CN109424975B - Method for measuring flame rigidity quantification of burner - Google Patents
Method for measuring flame rigidity quantification of burner Download PDFInfo
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- CN109424975B CN109424975B CN201710750151.2A CN201710750151A CN109424975B CN 109424975 B CN109424975 B CN 109424975B CN 201710750151 A CN201710750151 A CN 201710750151A CN 109424975 B CN109424975 B CN 109424975B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M11/00—Safety arrangements
- F23M11/04—Means for supervising combustion, e.g. windows
- F23M11/045—Means for supervising combustion, e.g. windows by observing the flame
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for measuring flame rigidity quantification of a burner, which comprises the following steps: connecting a flame rigidity quantification test system; II, secondly: a jet plate is fixed at the wind outlet, a plurality of jet holes are arranged on the jet plate at intervals in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction, the pressure in front of all the jet holes is consistent, and the airflow jetted out by each jet hole is equal in speed and quantity; thirdly, the method comprises the following steps: adjusting the power of the burner; fourthly, the method comprises the following steps: the flame is placed in the range of the airflow section A0, and the flow velocity of each point in the range of A0 is consistent and is V0; fifthly: adjusting the distance between the flame center and the air jet plate and keeping the distance within the range of L1, wherein the distance of L1 is required to satisfy V1= V0 xk; different spray rates correspond to different values of L1; sixthly, the method comprises the following steps: starting the test from low wind speed; adjusting the process to observe whether the flame has a fire-dropping phenomenon; seventhly, the method comprises the following steps: gradually increasing the wind speed of the nozzle, and recording the wind speed at the moment if fire is lost; the invention thoroughly solves the problem of quantification of flame rigidity. And providing quantifiable model selection parameters for engineering application and burner model selection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for measuring flame rigidity, in particular to a method for measuring the flame rigidity of a burner quantitatively.
Background
The parameters representing the combustion performance of the burner are many. Including temperature field, flame shape (length, width, thickness, profile, etc.), PV curve, emissions metrics, flame stiffness, burnout rate, etc. Flame stiffness is important in certain applications, but cannot be quantified and is only used as a reference to distinguish it well, including in the relevant national standards, the experimental method for the performance of burners of the metallurgical industry YBT 160-1999.
In the application of the burner, when the burner is burning in a certain space and strong air flows through the space, if the flame rigidity is not strong enough, the flame can be blown out, and if the flame rigidity is not strong enough, the mixed air and gas can bring serious consequences, such as explosion, influence on product quality and the like. To avoid this problem, it is common in engineering to equip burners with one or more flame detectors. The rigidity of the flame has no quantitative calculation formula at present. Nor are there uniform and definite experimental measurements.
In engineering application, the rigidity of the flame is generally judged by two methods, one method is that when the flame is burnt, the flame is straight and has no bend through visual observation, and when the flame is small, the flame can be blown by a nozzle to see whether the flame can be blown out or not. The other method is practical application, and the burner is installed on a furnace on the use site for experiment to see the practical use effect. And judging whether the use requirement is met.
Both methods fail to quantitatively indicate the quality of flame rigidity. Visual inspection cannot replace the actual requirements in the field. No availability. The actual trial on site influences the production and project schedule once the trial is not carried out, the defects are obvious, and when the production process is changed, unpredictable risks can be brought.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for measuring the flame rigidity quantification of a burner, which can quantitatively calibrate the flame rigidity of the burner in a laboratory.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention is realized as follows:
a method for measuring the flame rigidity quantification of a burner is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the system is connected with a flame rigidity quantification test system, and comprises a variable frequency fan, a flowmeter, an adjusting valve, a blast pipe and a blast plate which are connected in sequence;
step two: a jet plate is fixed at the wind outlet, a plurality of jet holes are arranged on the jet plate at intervals in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction, the pressure in front of all the jet holes is consistent, and the airflow jetted out by each jet hole is equal in speed and quantity;
adjusting the total air output of the air spraying pipe to change the speed passing through the air spraying plate, detecting the air speed at different distances from the spraying holes, and measuring and drawing a change curve of the air speed; adjusting the size and the interval of spray holes, adjusting the ventilation quantity and the wind speed, and determining a reasonable detection interval by combining the detection of the change of the wind speed;
step three: adjusting the power of the burner;
step four: the flame is placed in the range of the airflow section A0 by adjusting the position of the ignition gun, and the flow rates of all points in the range of A0 are all V0;
step five: adjusting the distance between the flame center and the air jet plate and keeping the distance within the range of L1, wherein the distance of L1 needs to satisfy V1= V0 k, wherein V1 is the flame flow speed, and k is the accuracy coefficient of the wind speed;
the measured data in the interval of 0-L1 is effective data, and different spraying speeds correspond to different L1 values;
step six: starting the test from low wind speed; adjusting the power of a fan to low-power operation, adjusting the air speed of an air injection port by adjusting the opening of an adjusting valve, and observing whether flame is subjected to a fire-dropping phenomenon in the adjusting process;
step seven: gradually increasing the air speed of the nozzle, observing whether the flame has a fire-out phenomenon or not, and recording the air speed at the moment if the fire-out phenomenon starts to occur;
according to the determination, the following results are obtained:
when 0 degree<θ<At 90 deg.C, FRθ=FR0*cos(θ)+ FR90*sin(θ); （1）
When 90 degree<θ<At 180 DEG, FRθ=FR0*cos(180-θ)+ FR90*sin(θ); （2）
The flame rigidity value at any included angle between the flame and the air jet is calculated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the quantification problem of the flame rigidity is thoroughly solved. And quantifiable model selection parameters are provided for engineering application and burner model selection.
