CN109458635B - Rural top of a kitchen range furnace - Google Patents

Rural top of a kitchen range furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109458635B
CN109458635B CN201811486641.7A CN201811486641A CN109458635B CN 109458635 B CN109458635 B CN 109458635B CN 201811486641 A CN201811486641 A CN 201811486641A CN 109458635 B CN109458635 B CN 109458635B
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water
hearth
heat absorption
water tank
heat
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CN109458635A (en
Inventor
吕春旺
张军帅
闫立强
袁天昊
王万召
蒋建飞
宋艳苹
杨晓敏
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Henan University of Urban Construction
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Henan University of Urban Construction
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24BDOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B9/00Stoves, ranges or flue-gas ducts, with additional provisions for heating water 
    • F24B9/003Ranges

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a rural cooking bench hearth, which comprises a body and a water tank, wherein the water tank is arranged on the outer wall of the body, the body is in a trapezoid cylinder shape, a furnace ring cover, a top base, a heat absorption layer, a fire grate, an ash bucket and a base are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the heat absorption layer is communicated with the water tank, the heat absorption layer is in a net shape, a heat flow channel is arranged in the middle of the net-shaped heat absorption layer, combustion flame passes through the heat flow channel to the top base, the water tank is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet is communicated with a water source, and the water outlet is communicated with water equipment. According to the rural cooking bench hearth, the heat of high-temperature combustion air flow can be absorbed through the heat absorption layer, the temperature of the hearth wall surface can be absorbed, and the water temperature heating speed in the water tank is ensured; the normal heating requirement of the stove can be ensured through the preset heat flow channel, the heat absorption layer can reduce the combustion temperature of the combustion air flow, and the generation of non-condensable gases such as nitric oxide and the like, so that the pollution of smoke exhaust is reduced.

Description

Rural top of a kitchen range furnace
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rural cooking tops, in particular to a hearth of a rural cooking top.
Background
When most rural areas do not have central heating measures, in cold winter, coal burning or straw branch burning and other modes are generally adopted for heating in winter, and the burning modes are lagged, so that the heating effect is poor, the burning efficiency is low, resources are wasted, and the environmental pollution is high. Although some areas in China are recently subjected to policy subsidy such as 'gas change from coal', the heating cost is high, the subsidy cannot be implemented for a long time, even a phenomenon such as gas exhaustion occurs in many areas, the air can not be covered in a comprehensive manner in a short time, and therefore the heating problem in winter is still very serious.
The existing rural cooking bench adopts a single hearth, can be generally only used for heating stoves, is generally various unprocessed biomass fuels such as straw, branches and wood dust in the hearth, has a simple design, ensures that the fuels are insufficiently combusted, causes the increase of particulate matters in smoke exhaust and air pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides, and also causes great waste to the fuels.
In winter, people have large domestic hot water, and the kitchen bowls and dishes are cleaned, washed daily and the like all need hot water, and the hot water is provided by an electric kettle or a water heater, so that more electric energy is wasted. In recent years, some researches are carried out on supplying domestic water by using a heat source generated by a rural cooking bench, but most of the domestic water is discharged by using waste heat of the cooking bench, or a water pipe is wound on the outer wall of a hearth to absorb the temperature of the wall surface of the hearth, and the two waste heat utilization modes have low heat exchange efficiency, cannot meet daily water consumption and can influence the normal combustion function of the boiler cooking bench.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a rural cooking bench hearth, which can improve the waste heat utilization efficiency and ensure the efficient combustion in the hearth.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a rural top of a kitchen range furnace, includes body and water tank, the water tank is located the outer wall of body, the body is trapezoidal cylinder form, from last to being equipped with stove ring cover, top base, heat sink, grate, ash bucket and base down in proper order, the heat sink communicates with the water tank, the heat sink is netted, the middle part of netted heat sink is equipped with the heat flow channel, combustion flame warp heat flow channel to top base, the water tank is equipped with water inlet and delivery port, the water inlet intercommunication water source, delivery port intercommunication water equipment.
Preferably, the heat absorbing layer is formed by intersecting a plurality of heat absorbing water pipes, the heat flow channel is a hollow channel surrounded by the heat absorbing water pipes, and the area of the heat flow channel is larger than that of the heat absorbing water pipes.
