CN109388794A - A kind of time resolution method, apparatus, equipment and computer storage medium - Google Patents
A kind of time resolution method, apparatus, equipment and computer storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of time resolution method, apparatus, equipment and computer storage mediums, wherein method includes: the priority orders according to time factor, temporal expressions are matched with the grammer of each time factor, determine the time factor attribute of each time word in the temporal expressions；According to the corresponding time range of preset each time factor attribute, the corresponding time range of each time word in the temporal expressions is determined；Using the corresponding time range of time word each in the temporal expressions, the corresponding time range of the temporal expressions or time point are determined.The mode provided through the invention can be improved the accuracy rate of time resolution.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to natural language processing technique field, in particular to a kind of time resolution method, apparatus, equipment and meter
Calculation machine storage medium.
[background technique]
With the continuous release of "smart" products, the scenes such as intelligent answer, intelligent reminding can all use natural language
Processing technique carries out semantics recognition.Wherein time resolution is very important a part, and user is carrying out demand using language
When expression, it can usually be related to the content of time.Such as " what day day after tomorrow is ", " also how many days apart from New Year ", " tomorrow day
Gas is how ", " next Monday remind me 8 points meeting ", " the last week Valentine's Day reminds me to buy rose " etc..
Technology more mature at present extracts temporal expressions from sentence, and need further to do is that will extract
Temporal expressions out are parsed, and the temporal information of structuring is parsed into.Time resolution mode existing in the prior art is main
Including two kinds:
One is the matched modes of canonical.Such as it is parsed in such a way that regular expression cooperates perpetual calendar.But by
In the diversification of language expression, such as current time is " on 2 12nd, 2017 ", then in expression " on 2 14th, 2017 "
When, so that it may it is a variety of using " day after tomorrow ", " after 2 days ", " No. 14 ", " Valentine's Day ", " after 48 hours ", " having spent tomorrow " etc.
Expression way, then being difficult to cover all expression ways comprehensively for canonical mode.
Another kind is using PCFG (Probabilistic Context Free Grammar, the upper and lower Grammars of probability)
Mode, by a large amount of corpus labeling, to determine the displacement unit and displacement of time atom.However this mode exists at present
The accuracy rate in Chinese field is lower, the general only accuracy rate of 60%-70%.
[summary of the invention]
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of time resolution method, apparatus, equipment and computer storage medium, so as to
In the accuracy rate for improving time resolution.
Specific technical solution is as follows:
The present invention provides a kind of time resolution methods, this method comprises:
Temporal expressions are matched with the grammer of each time factor, determine the time of each time word in the temporal expressions
Factor attribute；
According to the corresponding time range of preset each time factor attribute, determine that each time word is corresponding in the temporal expressions
Time range；
Using the corresponding time range of time word each in the temporal expressions, the corresponding time model of the temporal expressions is determined
It encloses or time point.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, the time factor comprise at least one of the following:
Century, age, year, season, the moon, ten days, week, time, day, division of day and night, hour, minute, second.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention executes described by temporal expressions according to the priority orders of time factor
It is matched with the grammer of each time factor；
Wherein, the corresponding time range of time factor is bigger, and priority is higher.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, the grammer by temporal expressions and each time factor carry out matching packet
It includes:
Using maximum match principle, temporal expressions are matched with the grammer of each time factor.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, when the grammer of each time factor includes absolute time grammer, is opposite
Between grammer, repetition time grammer, breviary expression grammer, interval type expression grammer, red-letter day expression at least one of grammer.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, it is described to match temporal expressions with the grammer of each time factor, really
The time factor attribute of each time word includes: in the fixed temporal expressions
Temporal expressions are matched with the grammer of each time factor, formation time syntax tree, in the time syntax tree
Each nonleaf node is each time factor attribute that the temporal expressions are matched to, and leaf node is each time in the temporal expressions
Word.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, the corresponding time range of the preset each time factor attribute include with
Lower at least one:
At the beginning of the absolute time factor and the end time；
At the beginning of the relative time factor and the end time, alternatively, starting time and open direction；
The repetition time unit of the repetition time factor repeats span and duplicate duration ranges；
The starting time and terminal time of interval type time factor, alternatively, starting time and open direction.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, using the corresponding time range of time word each in the temporal expressions, really
Determine the corresponding time range of the temporal expressions or time point includes:
According to sequence of each time word in the temporal expressions from front to back, successively in the previous time word corresponding time
On scope, the corresponding time range of current time word is taken, until current time word is the last one time word, according to final
Obtained time range determines the corresponding time range of the temporal expressions or time point.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, this method further include:
If the temporal expressions can not be matched with the grammer of each time factor, the instruction information that can not be parsed is fed back.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, this method further include:
The corresponding time range of the temporal expressions or time point are supplied to and remind class application or intelligent answer class application
Service logic handled.
