CN109541347A - A kind of sensor for electrical energy measurement - Google Patents
A kind of sensor for electrical energy measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN109541347A CN109541347A CN201811415900.7A CN201811415900A CN109541347A CN 109541347 A CN109541347 A CN 109541347A CN 201811415900 A CN201811415900 A CN 201811415900A CN 109541347 A CN109541347 A CN 109541347A
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- transistor
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- drain electrode
- electrical energy
- energy measurement
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- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011159 matrix materials Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substances Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012212 insulators Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000002131 composite materials Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000004458 analytical methods Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 methods Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000701 chemical imaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reactions Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagrams Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering processes Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004450 types of analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000825 ultraviolet detection Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRA-RED, VISIBLE OR ULTRA-VIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
- G01J1/44—Electric circuits
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRA-RED, VISIBLE OR ULTRA-VIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
- G01J1/44—Electric circuits
- G01J2001/4446—Type of detector
- G01J2001/446—Photodiode
Abstract
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sensor for electrical energy measurement, the electrical energy measurement for belonging to power equipment visible light map is answered Use technical field.
Background technique
With the rapid development of our country's economy, extra-high voltage, alternating current-direct current mixing, new energy largely access etc. that become power grid inevitable Development trend.Currently, the power grid coverage area in China is very big, the quantity of various transformer equipments be also it is huge, such as power transformation Stand, the quantity such as conducting wire, shaft tower increase significantly, and have a very wide distribution, distance it is remote.In practical applications, the operation of important equipment Parameter needs real-time monitoring, is difficult to meet requirement of real-time, sense of responsibility, working attitude and the spirit of floor manager using manual patrol Situation has seriously affected the result of detection；The operating status of many high-tension apparatuses is difficult to be converted into electric signal, in signal conversion and It is interfered in transmission process vulnerable to strong-electromagnetic field and influences diagnosis；Equipment is detected still in thermograph using infrared Simple application level, is not associated with equipment state, and historical data is also difficult to memory scan；In addition, human eye be difficult to differentiate it is subtle The grey scale change of image, it is difficult to the degree of objective analysis transformer equipment surface defect.All overhaul by artificial obviously Be it is impossible, simultaneously for these transformer equipments unified management monitoring requirement also increase accordingly.
As a complete electric system, a large amount of power equipment involved in links, these device categories are various, Operation item is many and diverse, and job site is widely distributed, and operating condition is different, brings very greatly for the Maintenance and Repair management of power equipment Difficulty.More and more electric power enterprises start to be monitored power equipment using intelligent on-line monitoring, but due to The field operation of each business gradually increases, and the personnel that different business has more rounds go to scene, lacks overall arrangement, for existing The management of field Maintenance and Repair personnel and Maintenance and Repair facility are still relatively backward, substantially by operation people in electric system The working experience of member and the artificial subjective factor such as sense of responsibility guarantee, lack corresponding technical equipment and management means, scene Work pattern has much room for improvement and improves.Field operation cannot be immediately synchronous with background system, field operation " information island " problem Seriously, Field Force can not obtain system integrated information, and system resource utilization is low, and live traffic Operation delay is in system debug. For example, after measuring asset equipment rotation, after various facility informations and parameter need Field Force to take back, back office force's typing is transferred to System debug can just see the quality and effect of work on the spot, so as to cause the generation of faulty operation, give power equipment and personnel Safety belt carrys out massive losses；Between business data completely formed share it is common, same operation field there are measuring asset rotation, adopt Collection equipment debugging, battalion the multi-services interface such as collect and record with information, repeat same work on the spot by different business personnel, then press Process will change data and be updated respectively to power information acquisition system, sales service application system and battalion with the systems such as perforation, letter Breath circulation process more slowly and is easy to appear process and disconnects to form wrong data, and simultaneously synchronized update is not implemented together in business datum It enjoys.Traditional overhaul of the equipments mode and on-site personnel management mode, there are following hidden danger:
Poor in timeliness, low efficiency: for on-site personnel, mainly taking traditional manual record mode, cannot in real time by Power equipment concrete condition sends back monitoring center, there are poor in timeliness, the problem of low efficiency.
