CN109422565A - The method of sludge composting - Google Patents
The method of sludge composting Download PDFInfo
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- CN109422565A CN109422565A CN201710759748.3A CN201710759748A CN109422565A CN 109422565 A CN109422565 A CN 109422565A CN 201710759748 A CN201710759748 A CN 201710759748A CN 109422565 A CN109422565 A CN 109422565A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the method for sludge composting, this method is to store three main technological steps by mix, aerobic fermentation, discharging and realize.This method carries out aerobic compost using sludge from wastewater treatment plant, beer enterprise waste water treatment plant sludge and furfural enterprise discharge furfural dregs joint, initial compost parameter is adjusted in particular with different sludge compositing characteristics and acid furfural dregs, has many advantages, such as to reduce Ecological Environment Risk, the nutrient for improving composting production, reduces compost cost, high-rate composting can be thus achieved without adding additional microbial flora.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the methods of sludge composting, and in particular to gives up to using sludge from wastewater treatment plant, Pi Sa enterprise
Water treatment plant's sludge and furfural enterprise discharge furfural dregs joint carry out the new method of aerobic compost, in particular with different sludge groups
Initial compost parameter, and the new process of accurate regulation compost parameter are adjusted at feature and acid furfural dregs.
Background technique
With the enhancing of government agencies at all levels and common people's environmental protection consciousness, sanitary sewage disposal rate is continuously improved, currently,
80% or so city-building sewage treatment plant, these sewage treatment plants are largely that sewage treatment is carried out using bioanalysis, raw
Although object method simple process operating cost is low, its generate sludge quantity it is big, be more than 10,000,000 tons/every year, have become puzzlement
The a great problem of sewage treatment industry.Such problem is also faced in some the food enterprises.For example, China is Beer Brewage
With consumption big country, more than 3,500 ten thousand tons of beer are produced every year, the sewage generated in beer production is high concentrated organic wastewater, one
As using anaerobic organism method handle, the sludge quantity generated every year reaches 300,000 tons or more, if lot of beer sludge cannot get
Effective processing disposition, it will constitute a serious threat to environment and ecology.Since the harmful substance contained in beer sewage is less,
Such sludge can seldom detect heavy metal, and containing necessary microelements of crop growths such as boron, keys, have biggish
Land use value.But at this stage, after landfill, burning and compost in three kinds of land use main sludge treating methods, China is many
Mostly area fills possible polluted underground water, brings great environmental risk, and substantially reduce still by the way of landfill
Landfill yard service life, future will gradually be eliminated；Although burning, reduction is obvious, and investment cost is big, air pollution
Seriously；Land-Use can both reduce sludge bring secondary environmental pollution after compost, while recycling benefit may be implemented
With being a kind of sludge treating method for being sent to great expectations.Bacterium that Composting is widely present using nature, actinomyces, fungi
Equal microorganisms controlledly promote organic matter biodegradable in solid waste to the microorganism of stable humic-like substance biochemical conversion
Process makes organic matter that biochemical degradation occur under certain carbon-nitrogen ratio, temperature, humidity and pH value condition, forms a type
Like the substance of humus soil.Composting Process has aerobic compost and two kinds of anaerobic composting, and Sludge Composting is substantially adopted at present
It is aerobic compost.Sludge aerobic compost effect is significant by the factors such as carbon-nitrogen ratio, pH value, moisture content, temperature, oxygen concentration
It influences.Most of existing aerobic compost method needs to control suitable carbon-nitrogen ratio, improve logical oxygen condition, adjusting moisture
Conditioners, some technologies such as straw, sawdust, which are added, even will also add some microbial floras to improve composting efficiency, these are all
Additional process and investment are increased, compost material complex pretreatment is made.In actual composting process, pH is to microbial bacteria
Group activity have a major impact, but existing method there is no propose pH is regulated and controled, moreover, the important parameters such as oxygen concentration be only according to
It is controlled by ventilation quantity, lacks accurate regulation measure, be unfavorable for quick aerobic compost, caused composting cycle longer, influence heap
Fertilizer efficiency rate.Therefore, for problems existing for existing sludge composting technique, it is badly in need of proposing new scheme to push sludge composting
Change.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the methods of sludge composting, carry out compost by single kind sludge and are changed into multiple types dirt
Mud joint carries out compost, and regulates and controls pH parameter by the acidic waste furfural dregs of addition furfurol industry generation, reduces nitrogen
Loss, increase the use value of composting production, while introducing oxygen concentration monitoring technology, Temperature monitoring technology, moisture measurement
Technology, it is accurate to grasp and regulate and control composting process parameter, realize high-rate composting.Moreover, this technique passes through allotment municipal sludge, beer
The proportion of sludge and furfural dregs, the parameters such as pH, carbon-nitrogen ratio are that can reach the requirement of compost, do not need addition microbial bacterial agent and wood
The conditioners such as bits, are effectively reduced compost cost.