The present invention also provides a kind of time resolution device, which includes:
Syntactic match unit determines the timetable for matching temporal expressions with the grammer of each time factor
The time factor attribute of each time word in reaching；
First determination unit, for determining the time according to the corresponding time range of preset each time factor attribute
The corresponding time range of each time word in expression；
Second determination unit is used for using the corresponding time range of time word each in the temporal expressions, when determining described
Between express corresponding time range or time point.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, the time factor comprise at least one of the following:
Century, age, year, season, the moon, ten days, week, time, day, division of day and night, hour, minute, second.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, the syntactic match unit, specifically for according to the preferential of time factor
Grade sequence, execution is described to match temporal expressions with the grammer of each time factor；
Wherein, the corresponding time range of time factor is bigger, and priority is higher.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, the syntactic match unit are specific to execute:
Using maximum match principle, temporal expressions are matched with the grammer of each time factor.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, when the grammer of each time factor includes absolute time grammer, is opposite
Between grammer, repetition time grammer, breviary expression grammer, interval type expression grammer, red-letter day expression at least one of grammer.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, the syntactic match unit are specific to execute:
Temporal expressions are matched with the grammer of each time factor, formation time syntax tree, in the time syntax tree
Each nonleaf node is each time factor attribute that the temporal expressions are matched to, and leaf node is each time in the temporal expressions
Word.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, the corresponding time range of the preset each time factor attribute include with
Lower at least one:
At the beginning of the absolute time factor and the end time；
At the beginning of the relative time factor and the end time, alternatively, starting time and open direction；
The repetition time unit of the repetition time factor repeats span and duplicate duration ranges；
The starting time and terminal time of interval type time factor, alternatively, starting time and open direction.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, second determination unit are specific to execute:
According to sequence of each time word in the temporal expressions from front to back, successively in the previous time word corresponding time
On scope, the corresponding time range of current time word is taken, until current time word is the last one time word, according to final
Obtained time range determines the corresponding time range of the temporal expressions or time point.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, the device further include:
Feedback unit, if can not match for the temporal expressions with the grammer of each time factor, feedback can not be solved
The instruction information of analysis.
A specific embodiment according to the present invention, second determination unit are also used to the temporal expressions are corresponding
Time range or time point, which are supplied to, reminds class application or the service logic of intelligent answer class application to be handled.
The present invention also provides a kind of equipment, including
Memory, including one or more program；
One or more processor is coupled to the memory, executes one or more of programs, on realizing
State the operation executed in method.
The present invention also provides a kind of computer storage medium, the computer storage medium is encoded with computer journey
Sequence, described program by one or more computers when being executed, so that one or more of computers execute in the above method
The operation of execution.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention pre-defines the grammer of each time factor to determine temporal expressions
In each time word time factor attribute, then again according to the corresponding time range of preset each time factor attribute, when determining
Between the corresponding time range of each time word in expression, to further determine that the corresponding time range of temporal expressions or time point.It adopts
It is capable of the various expression of the neatly cover time factor with the mode of syntactic definition, Chinese field is particularly suitable for, when improving
Between the accuracy rate that parses.
[Detailed description of the invention]
Fig. 1 is time resolution method flow diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of time syntax tree provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of time resolution device provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of example apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[specific embodiment]
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, right in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments
The present invention is described in detail.
Core of the invention thought is, pre-defines the grammer of each time factor to determine each time in temporal expressions
Then the time factor attribute of word determines in temporal expressions according to the corresponding time range of preset each time factor attribute again
The corresponding time range of each time word, to further determine that the corresponding time range of temporal expressions.Below with reference to embodiment to this
The method that invention provides is described in detail.
Fig. 1 be time resolution method flow diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, this method may include with
Lower step:
In 101, temporal expressions are matched with the grammer of each time factor, determine each time word in temporal expressions
Time factor attribute.
Temporal expressions involved in the embodiment of the present invention be using such as NER (Named Entity Recognition,
Name Entity recognition) or the part comprising time entity that is extracted from text of the technologies such as Slot filling (frame filling).
For example, temporal expressions " tomorrow morning nine can be extracted from " 9 points of tomorrow morning reminds me that the garden Xi Xi is gone to have a meeting " text
Point ".The present invention is not intended to limit the concrete mode for extracting temporal expressions, is not described in detail herein.
In embodiments of the present invention, time factor can include but is not limited to: century, year, season, the moon, ten days, week, time,
Day, division of day and night, hour, minute, second.Temporal expressions can be understood as one or more time word structures with different time factor attribute
At.For example, " 2 morning of week, 10: 1 quarter in the 3rd week of June in next year " is a more complicated temporal expressions, wherein
Just contain the time word of multiple time factor attributes.
In embodiments of the present invention, grammer, the i.e. grammer of time factor are defined for each time factor in advance, referred to
It is structure law of the time factor in language expression.The grammer of each time factor includes but is not limited to: absolute time grammer, phase
To time grammer, repetition time grammer, breviary expression grammer, interval type expression grammer, red-letter day expression grammer etc..With time factor
For " year ", year attribute may include: absolute time, opposite time, repeat time, the breviary in time and interval type time
Deng.Therefore absolute time grammer is defined respectively, opposite time grammer, repeats time grammer, the breviary grammer in time and section
Formula time grammer etc..
1) form that absolute time grammer uses can be with are as follows: [number]+time factor unit.
By taking time factor " year " as an example, absolute time grammer are as follows: [number]+" year ".Such as " 9 years ", " 2016 "
Deng.
2) form that relative time grammer uses can be with are as follows: prefix relative term+[number]+time factor unit, alternatively,
[number]+time factor unit+suffix relative term.
Wherein prefix relative term can be such as "upper", "lower", suffix relative term can be such as " in the past ", " after ",
" before ", " later ".
