CN109399670B - Method for producing sodium chloride by reverse flotation of tailings - Google Patents
Method for producing sodium chloride by reverse flotation of tailings Download PDFInfo
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- CN109399670B CN109399670B CN201811567269.2A CN201811567269A CN109399670B CN 109399670 B CN109399670 B CN 109399670B CN 201811567269 A CN201811567269 A CN 201811567269A CN 109399670 B CN109399670 B CN 109399670B
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- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- PALNZFJYSCMLBK-UHFFFAOYSA-K magnesium;potassium;trichloride;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[K+] PALNZFJYSCMLBK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 5
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001578 chloride mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005695 dehalogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D3/00—Halides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D3/04—Chlorides
- C01D3/06—Preparation by working up brines; seawater or spent lyes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D3/00—Halides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D3/14—Purification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing sodium chloride by reverse flotation tailings, which comprises the following steps: step one, conveying reverse flotation tailing slurry to a thickener, and carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reverse flotation tailing slurry by the thickener to obtain primary concentrated underflow; step two, washing the primary concentrated underflow, and adding water or saturated salt water to obtain washing slurry; step three, filtering the washing slurry to obtain a filter cake and a filter filtrate; and step four, detecting the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the filter cake, if the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the filter cake is less than 98.5%, washing the filter cake again, repeating the step two and the step three until the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the filter cake is more than or equal to 98.5%, and drying the filter cake to obtain the industrial-grade sodium chloride. The invention adopts a production process route of concentration, washing, potassium dissolving and filtration to obtain two finished products of potassium-containing filtration filtrate and industrial-grade sodium chloride, the potassium chloride loss is less, the purity of the sodium chloride product is high, and the utilization rate of salt lake brine resources can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of resource recycling, in particular to a method for producing sodium chloride by reverse flotation tailings.
Background
The Qinghai is a great province of resources, various natural resources are provided, wherein a representative resource is a salt lake resource, the salt lake resource mainly comprises a deposition resource and a brine resource, the salt lake brine belongs to a liquid chloride mineral resource and is rich in various components, the salt lake brine utilizes carnallite with rich content to process and prepare potassium chloride to produce a potassium fertilizer, the potassium fertilizer is one of three chemical fertilizers of nitrogen and phosphorus and potassium, the potassium element has obvious effect on regulating the life process in a plant body, the absorption condition of water in the plant body and the synthesis and transfer of saccharides are favorably improved, and the yield and the quality of crops can be effectively improved by using the potassium fertilizer.
The processes for producing the potash fertilizer by utilizing the carnallite in the salt lake brine are various, and the reverse flotation-cold crystallization process is an advanced process in large-scale production. Carnallite is a complex salt which can stably exist in a large temperature range (-21 ℃ -167.65 ℃), the carnallite comprises pure carnallite and a certain amount of sodium chloride, when the potash fertilizer is produced, a flotation reagent is added into a saturated flotation medium of the carnallite, the hydrophobicity of the surface of the sodium chloride is selectively increased without increasing the hydrophobicity of the carnallite, the sodium chloride is separated out along with foam, the carnallite is left in ore pulp, after dehalogenation, the carnallite is high-grade low-sodium carnallite is obtained, the low-sodium carnallite enters a crystallizer, water is added for decomposition and crystallization, the decomposition condition is controlled, the potassium chloride in the solution is supersaturated, the supersaturation degree of a carnallite decomposition system is utilized to grow potassium chloride crystal particles at normal temperature, and the finished product potassium chloride is prepared through the procedures of filtration, washing and the like.
