CN109446934A - Water environment monitoring and managing method and system - Google Patents
Water environment monitoring and managing method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109446934A CN109446934A CN201811188772.7A CN201811188772A CN109446934A CN 109446934 A CN109446934 A CN 109446934A CN 201811188772 A CN201811188772 A CN 201811188772A CN 109446934 A CN109446934 A CN 109446934A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses water environment monitoring and managing method and system, and method includes: the diameter flow data for obtaining environment to be regulated, and the environment to be regulated is at least divided into multiple charge for remittance patch units based on the diameter flow data；Cross-section monitoring data at least based on each charge for remittance patch unit determine the unit to be monitored in the charge for remittance patch unit；The satellite remote sensing date of the unit to be monitored of acquisition is pre-processed；To pretreated satellite remote sensing date be split with by the dividing elements to be monitored at the secondary unit of multiple and different types to be supervised to the secondary unit.The scheme of the application can filter out the unit for needing emphasis to supervise first, then the unit that needs are supervised more accurately, more meticulously analyze and handle, and the processing that differentiation can be carried out to the different types of secondary unit being partitioned into, preferably supervises different types of face source.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water environment regulation technique field more particularly to water environment monitoring and managing method and systems.
Background technique
Water environment refers to the formation, distribution of water in nature and converts the environment in locating space.Refer to around crowd space
And can directly or indirectly influence the water body of human lives and development, the various natural causes of normal function and it is related society because
The totality of element.Also some refer to it is metastable, using land as the environment in space locating for the natural water area on boundary.At the earth's surface,
Coverage of water accounts for about the 71% of earth surface product.Water is made of ocean water and two part of terrestrial water, respectively with total Water
97.28% and 2.72%.Sum-rate very little shared by the latter, and the environment in locating space is sufficiently complex.Water is on earth
The dynamic balance state constantly recycled.The basic chemical component and content of natural water reflect it and recycle in different natural environments
Original physical chemical property in the process, be research water environment in element exist, migration and conversion and environmental quality (or pollution journey
Degree) with the basic foundation of water quality assessment.Water environment is mainly made of surface water environment and groundwater environment two parts.Earth's surface water ring
Border includes river, lake, reservoir, ocean, pond, marsh, glacier etc., and groundwater environment includes spring, phreatic water, deep layer
Underground water etc..Water environment is one of fundamental of composing environment, is the important place that human society is depended on for existence and development,
It is the field by Human impact and destruction most serious.The pollution and destruction of water environment have become the main environmental problem in the world today
One of.
Currently, water environment form in China's is severe, and with the deep propulsion of urbanization, the pressure that water environment is destroyed is also increasingly
Greatly.The supervision that water environment is destroyed is also not in place, not in time.
Currently, the main method of water environment supervision has:
One, based on the management method of administrative region, in each administrative region, according to the actual situation, arrangement is largely patrolled
The personnel of looking into patrol, and supervise destruction, or find the problem by modes such as common people's report.This method low efficiency
Under, waste of manpower, physics, financial resources.And administrative region not can be very good the runoff feature of characterization water environment.
Two, the setting cross-section monitoring point of large area, is monitored, investigates unqualified region artificial every month, but
This method inefficiency, spread overwide areas monitor waste of manpower, material resources, financial resources, look into source work and carry out difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of water environment monitoring and managing method and device, at least solve above-mentioned technical problem it
One.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of water environment monitoring and managing method, comprising: obtain the runoff of environment to be regulated
The environment to be regulated is at least divided into multiple charge for remittance patch units based on the diameter flow data by data；At least it is based on each remittance
The cross-section monitoring data of water spots block determine the unit to be monitored in the charge for remittance patch unit；To the unit to be monitored of acquisition
Satellite remote sensing date pre-processed；Pretreated satellite remote sensing date is split to draw the unit to be monitored
It is divided into the secondary unit of multiple and different types to supervise to the secondary unit.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of water environment supervisory systems, comprising: primary unit division module is matched
It is set to the diameter flow data for obtaining environment to be regulated, the environment to be regulated is at least divided by multiple remittances based on the diameter flow data
Water spots module unit；Unit determining module to be monitored is configured to described in the cross-section monitoring data determination at least based on each charge for remittance patch
Unit to be monitored in charge for remittance patch unit；Preprocessing module is configured to the satellite remote sensing to the unit to be monitored of acquisition
Data are pre-processed；And secondary unit division module, be configured to be split pretreated satellite remote sensing date with
By the dividing elements to be monitored at the secondary unit of multiple and different types.
The third aspect provides a kind of electronic equipment comprising: at least one processor, and with described at least one
Manage the memory of device communication connection, wherein the memory is stored with the instruction that can be executed by least one described processor, institute
It states instruction to be executed by least one described processor, so that at least one described processor is able to carry out any embodiment of the present invention
Water environment monitoring and managing method the step of.
Fourth aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also provide a kind of computer program product, and the computer program product includes
The computer program being stored on non-volatile computer readable storage medium storing program for executing, the computer program include program instruction, when
When described program instruction is computer-executed, the computer is made to execute the water environment monitoring and managing method of any embodiment of the present invention
Step.
