CN109450354B - An adjustable photovoltaic bracket for mountainous areas - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable photovoltaic bracket for mountain lands, which comprises a main beam, a mounting frame fixedly connected with the main beam and used for mounting a photovoltaic module, a stand column fixed on the mountain lands, and a connecting mechanism used for fixing the main beam on the stand column, wherein the connecting mechanism comprises an adjusting piece which is connected with the stand column and can be obliquely arranged relative to the stand column, and the main beam is fixed on the adjusting piece. The invention adopts a small unit structure with few stand columns, has stronger adaptability to complex terrains, can be installed along with the slope situation, has good overall effect of the power station, has simple support structure and has larger application space. According to the invention, the adjustable structure is arranged in the support structure for installing the photovoltaic module, the influence on the support installation is brought by comprehensively considering the topography, the support manufacturing and the foundation construction, the installation is easy to adjust, and the installation efficiency is high.

Description

An adjustable photovoltaic bracket for mountainous areas

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaics, and in particular relates to an adjustable photovoltaic bracket for mountainous areas.

Background technique

Solar energy is an inexhaustible, clean, pollution-free and renewable green energy. Using solar energy to generate electricity has advantages that other conventional energy sources do not have, such as incomparable cleanliness, high safety, relative wide range and abundance, long life and maintenance-free. Photovoltaic energy is considered to be the most important new energy in the 21st century.

With the rapid development of photovoltaic industry technology, the use of high-efficiency bifacial battery modules combined with flat single-axis tracking systems can greatly improve the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic systems, which has received great attention and has broad market prospects. Due to my country's land control and early photovoltaic power station development, photovoltaic systems are currently mostly selected in mountainous areas with very complex terrain, and it is difficult to arrange and install flat single-axis systems in sites with different slopes.

In order to improve the system conversion efficiency in complex mountainous terrain, combined with a comprehensive assessment of existing problems such as construction, the general support structure is preferably a fixed adjustable method. Compared with the flat single-axis structure, its support structure is simple, and the manufacturing and construction costs and subsequent maintenance costs are lower, making it a better choice.

The existing fixed adjustable brackets include push-pull rod type, semi-circular arc type, jack type, etc., and there are not many structural forms. The above structural component installation structure adopts the back inclined beam and purlin support method, which seriously blocks the back of the bifacial battery component and affects the back power generation. The structure is improved and optimized for the installation of bifacial battery components.

For complex terrain, unit brackets arranged on different slopes require structural functions of column and pivot angle adjustment. At the same time, when there is an angle between the column and the pivot, the angle of the components needs to be adjusted in different seasons. Therefore, the adjustment part here needs to be adjusted in multiple directions, which is difficult to meet with the above adjustable brackets.

Due to the complex mountain terrain, the structural foundation construction and installation process are difficult, requiring the bracket to have the ability to adjust to the site and construction errors to facilitate on-site installation and construction. At the same time, the maintenance workload of adjusting the angle of the components in the later stage of the photovoltaic power station is large, requiring a simple adjustment structure, labor-saving adjustment, and convenient and fast, which is difficult to meet in complex terrain.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an adjustable photovoltaic support for mountainous areas, which is convenient for adjusting the inclination angle of photovoltaic components according to the terrain conditions.

The technical solution of the present invention is: an adjustable photovoltaic bracket for mountainous areas, comprising a main beam, a mounting frame fixedly connected to the main beam and used to install photovoltaic components, and a column fixed on the mountain, and also comprising a connecting mechanism for fixing the main beam to the column, the connecting mechanism comprising an adjusting member connected to the column and capable of being tilted relative to the column, and the main beam being fixed on the adjusting member.

When installing the present invention, first install the column on the mountain, and then adjust the inclination angle of the adjustment member relative to the column according to the mountain terrain conditions. Since the main beam is fixed on the adjustment member, and the mounting frame for installing the photovoltaic component is fixed on the main beam, the inclination angle of the photovoltaic component can be indirectly adjusted by adjusting the inclination angle of the adjustment member, so that the inclination angle of the photovoltaic component is adapted to the mountain terrain.