However, the reverse flotation-cold crystallization process can discharge a large amount of solid waste tailings and flotation foams while producing high-quality potash fertilizers, and the total amount of tailings discharged per year is increased along with the increase of the yield of the potash fertilizers. The conventional treatment method is to mix reverse flotation tailings and flotation froth into tailings slurry and then convey the tailings slurry to a waste salt pond for heap filtration, but the reverse flotation tailings mainly contain potassium chloride, sodium chloride, a small amount of magnesium chloride and the like, wherein the potassium chloride content is 2% -5%, the sodium chloride content is 60% -90%, the reverse flotation tailings slurry is used as waste salt for heap filtration, a large amount of materials are wasted, the waste salt pond with limited capacity is difficult to contain the continuously increased reverse flotation tailings slurry, the environment is polluted, the pressure on environmental protection is high, and huge funds need to be consumed for cleaning the waste salt after the heap filtration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for producing sodium chloride by reverse flotation tailings, which is used for solving the problems of material waste and environmental pollution caused by direct pile filtration of the existing reverse flotation tailings.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for producing sodium chloride by reverse flotation tailings comprises the following steps:
firstly, conveying reverse flotation tailing slurry with the potassium chloride mass fraction of 2-4% to a thickener, and carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reverse flotation tailing slurry by the thickener to obtain primary concentrated underflow with the solid content of 30-40%;
washing the primary concentrated underflow, and adding water which accounts for 30-100% of the mass of the solid phase in the reverse flotation tailing slurry or saturated salt water which accounts for 46-150% of the mass of the solid phase in the reverse flotation tailing slurry to obtain washing slurry, wherein the mass fraction of the solid phase in the washing slurry is 20-40%;
filtering the washing slurry to obtain a filter cake with the water content of 5-15% and a filter filtrate;
step four, detecting the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the filter cake, if the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the filter cake is less than 98.5%, washing the filter cake again, repeating the step two and the step three until the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the filter cake is more than or equal to 98.5%, and drying the filter cake to obtain the industrial-grade sodium chloride.
Preferably, when the thickener is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reverse flotation tailing slurry, flotation foam is obtained, the mass fraction of potassium chloride in the flotation foam is 0-1.2%, and the flotation foam is dissolved into saturated brine and used for washing the primary concentrated underflow.
Preferably, the flotation foam is conveyed to a waste salt pond for heap filtration after size mixing.
Preferably, when the thickener is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reverse flotation tailing slurry, a tail salt solution with the potassium chloride mass fraction being more than or equal to 2.5% is obtained, and the tail salt solution is conveyed to a salt pan for sun drying.
Preferably, the second step further comprises: and conveying the primary concentrated underflow to a cyclone, thickening the primary concentrated underflow by the cyclone to obtain a secondary concentrated underflow with the solid content of 45-55%, and washing the secondary concentrated underflow.
Preferably, the third step further comprises: and during filtering, leaching and replacing the filter cake with water.
Preferably, during rinsing displacement, the mass ratio of the water to the filter cake is 1: 10-25.
Preferably, the filtration is a filtration separation by a belt filter.
Preferably, the fourth step further comprises: detecting the mass fraction of potassium chloride in the filtered filtrate, and if the mass fraction of potassium chloride in the filtered filtrate is more than or equal to 2.5%, conveying the filtered filtrate to a salt pan for sun-curing.
Preferably, if the mass fraction of potassium chloride in the filter filtrate is less than 2.5%, the filter filtrate is recycled for washing.
Compared with the prior art, the method for producing sodium chloride by reverse flotation tailings provided by the invention has the following advantages:
the invention adopts a production process route of concentration, washing, potassium dissolving and filtration to obtain two finished products of potassium-containing filtration filtrate and industrial-grade sodium chloride, has less potassium chloride loss and high purity of sodium chloride products, can effectively improve the utilization rate of salt lake brine resources, reduces the material waste of potassium chloride and sodium chloride, achieves the aim of recycling the resources and improves the economic benefit.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for producing sodium chloride from reverse flotation tailings in a preferred embodiment;
fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of a method for producing sodium chloride from reverse flotation tailings in another preferred embodiment provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention provides many applicable inventive concepts that can be embodied in a wide variety of specific contexts. The specific examples described in the following embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description of embodiments.
The invention provides a method for producing sodium chloride by reverse flotation tailings, which is used for recycling reverse flotation tailing slurry obtained by a reverse flotation-cold crystallization process in potash fertilizer production, and is used for producing industrial-grade sodium chloride and subsequently producing potassium chloride.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for producing sodium chloride from reverse flotation tailings in a preferred embodiment of the invention. The method for producing sodium chloride from reverse flotation tailings comprises the following steps:
firstly, conveying reverse flotation tailing slurry with the potassium chloride mass fraction of 2-4% to a thickener, and carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reverse flotation tailing slurry by the thickener to obtain primary concentrated underflow with the solid content of 30-40%;
washing the primary concentrated underflow, and adding water which accounts for 30-100% of the mass of the solid phase in the reverse flotation tailing slurry or saturated salt water which accounts for 46-150% of the mass of the solid phase in the reverse flotation tailing slurry to obtain washing slurry, wherein the mass fraction of the solid phase in the washing slurry is 20-40%; in the embodiment, water which is equivalent to 30-100% of the mass of the solid phase in the reverse flotation tailing slurry is added during washing;
filtering the washing slurry to obtain a filter cake with the water content of 5-15% and a filter filtrate;
step four, detecting the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the filter cake, if the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the filter cake is less than 98.5%, washing the filter cake again, repeating the step two and the step three until the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the filter cake is more than or equal to 98.5%, and drying the filter cake to obtain the industrial-grade sodium chloride.
