CN109546625B - 380VAC protection circuit and charger and usage - Google Patents
380VAC protection circuit and charger and usage Download PDFInfo
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- CN109546625B CN109546625B CN201811491403.5A CN201811491403A CN109546625B CN 109546625 B CN109546625 B CN 109546625B CN 201811491403 A CN201811491403 A CN 201811491403A CN 109546625 B CN109546625 B CN 109546625B
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/125—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers
- H02H7/1252—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers responsive to overvoltage in input or output, e.g. by load dump
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H9/042—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage comprising means to limit the absorbed power or indicate damaged over-voltage protection device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及电力电子技术领域，具体地说是一种工作可靠、安全性高、成本合理的380VAC保护电路及充电机及使用方法，其特征在于，设有输入防雷电路、输入供电互锁电路、输入滤波整流电路、高压辅助电源电路、高压电压采样电路；其中输入防雷电路设置于输入供电互锁电路的前端，输入供电互锁电路的后端连接输入整流滤波电路，高压辅助电源电路的电信号输出端接在输入防雷电路与输入供电互锁电路之间，高压电压采样电路的采样信号输入端接在输入供电互锁电路的前端，通过本方案的实施，扩大了产品的适用范围，提升了产品在复杂工况下的安全工作性能，可以有效降低产品市场返退率。
The present invention relates to the field of power electronics technology, and specifically to a 380VAC protection circuit and a charger and a method for using the same, which are reliable in operation, highly safe and cost-effective. The invention is characterized in that an input lightning protection circuit, an input power supply interlocking circuit, an input filtering and rectifying circuit, a high-voltage auxiliary power supply circuit and a high-voltage voltage sampling circuit are provided; wherein the input lightning protection circuit is arranged at the front end of the input power supply interlocking circuit, the rear end of the input power supply interlocking circuit is connected to the input rectifying and filtering circuit, the electrical signal output terminal of the high-voltage auxiliary power supply circuit is connected between the input lightning protection circuit and the input power supply interlocking circuit, and the sampling signal input terminal of the high-voltage voltage sampling circuit is connected to the front end of the input power supply interlocking circuit. Through the implementation of the present solution, the application scope of the product is expanded, the safe working performance of the product under complex working conditions is improved, and the market return rate of the product can be effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a 380VAC protection circuit with reliable work, high safety and reasonable cost, a charger and a use method.
Background
At present, the switching power supply products with medium and small power are basically supplied by single-phase 220 VAC. In the aspect of device application, the voltage withstand of the device at the AC side of the input stage is selected according to 300VAC, and a protective tube is generally connected in series on the live wire or the zero wire of the input stage above the protection design. The circuit design has low probability of causing problems under the normal use condition, but in some special industrial application scenes, single-phase and three-phase power supply circuits exist on site at the same time, and on-site users are very easy to connect three-phase power to a charger product, so that the charger product is damaged by faults.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a 380VAC protection circuit and a charger for 380VAC power supply and application thereof.
The invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
A380 VAC protection circuit is characterized by comprising an input lightning protection circuit, an input power supply interlocking circuit, an input filtering rectification circuit, a high-voltage auxiliary power supply circuit and a high-voltage sampling circuit, wherein the input lightning protection circuit is arranged at the front end of the input power supply interlocking circuit, the rear end of the input power supply interlocking circuit is connected with the input filtering rectification circuit, the electric signal output end of the high-voltage auxiliary power supply circuit is connected between the input lightning protection circuit and the input power supply interlocking circuit, the sampling signal input end of the high-voltage sampling circuit is connected at the front end of the input power supply interlocking circuit,
The input lightning protection circuit is provided with a first piezoresistor MOV1, a second piezoresistor MOV2 and a third piezoresistor MOV3, wherein the first piezoresistor MOV1 is connected between an input power supply zero line and a live line, the second piezoresistor MOV2 is connected between the input power supply live line and a ground line, and the third piezoresistor MOV3 is connected between the input power supply zero line and the ground line;
The input power supply interlocking circuit is provided with a first relay K1, a second relay K2, a first thermosensitive NTC resistor RT1 and a second thermosensitive NTC resistor RT2, wherein a normally open contact of the first relay K1 is connected in series with a power supply input fire wire;
the input filtering rectification circuit comprises a first X capacitor C1, a first Y capacitor C2, a second Y capacitor C3, an input common-mode inductor and an input rectification bridge, wherein the first X capacitor C1 is connected between LN lines, the first Y capacitor C2 and the second Y capacitor C3 are respectively positioned behind the first X capacitor C1, the first Y capacitor C2 is connected between a fire wire and a ground wire, the second Y capacitor C3 is connected between a zero wire and the ground wire, the front end of the input common-mode inductor is connected behind the first Y capacitor C2 and the second Y capacitor C3, and the rear end of the input common-mode inductor is connected with the input rectification bridge;
The high-voltage auxiliary power supply circuit is provided with a cross power supply component, an equalization filter component and an auxiliary power supply power conversion component, wherein the cross power supply component comprises a first filter inductor L1, a diode D2, a diode D3, a diode D4, a diode D5 and a diode D6, one end of the first filter inductor L1 is connected to a node between a second thermosensitive NTC resistor RT2 and a second relay K2 in the input power supply interlocking circuit, the other end of the first filter inductor L1 is connected to the anode of the diode D1, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the anode of the diode D2, the cathode of the diode D2 is connected to the anode of the diode D3, the cathode of the diode D3 is connected to the anode of the diode D4, the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the anode of the fourth diode D4, the anode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to a positive bus of the PFC boost circuit, the cathode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the anode of the sixth diode D6, and the cathode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the cathode of the sixth diode D6, and the cathodes of the fourth diode D6 are connected to the equalization filter component;
The equalization filter assembly comprises an equalization resistor R1, an equalization resistor R2, an equalization resistor R3, an equalization resistor R4, a first filter electrolytic capacitor C7, a second filter electrolytic capacitor C5 and a first filter porcelain piece capacitor C6, wherein one end of the first equalization resistor R1, the positive electrode of the first filter electrolytic capacitor C7 and one end of the first filter porcelain piece capacitor C6 are connected, the equalization resistor R1, the equalization resistor R2, the equalization resistor R3 and the equalization resistor R4 are connected in series and serve as input ends of the equalization filter assembly, the other end of the equalization resistor R4, the negative electrode of the second filter electrolytic capacitor C5 and the other end of the first filter porcelain piece capacitor C6 are connected and then connected to a PFC boost circuit negative bus, and a connection point of the equalization resistor R2 and the equalization resistor R3 is connected with the negative electrode of the first filter electrolytic capacitor C7 and the negative electrode of the second filter electrolytic capacitor C5.
The auxiliary power supply power conversion component is a multi-winding output flyback switching power supply, and the power supply design meets the normal work of the power supply under the condition of high voltage according to the alternating current input 530Vac design.
The high-voltage sampling circuit comprises an alternating current rectifying component, a voltage reduction average component and an isolation sampling component, wherein the alternating current rectifying component comprises a rectifying diode D7, a rectifying diode D8, a rectifying diode D9 and a rectifying diode D10, wherein the anode of the rectifying diode D9 is connected to an input N line, the cathode of the rectifying diode D9 is connected to the anode of the rectifying diode D10, the anode of the rectifying diode D7 is connected to the connection point of a first filter inductor L1 and the anode of the diode D1, the cathode of the rectifying diode D7 is connected to the anode of the rectifying diode D8, and the cathode of the rectifying diode D10 is connected to the cathode of the rectifying diode D8 and then connected to the input end of the voltage reduction average component;
The voltage-reducing average value component comprises six voltage-reducing resistors R9, R10, R11, R12, R13 and R14, four equipotential resistors R5, R6, R7 and R8 and a first average value capacitor C4, the six voltage-reducing resistors are sequentially connected in series, the other end of the voltage-reducing resistor R9 is connected with the connection position of the cathode of the diode D10 and the cathode of the diode D8, the other end of the voltage-reducing resistor R14 is grounded, the four equipotential resistors are sequentially connected in series, the front end of the resistor R5 and the front end of the voltage-reducing resistor R9 are simultaneously connected to the connection point of the cathode of the diode D10 and the cathode of the diode D8, the rear end of the resistor R8 is connected to the negative electrode ground line of a PFC bus, the first average value capacitor C4 is connected in parallel to the two ends of the voltage-reducing resistor R14, the isolation sampling component comprises a triangular wave generating circuit, a voltage comparison circuit, an optical coupling isolation transmission circuit and an MCU sampling circuit, wherein the output end of the triangular wave generating circuit is connected with one input end of the voltage comparison circuit, the output end of the voltage comparison circuit is connected with the other input end of the voltage comparison circuit, the output end of the voltage comparison circuit is connected with the output end of the output of the optical coupling transmission circuit, and the output end of the sampling circuit is connected with the MCU.