The scheme that the present processes and system provide, by the way that environment to be regulated is divided into multiple remittances based on diameter flow data
Water spots module unit, and whether determination will supervise the region, be further divided into difference to charge for remittance patch unit later
The secondary unit of type, in order to be supervised respectively to different types of secondary unit.Further, this method and device knot
It closes the big datas such as remote sensing, internet and further refines water environment hot spot grid, so that each hot spot grid subdivision is sharp to soil
With type patch, adequate data support is provided for hot spot mesh-managing, traces to the source for subsequent water environment and support is provided.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, required use in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, for ability
For the those of ordinary skill of domain, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached
Figure.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart for water environment monitoring and managing method that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart for another water environment monitoring and managing method that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart for another water environment monitoring and managing method that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart for also a kind of water environment monitoring and managing method that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 5 is a kind of Technology design stream of the concrete application scene for water environment monitoring and managing method that one embodiment of the invention provides
Cheng Tu；
Fig. 6 is that hot spot net is determined in a kind of concrete application scene for water environment monitoring and managing method that one embodiment of the invention provides
The flow chart of lattice；
Fig. 7 is the calculating process schematic diagram of the center cell flow direction for the concrete application scene that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 8 is that the flowing water cumulative amount for the concrete application scene that one embodiment of the invention provides calculates process schematic；
Fig. 9 is the river surface source stepwise schematic views for the concrete application scene that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Figure 10 is the recognition result example of the emphasis Supervisory Unit for the concrete application scene that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Figure 11 is the final recognition result example for the concrete application scene that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Figure 12 is the block diagram for the water environment supervisory systems that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Figure 13 is the structural schematic diagram for the electronic equipment that one embodiment of the invention provides.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Hereinafter, first providing the explanation of some terms in the industry that will hereinafter will appear.
Digital elevation model (Digital Elevation Model), vehicle economy M.It is with one group of orderly array of values
Form indicates a kind of actual ground model of ground elevation, is digital terrain model (Digital Terrain Model, abbreviation
DTM thus a branch), various other topographic index can derive from.It is generally believed that DTM is description including elevation
Various geomorphologic factors, such as including the gradient, slope aspect, the change of slope factor linear and nonlinear combination spatial distribution,
Wherein DEM is the simple individual event digital land value model model of zeroth order, other such as gradients, slope aspect and change of slope landforms characteristic can be
It is derived from the basis of DEM.
Hydrological model refers to approximate scientific mould with analogy method that complicated hydrology phenomenon and process is given through generalization
Type.It is divided into two kinds of fundamental types of hydrology physical model (physical model, scale model) and hydrological system model by analog form.Water
Literary physical model is the model with prototype (i.e. research object) Main physical property, and phase such as is pressed in a basin in the lab
It is reduced like principle, or move original soil sample to experiment etc. that laboratory is done；Hydrological system model is then to follow mathematic(al) representation phase
As principle the model of hydrology phenomenon physical process is described, do not consider the physical essence of prototype but, such as converge, neither section
It moves laboratory to, does not also copy an artificial section and tested, but be different from but with a physical essence with identical
The equation of mathematic(al) representation indicates confluence, so that the physical process actually converged be depicted.Between both models there is
Close connection, because the research of physical model is the basis of mathematical model, and mathematical model is then the strong table of physical model
Up to mode.Hydrological model is of great significance in hydrology theoretical research and practice.
Hydrology phenomenon is the complex process to be interacted by many factors, it with atmospheric thermodynamics, geosphere, biosphere suffer from
Very close relationship belongs to comprehensive natural phenomena.So far, people can not also be to the stringent object of hydrology phenomenon
Law is managed to describe.Common research method is generally to be changed complicated hydrology phenomenon, ignores secondary with random factor, is protected
Principal element and the part with basic law are stayed, establishes the mathematics physics model with certain physical significance, and in computer
Upper realization.Watershed Hydrologic Models are the mathematic(al) structures established for simulation basin hydrologic process, and the hydrology phenomenon being modeled is known as
Prototype, model are then generalization of the physics and logical process to prototype.
Hydrological model is carrying out hydrology function research and is solving to play an important role in production practical problem, with the modern times
The rapid development of science and technology is led for the information technology of core in hydrographic water resource and hydraulic engineering science with computer and communication
The extensive use in domain rapidly develops the research of hydrological model, and is widely used in the research of hydrology basic law, floods and droughts calamity
Evil prevention and treatment, water resources assessment and development and utilization, water environment and ecosystem protection, climate change and mankind's activity to water resource and
The fields such as water environmental impact analysis.Therefore, the developmental research of hydrological model has important scientific meaning and application value.
Hydrographic data usually refers exclusively to the field data of the hydrology, that is, passes through the original of various hydrographic features collected by hydrologic survey
Begin record.Such as precipitation, evaporation capacity, water level, flow, silt content etc., and acquired over a period to come from these data
Maximum value, minimum value, average value, total amount, graph and isopleth etc..Hydrographic data collection, which refers to from each place, collects the hydrology
Data.In a computer, hydrographic data collection refers to collects hydrographic data using computer technology automatically.
Rural Plane Source Pollution (Rural non-point source pollution) refers to life in the countryside and agricultural production
In activity, dissolution or solid pollutant, such as grogs in farmland, nitrogen, phosphorus element, pesticide heavy metal, rural area fowl and animal excrement
With the organic or inorganics substance such as house refuse, pass through farmland surface under precipitation and runoff souring from unspecific region
Runoff, agricultural drain and underground leakage enter a large amount of pollutants caused by receiving water body (river, lake, reservoir, bay)
Pollution.
Runoff refers to rainfall and snowmelt runoff or flows under the effect of gravity along earth's surface or underground when irrigating the fields
Water flow.Runoff has different types, can have rainfall runoff and meltwater runoff and watering runoff by water flow source；By the type of flow
Rainwash and interflow subsurface drainage can be divided, rainwash divides overland flow and riverbed to flow again.In addition, there are also contain solid matter in water flow
The solid flow that (silt) is formed, the ion flow (see chemical runoff) etc. constituted containing chemolysis substance in water flow.
Urban runoff is the rainwash of rainwater caused by urbanization.This runoff is that many UrbaniZed Area water in the world are dirty
The main source of dye.
The relationship impermeable surface (road, parking lot and pavement) of impermeable surface and urban runoff is in land development
It builds in the process.In storm and other Heavy Precipitations, these impermeable surfaces (are built by pitch, cement, concrete etc.
Make) and roof sewage can be made to flow into sewer, rather than soil is allowed to be filtered sewage.This will lead to the drop of level of ground water
Low (because the supply of underground water reduces) and flood (because the water for staying in earth's surface increases).The rain-water drainage in most of cities
Untreated rainwater can be discharged into streams, rivers and bay by system.
The section in river is divided into vertical section and cross section.