There are many ways to adjust the inclination angle of the adjusting member in the present invention, which can also be achieved by using many existing methods. Preferably, the adjusting member is provided with an upper mounting hole connected to the column and a lower mounting hole located below the upper mounting hole, and the upper mounting hole and/or the lower mounting hole are waist-shaped holes. In the present invention, connecting holes corresponding to the upper mounting hole and the lower mounting hole are provided at corresponding positions of the column, and the adjusting member can be locked and fixed by inserting bolts into the connecting holes. When the inclination angle of the adjusting member needs to be adjusted, the adjusting member is tilted to the desired position, and the position of the waist-shaped hole is also moved at this time, and then the bolts are inserted into the connecting holes to lock it.

As a further preferred embodiment, the upper mounting hole is a round hole, and the lower mounting hole is a waist-shaped hole. When adjusting the inclination angle of the adjusting member, the adjusting member rotates around the round hole to a desired position with the round hole as the center.

Preferably, the connecting mechanism further comprises:

A shaft seat fixed on the adjusting member;

A shaft sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the main beam and rotatably matched with the shaft seat.

Preferably, the shaft seat comprises a connection portion connected to the adjusting member and an annular mounting portion, and the outer wall of the shaft sleeve is clearance-matched with the inner wall of the annular mounting portion. The shaft seat can be processed by aluminum alloy extrusion profiles, and the clearance fit allows the shaft sleeve to rotate relative to the shaft seat and ensures flexible rotation. The strength of the connection portion of the shaft seat must meet the design requirements.

Preferably, the adjusting member can be a flat plate or a C-shaped cross section. The distance between the two wings of the C-shaped cross section adjusting member is consistent with the width of the connecting portion of the shaft seat, the interference portion with the column height adjusting member is cut off, and the upper mounting hole and the lower mounting hole are provided on the side to match the column height adjusting member.

In the present invention, a limiting member is arranged on the main beam to prevent the main beam from moving downward due to the inclination of the slope.

Preferably, it also includes a tilt adjustment mechanism for driving the main beam to rotate to adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic assembly.

Preferably, the inclination adjustment mechanism comprises an adjustment rod and a driving arm connected to the main beam, one end of the adjustment rod is connected to the driving arm, and the other end is hinged to a multi-directional adjustable assembly hinged to the column.

Preferably, the tilt adjustment mechanism also includes a multi-directional adjustable assembly, which includes a U-shaped rotating member and an intermediate rotating member. One side of the U-shaped bottom of the U-shaped rotating member is hinged and rotatable with the column. The intermediate rotating member includes a U-shaped hinged connection structure with the U-shaped rotating member, and an inner circular cavity that is sleeved on the outer wall of the adjusting rod and cooperates with the outer wall of the adjusting rod. The adjusting rod is movable, and the opening part is tightened with a clamp after the angle is adjusted to the right position. An extreme phase structure is set on the adjusting rod to ensure safety during adjustment. The U-shaped rotating member in the multi-directional adjusting member of the present invention is made of aluminum profiles, and the adjusting rod is made of round tubes. The head is flattened. During the angle adjustment process, the adjusting rod can be rotated so that the flattened surface of the end coincides with the surface of the driving arm; it moves at the circular inner cavity connection part to adjust the length of the adjusting rod so that the photovoltaic module reaches the required angle. After the adjustment is completed, it can be locked with bolts to complete the entire angle adjustment. The adjusting rod in the present invention can be telescopically adjusted at the annular connecting portion, and the multi-directional adjustable assembly in the present invention can be rotated in three directions to meet the needs of different terrains and different inclination angles, better adapt to the terrain, facilitate later angle adjustment, and make operation simple and convenient.