The scheme can effectively electrically isolate the voltage of the alternating current input port and accurately sample the voltage value.
The charger is characterized by comprising the 380VAC protection circuit, an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit and a control unit, wherein the rear end of an input rectifying and filtering circuit in the 380VAC protection circuit is connected with the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit, and the control unit is respectively connected with the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit, a high-voltage auxiliary power supply circuit in the 380VAC protection circuit and a high-voltage sampling circuit.
The 380VAC protection circuit of the present invention is the circuit in the above scheme or its modified circuit.
The alternating current-direct current conversion circuit comprises a PFC active power factor conversion circuit and a DC/DC conversion circuit, wherein the PFC active power factor conversion circuit is used for converting externally supplied alternating current commercial power into high-voltage bus direct current and improving the power factor of the whole machine at the same time, and the DC/DC conversion circuit is used for realizing conversion of direct current voltage and converting the high-voltage bus direct current into level voltage required by battery charging.
The control unit comprises a main control MCU unit, an internal indicator lamp driving circuit, an external indicator lamp driving circuit and a control unit, wherein the main control MCU unit is used for realizing a complete machine control algorithm and responding to control and protection actions of complete machine working time sequence logic;
the first temperature sampling circuit is used for sampling the internal temperature of the charger product;
the second temperature sampling circuit is used for sampling the external environment temperature of the charger product;
the first driving circuit is used for driving the first relay in the input power supply interlocking circuit;
the second driving circuit is used for driving a second relay in the input power supply interlocking circuit;
and the third driving circuit is used for driving the output relay in the alternating-current/direct-current conversion circuit.
According to the scheme, when the input power supply voltage is within the normal working voltage range of the battery charger product, the 380VAC protection circuit does not execute action, and the AC power supplied by the power grid is converted into the DC power required by charging the power battery through the AC-DC conversion circuit. When the wrong power supply system is connected, and the system voltage is too high, the 380VAC protection circuit performs protection action, isolates the power supply of the high-voltage power grid and protects the AC/DC conversion circuit.
The application method of the charger is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Step 1, the control unit is powered by a high-voltage auxiliary power supply circuit, so that the control unit can work normally under any power supply voltage;
And 2, the control unit samples the power supply voltage through the high-voltage sampling circuit, and in order to ensure the accuracy of sampling the alternating current power supply voltage, a least square linear fitting algorithm is adopted to calibrate an internal curve, and the implementation method of the algorithm comprises the following steps:
the formula form to be calibrated is as follows:
,
Actual N tests U samp and U ac, denoted U sampi and U aci, i=1, 2,..n.
Let U 0=a,cU0 = b be two parameters to be estimated, the error pattern can be written as:
,
From the error equation, the normal equation is listed:
,
And carrying the tested alternating voltage value to be calibrated to obtain coefficients a, b, c and U 0.
