CN109406947A - A kind of explosion-proof type intelligent trouble indicator - Google Patents
A kind of explosion-proof type intelligent trouble indicator Download PDFInfo
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- CN109406947A CN109406947A CN201811496178.4A CN201811496178A CN109406947A CN 109406947 A CN109406947 A CN 109406947A CN 201811496178 A CN201811496178 A CN 201811496178A CN 109406947 A CN109406947 A CN 109406947A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/085—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution lines, e.g. overhead
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
- G01R19/2506—Arrangements for conditioning or analysing measured signals, e.g. for indicating peak values ; Details concerning sampling, digitizing or waveform capturing
- G01R19/2509—Details concerning sampling, digitizing or waveform capturing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of explosion-proof type intelligent trouble indicator, including fault acquisition device, collect unit and main website；Fault acquisition device includes current acquisition module, backup power source, power conversion module, battery voltage sampling and control module, electric field sampling module, radio-frequency module and power supply control, programming interface, protection, driving, low power consumption control device, indicator light board turning and resets control module and driving circuit；Collecting unit includes sun-generated electric power and backup power supply module, radio communication, GPRS communication, encryption, external clock unit, backup power source activation control module and external storage functional module；Phase fault, ground fault, transient fault and permanent fault realization in distribution line failure can accurately be judged, and failure logging is accurately uploaded to distribution main website, failure precise positioning is analyzed, while main website is uploaded to current waveform before and after the failure generation moment and over the ground voltage of electric field waveform and for accident analysis, inverting and is traced to the source.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fault detector technical fields, and in particular to fault detector.
Background technique
Power supply line, China is exposed to the open air of bad environments more, is influenced throughout the year by various undesirable elements and situation,
The failure of route is caused to happen occasionally, and due to environment complexity, once occurring, searching guilty culprit position will become some failures
It is extremely difficult.Therefore, after line failure, timely and effectively excision and isolated fault section, guarantee other non-faulting sections
Normal power supply fast and accurately determines abort situation, is repaired and safeguarded in time, it is ensured that prestissimo restores electricity, above
These, all have very important significance for the safe and stable operation of entire supply network.
However, the correlative study of distribution fault detection and diagnosis is on the low side compared with transmission of electricity, auxiliary facility is also incomplete, matches
The power supply reliability and power supply quality of power grid be all unable to satisfy today's society Regional Economic Development there is an urgent need to.It is corresponding to it
The case where be that distribution network is the supply network directly facing Electricity customers, it is inseparable with daily life, breath manner of breathing
It closes.Further, since directly facing user, so the development of power distribution network directly affects the economic development in region.Distribution network one
Denier breaks down, and huge loss will be caused to regional economy, and the routine work and life to people bring great inconvenience.
With carrying out in a deep going way for state grid corporation of smart grid engineering project, distribution network automated degree is in urgent need to be improved.
Realize distribution network automated, the real-time acquisition of electric network information data and automatically processing for fault message, being must be real first
Existing function.In general, the failure of distribution line is broadly divided into transient fault and two kinds of permanent fault: transient fault is
Refer to after line failure, reclosing can stable operation the case where；After permanent fault refers to line failure, even if
The case where reclosing failure still remains, therefore leads to unsuccessful reclosing, can not restore stable operation.Statistics is shown, is matched
Instantaneity and permanent ratio are about 9:1 in electric network fault.Even so, after but occurring due to permanent fault, route is jumped
Lock, insulation cannot automatically reset.If route can be thrown on permanent fault point, be led by circuit re-switching by force
Cause accident further expansion, serious conditions even can cause serious accident.Therefore, it is quickly and accurately positioned location of accident,
It will be effectively improved power distribution network operating condition, greatly improve power supply reliability.