Preferably, the column includes a fixed column and a telescopic rod that can be telescopically adjusted relative to the fixed column, and an upper connecting hole that matches the upper mounting hole is provided at a position of the telescopic rod corresponding to the upper mounting hole, and a lower connecting hole that matches the lower mounting hole is provided at a position of the telescopic rod corresponding to the lower mounting hole. In the present invention, the column can be adjusted in height according to the terrain conditions, and there are multiple ways to extend and retract the telescopic rod. For example, a plurality of mounting holes can be provided on the fixed column, and a through hole that matches the mounting holes can be provided on the telescopic rod. When the height needs to be adjusted, the different mounting holes on the fixed column are matched with the through holes, and then bolts are inserted and locked.

Preferably, there are multiple mounting frames, which are arranged along the axial direction of the main beam. The mounting frames can be arranged on the main beam according to the positions of the photovoltaic modules.

There are many structural forms of the mounting frame in the present invention. Preferably, the mounting frame includes a main connecting member connected to the main beam and two purlins arranged on opposite sides of the main connecting member. In the present invention, the main connecting member is located below the main beam and is fixedly connected by a clamp. A positioning and limiting structure with the main beam is arranged in the middle of the main connecting member to facilitate the positioning of the mounting frame. The purlin is connected to the upper end surface of the main connecting member, and the purlin and the upper end surface of the main connecting member can be connected by bolts. A certain space distance is maintained between the purlins on both sides and the main beam, one is to avoid blocking the upper surface of the photovoltaic module, and the other is to allow the clamps for fixing the purlins to have enough installation space.

Preferably, there are two columns. The two columns used in the present invention can ensure that the column mounting seat is concentric with the main beam, avoiding the difficulty of height adjustment of multiple columns required to ensure concentricity on the inclined surface.

In the present invention, the bottom surface of the photovoltaic module is supported on the purlin, and limit blocks are set on both sides of the purlin. The limit blocks are flush with the bottom surface of the module frame and the top of the purlin to ensure that the module frame is fully in contact with the support point. At the same time, the upper edge of the limit block is stuck on the inner side of the module frame to limit the module and improve the overall stability of the parallel purlin structure on the main beam. The side of the limit block fits the contact side of the purlin, and the cross section matches the molded side of the purlin. The limit block is processed with aluminum profiles. The photovoltaic module is installed with a press block. Considering that the bolt head is higher than the module surface and blocks the battery, the cross section and length of the press block are determined according to the local negative wind pressure or after the mechanical load test of the module.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

(1) The present invention adopts a small unit structure with few columns, has strong adaptability to complex terrain, can be installed along the slope, has a good overall effect of the power station, has a simple support structure, and has a large application space.

(2) In the present invention, an adjustable structure is provided in the photovoltaic module support structure, and the influence of terrain, support manufacturing and foundation construction on the support installation is comprehensively considered, so that the installation is easy to adjust and the installation efficiency is high.

(3) The photovoltaic module mounting frame of the present invention adopts a combined splicing structure, and utilizes the height of the purlins installed on it to make the center of mass of the platform where the photovoltaic module is located close to the center of the rotating shaft, so that the torque is reduced and the rotation is easier. The use of multi-dimensional adjustable adjustment parts in angle adjustment can make subsequent adjustments simpler and faster.

(4) The present invention utilizes an adjustable angle bracket system in combination with a bifacial battery assembly, which greatly improves the power generation capacity of the bifacial battery and increases the overall power generation efficiency of the power station.

(5) The columns and main beams in the main structure of the present invention use a large amount of steel, and their steel sections are relatively large. The present invention uses high-strength steel to significantly reduce the amount of steel used in the system and greatly reduce the cost of the bracket.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in a top view.