To achieve the goals above, the method for sludge composting provided by the invention mainly comprises the steps that
Variety classes sludge mix
According to sludge from wastewater treatment plant fundamental property, brewery sewage handles the base of sludge fundamental property and furfural dregs
This property, three kinds of compost materials are mixed according to a certain percentage, using churned mechanically mode or the artificial mode for collecting together heap
It is mixed, mixed material pH is 6. 0-7. 5, and C/N 25: 1-35: 1, water content is in 60-70%.Specific side
Method are as follows: adjusting water content, different types of sludge pass through natural air drying first, and water content is reduced to 60-70% by 90%;Secondly
The pH of adjusting pH, municipal sludge and Beer Sludge is between 8. 5-9. 0, and furfural dregs pH < l. 0, sludge is pressed with furfural dregs
It is mixed according to mass ratio 40-50:1, mixed sludge pH is 6. 0-7. 5;Then C/N is adjusted, Beer Sludge C/N is
51-56: 1, municipal sludge C/N are 5-8: 1, and municipal sludge is mixed with Beer Sludge according to 2-3: 1, it is contemplated that furfural
The C/N of slag is 80:1, and the C/N of material is 25-35:1 after mixing.
Aerobic fermentation
Above-mentioned mixed material is packed into fermentation tank, and 3-5 monitoring point is arranged in slot and is used for oxygen concentration, temperature, pH and aqueous
Amount monitoring, is uniformly distributed ventilation duct 4 in fermentation tank body, when oxygen concentration reduces, using in air blower blowing air retention groove
Oxygen concentration > 10%.Several spray heads are set on slot top, and have a water head tank, built-in furfural dregs leaching liquor, for adjusting
Heap body water content and pH are saved, in the aerobic compost last stage, so that heap body is kept 45-60% water content, pH is 6. 0-7. 5, aerobic
The compost later period makes heap body keep 25-30% water content, and pH is 6. 5-7. 5.Measure a rotten degree daily since the 5th day,
Material passes through 10-15 days aerobic fermentations in fermentation tank, reaches decomposed.Above-mentioned fermentation tank is semi-underground structures, underground 0. 3
Rice, is piled by brick and cement by 1. 2 meters on the ground, 3 meters long, 1. 5 meters wide, 1. 5 meters high, fills one away from 0. 3 meter ampere of bottom
A gas distribution pipe is accessed in partition with 4 holes, each hole, and to prevent gas distribution pipe by sludge blockage, one layer of nonwoven is wrapped up in outside
Cloth, air blower provide oxygen by the gas distribution pipe for heap body.Method particularly includes: it is small every 3-5 after charging material into fermentation tank
Shi Jilu oxygen concentration, a temperature, every 12 hours pH of measurement and water content, when oxygen concentration is lower than 10%, i.e. unlatching is roused
Blower is the oxygen supply of heap body, and oxygen concentration stops close to after 20%, when heap temperature is greater than 75 °C, opens air blower and divulges information, temperature <
60 °C of stopping ventilations.During 4-7 days, pH can be increased to 8-9, and water content drops to 35-45%, open water head tank valve at this time
Door, reduces pH to 6-7. 5 by spray mode, water content increase accordingly 50-55%.During 5-10 days, pass through air blower
Priority control temperature and oxygen concentration are kept it in aforementioned range；During 10-15 days, without regulating and controlling each seed ginseng again
Number, makes heap body naturally decomposed.Rotten degree test method is oxygen consumption rate method, percentage of seedgermination method and starch method of testing, entire
Composting cycle changes over time value by the oxygen amount of measurement and calculates oxygen consumption rate, after the 5th day, takes mixing in 3-5 sampled point
Sample tests percentage of seedgermination and test content of starch, and three indexs can reach decomposed after 10-15 days and require standard.
Discharging storage
Decomposed material obtained above, water content 13-20%, indices reach national sludge composting agricultural standard requirements,
It is stand-by in a cool and dry place that storage can directly be packed.In addition, the content of organic matter of the decomposed material is between 53-65%, nitrogen phosphorus
Potassium total nutrient (N+P205+K20, in terms of butt) content is 12. 7-13. 5%, can be used as production compound organic and inorganic fertilizer
Organic matter material also complies with organic fertilizer agricultural ministerial standard (NY525-2002) and close national organic-inorganic compound fertilizer
(GB18877-2002) related request can be used directly as organic fertilizer, or a small amount of inorganic fertilizer of addition can have been produced
Machine inorganic composite mixed fertilizer.
