CN109538649B - Axial movable extrusion type multilayer cylindrical clutch based on magnetorheological fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an axial movable extrusion type multilayer cylindrical clutch based on magnetorheological fluid, which consists of an input group, an output group and a spring piston group. The input group comprises an input shaft, a solenoid and the like. The output group comprises an output shaft inner shaft, an output shaft outer shaft, a motor and the like, wherein the output shaft inner shaft is supported in a cavity on the inner side of the output shaft outer shaft through a linear bearing, the output shaft outer shaft and the output shaft inner shaft are matched through a spline-like tooth structure, and the tail end of the output shaft inner shaft is matched with an output turbine of the motor; when the motor rotates, the inner shaft of the output shaft is driven to axially move, so that the length and the adjacent area of an annular cavity formed by the input shaft and the output shaft are changed. The piston cam group comprises a piston and four springs, the piston is fixed on an outer shaft of the output shaft, the piston is provided with a discharge hole, and two sides of the four springs are respectively connected with the head part and the inner wall of the piston. When the piston head moves leftwards under the action of magnetic field force, the piston head can extrude the magnetorheological fluid in the annular cavity, and the force and torque transmission capacity of the clutch is improved.

Description

Axial movable extrusion type multilayer cylindrical clutch based on magnetorheological fluid

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of clutches for automobiles, and particularly relates to an axial movable extrusion type multilayer cylindrical clutch based on magnetorheological fluid, which is applied to an automobile chassis.

Background

The clutch is the "coupling" of engine power to the external output, which is the component that disconnects and transmits power between the engine and the vehicle driveline. During the whole process of starting the automobile to normally drive, the driver needs to operate the clutch to temporarily separate or gradually connect the engine and the transmission system so as to cut off or transmit the power output from the engine to the transmission system. The clutch is used for enabling the engine and the transmission to be gradually engaged, so that the automobile is ensured to start stably; temporarily disconnecting the engine from the transmission to facilitate shifting and reduce shock during shifting; when the automobile is braked emergently, the brake can play a role in separation, and the transmission systems such as a speed changer and the like are prevented from being overloaded, so that a certain protection effect is achieved.

The clutch is divided into four types, namely an electromagnetic clutch, a magnetic powder clutch, a friction clutch and a hydraulic clutch. Because the traditional clutch for the automobile has the phenomenon of 'jamming' due to improper operation when the automobile starts, shifts gears and accelerates, the shape of the clutch is changed on the basis of the design of the traditional clutch for the automobile, and magnetorheological fluid is used to reduce the shaking and impact of the clutch when the automobile shifts gears.

The magnetic rheological liquid is ferromagnetic fine particle, and is stable suspension liquid comprising solvent water, mineral oil, silicon oil, etc. capable of dispersing magnetic particle homogeneously and surfactant, and has high saturation magnetization in polarizability of magnetic field. The magnetorheological fluid is a novel fluid, and the yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid is changed along with the change of an external magnetic field. Based on the special mechanical property of the magnetorheological fluid, the magnetorheological fluid can be used for devices controlled by an external magnetic field, such as a magnetorheological clutch, a damper, a shock absorber and the like. The magnetorheological fluid clutch is an important application direction of the magnetorheological fluid. The intensity and the existence of the external magnetic field can be controlled to ensure the smooth combination and separation of the clutch. The traditional clutch has the defects of easy abrasion, high noise and the like, and the magnetorheological fluid clutch has the characteristics of simple structure, low energy consumption, high response speed and the like, and can effectively solve the problems. However, the magnetorheological fluid has the disadvantages of insufficient shear yield stress and insufficient torsion force, and the application of the magnetorheological fluid is always restricted by the disadvantages.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an axially movable extrusion type multilayer cylinder clutch based on magnetorheological fluid.