Preferably, the heat absorption layer is a multi-layer heat absorption water pipe, the height of the heat absorption layer is 8-12cm, and the heat absorption water pipe is a corrosion-resistant metal pipe.
Preferably, the water tank is a closed heat-insulating water tank, and the lowest liquid level of the water tank is higher than the heat absorption layer.
Preferably, the side wall of the body is symmetrically provided with N air inlets along the circumferential direction, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 4; the air inlets are positioned between the fire grate and the ash hopper, the included angle between the air outlet direction of each air inlet and the tangent line of the point of the air inlet along the hearth is alpha, alpha is any angle in [ 75-85 DEG ], and the angles of the air outlet directions of the air inlets are completely the same.
Preferably, one side of the bottom of the body is provided with a fuel adding port and an ash outlet, and the fire grate is positioned between the fuel adding port and the ash outlet; each air inlet is connected with a total air inlet through an air duct, and the total air inlet is arranged at the side wall of the hearth body close to the lower part of the fire grate.
Preferably, the fuel adding port and the ash outlet are both provided with a shutter, and a fan is arranged in the total air inlet. Preferably, a cavity is arranged between the ash bucket and the base, and the cavity is communicated with the water tank.
Preferably, a water level gauge and a temperature sensor are arranged in the water tank, a control panel is arranged on the outer side of the water tank, the control panel is electrically connected with the water level gauge and the temperature sensor, and when the lowest liquid level of the water tank is lower than the heat absorption layer, the control panel controls the water tank to automatically feed water.
Preferably, each air inlet is internally provided with an electric air valve, and the control panel is electrically connected with the electric air valve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the hearth body is arranged in a trapezoid cylinder shape, the water tank surrounds the periphery of the body, a meshed heat absorption layer is arranged in the hearth body and communicated with the water tank, and a heat flow channel is formed in the middle of the meshed heat absorption layer, so that heat of high-temperature combustion air flow can be absorbed through the heat absorption layer, the temperature of the wall surface of the hearth can be absorbed, and the water temperature heating speed in the water tank is ensured; the normal heating requirement of the stove can be ensured through the preset heat flow channel, and meanwhile, the heat absorption layer can reduce the combustion temperature of the combustion air flow and the generation of non-condensable gases such as nitric oxide and the like, so that the pollution of smoke exhaust is reduced.
2. The included angle between the air outlet direction of each air inlet and the tangent line of the point of the air inlet is designed to be alpha, alpha is any angle in [ 75-85 DEG ], and the angles of the air outlet directions of the air inlets are completely the same, so that the air outlet of all the air inlets form rotary air flow at the center of a hearth, the rotary air flow can enable a windless area at the center of the hearth to form negative pressure, partial high-temperature flue gas flows back to the root of the flame from top to bottom, the filling condition of the flame in the hearth is improved, fuel on a fire grate is fully combusted, and meanwhile, the rotary air flow drives the high-temperature flue gas to form entrainment effect, so that a heat absorption layer can fully absorb high-temperature heat, and enough high-temperature flue gas can be ensured to pass through a heat flow channel to the top of a body to fully heat a stove.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a rural cooktop hearth;
FIG. 2 is a structural top view of the heat sink;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the air outlet direction of the air inlet.
In the figure: 100-body, 200-water tank and 300-stove; 110-a top base, 111-a furnace ring cover, 120-a heat absorption layer, 121-a heat absorption water pipe and 122-a heat flow channel; 130-fire grate, 131-fuel adding port, 140-ash bucket, 141-ash outlet, 150-base, 160-air inlet channel, 161-total air inlet, 162-air inlet, 163-fan and 170-vibration filter screen; 210-water inlet and 220-water outlet.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described and illustrated by the following specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a hearth suitable for a rural cooking bench, including a main body 100 and a water tank 200, wherein the water tank 200 is disposed on an outer wall of the main body 100, preferably, the water tank 200 surrounds a majority of an area of the main body 100, and a fuel adding channel and an ash discharging channel are reserved for a user to add fuel and discharge ash. The water tank 200 is provided with a water inlet 210 and a water outlet 220, wherein the water inlet 210 is communicated with a water source, and the water outlet 220 is communicated with water using equipment, so that the preparation, storage and use of hot water are realized.