After detecting the input alternating current power supply voltage, when the input power supply voltage Uac is within the normal working voltage range of a charger product, namely Uac <280V, the control unit sends a control command to drive the second relay K2 in the input power supply interlocking circuit to be closed, soft start charging of the PFC active power factor conversion circuit in the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit is carried out through the input filtering rectifying circuit, after 1 second delay, the control unit sends a control command to drive the first relay K1 in the input power supply interlocking circuit to be closed, energy is provided for the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit through the input filtering rectifying circuit, when the input power supply voltage is not within the normal working voltage range of the charger product, the control unit sends a control command to not drive the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 in the input power supply interlocking circuit to be closed, then the external risk voltage and the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit are isolated, the absolute protection effect can be achieved for the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit, and the alarm prompt signal is output outwards, and the alternating current input voltage is kept normal.
According to the scheme, the least square algorithm is implemented, the compensation effect of errors is fully utilized, the influence of random errors can be effectively reduced, and therefore the fitting result has the highest reliability. The implementation and utilization of the algorithm effectively ensure the accuracy of isolating the alternating current sampling voltage, and provide reliable data support for logic judgment of the control unit. The control unit blocks the high-voltage dangerous circuit from entering the main power circuit part through logic judgment, and the 380vac alternating current protection circuit is safe and reliable through implementation of the scheme.
When the charger is used, the control unit collects the internal environment temperature of the charger and the external environment temperature of a product of the charger through the first temperature sampling circuit and the second temperature sampling circuit, the control unit calibrates a charging curve according to the collected environment temperature, the calibration algorithm is that the output voltage of the charger is normalized to be reduced or increased by 4mV or 3mV of a single battery when the environment temperature is increased/decreased by 1 ℃ based on 20 ℃, and the control unit controls the direct current output of the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit according to the calibrated charging curve to reach the voltage and current point required by the charged battery.
According to the scheme, through implementation of the using method of the scheme, the sampling precision and linearity of the alternating current power supply voltage are improved through implementation of a linear fitting control algorithm. The control unit controls the actions of the two relays in the input interlocking circuit according to the state of the input power supply voltage, so that the physical isolation between the input power supply voltage and the electric circuit of the AC/DC conversion circuit can be effectively realized, and the determined protection effect is achieved. Meanwhile, the high-voltage auxiliary power supply circuit can safely supply power to the control unit, so that the control unit circuit can be supplied with power under any voltage state. By implementing the using method of the charger, the charging curve can be ensured to meet the charging requirement of the battery at any temperature, and the phenomena of overcharge and undercharge are avoided.
Through implementation of the scheme, the application range of the product is enlarged, the safety working performance of the product under complex working conditions is improved, and the product market return rate can be effectively reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the 380VAC protection circuit of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the operation of the 380VAC protection circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the control logic of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a graph of the first type of charger charge curve.
Fig. 6 is a graph of the second charger charge profile.
The reference numerals comprise a 1 input lightning protection circuit, a2 input power supply interlocking circuit, a3 high-voltage auxiliary power supply circuit, a4 high-voltage sampling circuit and a 5 input filtering rectification circuit.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 2, the 380VAC protection circuit provided by the invention comprises an input lightning protection circuit 1, an input power supply interlocking circuit 2, a high-voltage auxiliary power supply circuit 3, a high-voltage sampling circuit 4 and an input filtering rectification circuit 5, wherein the input lightning protection circuit 1 is arranged at an input power supply port in parallel, the input power supply interlocking circuit 2 is connected in series with a power supply line L, the input of the high-voltage auxiliary power supply circuit 3 is connected with the power supply line L and a direct current bus after PFC boost, and the high-voltage sampling circuit 4 is connected with an input LN line and a ground wire of the direct current bus after PFC boost.
The input lightning protection circuit 1 is characterized in that a first piezoresistor MOV1 is connected in parallel between an input power supply LN line, a second piezoresistor MOV2 is connected in parallel between an input power supply L line and an Earth line, and a third piezoresistor MOV3 is connected in parallel between the input power supply N line and the Earth line.