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting member when it is arranged vertically in the present invention,

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting member when the adjusting member is arranged tilted in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the tilt angle adjustment mechanism of the present invention when it is not adjusted.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the tilt angle adjustment mechanism in FIG. 5 after adjustment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the shaft sleeve of the present invention.

FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of the center axle seat of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the mounting frame of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-directionally adjustable assembly of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-directionally adjustable assembly and the adjusting rod in the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the purlins and photovoltaic modules in the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the present invention includes a main beam 2, a mounting frame 4 fixedly connected to the main beam 2 and used to install a photovoltaic module 1, and a column 3 fixed on the mountain, and also includes a connecting mechanism for fixing the main beam 2 to the column 3, the connecting mechanism includes an adjusting member 5 connected to the column 3 and can be tilted relative to the column 3, and the main beam 2 is fixed on the adjusting member 5.

When installing the present invention, first install the column 3 on the mountain, and then adjust the inclination angle of the adjustment member 5 relative to the column 3 according to the mountain terrain conditions. Since the main beam 2 is fixed on the adjustment member 5, and the mounting frame 4 for installing the photovoltaic component 1 is fixed on the main beam 2, the inclination angle of the component platform can be indirectly adjusted by adjusting the inclination angle of the adjustment member 5, so that the inclination angle of the component platform is adapted to the mountain terrain.

There are many ways to adjust the inclination angle of the adjusting member 5 in the present invention, and it can also be achieved by using many existing ways. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, in this embodiment, the adjusting member 5 is provided with an upper mounting hole 51 connected to the column 3 and a lower mounting hole 52 located below the upper mounting hole 51, and the upper mounting hole 51 and/or the lower mounting hole 52 are waist-shaped holes. In the present invention, connecting holes corresponding to the upper mounting hole 51 and the lower mounting hole 52 are provided at the corresponding positions of the column 3, and the adjusting member 5 can be locked and fixed by inserting bolts into the connecting holes. When the inclination angle of the adjusting member 5 needs to be adjusted, the adjusting member 5 is tilted to the desired position, and the position of the waist-shaped hole also moves at this time, and then the bolts are inserted into the connecting holes to lock it. In this embodiment, the upper mounting hole 51 is a round hole, and the lower mounting hole 52 is a waist-shaped hole. When adjusting the inclination angle of the adjusting member 5, the adjusting member 5 is rotated around the round hole to the desired position with the round hole as the center.

As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , the connection mechanism in this embodiment further includes:

A shaft seat 53 fixed on the adjusting member 5;

A shaft sleeve 54 is sleeved on the outer wall of the main beam 2 and rotatably matched with the shaft seat 53.

Preferably, the shaft seat 53 includes a connecting portion 531 connected to the adjusting member 5 and an annular mounting portion 532, and the outer wall of the shaft sleeve 54 is clearance-matched with the inner wall of the annular mounting portion. The shaft seat 53 can be processed by aluminum alloy extrusion profiles, and the clearance fit allows the shaft sleeve 54 to rotate relative to the shaft seat 53, and ensures flexible rotation. The structural strength of the connecting portion of the shaft seat 53 must meet the requirements.

In this embodiment, the adjusting member 5 can be a flat plate or a C-shaped cross section. The distance between the two wings of the C-shaped cross section adjusting member is consistent with the width of the connecting portion of the shaft seat 53, and the interference portion with the column height adjusting member 32 is cut off, and the upper mounting hole 51 and the lower mounting hole 52 are opened on the side thereof to match the upper hole position of the column height adjusting member 32.

As shown in Fig. 1, in the present invention, a stopper 21 is provided on the main beam 2 to prevent the main beam 2 from moving downward due to the slope. The present invention also includes an inclination adjustment mechanism 6 for driving the main beam 2 to rotate to adjust the inclination angle of the photovoltaic module 1.