The principle is that the shearing force generated in the process of converting the liquid-like body into the solid-like body after the electromagnetic coil is electrified by the magnetorheological liquid is utilized to realize the non-mechanical contact transmission force and moment of the output shaft, so that the shaking and the impact of the common clutch when the force and the moment from the engine are transmitted can be overcome. Because the shearing yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid is insufficient and the torsion force is insufficient, the output shaft is divided into the output shaft inner shaft and the output shaft outer shaft, the inner shaft can axially move under the driving of the rotation of the motor turbine, the length of an annular cavity formed after the input shaft and the output shaft are matched with each other and the size of the adjacent area are changed, so that the shearing force formed after the magnetorheological fluid is electrified is distributed in a plurality of curved surfaces, and the total shearing force is increased. In addition, after the power is on, the head of the annular cylinder piston can extrude the magnetorheological fluid in the piston to enter an annular cavity formed by the input shaft and the output shaft under the action of a magnetic field force, and the magnetorheological fluid can be extruded to improve the force and moment transmission capacity of the magnetorheological fluid. Although this measure increases the transmission capacity of the reinforcing clutch to a certain extent, the invention is not suitable for the field of commercial vehicles because of the high forces and torques transmitted by the chassis drive train of commercial vehicles.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme, which is described by combining the accompanying drawings as follows:

an axially movable extrusion type multi-layer cylinder clutch based on magnetorheological fluid is composed of an input group, an output group and a spring piston group.

The input group comprises an input shaft 1, an input end cover 2, an input end shell 3, an annular rubber block 4, an electromagnetic coil 5 and the like. The input shaft 1 is supported on the input end shell 4 through a rolling bearing II 25, the inner side and the outer side of the rolling bearing II 25 are respectively fixed through a shaft shoulder and the input end cover 2, and a sealing felt is arranged in the input end cover 2 to prevent liquid leakage. The inner circle of the electromagnetic coil 5 is matched with the outer circle of the input shaft 1, and the left side and the right side of the electromagnetic coil are respectively provided with an annular rubber block 4 for fixing and realizing the sealing of the joint of the input end shell 3 and the output end shell 7.

The output shaft is divided into an output shaft inner shaft 14 and an output shaft outer shaft 13. The output shaft outer shaft 13 is fixed on the output end shell 7 through a rolling bearing III 26, the inner side and the outer side of the rolling bearing III 26 are respectively fixed through a shaft shoulder and an output end cover 8, and a sealing felt is arranged in the input end cover 8 to prevent liquid leakage. A linear bearing 17 is arranged between the output shaft inner shaft 14 and the output shaft outer shaft 13, and the output shaft inner shaft 14 is supported in the inner cavity of the output shaft outer shaft 13 shell through the linear bearing 1. The left side of the output shaft inner shaft 14 can cooperate with the right side of the input shaft 1 to form an annular cavity 22. One end of the outer circumference of the middle part of the output shaft inner shaft 14 is manufactured into a spline-like tooth structure 18, a part of the length of the inner wall of the output shaft outer shaft 13 corresponding to the spline-like tooth structure is manufactured into a spline-like groove structure 19, and the output shaft inner shaft 14 and the output shaft outer shaft 13 are matched through the spline-like structure, so that the output shaft inner shaft 14 can be kept horizontal when moving axially, and the additional stress acting on the linear bearing 17 and the motor turbine 16 is relieved.

A part of the outer circumference of the right side of the output shaft inner shaft 14 is manufactured into a worm screw thread structure, a motor 23 is arranged in a cavity between the output shaft outer shaft 13 and the output shaft 14, and the motor 23 is supported on the inner wall of the output shaft outer shaft 13 through a motor supporting rod 24. When the clutch works, the motor 23 does circular motion along with the output shaft outer shaft 13. The power output end of the motor 23, namely the motor turbine 16, is matched with the worm-like structure 15 corresponding to the tail end of the output shaft inner shaft 14. When the motor 23 is electrified to work and rotate, the motor turbine 16 rotates to drive the worm-like structure 15 at the tail end of the output shaft inner shaft 14 to move axially, so that the output shaft inner shaft 14 moves in the axial direction, and the length of the annular cavity 22 and the area of an adjacent surface are changed. The electrifying time of the motor 23 is comprehensively set by the rotating speed of the motor and the axial distance between the M surface of the output shaft inner shaft 14 and the N surface of the output shaft outer shaft 13, when the M surface is about to contact with the N surface, the motor 23 is powered off, and the worm-like structure 15 and the motor turbine 16 are kept in a meshed state.