The body 100 is designed into a trapezoid cylinder shape, the cross-sectional area is gradually increased from top to bottom, so that the packing area of the bottom is larger, combustion flame at the top is more concentrated, heat exchange of the flame to the side wall of the hearth is enhanced, and meanwhile, combustion air flow is filled in the hearth, so that sufficient combustion can be ensured, and heat exchange of the wall surface of the hearth and water in a water tank can be increased.
The furnace ring cover 111, the top base 110, the heat absorbing layer 120, the fire grate 130, the ash bucket 140 and the base 150 are sequentially arranged in the body 100 from top to bottom, the furnace 300 is placed on the top base 110, and the furnace ring cover 111 is used for preventing wind and gathering fire. The heat-absorbing layer 120 is communicated with the water tank 200 for absorbing heat of combustion flame more efficiently, and at the same time, in order to ensure sufficient combustion flame to heat the stove, the heat-absorbing layer 120 is made into a mesh structure, a heat flow channel 122 is provided at the middle part of the heat-absorbing layer of the mesh structure, and the combustion flame can pass through the heat flow channel 122 to the top base 110, thereby heating the stove.
According to the application, the water tank is arranged outside the body, and the heat absorption layer is arranged in the body, so that the heat of the side wall of the body can be absorbed, the heat of high-temperature flame in the body can be absorbed, the effective preparation of hot water is ensured, meanwhile, the heat absorption layer is of a net-shaped structure with a heat flow channel, only part of the heat is absorbed, and the normal combustion of the hearth and the heating of a stove are not influenced. And the heat absorption layer is arranged in the top area of the hearth, so that the combustion temperature of the combustion air flow can be partially reduced, and the generation of non-condensable gases such as nitric oxide and the like is reduced, thereby reducing the pollution of smoke exhaust.
In order to improve the heating effect of the hearth on the stove, the stove ring cover 111 can be divided into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part of the stove ring cover is of a small-inclination angle annular structure, is placed on the top base 110 and is composed of a high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant stainless steel material with a certain thickness, and is used for supporting the stove, the lower part of the stove ring cover is cylindrical, is attached to the wall surface of the upper part of the hearth body, and is made of a high-temperature-resistant stainless steel sheet, and is used for preventing wind and gathering fire.
As shown in fig. 2, the meshed heat absorbing layer 120 is formed by intersecting a plurality of heat absorbing water pipes 121, and is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and is communicated with the water tank, a hollow channel surrounded by the heat absorbing water pipes is a heat flow channel, and as the temperature of combustion flame at the top of the body is higher, a small number of heat absorbing water pipes can be arranged to meet the hot water demand, therefore, the area S1 of the heat flow channel 122 of the heat absorbing layer is set to be larger than the area S2 of the heat absorbing water pipes 121, and preferably, the value of S1/S2 is 3-5, so that the heating effect of the stove and the heat absorbing effect of the heat absorbing layer are optimal. Meanwhile, the heat absorption layers can be multiple layers, each layer is mutually communicated through a pipeline, the total height is 8-12cm, and the heat absorption effect and the combustion heating effect are further improved. Each layer of heat absorption water pipe can be communicated with the water tank and also can be communicated with the heat absorption water pipe of the adjacent layer.
In order to ensure that the water in the heat absorption layer is always in a full state, the lowest liquid level of the water tank 200 is higher than the heat absorption layer 120, the lowest liquid level is ensured by automatic water inlet, and the water tank 200 is arranged as a closed heat-insulating water tank, so that heat loss of hot water is avoided.
As shown in fig. 3, in order to further improve the combustion effect of the furnace, N air inlets 162, such as 4-10 air inlets (4 are illustrated as an example), are symmetrically disposed on the side wall of the furnace body 100 along the circumferential direction, and the air inlets 162 are located between the grate 130 and the ash bucket 140, preferably, are disposed about 5cm-10cm below the grate, so that the fuel on the grate 130 is combusted more fully. Each air inlet is connected with a total air inlet 161 through an air duct 160, and the total air inlet 161 is arranged at the side wall of the hearth body 100 close to the lower part of the fire grate 130.