Vertical section: along the section of river middle line (also have and take the riverbed minimum point on each cross section of journey), measure middle line with
The elevation of upper (or riverbed minimum point) topography variation turnover, with a length of abscissa in river, elevation is ordinate, can draw river
Skiagraph.It can indicate the longitudinal slope in river and being distributed along journey for drop.
Cross section: somewhere is known as the cross section in river at this perpendicular to the section of flow direction in riverbed.Its lower bound is river
Bottom, the upper bound are water surface curve, and it further includes the dyke of two sides that two sides are riverbed side slope sometimes.Cross section goes out to be known as water section, it is meter
Calculate the important ginseng element of flow.
Confluence is a hydrodynamics noun, is the source stream of negative intensity.
The source stream of negative intensity.The flowing that any is flowed into certain uniform flow is known as three-dimensional confluence.It is flowed in plane
In, remittance is straight line, and fluid uniformly flows into the straight line from all directions perpendicular to this straight line.Such as drawn on flow plane
Figure comes out, and two dimension confluence looks like a point.The strength definition of confluence is to flow into the point in the unit time (or unit is long straight
Line) fluid volume.The velocity potential of confluence and the expression formula of stream function are easy to find out from the corresponding expression formula of source stream.For this
Strength of source flow Q in formula is changed to-Q.
Underground water or underground petroleum, which flow into well point, can approximatively regard confluence as.In addition, confluence and source stream, doublet flow,
It is vortexed and basic flows such as uniform flow is used in combination and can solve streaming for many inviscid incompressible flow body irrotational motions
Problem (see singular point distribution).
Fill out low-lying area be rainfall or melt water generate filling, stagnant store in the hollow of ground the phenomenon that.It is important during discharge series
Loss item.The water of filling hollow claims to fill out hollow amount, and final consumption is in lower infiltration, the supply of evaporation and underground water.Exist very on basin
It is more natural or artificial, differ in size, deep mixed hollow, some autonomous closures, some size overlapping perforations.In diameter manifold
Rain (including melt water) and interflow are seeped along slope surface injection pit in the process, surpassing, and fill out hollow phenomenon to generate.When hollow store it is full or
Hollow water, which fills out low-lying area when excessive, to be terminated, and occurs overland flow phenomenon therewith.The hollow water consume of filling out that riverbed cannot be injected claims extremely to fill out low-lying area, injection
Low-lying area is filled out in the title flowing of riverbed part.
D8 algorithm is a kind of mathematical algorithm.Calculate distance power drop.
The most commonly used is D8 algorithms: assuming that the water flow in single grid can only flow into 8 grids adjacent thereto.It is used
Steepest gradient method determines the direction of water flow, i.e., on 3 × 3 DEM grid, calculate between center grates and each adjacent cells away from
From power drop (i.e. grid central point drop is divided by the distance between grid central point), the distance power maximum grid of drop is taken to be
The outflow grid of heart grid.
The principle of so-called steepest gradient method assumes that earth's surface is waterproof, and the water flow on the uniform of rainfall so Watershed Unit is total
Being to flow to minimum place, " window sliding refers to centered on computing unit, combines its several adjacent unit and forms a window
Mouthful ", it is to calculate basic element with " window ", spreads to entire DEM, seek final result.
Most widely used at present is the drainage characteristics extractive technique based on flow direction analysis and confluence analysis.Jenson and
Domingue (1988) devises the typical algorithm using the technology, which includes 3 processes: flow direction analysis, confluence analysis
It is extracted with drainage characteristics.
Flow direction analysis: the flow direction of each unit is indicated with numerical value.Digital variation range is 1~255.Wherein 1: east；2: east
South；4 south；8: southwest；16: west；32: northwest；64: north；128: northeast.It is not true that other values in addition to above-mentioned numerical value represent flow direction
It is fixed, this be as depression in DEM " and " level land is " caused by phenomenon.So-called " depression " the i.e. height value of some unit is less than any
The elevation of its all adjacent cells.When this phenomenon is the width due to being less than unit when the width in river valley, due to the height of unit
Journey value is the dispersed elevation of its covering area, and lower river valley height has dragged down the elevation of the unit.This phenomenon often goes out
The upstream in present basin." level land " refers to 8 adjacent unit elevations having the same, with measurement accuracy, DEM unit size or should
Regional landform is related.Both phenomenons are fairly common in DEM, and Jenson and Domingue, will before flow direction analysis
DEM is filled；" depression " is become into " level land ", then " level land " flow direction is determined by the iterative algorithm of a set of complexity.
Confluence analysis: the main purpose for analysis of converging is determining flow path.Confluence grid are generated on the basis of flowing to grid map
Trrellis diagram.The value of each unit represents the sum that the grid point of the unit is flowed into the doab of upstream on confluence grid, both imports this
The inflow path number (NIP) of unit, NIP the greater can be considered river valley, and NIP is equal to 0, is then higher place, may be basin
The watershed of s.
It extracts drainage characteristics: having watershed concentration grid map that can easily extract the various characteristic parameters in basin.
Such as simulation basin water system, a NIP threshold value can be set, the lattice point greater than the value is the point on ditch valley line, connects each ditch
Point on valley line is formed the network of waterways.Ask the method for sub-basin as follows on confluence matrix (confluence grid): from river valley unit or
Isolated hollow unit starts, all units for flowing to the unit of upward outbound search, these units are constituted to start unit as basin
The sub-basin of outlet.After simulating water system and Basin Boundary, the correlation function of GIS is utilized, so that it may easily obtain basin
Various features parameter, such as length, the slope tinea, drainage area in river.
Referring to FIG. 1, it illustrates the flow chart of one embodiment of water environment monitoring and managing method of the application, the water of the present embodiment
Environment monitoring and managing method can be adapted for meticulously supervising various water environments.