Be easy to happen maloperation: power grid is huge, and power equipment is many kinds of, and job site is extensive.Many power equipments are still So being identified using traditional bar code, vulnerable to the time, natural environment and weather conditions etc. influence traditional bar code, once bar code can not It is clear that or there is reading error, without related information warning, be easy to happen equipment misoperation, be power grid it is normal Operation brings loss.
Safety guarantee is poor: since status of electric power is unknown, if has powered off, how is the present situation, in no information warning In the case where, once site operation personnel will bring power equipment and personnel safety situations such as electric shock or hot line job occurs Major hidden danger.
On this basis, unattended operation transformer station, which is developed rapidly, also proposes new want for its safe operation management It asks.Therefore, it to improve unattended or few man on duty transformer station personnel and equipment safety, needs to monitor transformer equipment in real time Operating status and information hidden danger.Some substations are mounted with video monitoring system, it can be achieved that field device monitoring, control at present The functions such as remote camera movement, digital video recorder.But only function for monitoring does not have image identification function, lacks to substation The automatic identification and analytic function of transformer equipment.It still goes to observe by operator on duty and analyzes the image acquired, to analyze The operating status of transformer equipment, system lack the automatic identification and analytic function to transformer equipment image.It is to background at all The research of the method for discrimination of the analysis and transformer equipment operation information of complicated substation's image is not mature enough, and improves figure conscientiously As analysis ability, become problem in the urgent need to address.The utilization of spectral image analysis and identification technology can promote on-line monitoring The intelligence of system, automation, improve the working efficiency of work of transformer substation personnel, obtain higher economic benefit, will have compared with Big practical value and application prospect.
The invention of Electric Power Research Institute, State Power Corporation Patent No. 201110419576 provides a kind of compound inslation Sub- hyperspectral detection method, comprising the following steps: 1) composite insulator is imaged using hyperspectral imager, obtains compound inslation The Hyperspectral imaging of son；2) Hyperspectral imaging of composite insulator is pre-processed, including geometric correction, radiant correction are to obtain Obtain more accurate spectral information；3) processing analysis is carried out with specialty analysis platform, determines the operating status of composite insulator, sentences Determine result output/display, analyses whether to need replacing composite insulator.The invention method for detecting high optical spectrum of composite insulator can be right Composite insulator carries out non-contact detection, is not required to worker Deng Ta；And it is short the time required to execute-in-place, it is obtained with hyperspectral imager Access according to when, the information of multiple composite insulators can be obtained simultaneously, convenient for the later period simultaneously to multiple composite insulators at Reason analysis, achievees the purpose that batch detection, meets the needs of China's composite insulator state-detection.
The disclosure of the invention of the Patent No. 201510412958 of Electric Power Research Institute, Shandong Electric Power Group company one kind is based on Multispectral composite insulator detection method, comprising: selection detection device, under identical operating condition, to same compound inslation Son carries out visible detection, infrared detection and ultraviolet detection using detection device, obtains the detection image of the composite insulator；It is right Shelf depreciation luminous point, the local hot spot of infrared image and the corona point of ultraviolet image of visible images are compared Compared with；To visible images, the infrared image of the different composite insulator of the same base shaft tower of same route under identical operating condition It is compared with ultraviolet image；For each composite insulator, multispectral Test database is established, according to the detection of some cycles Data, data are compared, existing data difference is found out.The invention will be seen that light, infrared, ultraviolet three kinds of detection means Organically combine, have complementary advantages, live detection easily is carried out to insulator, can find composite insulator defect in time, just In the inspection for carrying out large area.