By taking time factor " year " as an example, opposite time grammer are as follows: prefix relative term+[number]+" year ", alternatively, [number]+
" year "+suffix relative term.For example, " after 2 years ", " next 3 years ", etc..
3) form that repetition time grammer uses can be with are as follows: repetitor+[number]+time factor unit.
Wherein repetitor can be such as: " every ", " every ", " every ", etc..
By taking time factor " year " as an example, year grammer is repeated are as follows: repetitor+[number]+" year ".For example, " every 3 years ", " every 2
Year " etc..
4) form that uses of breviary expression grammer can be the form enumerated, by taking time factor " year " as an example, abbreviation
Are as follows: " next year ", " the year before last ", " three years ago ", [number]+" age " etc..
5) interval type time grammer mainly includes open time grammer.
The form that open time grammer uses can be with are as follows: (time preposition)+[number]+time factor unit+time is situated between
Word.
By taking time factor " year " as an example, for example, " since 1993 ", " until 2017 ", " after 2006 ", etc.
Deng.
6) red-letter day expression grammer can go out various red-letter days using the form of exhaustion, exhaustion.Including " New Year's Day ", " Valentine's Day ",
It in " International Working Woman's Day ", " Treeplanting Day ", " Children's Day ", " April Fool's Day ", " International Labour Day ", " May Day ", " the May 4th " etc. international red-letter day, also wraps
Include the Chinese lunar calendar such as " Spring Festival ", " Lantern Festival ", " Dragon Boat Festival ", " seventh evening of the seventh moon in lunarcalendar ", " mid-autumn ", " Double Ninth Festival ", " eighth day of the twelfth lunar month ", " Nian Sanshi ", " New Year's Eve "
Red-letter day further includes the wests red-letter days such as " Thanksgiving Day ", " Mother's Day ", " Father's Day ", can also include such as " double 11 ", " bachelor
Section ", " double 12 " etc. some emerging red-letter days.
The attribute of time factor refers to the property in time that the time factor has.Wherein, absolute time grammer, contracting
Sketch form up to grammer and the red-letter day corresponding time factor attribute of expression grammer be the absolute time factor, it is specific again with different time because
Son distinguishes for unit.The corresponding time factor attribute of relative time grammer is the relative time factor, it is specific again with it is different when
Between the factor distinguished for unit.The corresponding time factor attribute of repetition time grammer is to repeat time factor, specific again with not
It is distinguished with time factor for unit.It is interval type time factor, tool that interval type, which expresses the corresponding time factor attribute of grammer,
Body is distinguished as unit of the different time factor again.
For various time factors, the priority of each time factor can be preset, when time factor is corresponding
Between range it is bigger, priority is higher.It, can be according to the priority orders of each time factor, by temporal expressions and respectively in this step
The grammer of time factor is matched.I.e. according to " century, year, season, the moon, ten days, week, time, day, division of day and night, hour, minute, second "
Sequentially, priority gradually decreases.That is, when being matched to temporal expressions, on the one hand according to sequence from front to back
Temporal expressions are matched, such as temporal expressions " 2 morning of week, 10: 1 quarter in the 3rd week of June in next year ", is matched
When, since " next year " gradually after match；On the other hand, according to the priority of each time factor, from high priority
The grammer of time factor is matched, such as the preferential grammer for using year will start to match with " next year ".
Once some word match in the grammer and temporal expressions of some high priority, then using the language of time high priority
Method continues the matching of the word after the word.Or the grammer of some high priority and timetable expression in word it is equal
It mismatches, then starts to be matched using never matched first word of grammer of time high priority.Still with " June the 3rd in next year
For 2 morning of week, 10: 1 quarter in a week ", " next year " is matched with the grammer in " century " of highest priority first,
Non- successful match is then matched with the grammer in " year " of secondary high priority, can be with successful match.Then continue using time Gao You
The grammer in " season " of first grade is matched with " June ", non-successful match, then will be continued in " June " and time high priority
The grammer of " moon " is matched, and is successively carried out, until temporal expressions matching is completed or the syntactic match of lowest priority is complete
At.
In addition, there is also the priority between different grammers in the grammer of each time factor, such as can use,
Red-letter day expresses grammer, interval type time grammer, relative time grammer, repetition time grammer, absolute time grammer, corresponding priority
Sequence from high to low.But it should be recognized that priority orders recited herein are only an example, in order to guarantee reality
The superiority and inferiority of existing effect can be adjusted priority orders, and the present invention is not intended to limit this.
When being matched temporal expressions with the grammer of each time factor, used in the embodiment of the present invention is maximum matching
Principle.Maximum match principle is matching principle more common at present, in embodiments of the present invention, is referred to according to positive suitable
Sequence, the identical or different syntactic match of the word of multiple length and same time factor, then select longest word to make if it exists
For matching result.For example, if there are segment " after 1993 " for certain temporal expressions, wherein " 1993 " and absolute year grammer
Matching, " after 1993 " and interval type year syntactic match, then matching result will be used as " after 1993 ".
It should be noted that the form of above-mentioned grammer be for vivid syntax of declaration structure, but in practical application, the grammer
Different grammatical forms can be programmed in the form of computer language, but syntactic structure is similar.Meter of the present invention to use
Calculation machine language form is simultaneously without restriction.It, can be right using language compilations' tools such as " ANTLR " after having a set of grammer
Above-mentioned grammer carries out parsing compiling.Input after the completion of compiling, for temporal expressions, so that it may by temporal expressions and each time
During the grammer progress of the factor is matched, formed time syntax tree (being referred to as analytic tree), it is each in the time syntax tree
Nonleaf node is each time factor attribute that temporal expressions are matched to, and each leaf node is the time word that temporal expressions are matched to.It can
So to understand, the father nodes at different levels of leaf node constitute the time factor attribute of the leaf node.