The spring piston group comprises a piston 10, four springs 11, a rolling bearing I20, magnetorheological fluid 21 and the like. The annular cavity 22 formed by assembling the input shaft 1, the output shaft inner shaft 14 and the output shaft outer shaft 13 is filled with magnetorheological fluid 21. The inner circle of the piston 10 is fixed on the outer circumference of the output shaft outer shaft 13 through a rolling bearing I20, the piston head 12 divides a cavity in the piston 10 into a left part and a right part, and the left cavity is filled with magnetorheological fluid 21 and is provided with a discharge hole 9. One side of each of four springs 11 with lower rigidity is uniformly connected to the side wall of the piston 10 in a circumferential mode, and the other side of each of the four springs is connected to the head 12 of the piston, so that the magneto-rheological fluid 21 in the annular cavity 22 is extruded by the left and right movement of the piston 10. The piston head 12 can be moved to the left or right by a magnetic field force or a spring force.

The distance between the annular cavity 22 formed by the matching of the output shaft inner shaft 14 and the output shaft outer shaft 13 with the input shaft 1 and the adjacent contact surface area can be changed by changing the axial position of the output shaft inner shaft 14 when the clutch works, and meanwhile, the magnetorheological fluid 21 in the annular cavity 22 can be extruded by the attraction of the magnetic field force to the piston head 12, so that the force and torque transmission capability of the clutch during working is improved.

In the invention, the input end cover 2 and the output end cover 8 are both provided with sealing felts to prevent liquid leakage.

The input end cover 2 is connected with the input end shell 3, the output end cover 8 is connected with the output end shell 7, and the input end shell 3 is connected with the output end shell 7 through bolts, and is provided with a locking washer;

rolling bearings are arranged between the input shaft 1 and the input end shell 3, between the output shaft outer shaft 13 and the output end shell 7, the inner sides of the rolling bearings are fixed through shaft shoulders, and the outer sides of the rolling bearings are fixed through the input end cover 2 and the output end cover 8 respectively.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the telescopic annular interlayer formed by the input shaft and the output shaft in the axially movable extrusion type multilayer cylindrical clutch designed based on the magnetorheological fluid increases the indirect contact area between the input shaft and the input shaft, can make up the defect of insufficient shearing force of the magnetorheological fluid in the aspects of force transmission and moment to a certain extent, and can increase the length of an annular cavity and the area of an adjacent surface by the axial movement of the inner shaft of the output shaft. Meanwhile, due to the extrusion effect of the piston and the centrifugal effect of liquid, the clutch can have a certain extrusion effect on the magnetorheological liquid filled in the annular cavity formed by the input shaft and the output shaft when in work, and the capability of transmitting force and torque can be further improved. The method that the annular cavity is filled with the magnetorheological fluid can reduce the waste of materials for manufacturing the shaft on the premise of ensuring the strength of the input shaft of the clutch, and can reduce the quality of the clutch. The invention relates to a non-contact type vibration-damping noise-reducing clutch, which changes the shapes of an input shaft and an output shaft on the basis of the original clutch and uses a novel material, namely magnetorheological fluid, as a medium for connecting the input shaft and the output shaft. Meanwhile, the mass of the clutch is reduced, the capability of the clutch for transmitting force and torque is improved, and shaking and impact during transmission are reduced. The invention has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, convenient use, high economic performance and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an output shaft of an axially movable squeeze type multi-layered cylindrical clutch based on magnetorheological fluid according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an output shaft type worm gear of an axially movable extrusion type multilayer cylindrical clutch based on magnetorheological fluid;

FIGS. 4 and 5 are partial enlarged views of the structure of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the magnetorheological fluid based axially movable squeeze multilayer cylinder clutch of the present invention shown in the disengaged position;

FIGS. 7 and 8 are partial enlarged views of the structure of FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the magnetorheological fluid based axially movable squeeze multilayer cylinder clutch of the present invention in operation;

FIGS. 10 and 11 are enlarged partial views of the structure of FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view A-A of an axially movable squeeze multilayer cylinder clutch of the present invention based on magnetorheological fluid;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view B-B of an axially movable squeeze multilayer cylinder clutch of the present invention based on magnetorheological fluid;

FIG. 14 is a right side view of a magnetorheological fluid based axially movable squeeze multilayer cylinder clutch of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a partial enlarged view of the structure of fig. 14.

FIG. 16 is an axial cross-sectional view of a magnetorheological fluid based axially movable squeeze multilayer cylinder clutch piston of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a circumferential cross-sectional view of a piston of an axially movable squeeze multilayer cylinder clutch based on magnetorheological fluid in accordance with the present invention.