For the fault characteristic of the above distribution line, in conjunction with smart grid and distribution network automated development need, we
Case has studied a power distribution network 35kV(35kV based on intelligent trouble indicator and following) overhead transmission line monitoring management system.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention is directed to propose a kind of fault detector is, it can be achieved that online prison to electric distribution network overhead wire
The quick positioning of control and failure, real time data and the upload of operation of power networks can be acquired by wireless transmission terminal；Pass through intelligence
The LED light of fault detector may be implemented to distinguish the position of failure point instruction of fault type；It can by software auxiliary system
To realize long-range information collection and parameter setting.
The present invention provides a kind of technical solution:
A kind of explosion-proof type intelligent trouble indicator, including fault acquisition device, collect unit and main website；The fault acquisition device includes
Current acquisition module, backup power source, power conversion module, battery voltage sampling and control module, electric field sampling module, radio frequency mould
Block and power supply control, programming interface, protection, driving, low power consumption control device, indicator light board turning and reset control module and driving electricity
Road；The unit that collects includes sun-generated electric power and backup power supply module, radio communication, GPRS communication, encryption, external clock list
Member, backup power source activation control module and external storage functional module；Can in distribution line failure phase fault,
Ground fault, transient fault and permanent fault realization accurately judge, and failure logging is accurately uploaded to host
It stands and failure precise positioning is analyzed, while moment front and back current waveform and over the ground voltage of electric field waveform upload main website are occurred to failure
For accident analysis, inverting and trace to the source.
Further, for the current collector that current acquisition module uses for closed magnetic circuit, current acquisition is aerial by being suspended on
The electric current on current collector acquisition aerial cable on cable, then samples current signal by current regulating circuit
With take electricity, and it is protected accordingly and clipping, current signal enters main control chip through A D interface sampling, as working as front
The current value on road carries out calculating judgement, and another way by capacitance voltage stabilizing and power supply chip carry out level conversion be control chip,
Communication chip and each analog circuit provide 5V and 3.3V power supply.
Further, the indicator light board turning is distributed in collector bottom plate at 120 ° using highlighted LED light emitting diode, protects
Card indicator light and turns in line failure and can see indicating fault and alarm within the scope of 360 degree.
Further, backup power source activation control module by overcurrent mutation, voltage of electric field and combines actual electric network two
Secondary relay protection system detects line outage and reclosing process failure is precisely detected and be judged, and to current waveform
Electric field data is acquired in real time over the ground.
Further, the sun-generated electric power and backup power supply module include solar panel and battery, wherein will too
Positive energy solar panel is as main power source, and battery is as backup power source.
Further, the radio-frequency module uses LORA wireless communication chips.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) traditional fault acquisition device current acquisition generally separates or directlys adopt battery power supply with electricity is taken, and not only increases
Indicator volume and weight also adds cost, and the current acquisition unit of this fault detector, which uses, takes electricity and current sample one
Bodyization design, using the same current acquisition module, which can not only reduce equipment volume and can reduce cost.
(2) traditional circuit voltage acquisition or do not adopt or using mutual inductor acquire, not only considerably increase cost in this way,
The difficulty of construction is also increased, if accuracy when may not make breakdown judge to voltage sample, increases the mistake of equipment
Dynamic and tripping rate, reduces the accuracy rate of fault detector.
(3) this product parameter can be set or adjusted online, and traditional device parameter can not on-line tuning.
(4) traditional fault-indicating system only realizes " one is distant " function, and this product can realize " four is distant " function, can be in equipment
Remote reset control etc. is carried out when malfunction.
(5) collecting unit not only and can carry out far and near distance transmission can also can be to three-phase by receiving collector sampled signal
Comprehensive descision is carried out, the accuracy of equipment is improved, and traditional unit that collects only has information transfer capability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is fault acquisition device unit block diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 collects unit block diagram for fault detector of the invention；
Fig. 3 is this system fault verification process of the invention；
Fig. 4 is fault collection unit software flow of the invention.