For example, still by taking temporal expressions " 2 morning of week, 10: 1 quarter in the 3rd week of June in next year " as an example, according to pre-
If syntactic structure matched after, available time syntax tree as shown in Figure 2.Its leaf node " next year ", " June ",
" the 3rd week ", " ", " week 2 ", " morning ", " 10 points ", " 1 quarter " be time word that matching obtains.By taking " next year " as an example,
Its each father node constitutes its time factor attribute: the breviary in time.It should be noted that being used for the purpose of facilitating reason in Fig. 2
The schematical time syntax tree that solution provides, it is tree-like for the grammer obtained using parsings such as different language, different grammer statements
Formula has difference, and the present invention does not limit this.
In 102, according to the corresponding time range of preset each time factor attribute, each time word in temporal expressions is determined
Corresponding time range.
For each time factor attribute, it is previously provided with corresponding time range.It is retouched separately below
It states:
The corresponding time range of the absolute time factor may include starting and end time.Time factor " year " is corresponding
Time range be this year first day 00:00:00 24:00:00 until the last day, the corresponding time range of time factor " moon "
For first day 00:00:00 24:00:00 until the last day of this month, the corresponding time range of time factor " day " is this day
00:00:00 to 24:00:00, etc..The setting form of specific time range depends on the minimum time unit used, when above-mentioned
Between range be by the second be minimum time unit for.For example, the corresponding time range of time word " 1993 " are as follows: the time started
" 00:00:00 on January 1st, 1993 ", end time " 24:00:00 on December 31st, 1993 ".
The corresponding time range of the relative time factor may include starting and end time, when also may include starting point
Between and open direction.That is, an enclosed range can be corresponded to, an open range can also be corresponded to.By
In the relative time factor when determining time range, can there are problems that a fiducial time, therefore determine fiducial time first.
It is comprising fiducial time, thus may determine that the starting time of its time range for time word " before 2001 " are as follows:
2001, open direction are as follows: forward.It is not include fiducial time for time word " a few days ago ", can defaults fiducial time
For current time, it is assumed that current time is on June 13rd, 2017, then it is determined that its time range are as follows: in June, 2017 time started
00:00:00 on the 11st, June 12 2017 end time 24:00:00.
The corresponding time range of the repetition time factor can be with are as follows: repetition time unit repeats span and duplicate continues model
It encloses.For example, time word " each week of August ", repetition time unit is " week ", and repeating span is " week ", duplicate to hold
Continuous range are as follows: August.
The corresponding time range of interval type time factor can be with are as follows: starting and end time, alternatively, starting time and
Open direction.For example, the corresponding starting time of time word " after 3 points " (assuming that today is on January 1st, 2017) is " 2017
January 1,00:00:00 ", opened direction as backward.
In addition, at the beginning of interval type time factor or the end time can be using prediction for certain specific applications
Mode, and can additionally be marked at the beginning of in above-mentioned time range with the end time, to realize certain spies
Surely the miscellaneous function applied.For example, if user is provided in calendar " I will have a meeting after at 3 points in afternoon ", wherein " under
After 3 points of noon " it is temporal expressions.It can determine the time range " after 3 points " are as follows: the time started is on January 1st, 2017
15:00:00, the end time be on January 1st, 2017 16:00:00 (because in calendar APP the default predictor time interval duration
It is 1 hour), can mark the end time is predicted time.Miscellaneous function herein can solve schedule collision problem, if such as
User goes to supermarket provided with " three thirty of afternoon " in calendar again, due to the time and 15:00 in existing schedule on January 1st, 2017:
00~16:00:00 conflict, therefore user can be reminded.Certain different application can have different notation methods and auxiliary
Assist energy is not done exhaustive one by one herein.
In 103, using the corresponding time range of time word each in temporal expressions, the corresponding time model of temporal expressions is determined
It encloses or time point.
It in this step, can be according to sequence of each time word in temporal expressions from front to back, successively in the previous time
On the basis of the corresponding time range of word, the corresponding time range of current time word is taken, until when current time word is the last one
Between word, determine the corresponding time range of temporal expressions or time point using finally obtained time range.
It gives one example, still by taking temporal expressions " 2 morning of week, 10: 1 quarter in the 3rd week of June in next year " as an example, it is assumed that
Current time is 2017.The corresponding time range of time word " next year " is section [on January 1st, 2018 00:00:00,2018
December 31 24:00:00].Using " June " as current time word, the time in time word " June " is taken on the basis of previous time word
Range, obtaining new time range is section [on June 1st, 2018 00:00:00, on June 30th, 2018 24:00:00].Again with
Time word " the 3rd week " is used as current time word, and " the 3rd week " is taken on the basis of previous time word corresponding time range
Time range, obtain new time range be section [on June 17,00:00:00 to 2018 years on the 11st June in 2018 24:00:
00].Again using time word " week 2 " as current time word, " week 2 " is taken on the basis of previous time word corresponding time range
Time range, obtain new time range be section [00:00:00 to 24:00:00 on June 12nd, 2018].And so on,
Finally determining timetable and expressing corresponding time range is section [10:15:00 to 10:16:00 on June 12nd, 2018].
