CN109402325A - A kind of vaccum sensitive stove removes the control method of pernicious gas in steel - Google Patents
A kind of vaccum sensitive stove removes the control method of pernicious gas in steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN109402325A CN109402325A CN201811412622.XA CN201811412622A CN109402325A CN 109402325 A CN109402325 A CN 109402325A CN 201811412622 A CN201811412622 A CN 201811412622A CN 109402325 A CN109402325 A CN 109402325A
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- molten steel
- steel
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- fine melt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5241—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an inductively heated furnace
Abstract
The present invention discloses the control method of pernicious gas in a kind of vaccum sensitive stove removal steel, it is therefore an objective to reach the content for reducing pernicious gas in steel by Special controlling method, make gas oxygen in steel, nitrogen content no more than 8 × 10‑6.Using technical measures: 1. vaccum sensitive stove fusion process is smelted using vacuum fusion, and molten steel is made to achieve the purpose that degassing；2. refining period process molten steel is cooled to molten steel face by the power failure in period and crusts, in high vacuum conditions, vacuum degree is not more than 3Pa, and by crusting, cooling escapes the gas in molten steel from molten steel；Then to electricity heating, by the endless form of induction stirring, molten steel depth degasification process is completed；Gas oxygen, nitrogen content in molten steel can be effectively set to reach no more than 8 × 10‑6Level.Advantageous effect of the invention: the present invention effectively makes gas in steel be reduced to minimum, not only can significantly promote the degree of purity of molten steel, but also the fatigue behaviour and service life of material can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of effective controlling parties of harmful (oxygen, nitrogen) gas in vacuum induction furnace smelting process removal steel
Method.
Background technique
Vacuum induction furnace smelting be heated, melted under condition of negative pressure, being refined, the smelting side of alloying and casting
Method.Since whole metallurgical processes are carried out under conditions of with isolated from atmosphere, pollution of the atmosphere to molten steel is avoided.
Molten steel refines under vacuum, can improve significantly its purity and can accurately control the chemical component of steel.In vaccum sensitive stove
It smelts, oxygen, nitrogen partial pressure are very low in molten steel, and the gas being dissolved in molten steel can be escaped from molten steel and is extracted outside furnace, therefore
Significantly reduce gas content in steel.The gas content of vaccum sensitive stove, electric furnace production 300M steel, comparing result are listed in table 1
As can be seen that the gas content in vacuum induction furnace smelting steel is minimum.
The different smelting process production 300M steel gas contents of table 1/× 10-6
| Smelting process | O | N |
| Furnace charge | 34~80 | 46~100 |
| Electric furnace+external refining | 17~25 | 22~60 |
| Vaccum sensitive stove | 10~20 | 20~40 |
The key of vacuum induction melting is (oxygen, nitrogen) gas, and in actual production, furnace charge major part gas is to melt
Phase removal；When melting stage starts, molten bath is very shallow, new metal bath surface constantly it is exposed under vacuum, be very beneficial for gas
Exclude, thus the major function of melting stage in addition to make it is load melting other than, another is exactly to remove gas.Vacuum induction smelts refining
The major function of phase is to improve the degree of purity of molten steel, is created conditions for oxidizable element and micro beneficial element is added；Refining period
Emphasis operation is: reduction [O], [N], the micro objectionable impurities of removal, the chemical component for adjusting steel etc., and creates necessity for alloying
Condition.
As the fields such as China's Aeronautics and Astronautics, high-speed rail keep updating material requested, the antifatigue, long-life at
Higher and higher to the degree of purity requirement of raw material bar for its focus of attention, quality level originally can far from expire
Foreign technology standard requirements (being shown in Table 2) has much been not achieved in gas in sufficient requirement, especially steel, it would be highly desirable to which needs pass through
Special controlling method is taken in vaccum sensitive stove, the pernicious gas in steel is removed, molten steel cleanliness is made to be greatly enhanced.
The external new material demand standard of table 2
The external high-quality special steel of aerospace is all made of the production of vacuum induction+vacuum consumable remelting smelting process.
Summary of the invention
The present invention discloses the control method of pernicious gas in a kind of vaccum sensitive stove removal steel, it is therefore an objective to pass through Special controlling
Method reaches the content for reducing pernicious gas in steel, makes gas oxygen in steel, nitrogen content no more than 8 × 10-6。
Specific technical solution
(1) ingredient: before vacuum induction melting, using corresponding smart steel (pure iron), various alloy materials and metal charge according to
Steel grade chemical component requires to carry out ingredient (additional amount for calculating every kind of raw material).
(2) melting stage: all raw material is successively added in crucible in a certain order, is given electricity heating fusing, is melted function
Rate is 800kW, and fusing time 12h, vacuum degree is 10Pa~30Pa, and raw material removes portion gas in fusing in fusion process.