As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the inclination adjustment mechanism 6 in this embodiment includes an adjustment rod 62 and a driving arm 61 connected to the main beam 2. One end of the adjustment rod 62 of the multi-directional adjustable assembly 63 is connected to the driving arm 61, and the other end is inserted into the inner hole 632 of the multi-directional adjustable assembly 63 that is hinged to the column 3. In the present invention, the driving arm can be set in the form of a clamp structure. The multi-directional adjustable assembly 63 includes a U-shaped rotating member 631 and an intermediate rotating member 632. One side of the U-shaped bottom of the U-shaped rotating member 631 is hingedly connected to the column 3. The intermediate rotating member 632 includes a U-shaped connecting portion of the U-shaped side wall hinged structure with the U-shaped rotating member 631 and an inner circular cavity that is inserted through the outer wall of the adjustment rod 62 and cooperates with the outer wall of the adjustment rod, see Figures 10 and 11. The U-shaped rotating part in the multi-directional adjustment member 5 of the present invention is made of aluminum profiles, and the adjustment rod 62 is made of a round tube. The head is flattened. During the angle adjustment process, the adjustment rod 62 can be rotated so that the flattened surface of the end coincides with the surface of the driving arm 61; move along the annular connection portion, adjust the length of the adjustment rod 62 so that the photovoltaic component 1 reaches the required angle, and after the adjustment is completed, the bolt can be used to lock it to complete the entire angle adjustment. The adjustment rod 62 of the present invention can be telescopically adjusted at the inner cavity connection portion, and the multi-directional adjustable assembly 63 of the present invention can be rotated in three directions, which can meet different terrains and different inclinations, better adapt to the terrain, facilitate the later angle adjustment, and make the operation simple and convenient.

As shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the column 3 in this embodiment includes a fixed column 31 and a telescopic rod 32 that can be telescopically adjusted relative to the fixed column. The telescopic rod 32 has an upper connection hole that matches the upper mounting hole 51 at a position corresponding to the upper mounting hole 51, and a lower connection hole that matches the lower mounting hole 52 is opened at a position corresponding to the lower mounting hole 52. In the present invention, the column 3 can be adjusted in height according to the terrain conditions, and the telescopic rod 32 can be telescoped in a variety of ways. For example, a plurality of mounting holes can be set on the fixed column, and a through hole that matches the mounting hole can be set on the telescopic rod. When the height needs to be adjusted, the different mounting holes on the fixed column are matched with the through hole, and then the bolts are inserted and locked.

In the present invention, there are multiple mounting frames 4, and the multiple mounting frames 4 are arranged along the axial direction of the main beam 2. The mounting frames 4 can be arranged on the main beam 2 according to the positions of the photovoltaic components 1.

There are various structural forms of the mounting frame 4 in the present invention. As shown in FIG9 , the mounting frame 4 in the present embodiment includes a main connecting member 41 connected to the main beam 2, and two purlins 42 respectively arranged on opposite sides of the main connecting member. The main connecting member 41 in the present invention is located below the main beam 2 and is fixedly connected by a clamp 44. A positioning and limiting structure 43 with the main beam is arranged in the middle above it to facilitate the positioning of the mounting frame. The purlin 42 and the upper end surface of the main connecting member 41 can be connected by bolts, and a certain space distance is maintained between the purlins 42 on both sides and the main beam 2, firstly to avoid blocking the upper surface of the photovoltaic module 1, and secondly to allow the clamp 44 for fixing the purlin 42 to have enough installation space.

As shown in Fig. 1, in this embodiment, there are two columns 3. In the present invention, two columns 3 are used to ensure that the mounting base of the column 3 is concentric with the main beam 2, avoiding the difficulty of height adjustment of multiple columns 3 required to ensure concentricity on the inclined surface.