In the figure, 1, an input shaft 2, an input end cover 3, an input end shell 4, an annular rubber block 5, an electromagnetic coil 6, an annular sealing ring 7, an output end shell 8, an output end cover 9, a discharge hole 10, an annular cylinder piston 11, a spring 12, a piston head 13, an output shaft outer shaft 14, an output shaft inner shaft 15, a worm-like structure 16, a motor turbine 17, a linear bearing 18, a spline-like groove structure 19, a spline-like tooth structure 20, a rolling bearing I21, magnetorheological fluid 22, a telescopic annular cavity 23, a motor 24, a motor supporting rod 25, a rolling bearing II 26 and a rolling bearing III.

Detailed Description

The design idea of the clutch provided by the invention is as follows: the magnetorheological fluid is used as a transmission medium between the input shaft and the output shaft, and the magnetic field force generated after the electromagnetic coil is electrified pulls the head of the piston to move towards one side of the piston with the drainage hole, so that the magnetorheological fluid in the annular cavity is extruded. Meanwhile, after the motor is electrified, the turbine of the motor rotates to drive the output shaft to move towards the right side, and at the moment, the length and the adjacent area of the annular cavity between the input shaft and the output shaft are increased, so that more magnetorheological liquid is filled into the annular cavity. Because the annular cavity is filled with the magnetic field, the magnetorheological fluid is converted from a liquid-like medium into a solid-like medium, and the magnetorheological fluid is mutually attracted along the direction of the magnetic field to form a chain, the shearing resistance generated by the relative motion of the magnetorheological fluid is increased by the chain structure, and the viscous force generated by the shearing force of the magnetorheological fluid drives the inner shaft of the output shaft and the outer shaft of the output shaft to rotate. A section of length of the middle part of the output shaft outer shaft and the output shaft inner shaft is made into a spline-like structure, and after the output shaft inner shaft and the output shaft outer shaft are assembled, the spline-like structure enables the two output shafts to rotate at the same angular speed, so that the input shaft and the output shaft are not combined in a mechanical contact mode. The input shaft and the output shaft do not have mechanical contact in the process, so that shaking and impact generated when a driving part and a driven part of a traditional clutch are in contact are reduced.

When the clutch is separated, the electromagnetic coil is powered off, no magnetic field effect exists in the shell inside the clutch, the magnetorheological liquid filled in the annular cavity and the piston is changed from a solid-like state to a liquid-like state, the shearing force generated by the magnetorheological liquid on the inner wall of the annular cavity is almost zero, and the power of the input shaft cannot be transmitted to the output shaft through the magnetorheological liquid. Meanwhile, the motor at the tail end of the output shaft is electrified, but the motor rotates reversely at the moment, the power output structure of the motor, namely the motor turbine rotates reversely, the worm-like structure at the tail end of the output shaft matched with the motor is pushed to move axially towards the inside of the clutch, the inner shaft of the output shaft moves axially leftwards, and the length and the adjacent area of the annular cavity are reduced. The magnetorheological fluid originally filled in the piston is extruded into the piston, and the piston head moves rightwards under the extrusion of the magnetorheological fluid and the pushing action of the spring. Similarly, the time of reverse power-on rotation of the motor is comprehensively set by the rotating speed of the motor and the distance between the M surface of the inner shaft of the output shaft and the N surface of the outer shaft of the output shaft, when the M surface is about to contact with the N surface, the motor is powered off, and the worm-like structure and the motor turbine are kept in a meshed state.

The following description will further describe the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