(3) refining period: refining period is stirred degassing to molten steel by using higher refining temperature and vacuum degree, refining
Temperature: 1540 DEG C~1580 DEG C, vacuum degree be not more than 3Pa；In order to further decrease gas content in steel, taken in refining process
The endless form for being cooled to liquid level crust to molten steel, keeping certain time, heating, stirring: have a power failure crust, power 0kW；It keeps
20min~30min；It heats up to electricity, power 1100kW, stirring 15min~30min complete molten steel depth degasification process, make molten steel
In gas oxygen, nitrogen content be not more than 8 × 10-6。
(4) alloying: molten steel requires after refining period according to chemical component, is adjusted according to sampling analysis result in furnace
Material, in the range of making each constituent content reach technical standard order.
(5) be poured: after chemical component meets technical requirements, temperature, which reaches prescribed requirement, to be poured.
Innovative point of the present invention:
Vaccum sensitive stove fusion process using vacuum fusion smelt, vacuum degree be 10Pa~30Pa, power 800kW,
This process mainly utilizes electromagnetic induction to heat furnace charge, so that molten steel is deaerated by kelvin effect.
(2) refining period process molten steel is cooled to molten steel face crust by the power failure in period, keeps 20min~30min, due to
Gas in molten steel changes with molten steel temperature, different solubility, and in high vacuum conditions, vacuum degree is not more than 3Pa, passes through knot
Shell cooling escapes the gas in molten steel from molten steel；Then electricity heating, power 1100kW, refining temperature 1540 DEG C~1580 are given
DEG C, by induction stirring endless form, complete molten steel depth degasification process, so that gas oxygen, nitrogen in molten steel is contained
Amount reaches no more than 8 × 10-6Level.
Advantageous effect of the invention:
The present invention effectively makes gas in steel be reduced to minimum, not only can significantly promote the degree of purity of molten steel, and
And the fatigue behaviour and service life of material can be improved.
Specific embodiment
Example 1
(1) ingredient
The chemical component required according to technical standard carries out ingredient, the gas that raw material are brought into using smart steel and metal charge
Content is shown in Table 3.
3 gas content of table
(2) melting stage
Furnace charge gives electricity heating after being packed into crucible, using small-power material to fine melt fine melt gas content in fusion process
It is shown in Table 4.
4 fine melt gas content of table
| Heat (batch) number | Power (kw) | Fine melt temperature (DEG C) | O(×10-6) | N(×10-6) |
| 17240230143 | 800 | 1505 | 22 | 42 |
| 17240230144 | 800 | 1500 | 26 | 36 |
| 17240230145 | 800 | 1495 | 23 | 33 |
(3) refining period
It improves bath temperature in refining period and takes and liquid level crust, holding certain time, heating, stirring are cooled to molten steel
Endless form, complete the degassing of molten steel depth, final gas content is shown in Table 5.
Table 5 refining period gas content
(4) alloying and casting
It according to the chemical composition ranges that A-100 steel technical standard requires, is accurately calculated, is adjusted in conjunction with on-the-spot sample analysis result
Furnace is turned over after whole chemical component and pours injecting electrode, and finished product gas content is shown in Table 6.
Table 6 refining period gas content
| Heat (batch) number | Pouring temperature (DEG C) | O(×10-6) | N(×10-6) |
| 17240230143 | 1568 | 7 | 8 |
| 17240230144 | 1570 | 6 | 7 |
| 17240230145 | 1565 | 7 | 7 |
Example 2
(1) the chemical component required according to technical standard carries out ingredient, the gas that raw material are brought into using smart steel and metal charge
Body content is shown in Table 7.
7 gas content of table
| Steel grade | Heat (batch) number | Charge weight (kg) | O(×10-6) | N(×10-6) |
| CH-1 | 17240180162 | 135 | 96 | 126 |
| CH-2 | 17240180164 | 135 | 85 | 118 |
| CH-3 | 17240180166 | 135 | 90 | 120 |
(2) melting stage
Furnace charge gives electricity heating after being packed into crucible, using small-power material to fine melt fine melt gas content in fusion process
It is shown in Table 8.
8 fine melt gas content of table
| Heat (batch) number | Power (kw) | Fine melt temperature (DEG C) | O(×10-6) | N(×10-6) |
| 17240180162 | 800 | 1510 | 38 | 68 |
| 17240180164 | 800 | 1505 | 30 | 55 |
| 17240180166 | 800 | 1512 | 36 | 60 |
(3) refining period
It improves bath temperature in refining period and takes and liquid level crust, holding certain time, heating, stirring are cooled to molten steel
Endless form, complete the degassing of molten steel depth, final gas content is shown in Table 9.
Table 9 refining period gas content
(4) alloying and casting
According to the chemical composition ranges that CH-1, CH-2, CH-3 steel technical standard require, essence is carried out in conjunction with on-the-spot sample analysis result
It really calculates, turns over furnace after adjustment chemical component and pour injecting electrode, finished product gas content is shown in Table 10.