As shown in FIG. 12 , the bottom surface of the photovoltaic module 1 in the present invention is supported on the purlin 42, and the two sides of the purlin 42 are provided with limit blocks 421, and the limit blocks 421 are flush with the bottom surface of the module frame 11 and the top of the purlin 42, ensuring that the module frame 11 is fully in contact with the support point, and at the same time, the upper side of the limit block 421 is stuck on the inner side of the module frame to limit the module and improve the overall stability of the parallel purlin structure on the main beam 2. The side of the limit block 421 fits the contact side of the purlin 42, and the cross section matches the molded side of the purlin. The limit block is processed with aluminum profiles, and the photovoltaic module 1 is installed with a pressing block 422. Considering that the bolt head is higher than the photovoltaic module surface and blocks the battery, the cross section and length of the pressing block are determined according to the local negative wind pressure or after the mechanical load test of the module.

Claims (7)

1. The adjustable photovoltaic bracket for the mountain land comprises a main beam, a mounting rack fixedly connected with the main beam and used for mounting a photovoltaic module, and a stand column fixed on the mountain land, and is characterized by further comprising a connecting mechanism used for fixing the main beam on the stand column, wherein the connecting mechanism comprises an adjusting piece which is connected with the stand column and can be obliquely arranged relative to the stand column, and the main beam is fixed on the adjusting piece; the photovoltaic module comprises a main beam, a photovoltaic module and an inclination angle adjusting mechanism, wherein the photovoltaic module is hinged to the main beam, the inclination angle adjusting mechanism is used for driving the main beam to rotate so as to adjust the inclination angle of the photovoltaic module, the inclination angle adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting rod, a driving arm connected with the main beam and a multidirectional adjustable assembly for adjusting the adjusting rod in multiple directions, one end of the adjusting rod is connected with the driving arm, and the other end of the adjusting rod is hinged with the multidirectional adjustable assembly hinged on the upright post; the multidirectional adjustable assembly comprises a U-shaped rotating piece and a middle rotating piece, one side of the U-shaped bottom of the U-shaped rotating piece is hinged with the upright post, the middle rotating piece comprises a connecting part hinged with the U-shaped rotating piece and a circular inner cavity part sleeved on the outer wall of the adjusting rod in a penetrating way, the circular inner cavity part is matched with the outer wall of the adjusting rod, and the hoop at the opening part is fastened.

2. The adjustable photovoltaic bracket for mountain land as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adjusting member is provided with an upper mounting hole connected with the upright post and a lower mounting hole located below the upper mounting hole, and the upper mounting hole and/or the lower mounting hole is/are a waist-shaped hole.

3. The adjustable photovoltaic bracket for mountain land of claim 2 and wherein said attachment mechanism further comprises:

A shaft seat fixed on the adjusting piece;

and the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the main beam and is in rotating fit with the shaft seat.

4. The adjustable photovoltaic bracket for mountain land as claimed in claim 2, wherein the upright post comprises a fixed post and a telescopic rod which can be telescopically adjusted relative to the fixed post, an upper connecting hole matched with the upper mounting hole is formed at the position of the telescopic rod corresponding to the upper mounting hole, and a lower connecting hole matched with the lower mounting hole is formed at the position of the telescopic rod corresponding to the lower mounting hole.

5. The adjustable photovoltaic bracket for mountain land of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the plurality of mounting frames are arranged along the axial direction of the main beam.

6. The adjustable photovoltaic bracket for mountain land as claimed in claim 5, wherein the mounting frame comprises a main connecting piece connected with the main beam, two purlines respectively arranged at two opposite sides of the main connecting piece, the main connecting piece is installed at the lower part of the main beam, and a positioning and limiting structure is arranged between the main connecting piece and the main beam; the heights of purlines on two sides of the mounting frame enable the mass center of the platform to be coincident or nearly coincident with the mass center of the rotating main beam, and the rotating torque is reduced.

7. The adjustable photovoltaic bracket for mountain land of claim 6, wherein two sides of the purline are provided with limiting blocks, the upper ends of the limiting blocks are clamped inside the frame of the photovoltaic assembly, and the photovoltaic assembly is limited.