The invention aims to solve the problem that the common passenger car clutch shakes and impacts during gear shifting, and is not suitable for occasions of commercial transmission of large power and large load due to the performance limitation of magnetorheological fluid. The axial movable extrusion type multilayer cylinder clutch designed based on the magnetorheological fluid is composed of an input group, an output group and a spring piston group. The output shaft inner shaft 14 is supported in a cavity inside the output shaft outer shaft 13 by a linear bearing 17, the shafts being coaxial. The spline-like groove structure 19 in the middle of the output shaft outer shaft 13 is matched with the spline-like tooth structure 18 at the corresponding part of the output shaft inner shaft 14, the length of the spline-like groove structure 19 is slightly greater than that of the spline-like tooth structure 18, and the spline-like tooth structure 18 on the output shaft inner shaft 14 can be always in a meshing state with the spline-like groove structure 19 when the output shaft inner shaft 14 moves axially. The tail end of an inner shaft 14 of the output shaft is made into a worm-like structure 15, the worm-like structure 15 is matched with a motor turbine 16, and the motor turbine 16 is a power output device of a motor 23. The motor 23 is fixed on the inner wall of the output shaft outer shaft 13 through the motor support rod 24, when the motor 23 is electrified, the motor turbine 16 rotates to drive the worm-like mechanism 15 matched with the motor turbine to move axially, so that the output shaft inner shaft 14 moves axially, and the length and the adjacent area of the annular cavity 22 formed by the input shaft 1 and the output shaft are increased. The input shaft 1 and the output shaft are supported on the input end shell 4 and the output end shell 9 through a rolling bearing II 25 and a rolling bearing III 26 respectively, the two shells are connected through bolts, and an annular rubber block 4 is arranged at the joint to realize sealing. The piston 10 is fixed on the outer circumference of an output shaft outer shaft 13 through a rolling bearing I20, a discharge hole 9 is formed in the outer circumference of the piston 10, one side of four springs 11 with low rigidity is connected to a piston head 12, and the other side of the springs is uniformly connected to the inner side wall of the piston 10 in a circumferential mode. When the piston head 12 is moved to the left by the magnetic force, it can squeeze the magnetorheological fluid 21 in the annular cavity 22 (the volume of the annular cavity changes with the movement of the shaft in the output shaft after being electrified), and the capability of the clutch to transmit force and torque is improved.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a cross-sectional view and a C-C view of an output shaft of an axial movable extrusion type multi-layer cylinder clutch based on magnetorheological fluid are shown. As shown in fig. 1, the output shaft is mainly composed of an output shaft inner shaft 14 and an output shaft outer shaft 13, and an annular cylinder on the left side of the output shaft is matched with the input shaft 1 to form an annular cavity 22. The output shaft outer shaft 13 and the output shaft inner shaft 14 are supported through a linear bearing 17, and meanwhile, an annular sealing ring 6 with the L-shaped cross section is used in a matched mode to prevent the magnetorheological liquid 21 from leaking through the inner contact surface and the outer contact surface of the output shaft when the output shaft inner shaft 14 moves axially. As shown in fig. 2, a section of the middle of the output shaft inner shaft 14 and the output shaft outer shaft 13 is made into a spline-like structure. The inner wall of a certain length of the output shaft outer shaft 13 is made into a spline-like groove structure 19, the outer circumference of a certain length of the output shaft inner shaft 14 is made into a spline-like tooth structure 18, the length of the spline-like groove structure 19 is properly larger than the length corresponding to the spline-like tooth structure 18 on the outer circumference of the corresponding output shaft inner shaft 14, and the output shaft inner shaft 14 and the output shaft outer shaft 18 are always in a combined state through the spline-like structure.

Fig. 3, 4 and 5 show a sectional view and a partial enlarged view of a worm-gear-like structure at the tail end of an output shaft of an axially movable extrusion type multilayer cylindrical clutch based on magnetorheological fluid. In order to realize the axial movement of the output shaft inner shaft 14, the tail end of the output shaft inner shaft 14 is made into a worm-like structure 15, a motor 23 is arranged in a cavity between the output shaft outer shaft 13 and the output shaft inner shaft 14, and the motor 23 is fixed with the inner wall of the output shaft outer shaft 13 through a motor support rod 24. When the motor 23 is powered on, the power output end-motor turbine 16 rotates to drive the worm-like structure 17 to move towards the right, at this time, the output shaft inner shaft 14 integrally moves towards the right in the axial direction, and the spline structure after the output shaft outer shaft 13 is matched with the output shaft inner shaft 14 is still in a meshing state. The clearance between the surface M of the inner shaft of the output shaft and the surface N of the outer shaft of the output shaft is reduced, and at the moment, the left side of the inner shaft 14 of the output shaft is matched with the input shaft 1 to form an annular cavity 22, so that the working area and the length of the shearing force generated by the magnetorheological fluid 21 are increased. The time for electrifying and rotating the motor 23 is comprehensively set by the rotating speed of the motor and the distance between the M surface of the output shaft inner shaft 14 and the N surface of the output shaft outer shaft 13, when the M surface is about to contact with the N surface, the motor 23 is powered off, and the worm-like structure 15 and the motor turbine 26 are kept in a meshed state.

As shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, and fig. 9, 10 and 11, the cross-sectional view of the axially movable squeeze type multi-layer cylinder clutch based on the magnetorheological fluid design in the non-operating state, the cross-sectional view of the axially movable squeeze type multi-layer cylinder clutch in the operating state and the corresponding partial structure enlarged view are shown. Input shaft 1 supports on input casing 3 through antifriction bearing III 26, and antifriction bearing III 26 is inboard fixed through the shaft shoulder, and the outside is fixed through input end cover 2, and input end cover 2 passes through bolted connection with input casing 3 to at the inside close felt that sets up of input end cover 2, the circle cooperates with 1 outmost circle of input shaft in solenoid 5, and both sides set up the sealed of the axial fixity of annular rubber block 4 realization solenoid 5 and two casing junctions. The piston 10 is fixed on an output shaft outer shaft 13 through a rolling bearing I20, and a discharge hole 9 is formed in the outer side of the piston 10 so that the interior of the piston 10 is communicated with magnetorheological fluid 21 in an annular cavity 22. Four springs 11 are arranged around the circumference in the piston 10, one side of each spring 11 is connected with the inner side wall of the piston 10, and the other side of each spring 11 is connected with the piston head 12. The input shaft 1 and the output shaft are matched to form an annular cavity 22, magnetorheological fluid 21 is filled in the annular cavity, the output shaft inner shaft 14 is supported in the cavity of the output shaft outer shaft 13 through the linear bearing 17, when the clutch is in a working state, the motor 23 is electrified, the worm-like mechanism 15 on the right side of the output shaft inner shaft 14 is driven by the power output end of the motor 23, namely the motor turbine 16 to move axially, and then the length of the annular cavity 22 and the area of an adjacent curved surface are changed. The annular sealing ring 6 with the L-shaped cross section is used for preventing the magnetorheological fluid 21 from leaking through the contact surface of the inner shaft and the outer shaft when the inner shaft 14 of the output shaft moves axially.

Referring to fig. 12 and 13, a sectional view a-a and a sectional view B-B of the axial movable squeeze type multi-layered cylinder clutch designed based on magnetorheological fluid are shown in the working state of the invention. Since the inner shaft 14 of the output shaft is axially displaceable during operation of the clutch, the length and adjacent surface area of the annular cavity 22 between the input shaft 1 and the output shafts 15,16 is varied. When the clutch works normally, the working area of the shearing force generated by the magnetorheological fluid 21 can be changed, and the force and moment transmission capacity of the clutch is improved.

Referring to fig. 14 and 15, a right side view and a partial enlarged view of the axial movable extrusion type multi-layer cylinder clutch based on magnetorheological fluid design is shown. The input end housing 3 is connected with the output end housing 7 through a bolt. The output end cover 8 is connected with the output end shell 7 through bolts. The worm-like structure 15 at the tail end of the output shaft inner shaft 14 is meshed with a power output end of a motor 23, namely a motor turbine 16, and the motor 23 is fixed on the inner wall of the output shaft outer shaft 13 through a motor support rod 24. When the clutch works, the motor 23 rotates along the pointer to enable the inner shaft 14 of the output shaft to move towards the right side; when the clutch is disengaged, the motor 23 rotates counterclockwise, moving the output shaft inner shaft 14 to the left.

Fig. 16-17 are axial and circumferential cross-sectional views of the piston structure of the axially movable extrusion type multi-layer cylinder clutch based on magnetorheological fluid design. The outer wall of the piston 10 is provided with a discharge hole 9, the piston head 12 divides the interior of the piston 10 into two parts, the right side space is in a cavity state, and the left side is filled with magnetorheological fluid 21. Four springs 11 are arranged inside the piston 10 around the circumference, one side of each spring 11 is connected to the side wall of the annular cylinder piston 10, and the other side of each spring 11 is connected to the piston head 12.