Specific embodiment
To keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of the invention implemented clearer, below in conjunction in the embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is further described in more detail.In the accompanying drawings, identical from beginning to end or class
As label indicate same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Described embodiment is the present invention
A part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, it is intended to use
It is of the invention in explaining, and be not considered as limiting the invention.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill people
Member's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.Under
Face is described in detail the embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with attached drawing.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a kind of fault detector, for being detected to circuit.Including fault acquisition device, collect
Unit and main website.The fault acquisition device includes current sample+take electricity, backup power source, power conversion module, battery voltage sampling
And control module 100, electric field sampling module, radio-frequency module 200 and power supply control, programming interface, protection, driving, low-power consumption control
Device processed, board turning 300 and reset control module and driving circuit etc..The unit that collects includes sun-generated electric power and backup power supply mould
Block, radio communication, GPRS communication, encryption, external clock unit, backup power source activation control and external storage functional module.
The current collector that electric field sampling module uses, to improve the sensitivity of current detecting, has simultaneously for closed magnetic circuit
The standby function from current in wire magnetic field automatic electricity getting.Current acquisition is acquired aerial by the current collector being suspended on aerial cable
Then electric current on cable is sampled and is taken to current signal electricity by current regulating circuit, and protected accordingly to it
Shield and clipping, current signal enter main control chip through AD sampling, and the current value as current line carries out calculating judgement, and another
Road by capacitance voltage stabilizing and power supply chip carry out level conversion be control chip, communication chip and each analog circuit provide 5V and
3.3V power supply can be that chip and circuit are powered by standby lithium pond (3.6V) when line current is smaller.
Voltage acquisition module uses electric-field sensor, and work mainly utilizes electrostatic induction principle, the main portion of sensor
It is divided to and is made of upper and lower two external conductive casings, by an inductance capacitance connection among two shells, when sensor external is without electric field,
The positive and negative charge of sensor balances, and is in electroneutral, and as extra electric field E, under the action of electric field, the positive negative electricity of sensor is what weight
New distribution, negative electrical charge move up, and positive charge moves down, and the both ends capacitor CSENSE is made to generate electrification pressure USENSE.Pass through electric-field sensor
We can be by acquiring curent change, and assists using voltage of electric field come more accurate judgement ground fault, overhead type
The tension disc (electric-field sensor) of indicator is close to conducting wire, and to improve the sensitivity of electric field detection, cable-type indicator draws electricity
Field wire is close at end, to improve the sensitivity of electric field detection.
Enter AD sample port after this electric field collection voltages input fault collector after clipping and voltage conditioning circuit,
Voltage reference value is provided for controller, cooperation current signal is applied to breakdown judge.
Power module voluntarily takes electricity and the power supply of standby lithium Asia battery using current collector, and collector passes through under normal circumstances
Induction coil on aerial cable carries out taking electric [5A (minimum takes electric current) can meet collector and take electric requirement], normal condition
It is lower to use the electricity got as main power source, while detection takes piezoelectric voltage and backup power supply supply voltage to cut by real-time detection dynamic
Power supply mode is changed, reduces and improves service time of battery using backup power source.
Radio-frequency module system: collector uses LORA wireless communication chips, and collector and manifold bidirectional data exchange are logical
It crosses short distance wireless radiofrequency chip, the collected data of collector actively regularly reports to (periodic time can freely be set
It is fixed), the power switch of radio frequency chip is controllable, waits open and close when needed, reduce the power consumption of acquisition system, guarantee that failure refers to
Show that device can complete the transmission of data in the case where super low-power consumption.
Indicator light and board turning: indicator light is distributed in collector bottom plate at 120 ° using highlighted LED light emitting diode, guarantees
It indicator light and turns in line failure and can see indicating fault and alarm within the scope of 360 degree.