There are also a kind of situation, and so on after, can be accurate according to preset time point after finally determining time range
The setting rule of degree or concrete application, the time range that will eventually determine out are converted into a time point.The still above example explanation, most
The time range determined eventually is section [10:15:00 to 10:16:00 on June 12nd, 2018], and some applications do not need
One time range, but a time point, then can be corresponding as temporal expressions using 10:15:00 on June 12nd, 2018
Time point.
There is also such a case, if the temporal expressions can not be matched with the grammer of each time factor, person may be
A kind of expression that can not resolve to the time, such as " mother's birthday ", may not be a well known time, for this feelings
Condition can then feed back the instruction information that can not be parsed.
In addition, it is necessary to explanation, for there may be multiple temporal expressions in a word, when therefrom can extract multiple
Between express and carry out above-mentioned processing provided in an embodiment of the present invention respectively, for example: " from next month 1 on January in next year 1 ",
Two temporal expressions can be resolved to according to syntactic definition.Wherein preset syntactic definition can be such as: wherein closed
The form that time grammer uses can be with are as follows:
(time preposition)+temporal expressions 1+ time preposition+temporal expressions 2.Wherein, bracket indicates that this is optional.Time is situated between
Word can be such as: " from ... extremely ... ", " from ... to ... ", " ... extremely ... ", " ... to ... " etc..
Wherein at least one time factor is respectively included in temporal expressions 1 and temporal expressions 2.For example, " from nineteen ninety to
1991 ", " 06 year to 10 years ", etc..
Still by taking " from next month 1 on January in next year 1 " as an example, " next month 1 " can be parsed out according to syntactic definition,
" January in next year " be used as two temporal expressions, the time range section then obtained, according still further to two timetables expression association into
Row integration processing.
It is the description carried out to method provided by the present invention above, below with reference to embodiment to device provided by the invention
It is described.
Fig. 3 is structure drawing of device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 3, the apparatus may include: syntactic match list
First 01, first determination unit 02 and the second determination unit 03, this may include feedback unit 04.Wherein each component units is main
Function is as follows:
Syntactic match unit 01 is responsible for matching temporal expressions with the grammer of each time factor, determines in temporal expressions
The time factor attribute of each time word.
In embodiments of the present invention, time factor can include but is not limited to: century, year, season, the moon, ten days, week, time,
Day, division of day and night, hour, minute, second.Temporal expressions can be understood as one or more time word structures with different time factor attribute
At.
In embodiments of the present invention, grammer is defined for each time factor in advance, the grammer of each time factor includes
But it is not limited to: absolute time grammer, relative time grammer, repetition time grammer, breviary express grammer, interval type expresses grammer,
Red-letter day expresses grammer etc..By taking time factor " year " as an example, year attribute may include: absolute time, opposite time, repeat the time,
The breviary in time and interval type time etc..Therefore absolute time grammer is defined respectively, opposite time grammer, repeats time language
Method, the breviary grammer in time and interval type time grammer etc..
1) form that absolute time grammer uses can be with are as follows: [number]+time factor unit.
2) form that relative time grammer uses can be with are as follows: prefix relative term+[number]+time factor unit, alternatively,
[number]+time factor unit+suffix relative term.Wherein prefix relative term can be such as "upper", "lower", and suffix relative term can
Be such as " in the past ", " after ", " before ", " later ".
3) form that repetition time grammer uses can be with are as follows: repetitor+[number]+time factor unit.Wherein repetitor
It can be such as: " every ", " every ", " every ", etc..
4) form that uses of breviary expression grammer can be the form enumerated, by taking time factor " year " as an example, abbreviation
Are as follows: " next year ", " the year before last ", " three years ago ", [number]+" age " etc..
5) interval type time grammer can be divided into closed time grammer and open time grammer.
The form that wherein closed time grammer uses can be with are as follows:
(time preposition)+[number]+time factor unit+time preposition+[number]+time factor unit.Wherein, bracket
Indicate that this is optional.
The form that wherein open time grammer uses can be with are as follows: (time preposition)+[number]+time factor unit+when
Between preposition.
6) red-letter day expression grammer can go out various red-letter days using the form of exhaustion, exhaustion.Including " New Year's Day ", " Valentine's Day ",
It in " International Working Woman's Day ", " Treeplanting Day ", " Children's Day ", " April Fool's Day ", " International Labour Day ", " May Day ", " the May 4th " etc. international red-letter day, also wraps
Include the Chinese lunar calendar such as " Spring Festival ", " Lantern Festival ", " Dragon Boat Festival ", " seventh evening of the seventh moon in lunarcalendar ", " mid-autumn ", " Double Ninth Festival ", " eighth day of the twelfth lunar month ", " Nian Sanshi ", " New Year's Eve "
Red-letter day further includes the wests red-letter days such as " Thanksgiving Day ", " Mother's Day ", " Father's Day ", can also include such as " double 11 ", " bachelor
Section ", " double 12 " etc. some emerging red-letter days.