The specific working process of the invention is as follows:

when the clutch is in a disconnected state, the electromagnetic coil 5 and the motor 23 are not electrified, so that no magnetic field exists in the clutch, the piston head 12 of the piston 10 is almost in the original position due to the action of the magnetic field, the spring 11 connected with the piston head 12 is in a free extension state, and the piston head 12 cannot extrude the magnetorheological liquid 21 in the piston 10; meanwhile, because the motor 23 does not rotate, the inner shaft 14 of the clutch output shaft does not move axially, and the inner sides of the input shaft 1 and the output shaft cannot be matched to form the annular cavity 22. The viscous force of the inner wall of the annular cavity 22 is almost zero, the power and the moment input by the clutch input shaft 1 cannot drive the output shaft to rotate through the magnetorheological fluid 21, and at the moment, the input shaft 1 and the output shafts 15 and 16 are in a separation state.

When the clutch works, the motor 23 is firstly electrified, at the moment, the power output end of the motor 23, namely the motor turbine 16, rotates clockwise to drive the worm-like structure 15 at the tail end of the output shaft inner shaft 14 matched with the motor to move, the output shaft inner shaft 14 moves towards the right side, the input shaft 1 and the output shaft inner side 14 are matched to form an annular cavity 22, and the magnetorheological liquid 21 is filled in the annular cavity. The time for electrifying and rotating the motor 23 is comprehensively set by the rotating speed of the motor and the distance between the M surface of the output shaft inner shaft 14 and the N surface of the output shaft outer shaft 13, when the M surface is about to contact with the N surface, the motor 23 is powered off, and the worm-like structure 15 and the motor turbine 26 are kept in a meshed state. After the subsequent electromagnetic coil 5 is electrified, magnetic field force exists in gaps among the input end shell 3, the output end shell 7, the annular cavity 22 and the annular cylinder piston 10, suspended particles in magnetorheological fluid are magnetized under the action of a magnetic field and mutually attracted along the direction of the magnetic field to form a chain shape, the shearing resistance generated by relative motion of the magnetorheological fluid is increased by the chain-shaped structure, and at the moment, the viscous force generated by the shearing force of the magnetorheological fluid drives the output shaft to rotate, so that the input shaft 1 and the output shaft are in a non-contact combination state and are in a working state. In addition, since the piston head 12 of the piston 10 is acted by the leftward magnetic field force, the magnetic field force is increased along with the increase of the current in the electromagnetic coil 5, the length of the spring 11 connected with the piston head 12 is gradually shortened from a freely extended state due to the increasingly larger magnetic field force, and the piston head 12 presses the magnetorheological fluid 21 in the piston 10 to flow out of the discharge port 9 of the piston 10. The magnetorheological fluid 21 flowing out of the discharge port 9 of the piston 10 is communicated with the magnetorheological fluid 21 originally positioned in the telescopic annular cavity 23, so that the movement of the piston head 12 can extrude all the magnetorheological fluid 21 in the whole closed space, and the force and moment transmission capacity of the clutch can be improved. When the torque and the force transmitted by the clutch gradually rise, the current in the electromagnetic coil 5 can be increased to increase the compression degree of the piston 10, so that more magnetorheological liquid 21 is extruded into the annular cavity 22, the increase of the viscous force generated by shearing the magnetorheological liquid 21 is ensured, and the reduction of the rotational slip of the input shaft 1 and the output shaft is realized until the input shaft 1 and the output shaft synchronously rotate.

When the clutch is stopped from working to working, the electromagnetic coil 5 is powered off. At this time, no magnetic field exists in the clutch, the magnetorheological fluid 21 filled in the annular cavity 22 formed by the input shaft 1 and the output shaft is similar to liquid, and the viscous force of the inner wall of the annular cavity 22 is almost zero. At the moment, the motor 23 rotates anticlockwise, and the power output end of the motor 23, namely the motor turbine 24, drives the worm-like structure 15 matched with the motor turbine to move left in the axial direction, so that the inner shaft 14 of the output shaft moves left. The annular cavity 22 formed by the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 14 is reduced. Meanwhile, as the magnetic field force disappears, the spring 11 in the piston 10 is reset, and under the thrust action of the spring 11 and the influence of the overflow of the magnetorheological liquid 21 originally in the annular cavity 22, the magnetorheological liquid 21 flows into the piston 10 through the drain hole 11. The time for electrifying and rotating the motor 23 is comprehensively set by the rotating speed of the motor and the distance between the M surface of the output shaft inner shaft 14 and the N surface of the output shaft outer shaft 13, when the M surface is about to contact with the N surface, the motor 23 is powered off, and the worm-like structure 15 and the motor turbine 26 are kept in a meshed state.