The normally open contact of the first relay K1 in the power supply interlocking circuit 2 is connected in series with an input L line, the first thermosensitive NTC resistor RT1, the second thermosensitive NTC resistor RT2 and the normally open contact of the second relay K2 are connected in series to form a soft start component, and the soft start component is connected in parallel with the first relay K1.
The input filter rectifying circuit 5 is located behind the input power supply interlocking circuit, the first X capacitor C1 is connected in parallel between LN lines, the first Y capacitor C1 and the second Y capacitor C2 are connected in series and then connected in parallel before the LN lines, and a node of the first Y capacitor C1 and the second Y capacitor C2 connected in series is connected to the Earth point Earth.
The cross-supply assembly of the high voltage auxiliary power supply 3 comprises a first filter inductance L1, a first to a sixth diode D1-D6. One end of the first filter inductor L1 is connected to a node, in the input power supply interlocking circuit, where the second thermosensitive NTC resistor RT2 and the second relay K2 are connected in series, the other end of the first filter inductor L1 is connected to the anode of the first diode D1, the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2, the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the anode of the third diode D3, the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the anode of the fourth diode D4, the anode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the positive bus of the PFC boost circuit, the cathode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the anode of the sixth diode D6, and the cathode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the cathode of the sixth diode D6 and is connected to the input end of the equalization filter assembly.
The equalization filter assembly of the high-voltage auxiliary power supply 3 comprises first to fourth equalization resistors R1 to R4, a first filter electrolytic capacitor C7, a second filter electrolytic capacitor C5 and a first filter ceramic chip capacitor C6. One end R1 of the first equalizing resistor, the positive electrode of the first filtering electrolytic capacitor C7 and one end of the first filtering ceramic chip capacitor C6 are connected and serve as input ends of the equalizing filter assembly. One end of the fourth equalizing resistor R4, the cathode of the second filter electrolytic capacitor C2 and one end of the first filter porcelain piece capacitor C6 are connected and then connected to a cathode bus of the PFC boost circuit. The connection point of the second equalizing resistor R2 and the third equalizing resistor R3 is connected with the cathode of the first filter electrolytic capacitor C7 and the cathode of the second filter electrolytic capacitor C5.
The auxiliary power supply power conversion component of the high-voltage auxiliary power supply 3 is a multi-winding output flyback switching power supply. The power supply design meets the high voltage condition according to the ac input 530Vac design and the power supply operates normally.
The ac rectifying component of the high-voltage sampling circuit 4 includes seventh to tenth rectifying diodes D7 to D10. An anode of the seventh rectifying diode D7 is connected to the input N line, and a cathode of the seventh rectifying diode D7 is connected to an anode of the eighth rectifying diode D8. The anode of the ninth rectifying diode D9 is connected to the connection point of the first filter inductor L1 and the anode of the first diode D1, the cathode of the ninth rectifying diode D9 is connected to the anode of the tenth rectifying diode D10, and the cathode of the tenth rectifying diode D10 is connected to the cathode of the eighth rectifying diode D8 and then connected to the input end of the step-down average value component.
The step-down average value component of the high-voltage sampling circuit 4 includes first to sixth step-down resistors R9 to R14, a first average value capacitor C4, and first to fourth equipotential resistors (R5 to R8). The first voltage dropping resistor and the sixth voltage dropping resistor (R9-R14) are sequentially connected in series, wherein one end of the first voltage dropping resistor R9 is connected to a node where the cathode of the tenth rectifying diode D10 is connected with the cathode of the eighth rectifying diode D8, one end of the sixth voltage dropping resistor R14 is connected to the negative ground line of the PFC bus, and the first average value capacitor C4 is connected to the sixth voltage dropping resistor R14 in parallel. The first to fourth equipotential resistors (R5-R8) are sequentially connected, wherein one end of the first equipotential resistor R5 is connected to a node where the cathode of the tenth rectifying diode D10 is connected with the cathode of the eighth rectifying diode D8, and one end of the fourth equipotential resistor R8 is connected to the negative electrode ground line of the PFC bus.
