmission line
End.
6. microwave absorption formula limiter according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the first order clipping unit includes the
One PIN limiter diode (D1), second resistor (R2) and third inductor (L3), the first PIN limiter diode (D1)
Anode connect with the microwave signal transmission line, the cathode of the first PIN limiter diode (D1) while with described second
Resistor (R2) is connected with one end of third inductor (L3), the second resistor (R2) and third inductor (L3) it is another
End is grounded.
7. microwave absorption formula limiter according to claim 6, which is characterized in that j-th stage clipping unit includes jth PIN
The anode of limiter diode (Dj), the jth PIN limiter diode (Dj) is connect with the microwave signal transmission line, and described the
The cathode of jIN limiter diode (Dj) is grounded, wherein 2≤j≤n.
8. microwave absorption formula limiter according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the first PIN limiter diode (D1) with
Distance of the 2nd PIN limiter diode (D2) on the microwave signal transmission line is 1/4 λ, wherein λ is the microwave signal
The microwave wavelength transmitted on transmission line.
9. microwave absorption formula limiter according to claim 5, which is characterized in that second level clipping unit and the third level limit
Third capacitor (C3) is in series on microwave signal transmission line between width unit.
10. microwave absorption formula limiter according to claim 5, which is characterized in that kth grade clipping unit and+1 grade of kth
Third capacitor (C3) is in series on microwave signal transmission line between clipping unit, wherein 2≤k≤n-1.
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| CN201811352169.8A CN109546984A (en) | 2018-11-14 | 2018-11-14 | Microwave absorption formula limiter |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110209221A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-09-06 | 北京敏视达雷达有限公司 | A kind of temperature control circuit, register, temperature control system and temperature adjustment limiter |
| CN110350882A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-10-18 | 浙江嘉科电子有限公司 | A kind of miniature chip high power amplitude limiter of L frequency range |
| CN111262529A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十三研究所 | Anti-saturation amplitude limiter, chip and drive amplifier |
| CN113572442A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-10-29 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | Single-balance absorption type amplitude limiter |
| CN114793098A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-07-26 | 成都世源频控技术股份有限公司 | Self-adaptive high-power amplitude limiting circuit with fast recovery |
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| CN207070038U (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2018-03-02 | 安徽四创电子股份有限公司 | A kind of detection self-bias switches limiter |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110209221A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-09-06 | 北京敏视达雷达有限公司 | A kind of temperature control circuit, register, temperature control system and temperature adjustment limiter |
| CN110350882A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-10-18 | 浙江嘉科电子有限公司 | A kind of miniature chip high power amplitude limiter of L frequency range |
| CN110350882B (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2024-02-02 | 浙江嘉科电子有限公司 | L-band miniature chip type high-power limiter |
| CN111262529A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十三研究所 | Anti-saturation amplitude limiter, chip and drive amplifier |
| CN113572442A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-10-29 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | Single-balance absorption type amplitude limiter |
| CN113572442B (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2023-11-28 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | Single-balance absorption type limiter |
| CN114793098A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-07-26 | 成都世源频控技术股份有限公司 | Self-adaptive high-power amplitude limiting circuit with fast recovery |
| CN114793098B (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-09-20 | 成都世源频控技术股份有限公司 | Self-adaptive high-power amplitude limiting circuit with fast recovery |
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Application publication date: 20190329 |