As shown in Figure 1, in a step 101, the diameter flow data of environment to be regulated is obtained, it at least will be wait supervise based on diameter flow data
Pipe ring border is divided into multiple charge for remittance patch units；
In a step 102, it is at least determined in charge for remittance patch unit based on the cross-section monitoring data of each charge for remittance patch unit
Unit to be monitored；
In step 103, the satellite remote sensing date of the unit to be monitored of acquisition is pre-processed；
At step 104, to pretreated satellite remote sensing date be split with by dividing elements to be monitored at multiple
Different types of secondary unit is to supervise secondary unit.
In the present embodiment, for step 101, water environment supervisory systems obtains the diameter flow data of environment to be regulated first,
Environment to be regulated is divided into multiple charge for remittance patch units according at least to the diameter flow data later.For example, according to existing equipment,
Satellite or network collect diameter flow data, and environment to be regulated can be divided into multiple charge for remittance patch units by diameter flow data, also
A threshold value can be set, the small charge for remittance patch unit for being wherein less than the threshold value is merged with neighbouring unit, the application exists
There is no limit for this.Later, for step 102, water environment supervisory systems can be according to the section of each charge for remittance patch unit of acquisition
Monitoring data determine the unit to be monitored in each charge for remittance patch unit, such as or pollution sources exceeded for some of them parameter
More charge for remittance patch unit carries out emphasis supervision.Later, for step 103, the satellite remote sensing number of unit to be monitored is acquired
According to, and the satellite remote sensing date is pre-processed, so that image becomes apparent from, the difference in variant face source is more eye-catching.Finally,
Pretreated satellite remote sensing date is split according to scheduled partitioning algorithm, and by each second level being partitioned into
Unit carries out feature identification, identifies different types of secondary unit, is supervised respectively to each secondary unit later.
The method of the present embodiment marks off multiple charge for remittance patch units by Runoff Analysis, later according at least to the disconnected of acquisition
Face monitoring data determine unit to be monitored, acquire the satellite remote sensing date of unit to be monitored, and are handled to obtain secondary unit,
The unit for needing emphasis to supervise can be filtered out first, and then the unit that needs are supervised is carried out more accurately, more meticulously
Analysis and processing, and the processing of differentiation can be carried out to the different types of secondary unit being partitioned into, preferably to difference
It is supervised in the face source of type.
With further reference to Fig. 2, it illustrates the flow charts of another embodiment of water environment monitoring and managing method of the application.The process
The flow chart for the step of figure mainly further refines step 103 in Fig. 1.
As shown in Fig. 2, in step 201, acquiring the High Resolution Remote Sensing Data of unit to be monitored；
In step 202, reading data, radiation calibration, geometric correction and big are carried out to High Resolution Remote Sensing Data
Gas correction process.
In the present embodiment, for step 201, water environment supervisory systems individually acquires determining unit to be monitored
High Resolution Remote Sensing Data, such as can be Nano grade.Later, to the High Resolution Remote Sensing Data of acquisition into
Row reading data, radiation calibration, geometric correction and atmospheric correction processing.Wherein, radiation calibration is that user needs to calculate atural object
When spectral reflectivity or spectral radiance, or need to different time, different sensors obtain image be compared when,
The luminance grayscale values of image must be all converted to absolute radiance, this process is exactly radiation calibration.Geometric correction is
Professional term in remote sensing.Because of photography when generally referring to that remote sensing image imaging is corrected and eliminated by a series of mathematical model
It is each on original image caused by the factors such as material deformation, object lens distortion, Atmosphere Refraction, earth curvature, earth rotation, hypsography
The change that the features such as geometric position, shape, size, the orientation of atural object generate when requiring inconsistent with the expression in reference system
Shape.The various radiation energies that remote sensing is utilized are intended to that interaction-or scattering occur with earth atmosphere or absorb, and make energy
Decaying, and spatial distribution is made to change.The attenuation of atmosphere is selective the light of different wave length, thus atmosphere pair
The image of the image of different-waveband is different.In addition, the geometrical relationship between the sun-target-remote sensor is different, then passed through
Air path length it is different, keep the be affected by atmospheric effects degree of the pixel gray value of different regions atural object in image different, and together
The pixel gray value of one atural object is also different in the be affected by atmospheric effects degree of different acquisition times.Eliminate the place of these atmospheric effects
Reason, referred to as atmospheric correction.
The method of the present embodiment can make the knot of monitoring by specially carrying out finer processing for unit to be monitored
Fruit is more accurate, can also make subsequent segmentation identification rapider.
With further reference to Fig. 3, it illustrates the flow charts of the another embodiment of water environment monitoring and managing method of the application.The process
The flow chart for the step of figure mainly further refines step 104 in Fig. 1.
As shown in figure 3, in step 301, pretreated satellite remote sensing date is divided based on preset partitioning algorithm
At different types of object patch unit；
In step 302, different types of object patch unit is identified as by the attribute information based on preset each face source
Different face sources.
In the present embodiment, for step 301, water environment supervisory systems is based on preset partitioning algorithm will be pretreated
Satellite remote sensing date is divided into different types of object patch unit, which can be by the biggish portion of unit internal diversity
It is divided into individual part.Later, for step 302, each object patch can be carried out according to the attribute information in each face source
Feature identification, so that each object patch to be identified as to different face sources, wherein each face source includes water body face source, industrial enterprise face
Source, agricultural area source and life face source.
The method of the present embodiment is by being split and identifying to patch to be monitored, the object patch list that can will be partitioned into
Member is identified as different face sources, later, can to different face sources carry out differentiation processing, thus monitoring result closer to
Actual conditions, monitoring also can be more accurate.Such as water body face source may need to monitor each water quality parameter, other faces source needs to monitor
Parameter may be different from water body face source, need to carry out the monitoring and processing of differentiation, so that result is more accurate.
In some alternative embodiments, in above-mentioned steps 101 " the diameter flow data of environment to be regulated is obtained, is at least based on
Environment to be regulated is divided into multiple charge for remittance patch units by diameter flow data " it include: to be obtained using digital elevation data model as data source
Take the diameter flow data of environment to be regulated；The charge for remittance patch list in environment to be monitored is calculated according to hydrographic data and diameter flow data
Member, wherein charge for remittance patch cell size > 10 square kilometre.