The isolation sampling component of the high-voltage sampling circuit 4 comprises a triangular wave generating circuit, a voltage comparing circuit, an optical coupling isolation transmission circuit and an MCU sampling circuit.
A control method of the 380Vac protection charger will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 3.
The 380Vac protection charger control method comprises the following steps:
The control unit comprises an MCU single-chip microcomputer controller which is powered by a high-voltage auxiliary power supply circuit 3, so that the MCU single-chip microcomputer controller can work normally under any power supply voltage.
The control unit samples the alternating current mains supply voltage through the high-voltage sampling circuit 4, when the input mains supply voltage is in the normal working voltage range of a charger product, the main control MCU unit in the control unit sends out a control instruction, the second relay K2 in the input power supply interlocking circuit 2 is driven to be closed through the second driving circuit, and the soft start of the PFC active power factor conversion circuit in the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit is charged through the input filtering rectification circuit 5. As shown in fig. 3, after a delay of 1 second, the main control MCU unit sends out a control command, drives the first relay K1 in the input power supply interlocking circuit 2 to be closed through the first driving circuit, and provides energy for the ac/dc conversion circuit through the input filtering rectification circuit 5.
The control unit samples the power supply voltage through the high-voltage sampling circuit 4, when the input power supply voltage is not in the normal working voltage range of the battery charger product, the main control MCU unit in the control unit sends a control instruction, the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 in the input power supply interlocking circuit 5 are not driven to act, and then the external risk voltage and the AC/DC conversion circuit are isolated, so that the AC/DC conversion circuit can be absolutely protected.
The control unit samples the power supply voltage through the high-voltage sampling circuit 4, and the main control MCU unit drives an external indicator lamp of the charger through an external indicator lamp driving circuit according to the sampled external voltage;
according to the circuit of the embodiment, the control unit controls the actions of the two relays in the input interlocking circuit according to the state of the input power supply voltage, so that the physical isolation between the input power supply voltage and the electric circuit of the AC/DC conversion circuit can be effectively realized, and a definite protection effect is achieved. Meanwhile, the high-voltage auxiliary power supply circuit can safely supply power to the control unit, so that the control unit circuit can be supplied with power under any voltage state.
Claims (8)
1. A380 VAC protection circuit is characterized by comprising an input lightning protection circuit, an input power supply interlocking circuit, an input filtering rectification circuit, a high-voltage auxiliary power supply circuit and a high-voltage sampling circuit, wherein the input lightning protection circuit is arranged at the front end of the input power supply interlocking circuit, the rear end of the input power supply interlocking circuit is connected with the input filtering rectification circuit, the electric signal output end of the high-voltage auxiliary power supply circuit is connected between the input lightning protection circuit and the input power supply interlocking circuit, the sampling signal input end of the high-voltage sampling circuit is connected at the front end of the input power supply interlocking circuit,
The input lightning protection circuit is provided with a first piezoresistor MOV1, a second piezoresistor MOV2 and a third piezoresistor MOV3, wherein the first piezoresistor MOV1 is connected between an input power supply zero line and a live line, the second piezoresistor MOV2 is connected between the input power supply live line and a ground line, and the third piezoresistor MOV3 is connected between the input power supply zero line and the ground line;
The input power supply interlocking circuit is provided with a first relay K1, a second relay K2, a first thermosensitive NTC resistor RT1 and a second thermosensitive NTC resistor RT2, wherein a normally open contact of the first relay K1 is connected in series with a power supply input fire wire;
the input filtering rectification circuit comprises a first X capacitor C1, a first Y capacitor C2, a second Y capacitor C3, an input common-mode inductor and an input rectification bridge, wherein the first X capacitor C1 is connected between LN lines, the first Y capacitor C2 and the second Y capacitor C3 are respectively positioned behind the first X capacitor C1, the first Y capacitor C2 is connected between a fire wire and a ground wire, the second Y capacitor C3 is connected between a zero wire and the ground wire, the front end of the input common-mode inductor is connected behind the first Y capacitor C2 and the second Y capacitor C3, and the rear end of the input common-mode inductor is connected with the input rectification bridge;