Wherein, absolute time grammer, breviary expression grammer and the corresponding time factor attribute of red-letter day expression grammer are exhausted
It is specific to be distinguished as unit of the different time factor again to time factor.The corresponding time factor attribute of relative time grammer
It is specific to be distinguished as unit of the different time factor again for the relative time factor.The corresponding time factor of repetition time grammer
Attribute is to repeat time factor, specific to be distinguished as unit of the different time factor again.When interval type expression grammer is corresponding
Between factor attribute be interval type time factor, it is specific to be distinguished as unit of the different time factor again.
For various time factors, the priority of each time factor can be preset, when time factor is corresponding
Between range it is bigger, priority is higher.Syntactic match unit 01 can be according to the priority orders of each time factor, by temporal expressions
It is matched with the grammer of each time factor.I.e. according to " century, year, season, the moon, ten days, week, time, day, the division of day and night, hour, point,
The sequence of second ", priority gradually decrease.That is, when being matched to temporal expressions, on the one hand according to the past after
Sequence matches temporal expressions, such as temporal expressions " 2 morning of week, 10: 1 quarter in the 3rd week of June in next year ", carries out
When matching, since " next year " gradually after match；On the other hand, according to the priority of each time factor, from Gao Youxian
The grammer of the time factor of grade is matched, such as the preferential grammer for using year will start to match with " next year ".
Once some word match in the grammer and temporal expressions of some high priority, then using the language of time high priority
Method continues the matching of the word after the word.Or the grammer of some high priority and timetable expression in word it is equal
It mismatches, then starts to be matched using never matched first word of grammer of time high priority.Successively carry out, until when
Between expression matching complete or lowest priority syntactic match complete.
In addition, there is also the priority between different grammers in the grammer of each time factor, such as can use,
Red-letter day expresses grammer, interval type time grammer, relative time grammer, repetition time grammer, absolute time grammer, corresponding priority
Sequence from high to low.But it should be recognized that priority orders recited herein are only an example, in order to guarantee reality
The superiority and inferiority of existing effect can be adjusted priority orders, and the present invention is not intended to limit this.
When being matched temporal expressions with the grammer of each time factor, used in the embodiment of the present invention is maximum matching
Principle.Maximum match principle is matching principle more common at present, in embodiments of the present invention, is referred to according to positive suitable
Sequence, the identical or different syntactic match of the word of multiple length and same time factor, then select longest word to make if it exists
For matching result.
It should be noted that the form of above-mentioned grammer be for vivid syntax of declaration structure, but in practical application, the grammer
Different grammatical forms can be programmed in the form of computer language, but syntactic structure is similar.Meter of the present invention to use
Calculation machine language form is simultaneously without restriction.It, can be right using language compilations' tools such as " ANTLR " after having a set of grammer
Above-mentioned grammer carries out parsing compiling.Input after the completion of compiling, for temporal expressions, so that it may by temporal expressions and each time
During the grammer progress of the factor is matched, formed time syntax tree (being referred to as analytic tree), it is each in the time syntax tree
Nonleaf node is each time factor attribute that temporal expressions are matched to, and each leaf node is the time word that temporal expressions are matched to.It can
So to understand, the father nodes at different levels of leaf node constitute the time factor attribute of the leaf node.
First determination unit 02 is responsible for determining temporal expressions according to the corresponding time range of preset each time factor attribute
In the corresponding time range of each time word.
For each time factor attribute, it is previously provided with corresponding time range.It is retouched separately below
It states:
The corresponding time range of the absolute time factor may include starting and end time.Time factor " year " is corresponding
Time range be this year first day 00:00:00 24:00:00 until the last day, the corresponding time range of time factor " moon "
For first day 00:00:00 24:00:00 until the last day of this month, the corresponding time range of time factor " day " is this day
00:00:00 to 24:00:00, etc..
The corresponding time range of the relative time factor may include starting and end time, when also may include starting point
Between and open direction.That is, an enclosed range can be corresponded to, an open range can also be corresponded to.By
In the relative time factor when determining time range, can there are problems that a fiducial time, therefore determine fiducial time first.
It is comprising fiducial time, thus may determine that the starting time of its time range for time word " before 2001 " are as follows:
2001, open direction are as follows: forward.It is not include fiducial time for time word " a few days ago ", can defaults fiducial time
For current time, it is assumed that current time is on June 13rd, 2017, then it is determined that its time range are as follows: in June, 2017 time started
00:00:00 on the 11st, June 12 2017 end time 24:00:00.
The corresponding time range of the repetition time factor can be with are as follows: repetition time unit repeats span and duplicate continues model
It encloses.For example, time word " each week of August ", repetition time unit is " week ", and repeating span is " week ", duplicate to hold
Continuous range are as follows: August.
The corresponding time range of interval type time factor can be with are as follows: starting and end time, alternatively, starting time and
Open direction.For example, the corresponding starting time of time word " since 1993 " is " 00:00:00 on January 1st, 1993 ", it is open
Direction is backward.
Second determination unit 03 is responsible for determining temporal expressions pair using the corresponding time range of time word each in temporal expressions
The time range answered or time point.
Specifically, the second determination unit 03 can be according to sequence of each time word in temporal expressions from front to back, successively
On the basis of previous time word corresponding time range, the corresponding time range of current time word is taken, until current time word is
The last one time word determines the corresponding time range of temporal expressions according to finally obtained time range.
If temporal expressions can not be matched with the grammer of each time factor, feedback unit 04 is responsible for what feedback can not parse
Indicate information.