The existing hearth used in the rural cooking bench only enters the bottom of the fire grate through a fuel adding port or an ash outlet, air flows to the top of the hearth from bottom to top, the air enters the natural air inlet, the lower air flow speed and the air inlet direction cannot strengthen combustion, the condition of insufficient oxygen amount easily occurs when combustion is vigorous, the air flow direction in the hearth mainly rises from bottom to top naturally during combustion, air is gradually consumed and rapidly heated in the combustion process to become smoke, but the flow of the air from bottom to top makes the residence time of the air in the hearth shorter, oxygen in the air is rapidly raised to the top and discharged along with a flue when not being fully utilized, more fresh air flows into the hearth, more heat is consumed to heat up again and discharge the flue, the circulating short circulation makes the heat loss serious, the original modes make the fuel on the fire grate insufficiently combusted, the heat exchange of the hearth wall surface and the water tank is unfavorable, and the waste heat utilization and the combustion effect is poor.
Therefore, in the application, the included angle between the air outlet direction of each air inlet and the tangent line of the point where the air inlet is located is designed to be alpha, alpha is any angle in [ 75-85 DEG ], the angles of the air outlet directions of the air inlets are completely the same, as shown in fig. 3, the geometric axes of the four air inlets are tangent to an imaginary circle (the center solid line small circle shown in fig. 3) in the center of the hearth, the air flow directly impacts the fuel on the fire grate 130 to form entrainment effect, and forms rotary air flow in the hearth, negative pressure is formed in the windless area (the dotted line circle shown in fig. 3) in the center of the hearth, thus part of high-temperature flue gas flows back to the flame root from top to bottom, most of the flue gas around the rest realizes spiral rotation rising in the limited hearth space, not only improves the filling condition of the flame in the hearth, so that the hearth space is filled with burnt materials, but also prolongs the stay time of the materials and the air in the hearth, so that the materials are burnt more fully, is beneficial to the whole hearth temperature field distribution is more uniform, and the heat exchange of the flame and the flue gas and the side wall water tank is more beneficial. Meanwhile, when the rotating airflow flows to the heat absorption layer 120, the heat absorption water pipe can be fully heated, and the combustion flame can be promoted to flow from the heat flow channel 122 to the top in a concentrated manner, so that the airflow disturbance caused by the blocking of the heat absorption layer 120 to the combustion flame is reduced.
In order to further ensure the air supply effect, a fuel adding port 131 and an ash outlet 141 are arranged on one side of the bottom of the hearth body 100, the fuel adding port 131 is arranged on the side wall of the hearth above the fire grate, a shutter (for example, a door) is arranged, when biomass fuel needs to be added, the shutter is opened, and the biomass fuel is sent to the upper surface of the fire grate along with a fuel adding channel for combustion; after the addition is finished, the shutter is closed, and air leakage is avoided. Simultaneously, the ash outlet is also provided with a shutter, when ash is gathered to a certain amount, the shutter is opened, the ash is taken out by adopting an ash remover, and after the ash is taken out, the shutter is closed. The shutter is arranged at the ash removing opening and the fuel adding opening, so that the dust removing device is attractive in appearance, and air is prevented from entering the hearth from the ash removing opening and the fuel adding opening, and the gas in the hearth is disturbed.
To further improve the furnace waste heat utilization effect, a cavity is provided between the bottom of the ash bucket 140 and the base 150, and the cavity is communicated with the water tank 200, so that the ash heat generated after the fuel combustion can be fully utilized.
Because biomass fuel is mostly adopted in the rural cooking bench, and the smoke exhaust particles formed after combustion are larger, the vibration type filter screen 170 is arranged at the smoke exhaust port of the hearth and consists of a conical filter screen and a micro vibrator, dust-containing particles in smoke are captured by the conical filter screen, the vibrator shakes large particle dust on the filter screen through the vibration filter screen, and then the large particle dust returns to the hearth for continuous combustion under the action of the gravity of a smooth flue, so that the large particle dust of smoke exhaust is greatly reduced, and the pollution of the smoke exhaust to the atmosphere is reduced.