The method of the present embodiment is by being calculated ring to be regulated by various using digital elevation data model as data source
The diameter flow data in border, is calculated most further according to hydrographic data and diameter flow data later
In some alternative embodiments, " the cross-section monitoring number at least based on each charge for remittance patch unit in above-mentioned steps 102
According to the unit to be monitored determined in charge for remittance patch unit " it includes any of the following or various ways: the satellite based on acquisition is distant
Sense data analyze the water quality parameter of the water catchment area of each charge for remittance patch unit, water quality parameter unit not up to standard are determined as to be monitored
Unit；Or
The quantity of pollution sources is more than or equal to the list of preset threshold by the quantity for acquiring the pollution sources in each charge for remittance patch unit
Member is determined as unit to be monitored；Or
Monitoring obtains the water concentration of charge for remittance patch unit inner inlet mouth and water outlet, and water concentration is dense more than presetting
The unit of angle value is determined as unit to be monitored.
The scheme of the present embodiment determines the charge for remittance patch for needing to pay close attention in each charge for remittance patch unit in the above manner
Unit can effectively reduce the range for needing to pay close attention to, and reduce calculation amount.
Referring to FIG. 4, the flow chart of the also a kind of water environment monitoring and managing method provided it illustrates one embodiment of the application.It should
The step of flow chart is primarily directed to further refinement in step 101 the step of " the diameter flow data for obtaining environment to be regulated "
Flow chart.
As shown in figure 4, in step 401, using digital elevation data model as data source, removing digital elevation data model
In abnormal high level and abnormal low value；
In step 402, data are flowed to using the acquisition of D8 algorithm, calculates stream on each grid point based on data are flowed to
Water cumulative amount；
Later, in step 403, it connects the grid point that flowing water cumulative amount is more than preset threshold to form drainage network；
Then, in step 404, the maximum that point maximum in flowing water cumulative amount is determined as drainage network is come down in torrents a little；
Finally, in step 405, being come down in torrents a little according to maximum and flowing to data determines diameter flow data.
It in the present embodiment,, can be using the side for filling out low-lying area using digital elevation data model as data source for step 401
Formula removes exceptional value therein, abnormal high level and abnormal low value.Later, for step 402, each grid point is obtained using D8 algorithm
Flow to data, and data are flowed to based on this and calculate flowing water cumulative amount on each grid point.It then, will for step 403
Flowing water cumulative amount is more than that the grid point of preset threshold connects to form drainage network, for step 404, flowing water cumulative amount is maximum
The maximum that point is determined as the drainage network is come down in torrents a little.Finally, for step 405, being come down in torrents a little according to maximum and flowing to data is determined
Diameter flow data.
The method of the present embodiment is used as data source by using digital elevation data model (DEM), later by a series of
Calculating can obtain comparing accurately diameter flow data.
Simple illustration once is carried out to the concrete application scene of water environment supervision below, so that those skilled in the art are more
The scheme of the application is understood well.
The supervision of hot spot grid is a kind of important regulatory format and means in current ecological, environmental protective, atmosphere field at
Function application, but water environment supervision is still in initial on-site inspection, and the tradition supervision such as report is horizontal.It is too late in the presence of finding the problem
When, management dispersion, the problems such as inefficiency.For similar problems, take the lead in the thinking for using for reference the supervision of hot spot grid, proposes a kind of new
Water environment the characteristics of supervising the recognition methods of hot spot unit, fully considering water environment protection and supervision, play artificial intelligence and big
The advantage of data realizes the determination of water environment Supervisory Unit, traces to the source for subsequent water environment and provides base support.
Water environment primary pollution source: contaminating enterprises, breeding enterprise, resident remove (domestic water), farmland (chemical fertilizer).
Water environment emphasis supervises region: main contaminated area, monitoring section lay special stress on protecting water head site (especially drinking-water water
Source).
Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are please referred to, it illustrates a kind of concrete application scenes of water environment monitoring and managing method provided by the present application
Technology design flow chart and the flow chart for wherein determining hot spot grid.
Referring to FIG. 5, first in unit acquisition: using DEM as data source, obtaining doab vector spot according to hydrological model
Block after merging small cell, in conjunction with multi-source datas such as monitoring section, enterprise's breeding pollution source, water body, agricultural, lives, is established
Dependency rule determines emphasis Supervisory Unit, provides for subsequent supervision law enforcement.
The present embodiment proposes a kind of method, and relevant department can be helped to manage local water resource.This method is main
Consider water characteristics of Runoff, generate and supervise grid patch, hot spot region division is then carried out according to certain rule and secondary unit is drawn
Point, once finding the problem, notice relevant person in charge is checked on the spot.
The method of the embodiment can help relevant unit to find emphasis Polluted area, targetedly be supervised, simultaneously
Supervision region is reduced, expands supervision depth, in addition this method, it is not necessary to rely on the reported data with local area, prevent artificially dry
The factors such as disturb, and timeliness is strong.
1, area under one's jurisdiction is drawn by certain regular partition into several grids (rule or irregular) for fixing or being not fixed size, side
Method includes but is not limited to:
Region water catchment area patch, Patch size > 10 square kilometre or more, so-called remittance are monitored according to calculating according to landform and water number
It is common to refer to that rainwash or other substances converge to one for water area, also referred to as catchment area, receiving basin, drainage basin
The earth surface area flowed through during water outlet, it is a closed region.Water outlet refers to that water flow leaves water catchment area
Point, this point is the borderline minimum point in water catchment area.The water catchment area in a usual river flowed into without other rainwashes and
An only only EXIT POINT.
2, hot spot grid is determined according to certain method rule, method includes but is not limited to:
It is screened based on satellite remote sensing date, each water catchment area water quality parameter such as water quality class is analyzed by satellite data
Quilt, COD, dissolved oxygen etc., using water quality grid not up to standard as hot spot grid；
Screening technique based on POI data determines the hot spot of emphasis supervision according to the quantity of potential pollution source in water catchment area
Grid.