After the processing of the above method and device, actually just a kind of temporal expressions of human language formula are converted into having
The time range of body, then the time range can be supplied to subsequent industry by (such as second determination unit 03 in device)
Business processing logic is handled.In the several application scenarios of this measure:
Application scenarios 1:
It can be applied to such as remind class application.When user setting is reminded, the sentence of human language formula, example can be inputted
Such as " 10 points of tomorrow morning reminds me to have a meeting ", then it is temporal expressions that " 10 points of tomorrow morning " can be extracted from the sentence, so
It parses to obtain specific time range using method and apparatus provided by the invention afterwards, the time range is then supplied to prompting
The service logic of class application, is bound the time range with reminded contents by the service logic, so as in the time range
User is reminded.
Application scenarios 2:
It can be applied to such as intelligent answer class application.When user inputs question sentence " the next Monday north of a human language formula
How is capital weather ", then can therefrom extract " next Monday " is temporal expressions, then uses method or apparatus provided by the invention
It determines the corresponding specific time range of the temporal expressions, then patrols the business that the time range is supplied to the application of intelligent answer class
Volume, by the corresponding weather conditions of the time range in service logic inquiry Pekinese's weather data library, and generate answer feedback
To user.
Fig. 4 schematically illustrates example apparatus 400 according to various embodiments.Equipment 400 may include one or more
Processor 402, system control logic 401 are coupled at least one processor 402, nonvolatile memory (non-volatile
Memory, NMV)/memory 404 is coupled in system control logic 401, and network interface 406 is coupled in system control logic 401.
Processor 402 may include one or more single core processors or multi-core processor.Processor 402 may include any one
As purposes processor or application specific processor (such as image processor, application processor baseband processor) combination.
System control logic 401 in one embodiment, it may include any interface controller appropriate, to provide to processing
Any suitable interface of at least one of device 402, and/or offer are any suitable to what is communicated with system control logic 401
Equipment or component any suitable interface.
System control logic 401 in one embodiment, it may include one or more Memory Controller Hub, to provide the system of arriving
The interface of memory 403.Installed System Memory 403 is used to load and storing data and/or instruction.For example, corresponding equipment 400, one
In a embodiment, Installed System Memory 403 may include any suitable volatile memory.
NVM/ memory 404 may include the computer-readable medium of one or more tangible nonvolatiles, for storing number
According to and/or instruction.For example, NVM/ memory 404 may include any suitable non-volatile memory device, it is such as one or more hard
Disk (hard disk device, HDD), one or more CDs (compact disk, CD), and/or one or more numbers
Universal disc (digital versatile disk, DVD).
NVM/ memory 404 may include storage resource, which is physically that the system is installed or can be with
A part of accessed equipment, but it is not necessarily a part of equipment.For example, NVM/ memory 404 can be via network interface
406 are accessed by network.
Installed System Memory 403 and NVM/ memory 404 can respectively include the copy of interim or lasting instruction 410.Refer to
Enable 410 may include cause when being executed by least one of processor 402 equipment 400 realize Fig. 1 description one of method or
Combined instruction.In each embodiment, instruction 410 or hardware, firmware and/or component software can additionally/be alternatively placed on
System control logic 401, network interface 406 and/or processor 402.
Network interface 406 may include a receiver to provide wireless interface and one or more networks for equipment 400
And/or any suitable equipment is communicated.Network interface 406 may include any suitable hardware and/or firmware.Network interface
406 may include mutiple antennas to provide MIMO wireless interface.In one embodiment, network interface 406 may include
One network adapter, a wireless network adapter, a telephone modem and/or radio modem.
In one embodiment, at least one of processor 402 can be with one or more for system control logic
The logic of a controller encapsulates together.In one embodiment, at least one of processor can be patrolled with for system control
The logic for the one or more controllers collected is encapsulated together to form system in package.In one embodiment, in processor
At least one can be integrated on the same die with the logic of one or more controllers for system control logic.One
In a embodiment, at least one of processor can be with the logical set of one or more controllers for system control logic
At on the same die to form System on Chip/SoC.
Equipment 400 can further comprise input/output device 405.Input/output device 405 may include user interface purport
Interact user with equipment 400, it may include peripheral component interface is designed so that peripheral assembly can be with system
Interaction, and/or, it may include sensor, it is intended to determine environmental condition and/or the location information in relation to equipment 400.
In several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that disclosed system, device and method can be with
It realizes by another way.For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary, for example, the unit
It divides, only a kind of logical function partition, there may be another division manner in actual implementation.
The unit as illustrated by the separation member may or may not be physically separated, aobvious as unit
The component shown may or may not be physical unit, it can and it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple
In network unit.It can select some or all of unit therein according to the actual needs to realize the mesh of this embodiment scheme
's.
It, can also be in addition, the functional units in various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit
It is that each unit physically exists alone, can also be integrated in one unit with two or more units.Above-mentioned integrated list
Member both can take the form of hardware realization, can also realize in the form of hardware adds SFU software functional unit.