The invention adopts a production process route of concentration, washing, potassium dissolving and filtration to obtain two finished products of potassium-containing filtration filtrate and industrial-grade sodium chloride, the potassium chloride loss is less, the purity of the sodium chloride product is high, and the utilization rate of salt lake brine resources can be effectively improved.
As shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of a method for producing sodium chloride from reverse flotation tailings in another preferred embodiment provided by the invention.
The method for producing sodium chloride from reverse flotation tailings comprises the following steps:
step one, conveying reverse flotation tailing slurry with the potassium chloride mass fraction of 2-4% to a thickener, carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reverse flotation tailing slurry by the thickener, and settling for 5-20 minutes to obtain primary concentrated underflow with the solid content of 30-40%, flotation foam with the potassium chloride mass fraction of 0-1.2% and tailing salt solution with the potassium chloride mass fraction of more than or equal to 2.5%.
The reverse flotation tailing slurry mainly contains potassium chloride and sodium chloride, wherein the potassium chloride content is 2-4 percent, the sodium chloride content is 60-90 percent, the thickener separates solid and liquid by utilizing the gravity sedimentation of solid phase particles in the reverse flotation tailing slurry to obtain tail salt liquid without the solid phase particles, flotation foam containing partial solid phase particles and concentrated underflow containing partial solid phase particles, concretely, the solid phase particles in the reverse flotation tailing slurry gradually and freely settle towards the bottom of the thickener under the action of self gravity to realize solid-liquid separation, the tail salt liquid without the solid phase particles floats on the upper part of the thickener, the flotation foam containing partial solid phase particles floats on the upper part of the thickener, the concentrated underflow containing partial solid phase particles downwards deposits and automatically flows out of the thickener through a pipeline, the bottom of the thickener is provided with a underflow pump, the underflow pump controls the flow and rate of the concentrated underflow to adjust the solids content of the concentrated underflow. The reverse flotation tailing slurry is concentrated by the thickener, so that the subsequent treatment capacity is small, and the generation of waste liquid is reduced.
The solid content in the concentrated underflow is 30-40%, if the solid content is too low, the concentrated volume is still very large, so that the washing capacity is large, the processing capacity of a filter needs to be increased, and the selection of equipment is increased; if the solid content is too high, the model selection of the thickener is increased, and the control difficulty is increased.
Preferably, the flotation foam is conveyed to a waste salt pond for heap filtration after size mixing, compared with the way that reverse flotation tailing slurry is directly conveyed to the waste salt pond for heap filtration, the volume of the flotation foam after concentration is small, and the heap filtration amount of the waste salt pond is reduced. Of course, the flotation froth is dissolved into saturated brine and can be used to wash the primary concentrate underflow.
Preferably, the tail salt solution is conveyed to a salt pan for sun-curing, and sylvite or carnallite is obtained after sun-curing and can be used for the subsequent production of potassium chloride.
Step two, conveying the primary concentrated bottom flow to a cyclone, and thickening the primary concentrated bottom flow by the cyclone to obtain a secondary concentrated bottom flow with solid content of 45-55%; the concentration of the concentrated underflow is further improved by the cyclone, so that more reverse flotation tailing slurry can be conveniently treated;
and conveying the secondary concentrated underflow to a primary washing tank for primary washing, adding water which accounts for 30-100% of the mass of the solid phase in the reverse flotation tailing slurry or saturated salt water which accounts for 46-150% of the mass of the solid phase in the reverse flotation tailing slurry for washing for 5-10 minutes to obtain primary washing slurry, wherein the mass fraction of the solid phase in the primary washing slurry is 20-40%.