Wireless communication module includes near field communication and GPRS mixed networking mode, and manifold and collector pass through near field
Wireless communication carries out data communication time and synchronizes, and the number of collector is carried out composite record by manifold, periodically passes through GPRS net
Network works as failure to main website reported data, and manifold leads to current waveform before and after failure point moment and voltage of electric field waveform
It crosses GPRS and is uploaded to main website.Power switch is arranged in GPRS and near field communication, intermittently works to reduce power consumption when being long
Between work and provide safeguard.
This fault acquisition device accuracy rate depends on the sampling of voltage and current, therefore the current collector that uses of the design is closes
It closes magnetic circuit and is provided simultaneously with the function from current in wire magnetic field automatic electricity getting to improve the sensitivity of current detecting.Current acquisition passes through
The electric current being suspended on the current collector acquisition aerial cable on aerial cable, then believes electric current by current regulating circuit
Number electricity is sampled and taken, and it is protected accordingly and clipping, current signal enter main control chip through AD sampling, as
The current value of current line carries out calculating judgement, and it is control that another way, which carries out level conversion by capacitance voltage stabilizing and power supply chip,
Chip, communication chip and each analog circuit provide 5V and 3.3V power supply, can pass through standby lithium when line current is smaller
Pond (3.6V) is that chip and circuit are powered.
Voltage acquisition uses electric-field sensor, and work mainly utilizes electrostatic induction principle, the major part of sensor by
Upper and lower two external conductive casings are constituted, and pass through an inductance capacitance connection, when sensor external is without electric field, sensing among two shells
The positive and negative charge of device balances, and is in electroneutral, and as extra electric field E, under the action of electric field, how the positive negative electricity of sensor divides again
Cloth, negative electrical charge move up, and positive charge moves down, and the both ends capacitor CSENSE is made to generate electrification pressure USENSE.By electric-field sensor we
It can be by acquiring curent change, and assist using voltage of electric field come more accurate judgement ground fault, overhead type instruction
The tension disc (electric-field sensor) of device is close to conducting wire, and to improve the sensitivity of electric field detection, cable-type indicator draws electric field line,
It is close at end, to improve the sensitivity of electric field detection.
Enter AD sample port after electric field collection voltages input fault collector after clipping and voltage conditioning circuit, is
Controller provides voltage reference value, and cooperation current signal is applied to breakdown judge.Power module is voluntarily taken using current collector
Electricity and the power supply of standby lithium Asia battery, collector carries out taking electricity [5A (minimum by the induction coil on aerial cable under normal circumstances
Take electric current) collector can be met take electric requirement], under normal circumstances using the electricity got as main power source, while detecting and taking
Piezoelectric voltage and backup power supply supply voltage reduce by real-time detection switching at runtime power supply mode and improve battery using backup power source
Use the time.Collector uses LORA wireless communication chips, and collector and manifold bidirectional data exchange pass through short-range radio frequency
The collected data of collector are actively regularly reported (periodic time can freely be set) by wireless chip, radio frequency chip
Power switch is controllable, waits open and close when needed, reduces the power consumption of acquisition system, guarantees that fault detector can be ultralow
The transmission of data is completed in the case where power consumption.Indicator light is distributed in collector bottom at 120 ° using highlighted LED light emitting diode
Plate guarantees in line failure indicator light and turns over to see indicating fault and alarm within the scope of 360 degree.
Fault acquisition device judged mainly for short trouble and the two different fault types of ground fault, first
For short trouble, the working principle requirement of the short-circuit detecting part of indicator: feature when according to short circuit passes through electromagnetic induction
Whether current break (or actual short size of current), trouble duration and route in method measurement route have a power failure
Judge failure.