The invention of Electric Power Research Institute, Shanxi Electric Power company Patent No. 201810119274 describes a kind of based on more The framework of the power equipment image acquisition system of spectrum sensor group, however, above-mentioned equipment is in the theoretical method stage, still Actual hardware entities are not provided.Thus, it needs to find a kind of new hardware solution, to overcome the above problem.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of sensors for electrical energy measurement, make image in the analysis of transformer equipment spectrum image Data have obtained efficient utilization, guarantee that grid equipment is safe and reliable, theoretical and practical significance with higher, effectively Solves the above problem present in background technique.
The technical scheme is that a kind of sensor for electrical energy measurement, includes N × N number of matrix arrangement, only each other The original photosurface area of vertical pixel circuit, the pixel circuit is identical, wherein and N is the positive integer more than or equal to 2, as Plain circuit includes probe unit, mirror image unit and shaping unit, and three is sequentially connected；Probe unit includes the first of plus earth Diode, the first capacitor in parallel with first diode, the first transistor, the 6th transistor and the first amplifier, the 6th crystal The drain electrode of pipe is electrically connected to power supply by the first transistor with resistance mode line, and the cathode of source electrode and first diode is electrically connected It connects, and grid is electrically connected to by the first amplifier forward direction；Mirror image unit includes second transistor, third transistor, the 7th crystalline substance Body pipe and the 8th transistor, the drain electrode of the 7th transistor simultaneously with the drain and gate of second transistor and connect, grid and first The cathode of diode is electrically connected, source electrode ground connection, and third transistor passes through the 8th transistor ground connection with resistance mode line, grid Simultaneously with the drain and gate of second transistor and connect, the source electrode of source electrode and second transistor simultaneously and is connected to power supply；Shaping list Member includes the phase inverter for the integral multiple that series is 2.
The first transistor, the 6th transistor, the 7th transistor and the 8th transistor be NMOS tube, second transistor and Third transistor is PMOS tube.
The width of the third transistor is 6-18 times of the width of second transistor.
The quantity of the probe unit is two or more, and the quantity of mirror image unit and the quantity of probe unit match.
The shaping unit includes that the series of phase inverter is 2, and shaping unit includes the 4th transistor, the 5th transistor, the Nine transistors and the tenth transistor；The source electrode of 4th transistor and the tenth transistor is connected to power supply simultaneously；9th transistor The grid of grid and the 4th transistor is connected to the drain electrode of third transistor, source electrode ground connection simultaneously, and drain electrode is connected to the 4th transistor Drain electrode；The grid of tenth transistor and the grid of the 5th transistor are connected to the drain electrode of the 4th transistor, source electrode ground connection, drain electrode simultaneously It is connected to the drain electrode of the 5th transistor.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: solving wrong report existing in the prior art, failing to report phenomenon, make transformer equipment spectrum Image data has obtained efficient utilization in image analysing computer, guarantees grid equipment safe and reliable operation, it is with higher theoretical and Practical significance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the present invention circuit diagram；
In figure: first diode 1, first capacitor 2, the first transistor 3, the 6th transistor 4, the first amplifier 5, second transistor 6, third transistor 7, the 7th transistor 8, the 8th transistor 9, the 4th transistor 10, the 5th transistor 11, the 9th transistor 12, Tenth transistor 13.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
A kind of sensor for electrical energy measurement includes N × N number of matrix arrangement, pixel circuit independent of each other, the picture The original photosurface area of plain circuit is identical, wherein N is positive integer more than or equal to 2, pixel circuit include probe unit, Mirror image unit and shaping unit, three are sequentially connected；Probe unit includes first diode 1 and the one or two pole of plus earth Pipe 1 first capacitor 2, the first transistor 3, the 6th transistor 4 and the first amplifier 5 in parallel, the drain electrode of the 6th transistor 4 pass through It is electrically connected to power supply with the first transistor 3 of resistance mode line, source electrode is electrically connected with the cathode of first diode 1, and is passed through First amplifier, 5 forward direction is electrically connected to grid；Mirror image unit includes second transistor 6, third transistor 7,8 and of the 7th transistor 8th transistor 9, the drain electrode of the 7th transistor 8 simultaneously with the drain and gate of second transistor 6 and connect, grid and the one or two pole The cathode of pipe 1 is electrically connected, source electrode ground connection, and third transistor 7 passes through the 8th transistor 9 ground connection with resistance mode line, grid Simultaneously with the drain and gate of second transistor 6 and connect, the source electrode of source electrode and second transistor 6 simultaneously and is connected to power supply；Shaping Unit includes the phase inverter for the integral multiple that series is 2.