And the mass of the solid phase in the reverse flotation tailing slurry is a numerical value determined in advance, the reverse flotation tailing slurry is filtered, the solid phase and the liquid phase are separated, and the mass of the solid phase is divided by the mass of the reverse flotation tailing slurry, so that the mass of the solid phase is the mass of the solid phase. During normal production, the solid phase quality in the discharged reverse flotation tailing slurry is stable, and the fluctuation is small.
In the embodiment, saturated brine which is 46-150% of the mass of the solid phase in the reverse flotation tailing slurry is added during washing, the saturated brine is preferably liquid in which flotation froth is dissolved, solid phase particles in the flotation froth are further extracted, and the utilization rate is improved.
The mass fraction of the solid phase in the primary washing slurry is 20-40%, if the mass fraction of the solid phase is too low, a filter cake on a filtering surface is not uniform during filtering, vacuum leakage occurs, the processing capacity of a single device is relatively reduced, and the primary washing slurry is not economical; if the mass fraction of the solid phase is too high, the filter cake on the filtering surface is too thick during filtering, the processing capacity of a single device cannot be kept up with, and the poor solid phase fluidity can also cause uneven distribution on the surface of the filter cloth, which is not favorable for normal operation of the device and process control.
The purpose of the washing is: the concentration underflow discharged from the thickener is in a saturated state and can not dissolve any solute any more, but the solid phase in the concentration underflow still contains potassium chloride particles, so that the concentration underflow in the saturated state is changed into an unsaturated state through the washing of the washing tank, the potassium chloride in the solid phase of the concentration underflow is dissolved into the liquid phase, and the potassium chloride in the solid phase is further reduced so as to obtain sodium chloride with higher purity.
And step three, conveying the primary washing slurry to a primary filter for primary filtration to obtain a primary filter cake with the water content of 5-15% and a primary filter filtrate, and leaching and replacing the primary filter cake with water during filtration, wherein the mass ratio of the water to the primary filter cake is 1: 10-25.
The filtration is preferably carried out by a belt filter, the separation efficiency of the belt filter is high, the solid phase particles can be recycled as much as possible, and the recovery rate is improved. The leaching is to leach the surface of a filter cake of the filter, and to replace the mother liquor mixed with the filter cake with water, that is, the filter cake originally contains a filter cake solid phase and a mother liquor liquid phase, but only the filter cake solid phase and the water are left after leaching, thereby further improving the recovery rate.
The water content of the first-stage filter cake is 5-15%, and if the water content is too low, the filtering energy consumption is increased, so that the method is uneconomical; if the water content is too low, the useful key components in the liquid phase taken away by the filter cake are too much, and the material waste is caused.
Step four, detecting the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the first-stage filter cake, wherein the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the first-stage filter cake is less than 98.5% through detection, so that the second washing-filtering is carried out;
and simultaneously detecting the mass fraction of potassium chloride in the first section of filter filtrate, wherein the mass fraction of potassium chloride in the first section of filter filtrate is more than or equal to 2.5%, and the first section of filter filtrate is conveyed to a salt pan for sun-curing in order to meet the potassium-containing brine required by sun-curing in the salt pan, and the sun-curing process comprises the following steps: the carnallite is prepared by naturally evaporating, crystallizing and drying the first-stage filter filtrate, so that the potassium chloride is recycled.
Conveying the primary filter cake to a secondary washing tank for secondary washing, adding water which is 30-100% of the mass of a solid phase in the reverse flotation tailing slurry or saturated salt water which is 46-150% of the mass of the solid phase in the reverse flotation tailing slurry for washing for 5-10 minutes to obtain secondary washing slurry, wherein the mass fraction of the solid phase in the secondary washing slurry is 20-40%;
and sixthly, conveying the secondary washing slurry to a second-stage filter for secondary filtration to obtain a second-stage filtration filter cake with the water content of 5-15% and second-stage filtration filtrate, and leaching and replacing the second-stage filtration filter cake with water during filtration, wherein the mass ratio of the water to the second-stage filtration filter cake is 1: 10-25.
And seventhly, detecting the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the second-stage filtration filter cake, wherein the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the second-stage filtration filter cake is not less than 98.5% through detection, and drying the second-stage filtration filter cake to obtain the industrial-grade sodium chloride.
The drying is drying, natural filtering and airing, or other drying modes.
The dry-based components of the sodium chloride meet the first-grade solar salt requirement of the physical and chemical indexes of industrial salt in the national standard GB/T5462-2015 of the table 1.