Table 10 refining period gas content
| Heat (batch) number | Pouring temperature (DEG C) | O(×10-6) | N(×10-6) |
| 17240180162 | 1568 | 8 | 7 |
| 17240180164 | 1565 | 7 | 7 |
| 17240180166 | 1570 | 7 | 7 |
Example 3
(1) the chemical component required according to technical standard carries out ingredient, the gas that raw material are brought into using smart steel and metal charge
Body content is shown in Table 11.
11 gas content of table
(2) melting stage
Furnace charge gives electricity heating after being packed into crucible, using small-power material to fine melt fine melt gas content in fusion process
It is shown in Table 12.
12 fine melt gas content of table
| Heat (batch) number | Power (kw) | Fine melt temperature (DEG C) | O(×10-6) | N(×10-6) |
| 18240170164 | 500 | 1489 | 32 | 56 |
| 18240170165 | 500 | 1501 | 29 | 49 |
(3) refining period
It improves bath temperature in refining period and takes and liquid level crust, holding certain time, heating, stirring are cooled to molten steel
Endless form, complete the degassing of molten steel depth, final gas content is shown in Table 13.
Table 13 refining period gas content
(5) alloying and casting
According to the chemical composition ranges that M50NiL steel technical standard requires, accurately calculated in conjunction with on-the-spot sample analysis result,
Furnace is turned over after adjustment chemical component and pours injecting electrode, and finished product gas content is shown in Table 14.
Table 14 refining period gas content
| Heat (batch) number | Pouring temperature (DEG C) | O(×10-6) | N(×10-6) |
| 18240170164 | 1573 | 5 | 7 |
| 18240170165 | 1569 | 8 | 5 |
Claims (4)
1. the control method of pernicious gas in a kind of vaccum sensitive stove removal steel, it is characterised in that: vaccum sensitive stove melting stage benefit
Furnace charge is heated with electromagnetic induction, so that molten steel is deaerated by kelvin effect；Refining period molten steel is cooled to steel by the power failure in period
Liquid level crust completes molten steel depth degasification process then to electricity heating, by the endless form of induction stirring；
The melting stage gives electricity heating fusing, and fusing power is 800kW, and fusing time 12h, vacuum degree is 10Pa~30Pa, is melted
Raw material removes portion gas in fusing during change；
The refining period is stirred degassing to molten steel by using higher refining temperature and vacuum degree, refining temperature: 1540
DEG C~1580 DEG C, vacuum degree be not more than 3Pa；In order to further decrease gas content in steel, is taken in refining process and molten steel is dropped
Temperature to liquid level crust, keep certain time, heating, stirring endless form: have a power failure crust, power 0kW；Holding 20min~
30min；It heats up to electricity, power 1100kW, stirring 15min~30min complete molten steel depth degasification process.
2. a kind of vaccum sensitive stove removes the control method of pernicious gas in steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The melting stage gives electricity heating, is shown in Table 1 using small-power material to fine melt fine melt gas content in fusion process.
1 fine melt gas content of table
Refining period improves bath temperature and takes and is cooled to liquid level crust to molten steel, keeps certain time, heating, stirring
Endless form, completes the degassing of molten steel depth, and final gas content is shown in Table 2.
Table 2 refining period gas content
3. a kind of vaccum sensitive stove removes the control method of pernicious gas in steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The melting stage gives electricity heating, is shown in Table 3 using small-power material to fine melt fine melt gas content in fusion process.
3 fine melt gas content of table
Refining period improves bath temperature and takes and is cooled to liquid level crust to molten steel, keeps certain time, heating, stirring
Endless form, completes the degassing of molten steel depth, and final gas content is shown in Table 4.
Table 4 refining period gas content
4. a kind of vaccum sensitive stove removes the control method of pernicious gas in steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The melting stage gives electricity heating, is shown in Table 5 using small-power material to fine melt fine melt gas content in fusion process.
5 fine melt gas content of table
Refining period improves bath temperature and takes and is cooled to liquid level crust to molten steel, keeps certain time, heating, stirring
Endless form, completes the degassing of molten steel depth, and final gas content is shown in Table 6.
Table 6 refining period gas content
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1514033A (en) * | 2002-12-31 | 2004-07-21 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Vacuum induction smelting method of ultrapure ferrite stainless steel |
| US20090291013A1 (en) * | 2008-05-20 | 2009-11-26 | Fedchun Vladimir A | Method of designing a low cost, high strength, high toughness, martensitic steel and an article made thereof |
| CN105344949A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-24 | 华南理工大学 | New steel smelting-die casting technology |
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- 2018-11-26 CN CN201811412622.XA patent/CN109402325A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1514033A (en) * | 2002-12-31 | 2004-07-21 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Vacuum induction smelting method of ultrapure ferrite stainless steel |
| US20090291013A1 (en) * | 2008-05-20 | 2009-11-26 | Fedchun Vladimir A | Method of designing a low cost, high strength, high toughness, martensitic steel and an article made thereof |
| CN105344949A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-24 | 华南理工大学 | New steel smelting-die casting technology |
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Application publication date: 20190301 |