Sludge Composting production is carried out using the present invention to have the advantages that
1, the component characteristic of this technology utilization difference sludge, rational proportion optimize composting conditions, reduce Ecological Environment Risk.City
City's sludge contains a certain amount of heavy metal, the harmful substances such as a large amount of pathogens, and C/N high limits Sludge Composting soil benefit
With；The sewage of beer enterprise discharge is simpler compared to municipal sewage plant's raw water ingredient, the Beer Sludge harmful substance of generation
Content is few, and almost inspection does not measure heavy metal, and C/N is low, and the two hybrid reactor extensive use of chemical fertilizer, C/N tends to be reasonable, and can reduce compost production
The harmful substances such as heavy metal bring Ecological Environment Risk in product land use.
2, this technology utilization furfural enterprise generates waste furfural dregs and leaching liquor adjust the pH of compost material, in heap
Keep the faintly acid of heap body to neutral environment in fertile initial stage and composting process, the environmental benefits in the vital movement of oxygen consumption flora,
Accelerate compost maturity process, and the volatilization loss of nitrogen can be limited, improves the nutrient of composting production.
3, the furfural dregs added can not only regulate and control the pH of compost material, also can replace
The conditioners such as sawdust, stalk and leavening agent regulate and control C/N, guarantee ventilatory effect.In addition, being replaced using free furfural dregs
Sawdust and straw etc. also eliminate sawdust, the buying expenses of straw and manufacturing procedure and processing charges, are further simplified process
With reduce compost cost.
4, the monitoring point of the parameters such as several oxygen concentrations, temperature is set in heap body, the change of compost parameter can be grasped in real time
Change information, and by accurate regulation measure, composting process is made to be in best compost state always, without adding additional micro- life
High-rate composting both may be implemented in object flora.
5, this technique Composting product, the nutrient loss such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are small, and the content of organic matter reaches 53-65%, and total nutrient contains
Amount is 12. 7-13. 5%, can be used as the organic matter material of production compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, also complies with Ministry of Agriculture's organic fertilizer
The related request of standard (NY525-2002) and close national organic-inorganic compound fertilizer standard (GB18877-2002), can be straight
It connects and is used as organic fertilizer, compound organic and inorganic fertilizer can be produced by adding a small amount of inorganic fertilizer.
Specific embodiment
In order to better understand the present invention, the present invention is described further below with reference to embodiment, but the present invention claims
The range of protection is not limited solely to the range illustrated in embodiment.
Embodiment 1
According to dewatered sludge, certain beer enterprise sewage plant dewatered sludge, certain furfural mill furfural dregs to certain municipal sewage plant
The analysis of fundamental property is as a result, first spread out two kinds of sludge
Then flat natural wind 1,000 days takes 2 tons of municipal waste water treatment sludge to be uniformly mixed with 50 kilograms of furfural dregs turnings, takes beer
1 ton of factory's sewage sludge is uniformly mixed with 25 kilograms of furfural dregs turnings, then two kinds of sludge turnings for adding furfural dregs are mixed
It is even, obtain the deployed mud mixture material to compost.Analyze the fundamental property of the mud mixture material are as follows: water content 68%,
PH is 6. 3;C/N is 33: 1, and total nitrogen (N, in terms of butt) content is 4. 5%, and total phosphorus (P205, in terms of butt) content is 6.
8%, total potassium (K20, in terms of butt) content is 3. 5%.The mud mixture material is fitted into fermentation tank, in the diagonal of fermentation tank
3 monitoring points are set at equal intervals on line, every 5 hour record oxygen concentration, a temperature, every the pH of measurement in 12 hours and
Water content, when oxygen concentration is lower than 10%, i.e., unlatching air blower is the oxygen supply of heap body, and oxygen concentration stops close to after 20%, works as heap temperature
When greater than 75 °C, air blower ventilation is opened, less than 60 °C stoppings of temperature are divulged information, and when pH is increased to 8 or more, water content drops to
When 45%, water head tank valve is opened, (leaching liquor is tap water and chaff by furfural dregs leaching liquor spray heap body by way of spray
The aqueous solution that aldehyde slag is obtained according to mass ratio 50: 1), pH stops less than 7.Do not have to regulate and control various parameters again after 10 days, allow
Heap body is naturally decomposed.Three the oxygen consumption rate curve of measurement in 13rd day, percentage of seedgermination and starch method of testing indexs show heap
Fertilizer reaches decomposed requirement.Test the fundamental property of the decomposed sludge are as follows: water content 18%, pH are 6. 6;Total nutrient (N, P205,
K20, in terms of butt) content be 13. 5%, heavy metal and sanitary index reach Ministry of Agriculture organic fertilizer standard (NY525-
2002).Urea and each 50 kilograms of potassium chloride are added in the decomposed sludge, 30 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, being granulated by drying can give birth to
Output organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, the fertilizer meet the correlation of national organic-inorganic compound fertilizer standard (GB18877-2002)
It is required that.