Watershed inner inlet and water outlet water concentration such as (COD, ammonia nitrogen, dissolution are obtained by installation monitoring device
Oxygen, turbidity etc.), according to determining therefrom that hot spot grid.
3, analysis is monitored to water quality in hot spot grid, monitoring or analysis method include but is not limited to:
Monitoring device is installed in hot spot grid, monitors the state of each parameter of water quality；
Using the state of satellite remote sensing date real-time monitoring water quality indicator, pollution behavior is found
4, hot spot Grid Monitoring System is alarmed, and carries out field review by environmentally friendly administrative department and related personnel.
Wherein, specific each section is accomplished by
One, charge for remittance patch extracts:
(1) DEM abnormality value removing
Abnormal high level and abnormal low value are removed using hollow method is filled out.
(2) flow direction calculates
Data are flowed to using the acquisition of D8 algorithm, D8 algorithm: assuming that the water flow in single grid can only flow into adjacent thereto 8
In a grid.It determines the direction of water flow with steepest gradient method, i.e., on 3 × 3 DEM grid, calculates center grates and each
Distance between adjacent cells weighs drop (i.e. grid central point drop is divided by the distance between grid central point), takes distance power drop
Maximum grid is the outflow grid of center grid.Specifically please refer to Fig. 7.
(3) flow accumulation
It indicates the flowing water cumulative amount on each grid point, specifically please refers to Fig. 8.
(4) basin grid-search method
By given threshold, it will be above the grid connection of this threshold value, form drainage network, value range is > 6000 at this
(value can be adjusted according to the actual situation, the grid for being worth smaller acquisition is finer)
(5) it captures and comes down in torrents a little
Obtain maximum in basin come down in torrents a little.
(6) confluence patch extracts
According to maximum inclination point and flows to data and calculate basin patch
Two, agricultural area source Weight Determination:
It sets agricultural area source and accounts for the weight of entire unit patch half as 2, be otherwise 1 (or other classifying rationally methods).
Three, potential pollution enterprise statistics:
Count potential pollution number of the enterprise (cultivation, chemical industry etc.) inside each unit
Four, river surface source is segmented:
River surface source is cut according to resulting unit patch, obtains the patch in multiple river surface sources.Can specifically it join
Examine Fig. 9.
Five, synthesis rule is established and is applied:
(1) in the case where no Historical Monitoring data, main stream and tributary section, each unit inside potential pollution enterprise
Quantity (cultivation, chemical industry etc.) > 4 determines to be emphasis Supervisory Unit；If there is Historic Section monitoring data, in the sectional area of face source
Within 1 year there is situation not up to standard in Historic Section monitoring result, as emphasis Supervisory Unit.
(2) unit where emphasis monitoring section, as emphasis Supervisory Unit.
(3) when being unsatisfactory for conditions above inside unit, agriculture weight is 2 as emphasis Supervisory Unit.
(4) water environment Supervisory Unit in city determines:
Since the precision of DEM limits, city topography is flat, and above-mentioned Supervisory Unit method of determination has certain limitation, because
Supervisory Unit need to separately be set inside this city.
City and extraneous Supervisory Unit are distinguished according to completed region of the city boundary first, obtained according to high-resolution remote sensing image
The face source data obtained.
The confluence for determining small river and main stream in city is starting point along the both sides Zhi Liuxiang using confluence at main stream
Extend, until built-up areas boundary, unit mainly includes the building area on sprout both sides, will build up in principle be distinguished into it is uniform in size
Region, depending on actual conditions.Unit in main city zone is emphasis Supervisory Unit in principle.
(5) main city zone is merged with other units, the inconsistent region in boundary need to be adjusted fusion as final supervision
Unit
Four, hot spot grid result example
Specifically referring to FIG. 10, wherein the part of overstriking is finally determining emphasis Supervisory Unit.
Five, secondary unit division result example
Figure 11 specifically is please referred to, is required according to Landsat remotely-sensed data feature and hot spot unit identification technology, use
Technology path are as follows:
Data prediction: reading data, radiation calibration, geometric correction, atmospheric correction, base first is carried out to satellite remote sensing date
Object patch (basis of back Supervisory Unit) is obtained in partitioning algorithm, analyzing water body, enterprise, agricultural, the feature in face source of living,
It identifies corresponding face source patch, then is merged with hot spot grid, so that hot spot grid is divided into different type by corresponding patch
Part, extra type set are other.Convenient for the class of the subsequent statistics to single hot spot grid difference pollution sources and hot spot grid
Type divides.
Figure 12 is please referred to, it illustrates the block diagrams for the water environment supervisory systems that one embodiment of the invention provides.
As shown in figure 12, water environment supervisory systems 1200 of the invention, including it is primary unit division module 1210, to be monitored
Unit determining module 1220, preprocessing module 1230 and secondary unit division module 1240.
Wherein, primary unit division module 1210 is configured to obtain the diameter flow data of environment to be regulated, at least based on described
The environment to be regulated is divided into multiple charge for remittance patch units by diameter flow data；Unit determining module 1220 to be monitored, is configured to
Cross-section monitoring data at least based on each charge for remittance patch determine the unit to be monitored in the charge for remittance patch unit；Preprocessing module
1230, it is configured to pre-process the satellite remote sensing date of the unit to be monitored of acquisition；And secondary unit divides mould
Block 1240, be configured to be split pretreated satellite remote sensing date with by the dividing elements to be monitored at multiple and different
The secondary unit of type.
In some alternative embodiments, " diameter of environment to be regulated is obtained in above-mentioned primary unit division module 1210
Flow data " includes being configured that the exception removed in the digital elevation data model using digital elevation data model as data source
High level and abnormal low value；Data are flowed to using the acquisition of D8 algorithm, calculate stream on each grid point based on the data that flow to
Water cumulative amount；It connects the grid point that the flowing water cumulative amount is more than preset threshold to form drainage network；The flowing water is added up
The maximum that maximum point is determined as the drainage network in amount is come down in torrents a little；It is come down in torrents a little according to the maximum and described to flow to data true
Sizing flow data.