The above description is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention should not be limited to the disclosure of the embodiment and the drawings. Therefore, it is intended that all equivalents and modifications which do not depart from the spirit of the invention disclosed herein are deemed to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. An axial movable extrusion type multilayer cylinder clutch based on magnetorheological fluid is characterized in that: the device consists of an input group, an output group and a spring piston group;

the input group mainly comprises an input shaft (1), an electromagnetic coil (6) matched with the input shaft and an input end shell (3), wherein the input shaft (1) is matched with the input end shell (3) through a rolling bearing II (25);

the output group mainly comprises an output shaft, an output end shell (7) and a motor (23), the output shaft is fixed with the output end shell (7) through a rolling bearing III (26), the output shaft comprises an output shaft inner shaft (14) and an output shaft outer shaft (13), the output shaft inner shaft (14) is matched with the interior of the shell of the output shaft outer shaft (13) through a linear bearing (17), the output shaft inner shaft (14) is matched with the output shaft outer shaft (13) through a spline, the motor (23) is positioned in a cavity between the output shaft inner shaft (14) and the output shaft outer shaft (13) and is fixed on the inner wall of the output shaft outer shaft (13) through a motor supporting rod (24), and a motor turbine (16) of the motor (23) is meshed with a worm structure (15) at the tail end;

the piston cam group mainly comprises a piston (10) and four springs (11), the piston (10) is fixed on an output shaft outer shaft (13) through a rolling bearing I (20), two sides of each spring (11) are respectively connected with a piston head (12) of the piston (10) and the inner side wall of the piston (10), the piston head (12) divides a cavity in the piston (10) into a left part and a right part, and the left side is filled with magnetorheological liquid (21) and is provided with a drainage hole (9);

the input end shell (3) is connected with the output end shell (7), the output shaft inner shaft (14) is matched with the input shaft (1) to form an annular cavity (22) which is filled with magnetorheological liquid (21), and the piston head (12) can move left and right to extrude the magnetorheological liquid (21) in the annular cavity (22).

2. The magnetorheological fluid based axially movable squeeze multilayer cylinder clutch according to claim 1, wherein: the input group further comprises an input end cover (2) connected with the input end shell (3) and annular rubber blocks (5) arranged on two sides of the electromagnetic coil (6), the input end cover (2) is connected with the input end shell (3) through bolts, and is provided with a lock washer.

3. The magnetorheological fluid based axially movable squeeze multilayer cylinder clutch according to claim 1, wherein: the output group further comprises an output end cover (8) connected with the output end shell (7), the output end cover (8) is connected with the output end shell (7) through bolts, and a locking washer is arranged on the output end cover (8).

4. The magnetorheological fluid based axially movable squeeze multilayer cylinder clutch according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: and sealing felts are arranged in the input end cover (2) and the output end cover (8).

5. The magnetorheological fluid based axially movable squeeze multilayer cylinder clutch according to claim 1, wherein: the outer circumference of the output shaft inner shaft (14) is provided with a spline tooth structure (19), the inner wall of the output shaft outer shaft (13) is provided with a spline groove structure (18), the spline groove structure (18) is matched with the spline tooth structure (19) to enable the output shaft inner shaft (14) to be horizontal when moving axially, and the additional stress of the output shaft inner shaft (14) to the linear bearing (17) and the motor turbine (16) at the tail end is reduced.

6. The magnetorheological fluid based axially movable squeeze multilayer cylinder clutch according to claim 1, wherein: the input end shell (3) is connected with the output end shell (7) through bolts, and is provided with a locking washer.

7. The magnetorheological fluid based axially movable squeeze multilayer cylinder clutch according to claim 1, wherein: after the electromagnetic coil (5) and the motor (23) are electrified, the inner shaft (14) of the output shaft axially moves towards the outer side of the clutch in a small displacement mode, and the length of the annular cavity (22) and the area of an adjacent surface are increased.

8. The magnetorheological fluid based axially movable squeeze multilayer cylinder clutch according to claim 1, wherein: the magnetorheological fluid (21) in the annular cavity (22) is communicated with the fluid in the piston (10).

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