For the user of being convenient for control in real time and knowing water tank temperature and liquid level, can set up a control panel at the outer wall of water tank, set up fluviograph and temperature sensor in the water tank, control panel and fluviograph and temperature sensor electric connection, control panel can show water level and temperature of water tank, simultaneously, when the water level of water tank is less than the heat sink, control panel control water tank is automatic to appointed liquid level, has avoided the trouble that the user repeatedly operates and brings from this. Meanwhile, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the wind direction in the hearth by a user, an electric air valve can be arranged in each air inlet, a control panel is electrically connected with the electric air valve, the control panel is operated, and the electric air valve is finely adjusted, so that the air outlet directions of a plurality of air inlets are always kept uniform, and a rotary air flow and entrainment effect can be formed in the center of the hearth. In order to improve the power of air flow, a fan 163 may be further disposed in the main air inlet 161 to accelerate the air flow, thereby further improving the heat exchange effect.
The hearth disclosed by the application can not only meet the requirement of full combustion of fuel, but also prepare sufficient domestic hot water, is compact in structure, convenient to operate, energy-saving and emission-reducing, greatly improves the waste heat utilization and combustion effects of the hearth of the rural cooking bench, and has great market popularization potential.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, those skilled in the art will appreciate that many modifications are possible in the specific embodiments, and that such modifications are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A rural cooking bench hearth is characterized in that:
Comprises a body and a water tank, wherein the water tank is arranged on the outer wall of the body,
The body is in a trapezoid cylinder shape, a furnace ring cover, a top base, a heat absorption layer, a fire grate, an ash bucket and a base are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the heat absorption layer is communicated with the water tank,
The heat absorption layer is net-shaped, a heat flow channel is arranged in the middle of the net-shaped heat absorption layer, combustion flame passes through the heat flow channel to the top base,
The water tank is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet is communicated with a water source, and the water outlet is communicated with water equipment;
the heat absorption layer is formed by intersecting a plurality of heat absorption water pipes, the heat flow channel is a hollow channel surrounded by the heat absorption water pipes, the area S1 of the heat flow channel is larger than the area S2 of the heat absorption water pipes, and the value of S1/S2 is 3-5;
n air inlets are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the body along the circumferential direction, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 4; the air inlet is positioned between the fire grate and the ash bucket,
The included angle between the air outlet direction of each air inlet and the tangent line of the hearth at the point of the air inlet is alpha, alpha is any angle of 75-85 DEG, and the angles of the air outlet directions of the air inlets are completely the same;
the geometric axes of the N air inlets are tangential to an imaginary circle in the center of the hearth, the air flow directly impacts fuel on the fire grate to form entrainment effect, rotary air flow is formed in the hearth, and negative pressure is formed in a windless area in the center of the hearth.
2. The rural cooktop hearth of claim 1, wherein: the heat absorption layer is a multi-layer heat absorption water pipe, the height of the heat absorption layer is 8-12cm, and the heat absorption water pipe is a corrosion-resistant metal pipe.
3. The rural cooktop hearth of claim 1, wherein: the water tank is a closed heat insulation water tank, and the lowest liquid level of the water tank is higher than the heat absorption layer.
4. The rural cooktop hearth of claim 1, wherein: a fuel adding port and an ash outlet are formed in one side of the bottom of the body, and the fire grate is positioned between the fuel adding port and the ash outlet; each air inlet is connected with a total air inlet through an air duct, and the total air inlet is arranged at the side wall of the hearth body close to the lower part of the fire grate.
5. The rural cooktop hearth of claim 4, wherein: the fuel adding port and the ash outlet are both provided with shutters, and a fan is arranged in the main air inlet.
6. The rural cooktop hearth of claim 1, wherein: a cavity is arranged between the ash bucket and the base, and the cavity is communicated with the water tank.
7. The rural cooktop hearth of claim 1, wherein: the water tank is internally provided with a water level gauge and a temperature sensor, the outer side of the water tank is provided with a control panel, the control panel is electrically connected with the water level gauge and the temperature sensor, and when the lowest liquid level of the water tank is lower than the heat absorption layer, the control panel controls the water tank to automatically feed water.
8. The rural cooktop hearth of claim 1, wherein: an electric air valve is arranged in each air inlet, and a control panel is electrically connected with the electric air valve.
CN201811486641.7A 2018-12-06 2018-12-06 Rural top of a kitchen range furnace Active CN109458635B (en)

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CN109458635B true CN109458635B (en) 2024-05-31

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112178697A (en) * 2019-07-04 2021-01-05 王本富 Low-carbon environment-friendly energy-saving heating stove

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