The method can make the application environment of the burner clear, for example, clear judgment can be made, and the burner is suitable for being installed on a pipeline with the flow velocity lower than 50 m/s at 45 degrees.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and embodiments:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a test system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the outlet structure of the blast pipe.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a wind-jet plate.
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the variation of the wind speed at the wind jet.
Detailed Description
In engineering, the maximum wind speed of the environment where the burner flame is located is generally known, and the direction is also clear. The international unit representing wind speed is [ m/s ], so we also represent flame stiffness in units of wind speed, which is a vector and also related to angle. When the stiffness is quantified, it may also be referred to as stiffness.
The most basic requirement of flame combustion stability is no fire-out and backfire phenomena. When the fire is lost seriously, the flame can be extinguished. We take the occurrence of misfiring as the basis for quantitative determination.
The combustion direction of the flame and the direction of the ambient airflow can be divided into three types, the included angle between the flame flow direction and the ambient airflow direction is set as theta, the flame flow direction and the ambient airflow direction are in the same direction when the theta =0, the flame flow direction is called forward flow, the included angle between the flame flow direction and the ambient airflow direction is equal to the reverse direction when the theta =180, the flame flow direction is called reverse flow, the included angle between the flame flow direction and the ambient airflow direction is equal to the theta =90 degrees, the flame flow direction is called cross flow, and the rest directions can be calculated by using vector equations of the three flow directions.
For convenience of explanation, we define the flame stiffness index symbol as [ FR]When the included angle between the flame flow direction and the ambient air flow direction is theta, it is recorded as FRθ。
As shown in fig. 1 and 2: a method for measuring flame rigidity quantification of a burner comprises the following steps: the system is connected with a flame rigidity quantification test system, and comprises a variable frequency fan 1, a flowmeter 2, an adjusting valve 3, a blast pipe 4 and an air outlet 5 which are connected in sequence;
as shown in fig. 3 and 4: step two: a jet plate 6 is fixed at the wind outlet, a plurality of jet holes 7 are arranged on the jet plate at intervals in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction, the pressure in front of all the jet holes is consistent, and the airflow jetted from each jet hole is equal in speed and quantity;
adjusting the total air output of the air spraying pipe to change the speed passing through the air spraying plate, detecting the air speed at different distances from the spraying holes, and measuring and drawing a change curve of the air speed; the air volume and the air speed are adjusted by adjusting the size and the interval of the spray holes, and the speed change is not large at a certain spraying distance by combining the detection of the change of the air speed. The interval is taken as a detection interval, so that sufficient precision can be ensured;
step three: adjusting the power of the burner 8 to a certain working condition to be measured (assuming rated power and air-fuel ratio of 1.1);
step four: the flame is placed in the range of the airflow section A0 by adjusting the position of the ignition gun, and the flow rates of all points in the range of A0 are all V0; ideally, assuming a stream of air with uniform flow velocities at points within the cross-sectional area a0, each being V0, the cross-sectional area of the stream of air is greater than the cross-sectional coverage area a1 of the flame, and the V0 is varied by adjusting the amount of air input.
In the circular tube, the average flow velocity is not reduced by the ejection distance, but the difference between the boundary flow velocity and the central flow velocity is large, and in addition, the measurement and observation are inconvenient.
In the open space, the air flow velocity is gradually reduced with the ejection distance due to the air friction force, and in addition, the flow velocity is lower near the boundary of the air flow than at the center due to the boundary effect.
Step five: adjusting the distance between the flame center and the air jet plate and keeping the distance within the range of L1, wherein the distance of L1 needs to satisfy V1= V0 k, wherein V1 is the flame flow speed, and k is the accuracy coefficient of the wind speed;
the measured data in the interval of 0-L1 is effective data, and different spraying speeds correspond to different L1 values;
step six: starting the test from low wind speed; adjusting the power of a fan to low-power operation, adjusting the air speed of an air injection port by adjusting the opening of an adjusting valve, and observing whether flame is subjected to a fire-dropping phenomenon in the adjusting process;
step seven: gradually increasing the air speed of the nozzle, observing whether the flame has a fire-out phenomenon or not, and recording the air speed at the moment if the fire-out phenomenon starts to occur;
according to the determination, the following results are obtained:
when 0 degree<θ<At 90 deg.C, FRθ=FR0*cos(θ)+ FR90*sin(θ); （1）
When 90 degree<θ<At 180 DEG, FRθ=FR0*cos(180-θ)+ FR90*sin(θ); （2）
The flame rigidity value at any included angle between the flame and the air jet is calculated.