Embodiment 2
According to dewatered sludge, certain beer enterprise sewage plant dewatered sludge, certain furfural mill furfural dregs to certain municipal sewage plant
Then the analysis of fundamental property takes 3 tons of municipal waste water treatment sludge and 60 as a result, two kinds of sludge are first shakeout natural air drying 5 days
Kilogram furfural dregs turning is uniformly mixed, and takes 1 ton of brewery sewage sludge to be uniformly mixed with 25 kilograms of furfural dregs turnings, then will add
Add two kinds of sludge turnings of furfural dregs to be uniformly mixed, obtains the deployed mud mixture material to compost.Analyze sludge mixing
The fundamental property of material are as follows: water content 63%, pH are 6. 8;C/N is 32: 1, and total nitrogen (N, in terms of butt) content is 4. 2%,
Total phosphorus (P205, in terms of butt) content is 5. 8%, and total potassium (K20, in terms of butt) content is 2. 5%.By the mud mixture
Material is fitted into fermentation tank, and 3 monitoring points are arranged at equal intervals on the diagonal line of fermentation tank, dense every oxygen of 5 hour record
Degree, temperature, every 12 hours pH of measurement and water content, when oxygen concentration is lower than 10%, i.e., unlatching air blower is the oxygen supply of heap body,
Oxygen concentration stops close to after 20%, when heap temperature is greater than 75 °C, opens air blower ventilation, temperature stops logical less than 60 °C
Wind opens water head tank valve, is extracted furfural dregs by spray mode when pH reaches 8 or more, and water content drops to 40%
Liquid spray heap body (leaching liquor is the aqueous solution that tap water and furfural dregs are obtained according to mass ratio 50: 1), pH stops less than 7.
Do not have to regulate and control various parameters again after 10 days, makes heap body naturally decomposed.The oxygen consumption rate curve of measurement in 12nd day, germination
Three indexs of rate and starch method of testing show that compost reaches decomposed requirement.Test the decomposed sludge fundamental property are as follows: water content
19. 2%, pH are 6. 7;Total nutrient (N, P205, K20, in terms of butt) content is 12. 8%, and heavy metal and sanitary index are equal
Reach Ministry of Agriculture's organic fertilizer standard (NY525-2002).Urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride each 50 are added in the decomposed sludge
Kilogram, organic-inorganic compound fertilizer can be produced by being granulated by drying, which meets national organic-inorganic compound fertilizer mark
The related request of quasi- (GB18877-2002).
Embodiment 3
According to dewatered sludge, certain beer enterprise sewage plant dewatered sludge, certain furfural mill furfural dregs to certain municipal sewage plant
Then the analysis of fundamental property takes 3. 5 tons of municipal waste water treatment sludge as a result, two kinds of sludge are first shakeout natural air drying 5 days
It is uniformly mixed with 75 kilograms of furfural dregs turnings, takes 1. 5 tons of brewery sewage sludge to be uniformly mixed with 30 kilograms of furfural dregs turnings,
Two kinds of sludge turnings for adding furfural dregs are uniformly mixed again, obtain the deployed mud mixture material to compost.Analyze the dirt
The fundamental property of mud mixed material are as follows: water content 61%, pH are 6. 7;C/N is 30: 1, and total nitrogen (N, in terms of butt) content is
3. 1%, total phosphorus (P205, in terms of butt) content is 5. 2%, total potassium (K20, in terms of butt) content is 2. 2%.By the sludge
Mixed material is fitted into fermentation tank, and 3 monitoring points are arranged at equal intervals on the diagonal line of fermentation tank, primary every 5 hour records
Oxygen concentration, temperature, every 12 hours pH of measurement and water content, when oxygen concentration is lower than 10%, i.e., unlatching air blower is heap body
Oxygen supply, oxygen concentration stop close to after 20%, when heap temperature is greater than 75 °C, open air blower ventilation, temperature is stopped less than 60 °C
It only divulges information, when pH reaches 8 or more, and water content drops to 45%, water head tank valve is opened, by furfural dregs by way of spray
Leaching liquor spray heap body (leaching liquor is the aqueous solution that tap water and furfural dregs are obtained according to mass ratio 50: 1), pH is less than 7
Stop.Do not have to regulate and control various parameters again after 10 days, makes heap body naturally decomposed.Oxygen consumption rate curve, the seed of measurement in 15th day
Three indexs of germination percentage and starch method of testing show that compost reaches decomposed requirement.Test the decomposed sludge fundamental property are as follows: contain
Water 17. 6%, pH are 6. 9;Total nutrient (N, P205, K20, in terms of butt) content is 13. 3%, and heavy metal and health refer to
Mark reaches Ministry of Agriculture's organic fertilizer standard (NY525-2002).Urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride are added in the decomposed sludge
Each 50 kilograms, organic-inorganic compound fertilizer can be produced by being granulated by drying, which meets national compound organic and inorganic fertilizer
The related request of material standard (GB18877-2002).