The width of the third transistor 7 is 6-18 times of the width of second transistor 6.
The quantity of the probe unit is two or more, and the quantity of mirror image unit and the quantity of probe unit match.
The shaping unit includes that the series of phase inverter is 2, and shaping unit includes the 4th transistor 10, the 5th transistor 11, the 9th transistor 12 and the tenth transistor 13；The source electrode of 4th transistor 10 and the tenth transistor 13 is connected to power supply simultaneously； The grid of 9th transistor 12 and the grid of the 4th transistor 10 are connected to the drain electrode of third transistor 7, source electrode ground connection, drain electrode simultaneously It is connected to the drain electrode of the 4th transistor 10；The grid of tenth transistor 13 and the grid of the 5th transistor 11 are connected to the 4th crystal simultaneously The drain electrode of pipe 10, source electrode ground connection, drain electrode are connected to the drain electrode of the 5th transistor 11.
The electricity that the light quantity input that probe unit is used for the light stream by irradiation on the photodiode is converted to electric current exports, Wherein, first capacitor 2 is used to store and maintain the stabilization of the output electric current of first diode 1, and the first amplifier 5 can be improved the 6th The response speed of voltage change is generated between the source electrode and grid of transistor 4.In other words, the first amplifier 5 improves pixel circuit Detect the speed of light intensity variation.
Mirror image unit is used to amplify and transmit the output electric current of probe unit, the ratio between third transistor 7 and second transistor 6 Determine the amplification factor of photoelectric current.
Shaping unit is used to buffer the output signal and shaping output square-wave signal of mirror image unit.
Working principle and detailed process of the present invention for the sensor of electrical energy measurement, are described in detail as follows:
The size of the electric current exported when first diode 1 is by illumination and the intensity of optical signal are directly proportional, and the electric current is first One capacitor 2 stores and maintains the stabilization of output electric current, and then the electric current is transmitted to after the amplification of the first time of the 7th transistor 8 The drain electrode of second transistor 6 in mirror image unit, if making third crystal after the current mirror unit is by secondary ratio enlargement Leakage current in the drain electrode of pipe 7 rises since the resistance of the 8th transistor 9 acts on, and due to the clamping action of current mirror, makes Third transistor 7 drain electrode on voltage close to voltage and trigger the level of phase inverter overturning and inverted device buffering shaping after it is defeated Pulse square wave out.Wherein, the duty ratio with luminous intensity of pulse square wave are corresponding；The 6th transistor 4 can be improved in first amplifier 5 Source electrode and grid between generate voltage change response speed；The first transistor 3 and the 8th transistor 9 are two poles of transistor The load resistance of pipe connection.
In conclusion the sensor for electrical energy measurement of the invention, solves wrong report existing in the prior art, fails to report Phenomenon makes image data in the analysis of transformer equipment spectrum image obtain efficient utilization, guarantees that grid equipment is securely and reliably transported Row, theoretical and practical significance with higher.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811415900.7A CN109541347B (en) | 2018-11-26 | 2018-11-26 | Sensor for electric energy metering |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811415900.7A CN109541347B (en) | 2018-11-26 | 2018-11-26 | Sensor for electric energy metering |
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| CN109541347A true CN109541347A (en) | 2019-03-29 |
| CN109541347B CN109541347B (en) | 2020-11-06 |
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