The high-voltage auxiliary power supply circuit is provided with a cross power supply component, an equalization filter component and an auxiliary power supply power conversion component, wherein the cross power supply component comprises a first filter inductor L1, a diode D2, a diode D3, a diode D4, a diode D5 and a diode D6, one end of the first filter inductor L1 is connected to a node between a second thermosensitive NTC resistor RT2 and a second relay K2 in the input power supply interlocking circuit, the other end of the first filter inductor L1 is connected to the anode of the diode D1, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the anode of the diode D2, the cathode of the diode D2 is connected to the anode of the diode D3, the cathode of the diode D3 is connected to the anode of the diode D4, the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the anode of the fourth diode D4, the anode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to a positive bus of the PFC boost circuit, the cathode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the anode of the sixth diode D6, and the cathode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the cathode of the sixth diode D6, and the cathodes of the fourth diode D6 are connected to the equalization filter component;
The equalization filter assembly comprises an equalization resistor R1, an equalization resistor R2, an equalization resistor R3, an equalization resistor R4, a first filter electrolytic capacitor C7, a second filter electrolytic capacitor C5 and a first filter porcelain piece capacitor C6, wherein one end of the first equalization resistor R1, the positive electrode of the first filter electrolytic capacitor C7 and one end of the first filter porcelain piece capacitor C6 are connected, the equalization resistor R1, the equalization resistor R2, the equalization resistor R3 and the equalization resistor R4 are connected in series and serve as input ends of the equalization filter assembly, the other end of the equalization resistor R4, the negative electrode of the second filter electrolytic capacitor C5 and the other end of the first filter porcelain piece capacitor C6 are connected and then connected to a PFC boost circuit negative bus, and a connection point of the equalization resistor R2 and the equalization resistor R3 is connected with the negative electrode of the first filter electrolytic capacitor C7 and the negative electrode of the second filter electrolytic capacitor C5.
2. The 380VAC protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein said auxiliary power source power conversion component is a multi-winding output flyback switching power source designed to operate normally under high voltage conditions in accordance with an ac input 530VAC design.
3. The 380VAC protection circuit according to claim 1 wherein the high voltage sampling circuit includes an AC rectifier assembly, a buck average assembly and an isolation sampling assembly, the AC
The current rectifying component comprises a rectifying diode D7, a rectifying diode D8, a rectifying diode D9 and a rectifying diode D10, wherein an anode of the rectifying diode D9 is connected to the input N line, a cathode of the rectifying diode D9 is connected to an anode of the rectifying diode D10, an anode of the rectifying diode D7 is connected to a connection point of the first filter inductor L1 and an anode of the diode D1, and a cathode of the rectifying diode D7 is connected to a anode of the rectifying diode D8
The cathode of the rectifying diode D10 is connected to the cathode of the rectifying diode D8 and then connected to the input end of the step-down average value component;
the step-down average value component comprises six step-down resistors R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14 and four
The equipotential resistors R5, R6, R7 and R8, the first average value capacitor C4 and the six voltage dropping resistors are sequentially connected in series
The other end of the dropping resistor R9 is connected with the connection part of the cathode of the diode D10 and the cathode of the diode D8, the other end of the dropping resistor R14 is grounded, the four equipotential resistors are sequentially connected in series, the front end of the resistor R5 and the front end of the dropping resistor R9 are simultaneously connected to the connection point of the cathode of the diode D10 and the cathode of the diode D8, the rear end of the resistor R8 is connected to the negative electrode ground line of the PFC bus, and the first average value capacitor C4 is connected in parallel with the dropping resistor
The isolation sampling component comprises a triangular wave generating circuit, a voltage comparison circuit, an optical coupler isolation transmission circuit and an MCU sampling circuit, wherein the output end of the triangular wave generating circuit is connected with one input end of the voltage comparison circuit, and the output end of the voltage reduction average component is connected with the other input end of the voltage comparison circuit
The output end of the voltage comparison circuit is connected with the input end of the optical coupler isolation transmission circuit, and the optical coupler isolation circuit is connected with the output end of the voltage comparison circuit
The output end of the transmission circuit is connected with an MCU sampling circuit, and the MCU sampling circuit is connected with the control unit.