TABLE 1 physical and chemical indexes of industrial salt
Detecting the mass fraction of potassium chloride in the second-stage filter filtrate, and if the mass fraction of potassium chloride in the second-stage filter filtrate is more than or equal to 2.5%, and the second-stage filter filtrate is potassium-containing brine meeting the salt pan sun-curing requirement, conveying the second-stage filter filtrate to a salt pan for sun-curing; and if the mass fraction of the potassium chloride in the second-stage filtering filtrate is less than 2.5%, the second-stage filtering filtrate cannot be conveyed to a salt pan for sun-curing and is circulated to the secondary washing tank for washing. In the embodiment, the mass fraction of potassium chloride in the secondary filtering filtrate is less than 2.5%, and the secondary filtering filtrate is recycled to the secondary washing tank for washing.
According to the method for producing sodium chloride by reverse flotation tailings provided by the invention, the recovery rate of potassium chloride is 85%, the recovery rate of sodium chloride is 75%, the loss of potassium chloride is less, the purity of sodium chloride products is high, and the utilization rates of potassium chloride and sodium chloride resources in a salt lake can be effectively improved.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim.
Claims (8)
1. A method for producing sodium chloride by reverse flotation tailings comprises the following steps:
firstly, conveying reverse flotation tailing slurry with the potassium chloride mass fraction of 2-4% to a thickener, and carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reverse flotation tailing slurry by the thickener to obtain primary concentrated underflow with the solid content of 30-40%;
washing the primary concentrated underflow, and adding water which accounts for 30-100% of the mass of the solid phase in the reverse flotation tailing slurry or saturated salt water which accounts for 46-150% of the mass of the solid phase in the reverse flotation tailing slurry to obtain washing slurry, wherein the mass fraction of the solid phase in the washing slurry is 20-40%;
filtering the washing slurry to obtain a filter cake with the water content of 5-15% and a filter filtrate; during filtering, leaching and replacing the filter cake with water, wherein the mass ratio of the water to the filter cake is 1: 10-25 during leaching and replacing;
step four, detecting the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the filter cake, if the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the filter cake is less than 98.5%, washing the filter cake again, repeating the step two and the step three until the mass fraction of the sodium chloride in the filter cake is more than or equal to 98.5%, and drying the filter cake to obtain the industrial-grade sodium chloride.
2. The method for producing sodium chloride from reverse flotation tailings according to claim 1, wherein when the thickener is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reverse flotation tailings slurry, flotation froth is obtained, the mass fraction of potassium chloride in the flotation froth is 0-1.2%, and the flotation froth is dissolved into saturated brine and used for washing the primary concentration underflow.
3. The process for producing sodium chloride from reverse flotation tailings of claim 2 wherein the flotation froth is slurried and then transported to a waste salt pond for heap filtration.
4. The method for producing sodium chloride from reverse flotation tailings according to claim 1, wherein when the thickener is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the reverse flotation tailings slurry, a tail salt solution with the potassium chloride mass fraction being more than or equal to 2.5% is obtained, and the tail salt solution is conveyed to a salt pan for sun-curing.
5. The process for producing sodium chloride from reverse flotation tailings of claim 1 wherein step two further comprises: and conveying the primary concentrated underflow to a cyclone, thickening the primary concentrated underflow by the cyclone to obtain a secondary concentrated underflow with the solid content of 45-55%, and washing the secondary concentrated underflow.
6. The process for producing sodium chloride from reverse flotation tailings of claim 1 wherein the filtration is a filtration separation by a belt filter.
7. The process for producing sodium chloride from reverse flotation tailings of claim 1 wherein the fourth step further comprises: detecting the mass fraction of potassium chloride in the filtered filtrate, and if the mass fraction of potassium chloride in the filtered filtrate is more than or equal to 2.5%, conveying the filtered filtrate to a salt pan for sun-curing.
8. The process for producing sodium chloride from reverse flotation tailings according to claim 7, wherein the filtration filtrate is recycled for washing if the mass fraction of potassium chloride in the filtration filtrate is less than 2.5%.
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| CN206337030U (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-07-18 | 临沂大学 | A kind of Cha Er Han Salt Lake carries potassium flotation salt comprehensive reutilization combination device |
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| CN107555451A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-01-09 | 青海盐湖工业股份有限公司 | A kind of method that potassium chloride is produced using tail salt mine |
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