It should be appreciated that all modules recorded in Figure 12 with reference to each in method described in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4
Step is corresponding.The operation above with respect to method description and feature and corresponding technical effect are equally applicable to Figure 12 as a result,
In all modules, details are not described herein.
It is worth noting that, the scheme that the module in embodiments herein is not intended to limit this application, such as calculate
Unit can be described as the unit of area accounting of the calculation stress supervision region in corresponding unit patch.Furthermore it is also possible to
Realize that related function module, such as computing unit can also realize that details are not described herein with processor by hardware processor.
In further embodiments, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of nonvolatile computer storage medias, calculate
Machine storage medium is stored with computer executable instructions, which can be performed in above-mentioned any means embodiment
Water environment monitoring and managing method；
As an implementation, nonvolatile computer storage media of the invention is stored with the executable finger of computer
It enables, computer executable instructions setting are as follows:
The diameter flow data of environment to be regulated is obtained, is at least divided into the environment to be regulated based on the diameter flow data more
A charge for remittance patch unit；
Cross-section monitoring data at least based on each charge for remittance patch determine the unit to be monitored in the charge for remittance patch unit；
The satellite remote sensing date of the unit to be monitored of acquisition is pre-processed；
To pretreated satellite remote sensing date be split with by the dividing elements to be monitored at multiple and different types
Secondary unit to be supervised to the secondary unit.
As a kind of non-volatile computer readable storage medium storing program for executing, it can be used for storing non-volatile software program, non-volatile
Property computer executable program and module, such as the corresponding program instruction/mould of water environment monitoring and managing method in the embodiment of the present invention
Block.One or more program instruction is stored in non-volatile computer readable storage medium storing program for executing, when being executed by a processor, is held
Water environment monitoring and managing method in the above-mentioned any means embodiment of row.
Non-volatile computer readable storage medium storing program for executing may include storing program area and storage data area, wherein storage journey
It sequence area can application program required for storage program area, at least one function；Storage data area can store and be supervised according to water environment
Pipe device uses created data etc..In addition, non-volatile computer readable storage medium storing program for executing may include that high speed is deposited at random
Access to memory, can also include nonvolatile memory, a for example, at least disk memory, flush memory device or other are non-
Volatile solid-state part.In some embodiments, it includes relative to place that non-volatile computer readable storage medium storing program for executing is optional
The remotely located memory of device is managed, these remote memories can pass through network connection to water environment maintenance device.Above-mentioned network
Example include but is not limited to internet, intranet, local area network, mobile radio communication and combinations thereof.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of computer program product, and computer program product is non-volatile including being stored in
Computer program on computer readable storage medium, computer program include program instruction, when program instruction is held by computer
When row, computer is made to execute any of the above-described water environment monitoring and managing method.
Figure 13 is the structural schematic diagram of electronic equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in figure 13, which includes: one
A or multiple processors 1310 and memory 1320, in Figure 13 by taking a processor 1310 as an example.Water environment monitoring and managing method
Equipment can also include: input unit 1330 and output device 1340.Processor 1310, memory 1320, input unit 1330
It can be connected by bus or other modes with output device 1340, in Figure 13 for being connected by bus.Memory
1320 be above-mentioned non-volatile computer readable storage medium storing program for executing.Processor 1310 is stored in memory 1320 by operation
Non-volatile software program, instruction and module are realized thereby executing the various function application and data processing of server
Above method embodiment water environment monitoring and managing method.Input unit 1330 can receive the number or character information of input, and generate
Key signals input related with the user setting of information delivery device and function control.Output device 1340 may include display screen
Deng display equipment.
Method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be performed in the said goods, has the corresponding functional module of execution method and has
Beneficial effect.The not technical detail of detailed description in the present embodiment, reference can be made to method provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
As an implementation, above-mentioned electronic apparatus application is in water environment supervisory systems, comprising: at least one processing
Device；And the memory being connect at least one processor communication；Wherein, be stored with can be by least one processor for memory
The instruction of execution, instruction executed by least one processor so that at least one processor can:
The diameter flow data of environment to be regulated is obtained, is at least divided into the environment to be regulated based on the diameter flow data more
A charge for remittance patch unit；
Cross-section monitoring data at least based on each charge for remittance patch determine the unit to be monitored in the charge for remittance patch unit；
The satellite remote sensing date of the unit to be monitored of acquisition is pre-processed；
To pretreated satellite remote sensing date be split with by the dividing elements to be monitored at multiple and different types
Secondary unit to be supervised to the secondary unit.
The electronic equipment of the embodiment of the present application exists in a variety of forms, including but not limited to:
(1) mobile communication equipment: the characteristics of this kind of equipment is that have mobile communication function, and to provide speech, data
Communication is main target.This Terminal Type includes: smart phone (such as iPhone), multimedia handset, functional mobile phone and low
Hold mobile phone etc..
(2) super mobile personal computer equipment: this kind of equipment belongs to the scope of personal computer, there is calculating and processing function
Can, generally also have mobile Internet access characteristic.This Terminal Type includes: PDA, MID and UMPC equipment etc., such as iPad.
(3) portable entertainment device: this kind of equipment can show and play multimedia content.Such equipment include: audio,
Video player (such as iPod), handheld device, e-book and intelligent toy and portable car-mounted navigation equipment.
(4) server: providing the equipment of the service of calculating, and the composition of server includes that processor, hard disk, memory, system are total
Line etc., server is similar with general computer architecture, but due to needing to provide highly reliable service, in processing energy
Power, stability, reliability, safety, scalability, manageability etc. are more demanding.