Detection module principle uses the single-phase earthing algorithm based on first half sine-wave impulse current, and small grounding current system occurs single
When being mutually grounded, there are two feature, one is greatly lowered for Earth Phase line-to-earth voltage, and non-faulting phase line voltage-to-ground liter
Height, ground fault be mostly due to insulate in power grid it is breakdown caused by, typically occur in phase voltage close to maximum value
Transient state capacitance current can be regarded as discharge capacity electric current caused by reducing suddenly due to faulted phase voltage at this time by moment
With increased suddenly due to non-faulting phase voltage caused by the sum of charging capacitor electric current, the transient state component of earthing capacitance current is compared with it
There are many steady-state value National People's Congress, thus obtain the waveform according to first half sine-wave impulse current to determine whether ground fault occurs.For small
Current grounding system, using the inspection of load current and first half-wave earth current size, line-to-earth voltage down ratio and delay
Survey method.The parameters such as landing operation electric current, voltage-to-ground down ratio and duration have been set before factory.Work as instruction
When tripping or malfunction occurs in device, has and fault detector is controlled by main website to realize on-line control, it is ensured that indicator motion is quasi-
True property.Earthed system is hindered for low current, can be used load current and quick-break overcurrent size, fault current duration and
The detection method whether route has a power failure, in combination with the earth-fault detecting method of small current neutral grounding system.The ginseng such as quick-break, overcurrent
Number has been set before factory.When tripping or malfunction occurs in indicator, has and fault detector is controlled come real by main website
Existing on-line control, it is ensured that indicator motion accuracy.
Finally it should be noted that: the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical scheme of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof；To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments for pipe, it should be understood by those ordinary skilled in the art that: still
It can modify to a specific embodiment of the invention or some technical features can be equivalently replaced；Without departing from this hair
The spirit of bright technical solution should all cover within the scope of the technical scheme claimed by the invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of explosion-proof type intelligent trouble indicator, it is characterised in that: including fault acquisition device, collect unit and main website；
The fault acquisition device includes current acquisition module, backup power source, power conversion module, battery voltage sampling and control mould
Block, electric field sampling module, radio-frequency module and power supply control, programming interface, protection, driving, low power consumption control device, indicator light board turning
With reset control module and driving circuit；
The unit that collects includes sun-generated electric power and backup power supply module, radio communication, GPRS communication, encryption, external clock
Unit, backup power source activation control module and external storage functional module；
Essence can be realized to phase fault, ground fault, transient fault and the permanent fault in distribution line failure
Quasi- judgement, and failure logging is accurately uploaded to distribution main website, failure precise positioning is analyzed, while when failure occurs
It carves front and back current waveform and voltage of electric field waveform upload main website for accident analysis, inverting and traces to the source over the ground.
2. a kind of explosion-proof type intelligent trouble indicator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: current acquisition module uses
Current collector be closed magnetic circuit, current acquisition is acquired on aerial cable by the current collector that is suspended on aerial cable
Electric current, electricity is then sampled and taken to current signal by current regulating circuit, and it is protected and limited accordingly
Width, current signal enter main control chip through A D interface sampling, and the current value as current line carries out calculating judgement, and another way
Level conversion, which is carried out, by capacitance voltage stabilizing and power supply chip provides 5V and 3.3V for control chip, communication chip and each analog circuit
Power supply.
3. a kind of explosion-proof type intelligent trouble indicator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Indicator light board turning is distributed in collector bottom plate at 120 °, is guaranteed in line failure using highlighted LED light emitting diode
When indicator light and turn over and can see indicating fault and alarm within the scope of 360 degree.
4. a kind of explosion-proof type intelligent trouble indicator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: backup power source activation control
Module is mutated by overcurrent, voltage of electric field and the secondary relay protection system of combination actual electric network detect line outage and coincidence
Lock process to failure is precisely detected and is judged, and electric field data is acquired in real time to current waveform and over the ground.
5. a kind of explosion-proof type intelligent trouble indicator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the sun-generated electric power and
Backup power supply module includes solar panel and battery, wherein using solar panel as main power source, battery conduct
Backup power source.
6. a kind of explosion-proof type intelligent trouble indicator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the radio-frequency module uses
LORA wireless communication chips.
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| CN112485580A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-03-12 | 国网山东省电力公司冠县供电公司 | Power supply line fault positioning system and method |
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