Claims (1)
1. the method for sludge composting, it is characterised in that: method includes the following steps:
1., mix
Weigh in proportion sludge from wastewater treatment plant, brewery sewage processing three kinds of sludge, furfural dregs compost materials, above-mentioned three
Kind compost material is proportionally mixed, and is mixed using churned mechanically mode or the artificial mode for collecting together heap, after mixing
Material pH be 6. 0-7. 5, C/N 25: 1-35: 1, water content is in 60-70%;
2., aerobic fermentation
It is above-mentioned 1. in mixed material be packed into fermentation tank, be arranged in slot 3-5 monitoring point be used for oxygen concentration, temperature, pH and
Water content monitoring, is uniformly distributed ventilation duct four in fermentation tank body, when oxygen concentration reduces, is protected using air blower blowing air
It holds oxygen concentration in slot and is greater than 10%, several spray heads are set on slot top, and have a water head tank, built-in furfural dregs extraction
Liquid, for adjusting heap body water content and PH, the leaching liquor is tap water and furfural dregs obtained according to mass ratio 50: 1 it is water-soluble
Liquid；
Specific method is: after charging material into fermentation tank, every 3-5 hour record oxygen concentration, a temperature, every 12 hours
A pH and water content are measured, when oxygen concentration is lower than 10%, i.e., unlatching air blower is the oxygen supply of heap body, and oxygen concentration stops close to after 20%
Only, when heap temperature is greater than 75 °C, air blower ventilation is opened, less than 60 °C stoppings of temperature are divulged information, during 4-7 days, pH meeting
It is increased to 8-9, water content drops to 35-45%, and water head tank valve is opened at this time, and pH to 6-7. 5 is reduced by spray mode,
Water content increase accordingly 50-55%, during 5-10 days, by air blower priority control temperature and oxygen concentration, makes its holding
In aforementioned range；During 10-15 days, without regulating and controlling various parameters again, make heap body naturally decomposed；
3., discharging storage
2. decomposed material that above-mentioned steps obtain, water content 13-20%, indices reach national sludge composting agricultural standard
It is required that it is stand-by in a cool and dry place directly to pack storage.
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| CN201710759748.3A CN109422565A (en) | 2017-08-30 | 2017-08-30 | The method of sludge composting |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110577421A (en) * | 2019-09-07 | 2019-12-17 | 山东鲁抗中和环保科技有限公司 | Method for composting bacterial residues |
| CN115215703A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-10-21 | 无锡国联环保科技股份有限公司 | Soil conditioner based on dried sludge and preparation method thereof |
| CN115368195A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2022-11-22 | 吉安市傲农现代农业科技有限公司 | Sludge composting method and application thereof |
-
2017
- 2017-08-30 CN CN201710759748.3A patent/CN109422565A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110577421A (en) * | 2019-09-07 | 2019-12-17 | 山东鲁抗中和环保科技有限公司 | Method for composting bacterial residues |
| CN115215703A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-10-21 | 无锡国联环保科技股份有限公司 | Soil conditioner based on dried sludge and preparation method thereof |
| CN115368195A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2022-11-22 | 吉安市傲农现代农业科技有限公司 | Sludge composting method and application thereof |
| CN115368195B (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2024-01-30 | 吉安市傲农现代农业科技有限公司 | Sludge composting method and application thereof |
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