(5) other electronic devices with data interaction function.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary, wherein unit can be as illustrated by the separation member
Or may not be and be physically separated, component shown as a unit may or may not be physical unit, i.e.,
It can be located in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network units.It can select according to the actual needs therein
Some or all of the modules achieves the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.Those of ordinary skill in the art are not paying creative labor
In the case where dynamic, it can understand and implement.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be understood that each embodiment can
It realizes by means of software and necessary general hardware platform, naturally it is also possible to pass through hardware.Based on this understanding, on
Stating technical solution, substantially the part that contributes to existing technology can be embodied in the form of software products in other words, should
Computer software product may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, CD, including several fingers
It enables and using so that a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) executes each implementation
The method of certain parts of example or embodiment.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；
And these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and
Range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of water environment monitoring and managing method, comprising:
The diameter flow data of environment to be regulated is obtained, the environment to be regulated is at least divided by multiple remittances based on the diameter flow data
Water spots module unit；
Cross-section monitoring data at least based on each charge for remittance patch unit determine the unit to be monitored in the charge for remittance patch unit；
The satellite remote sensing date of the unit to be monitored of acquisition is pre-processed；
To pretreated satellite remote sensing date be split with by the dividing elements to be monitored at the two of multiple and different types
Grade unit is to supervise the secondary unit.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the satellite remote sensing date of the unit to be monitored of described pair of acquisition into
Row pre-processes
Acquire the High Resolution Remote Sensing Data of unit to be monitored；
Reading data, radiation calibration, geometric correction and atmospheric correction processing are carried out to the High Resolution Remote Sensing Data.
It is described that pretreated satellite remote sensing date is split with by institute 3. according to the method described in claim 2, wherein
Dividing elements to be monitored, which are stated, into the secondary unit of multiple and different types includes:
Pretreated satellite remote sensing date is divided into different types of object patch unit based on preset partitioning algorithm；
The different types of object patch unit is identified as different face sources by the attribute information based on preset each face source,
In, each face source includes water body face source, industrial enterprise, source, face, agricultural area source and life face source.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the diameter flow data for obtaining environment to be regulated is at least based on described
The environment to be regulated is divided into multiple charge for remittance patch units by diameter flow data
Using digital elevation data model as data source, the diameter flow data of environment to be regulated is obtained；
The charge for remittance patch unit in environment to be monitored is calculated according to hydrographic data and the diameter flow data, wherein patch is big
It is small > 10 square kilometres.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, wherein, the cross-section monitoring data at least based on each charge for remittance patch unit are true
Unit to be monitored in the fixed charge for remittance patch unit includes any of the following or various ways:
Satellite remote sensing date based on acquisition analyzes the water quality parameter of the water catchment area of each charge for remittance patch unit, and water quality parameter is not reached
Target unit is determined as unit to be monitored；Or
The quantity of the pollution sources is more than or equal to preset threshold by the quantity for acquiring the pollution sources in each charge for remittance patch unit
Unit be determined as unit to be monitored；Or
Monitoring obtains the water concentration of charge for remittance patch unit inner inlet mouth and water outlet, is more than the default density by water concentration
Unit be determined as unit to be monitored.
6. method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the diameter stream packets for obtaining environment to be regulated
It includes:
Using digital elevation data model as data source, the abnormal high level removed in the digital elevation data model is low with exception
Value；
Data are flowed to using the acquisition of D8 algorithm, calculate flowing water cumulative amount on each grid point based on the data that flow to；
It connects the grid point that the flowing water cumulative amount is more than preset threshold to form drainage network；
The maximum that point maximum in the flowing water cumulative amount is determined as the drainage network is come down in torrents a little；
It is come down in torrents a little according to the maximum and the data that flow to determines diameter flow data.
7. a kind of water environment supervisory systems, comprising:
Primary unit division module is configured to obtain the diameter flow data of environment to be regulated, is at least based on the diameter flow data for institute
It states environment to be regulated and is divided into multiple charge for remittance patch units；
Unit determining module to be monitored is configured at least determine the charge for remittance patch based on the cross-section monitoring data of each charge for remittance patch
Unit to be monitored in unit；
Preprocessing module is configured to pre-process the satellite remote sensing date of the unit to be monitored of acquisition；
Secondary unit division module is configured to be split pretreated satellite remote sensing date with by the unit to be monitored
It is divided into the secondary unit of multiple and different types.
8. system according to claim 7, wherein the diameter stream packets for obtaining environment to be regulated, which include, to be configured that
Using digital elevation data model as data source, the abnormal high level removed in the digital elevation data model is low with exception
Value；
Data are flowed to using the acquisition of D8 algorithm, calculate flowing water cumulative amount on each grid point based on the data that flow to；
It connects the grid point that the flowing water cumulative amount is more than preset threshold to form drainage network；
The maximum that point maximum in the flowing water cumulative amount is determined as the drainage network is come down in torrents a little；
It is come down in torrents a little according to the maximum and the data that flow to determines diameter flow data.
9. a kind of electronic equipment comprising: at least one processor, and deposited with what at least one described processor communication was connect
Reservoir, wherein the memory be stored with can by least one described processor execute instruction, described instruction by it is described at least
One processor executes, so that at least one described processor is able to carry out the step of any one of claim 1 to 6 the method
Suddenly.
10. a kind of storage medium, is stored thereon with computer program, which is characterized in that real when described program is executed by processor
The step of any one of existing claim 1 to 6 the method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811188772.7A CN109446934A (en) | 2018-10-12 | 2018-10-12 | Water environment monitoring and managing method and system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN112560873A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-03-26 | 昆明理工大学 | Urban impervious surface extraction method and system |
| CN112884223A (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2021-06-01 | 大连理工大学 | Data-free area flood real-time forecasting method based on multi-source satellite rainfall information and runoff yield constraint correction |
| CN113656682A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-11-16 | 北京地拓科技发展有限公司 | POI-based urban plain area water pollution control unit division method and device |
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| CN114528761B (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-09-06 | 太湖流域管理局水利发展研究中心 | Method and system for optimizing storage stagnation relation of horizontal plain water net polder region-system outside polder |
| CN117171287A (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2023-12-05 | 航天宏图信息技术股份有限公司 | Terrain river basin extraction and division method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN117171287B (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2024-01-30 | 航天宏图信息技术股份有限公司 | Terrain river basin extraction and division method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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