If the limit wind speed of other angles needs to be measured, the flame and wind spraying angle can be adjusted.
And if other flame working conditions need to be measured, adjusting the flame of the burner and restarting calibration.
The data are recorded as in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 flame rigidity measurement chart
(Note: the data in the Table are assumptions.)
According to experimental determination:
when 0 degree<θ<At 90 deg.C, FRθ=FR0*cos(θ)+ FR90Sin (theta); (formula 1)
When 90 degree<θ<At 180 DEG, FRθ=FR0*cos(180-θ)+ FR90Sin (theta); (formula 2)
Therefore, the flame rigidity value at any included angle between the flame and the jet air can be calculated.
Claims (1)
1. A method for measuring the flame rigidity quantification of a burner is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the system is connected with a flame rigidity quantification test system, and comprises a variable frequency fan, a flowmeter, an adjusting valve, a blast pipe and a blast plate which are connected in sequence;
step two: a jet plate is fixed at the wind outlet, a plurality of jet holes are arranged on the jet plate at intervals in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction, the pressure in front of all the jet holes is consistent, and the airflow jetted out by each jet hole is equal in speed and quantity;
adjusting the total air output of the air spraying pipe to change the speed passing through the spray holes of the air spraying plate, detecting the air speed at different distances from the spray holes, and measuring and drawing a change curve of the air speed; adjusting the size and the interval of spray holes, adjusting the ventilation quantity and the wind speed, and determining a reasonable detection interval by combining the detection of the change of the wind speed;
step three: adjusting the power of the burner;
step four: the flame is placed in the range of the airflow section A0 by adjusting the position of the ignition gun, and the flow rates of all points in the range of A0 are all V0;
step five: adjusting the distance between the flame center and the air jet plate and keeping the distance within the range of L1, wherein the distance of L1 needs to satisfy V1= V0 k, wherein V1 is the flame flow speed, and k is the accuracy coefficient of the wind speed;
the measured data in the interval of 0-L1 is effective data, and different spraying speeds correspond to different L1 values;
step six: starting the test from low wind speed; adjusting the power of a fan to low-power operation, adjusting the air speed of an air injection port by adjusting the opening of an adjusting valve, and observing whether flame is subjected to a fire-dropping phenomenon in the adjusting process;
step seven: gradually increasing the air speed of the nozzle, observing whether the flame has a fire-out phenomenon or not, and recording the air speed at the moment if the fire-out phenomenon starts to occur;
according to the determination, the following results are obtained:
when 0 degree<θ<At 90 deg.C, FRθ=FR0*cos(θ)+ FR90*sin(θ); （1）
When 90 degree<θ<At 180 DEG, FRθ=FR0*cos(180-θ)+ FR90*sin(θ); （2）
The flame rigidity value at any included angle between the flame and the air jet is calculated.
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| CN201710750151.2A CN109424975B (en) | 2017-08-28 | 2017-08-28 | Method for measuring flame rigidity quantification of burner |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0105610A2 (en) * | 1982-09-03 | 1984-04-18 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Flame monitors |
| CN1410709A (en) * | 2001-09-29 | 2003-04-16 | 上海理工大学 | Flame monitoring, diagnosing and measuring method and installation |
| CN201348257Y (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2009-11-18 | 首钢总公司 | Device for shortening flame length of burner nozzle |
| KR101419918B1 (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2014-07-15 | 박석진 | Burner flame mornitoring system applied multi-color sensor |
| CN106838976A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-06-13 | 贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of flame detector cooling device and method |
| CN107013935A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Improve the flame monitoring technical optimization method of combustion furnace security |
-
2017
- 2017-08-28 CN CN201710750151.2A patent/CN109424975B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0105610A2 (en) * | 1982-09-03 | 1984-04-18 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Flame monitors |
| CN1410709A (en) * | 2001-09-29 | 2003-04-16 | 上海理工大学 | Flame monitoring, diagnosing and measuring method and installation |
| CN201348257Y (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2009-11-18 | 首钢总公司 | Device for shortening flame length of burner nozzle |
| KR101419918B1 (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2014-07-15 | 박석진 | Burner flame mornitoring system applied multi-color sensor |
| CN106838976A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-06-13 | 贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of flame detector cooling device and method |
| CN107013935A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Improve the flame monitoring technical optimization method of combustion furnace security |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 低燃烧压力下火焰温度的量测;朱伊杰;《浙江大学学报》;19850829;全文 * |
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