The above-mentioned integrated unit being realized in the form of SFU software functional unit can store and computer-readable deposit at one
In storage media.Above-mentioned SFU software functional unit is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are used so that a computer
It is each that equipment (can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) or processor (processor) execute the present invention
The part steps of embodiment the method.And storage medium above-mentioned includes: USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-
Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic or disk etc. it is various
It can store the medium of program code.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done be should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (22)
1. a kind of time resolution method, which is characterized in that this method comprises:
Temporal expressions are matched with the grammer of each time factor, determine the time factor of each time word in the temporal expressions
Attribute；
According to the corresponding time range of preset each time factor attribute, when determining that each time word is corresponding in the temporal expressions
Between range；
Using the corresponding time range of time word each in the temporal expressions, determine the corresponding time range of the temporal expressions or
Time point.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the time factor comprises at least one of the following:
Century, age, year, season, the moon, ten days, week, time, day, division of day and night, hour, minute, second.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein execution is described will according to the priority orders of time factor
Temporal expressions are matched with the grammer of each time factor；
Wherein, the corresponding time range of time factor is bigger, and priority is higher.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein described carry out temporal expressions and the grammer of each time factor
Matching includes:
Using maximum match principle, temporal expressions are matched with the grammer of each time factor.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the grammer of each time factor includes absolute time language
Method, relative time grammer, repetition time grammer, breviary expression grammer, interval type expression grammer, red-letter day express in grammer at least
It is a kind of.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein described carry out temporal expressions and the grammer of each time factor
Matching, determines that the time factor attribute of each time word in the temporal expressions includes:
Temporal expressions are matched with the grammer of each time factor, formation time syntax tree, it is each non-in the time syntax tree
Leaf node is each time factor attribute that the temporal expressions are matched to, and leaf node is each time word in the temporal expressions.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding time model of preset each time factor attribute
It encloses and comprises at least one of the following:
At the beginning of the absolute time factor and the end time；
At the beginning of the relative time factor and the end time, alternatively, starting time and open direction；
The repetition time unit of the repetition time factor repeats span and duplicate duration ranges；
The starting time and terminal time of interval type time factor, alternatively, starting time and open direction.
8. the method according to claim 1, wherein utilizing time word each in the temporal expressions corresponding time
Range, determines the corresponding time range of the temporal expressions or time point includes:
According to sequence of each time word in the temporal expressions from front to back, successively in the corresponding time range of previous time word
On the basis of, the corresponding time range of current time word is taken, until current time word is the last one time word, foundation is finally obtained
Time range determine the corresponding time range of the temporal expressions or time point.
9. the method according to claim 1, wherein this method further include:
If the temporal expressions can not be matched with the grammer of each time factor, the instruction information that can not be parsed is fed back.
10. the method according to claim 1, wherein this method further include:
The corresponding time range of the temporal expressions or time point are supplied to the industry for reminding class application or the application of intelligent answer class
Business logic is handled.
11. a kind of time resolution device, which is characterized in that the device includes:
Syntactic match unit determines in the temporal expressions for matching temporal expressions with the grammer of each time factor
The time factor attribute of each time word；
First determination unit, for determining the temporal expressions according to the corresponding time range of preset each time factor attribute
In the corresponding time range of each time word；
Second determination unit, for determining the timetable using the corresponding time range of time word each in the temporal expressions
Up to corresponding time range or time point.
12. device according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the time factor comprises at least one of the following:
Century, age, year, season, the moon, ten days, week, time, day, division of day and night, hour, minute, second.
13. device according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the syntactic match unit was specifically used for according to the time
The priority orders of the factor, execution is described to match temporal expressions with the grammer of each time factor；
Wherein, the corresponding time range of time factor is bigger, and priority is higher.
14. device according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the syntactic match unit, specific to execute:
Using maximum match principle, temporal expressions are matched with the grammer of each time factor.
15. device according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the grammer of each time factor includes absolute time language
Method, relative time grammer, repetition time grammer, breviary expression grammer, interval type expression grammer, red-letter day express in grammer at least
It is a kind of.
16. device according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the syntactic match unit, specific to execute:
Temporal expressions are matched with the grammer of each time factor, formation time syntax tree, it is each non-in the time syntax tree
Leaf node is each time factor attribute that the temporal expressions are matched to, and leaf node is each time word in the temporal expressions.
17. device according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the preset each time factor attribute corresponding time
Range comprises at least one of the following:
At the beginning of the absolute time factor and the end time；
At the beginning of the relative time factor and the end time, alternatively, starting time and open direction；
The repetition time unit of the repetition time factor repeats span and duplicate duration ranges；
The starting time and terminal time of interval type time factor, alternatively, starting time and open direction.
18. device according to claim 11, which is characterized in that second determination unit is specific to execute:
According to sequence of each time word in the temporal expressions from front to back, successively in the corresponding time range of previous time word
On the basis of, the corresponding time range of current time word is taken, until current time word is the last one time word, foundation is finally obtained
Time range determine the corresponding time range of the temporal expressions or time point.
19. device according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the device further include:
Feedback unit, if can not be matched for the temporal expressions with the grammer of each time factor, what feedback can not parse
Indicate information.
20. device according to claim 11, which is characterized in that second determination unit was also used to the time
It expresses corresponding time range or time point is supplied to and class application or the service logic of intelligent answer class application is reminded to be handled.
21. a kind of equipment, including
Memory, including one or more program；
One or more processor is coupled to the memory, executes one or more of programs, to realize such as right
It is required that the operation executed in 1 to 10 any claim the method.
22. a kind of computer storage medium, the computer storage medium is encoded with computer program, and described program is by one
When a or multiple computers execute, so that one or more of computers are executed as described in any claim of claims 1 to 10
The operation executed in method.
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Application publication date: 20190226 |