4. A charger characterized in that the 380VAC protection circuit, an AC-DC conversion circuit and a control unit are provided, wherein the rear end of an input rectifying and filtering circuit in the 380VAC protection circuit is connected with the AC-DC conversion circuit, and the control unit is respectively connected with the AC-DC conversion circuit, a high-voltage auxiliary power supply circuit in the 380VAC protection circuit and a high-voltage sampling circuit.
5. The charger of claim 4 wherein the AC/DC converter circuit comprises a PFC active power factor converter circuit for converting externally supplied AC mains supply into high voltage bus DC and increasing the power factor of the whole machine, and a DC/DC converter circuit for converting DC voltage into level voltage required for battery charging.
6. The charger of claim 4, wherein the control unit comprises a main control MCU unit, an internal indicator light driving circuit, an external indicator light driving circuit and a control unit, wherein the main control MCU unit is used for realizing a complete machine control algorithm and responding to control and protection actions of complete machine working time sequence logic;
the first temperature sampling circuit is used for sampling the internal temperature of the charger product;
the second temperature sampling circuit is used for sampling the external environment temperature of the charger product;
the first driving circuit is used for driving the first relay in the input power supply interlocking circuit;
the second driving circuit is used for driving a second relay in the input power supply interlocking circuit;
and the third driving circuit is used for driving the output relay in the alternating-current/direct-current conversion circuit.
7. A method of using the charger of any one of claims 4-6, comprising the steps of:
the control unit is powered by a high-voltage auxiliary power supply circuit, so that the control unit can work normally under any power supply voltage;
And 2, the control unit samples the power supply voltage through the high-voltage sampling circuit, and in order to ensure the accuracy of sampling the alternating current power supply voltage, a least square linear fitting algorithm is adopted to calibrate an internal curve, and the implementation method of the algorithm comprises the following steps of:
Usamp＝U0(1+aUac)
Actual N tests U samp and U ac, denoted U sampi and U aci, i=1, 2,..n,
Let U 0＝a,cU0 =b be two parameters to be estimated, then the error mode is written as:
vi＝Usampi-(a+Uacib)(i=1,2,···,N)
From the error equation, the normal equation is listed:
Carrying out test on the alternating voltage value to be calibrated to obtain coefficients a, b, c and U 0;
After detecting the input alternating current power supply voltage, when the input power supply voltage Uac is within the normal working voltage range of a charger product, namely Uac <280V, the control unit sends a control command to drive the second relay K2 in the input power supply interlocking circuit to be closed, soft start charging of the PFC active power factor conversion circuit in the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit is carried out through the input filtering rectifying circuit, after 1 second delay, the control unit sends a control command to drive the first relay K1 in the input power supply interlocking circuit to be closed, energy is provided for the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit through the input filtering rectifying circuit, when the input power supply voltage is not within the normal working voltage range of the charger product, the control unit sends a control command to not drive the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 in the input power supply interlocking circuit to be closed, the external risk voltage and the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit are isolated at the moment, an absolute protection effect is achieved on the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit, and an alarm prompt signal is output outwards, and the alternating current input voltage is kept normal.
8. The method for using the charger is characterized by further comprising the steps that when the charger is used, the control unit collects the internal environment temperature of the charger and the external environment temperature of a product of the charger through the first temperature sampling circuit and the second temperature sampling circuit, the control unit calibrates a charging curve according to the collected environment temperature, the calibration algorithm is that the temperature is 20 ℃ as a reference, the temperature is increased/decreased by 1 ℃ every time the environment temperature is increased, the output voltage of the charger is normalized to be decreased or increased by 4mV or 3mV of a single battery, and the control unit controls the direct current output of the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit according to the calibrated charging curve to achieve the voltage current point required by the charged battery.
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