CN109383220A - 用于电动车的冷却剂加热装置 - Google Patents

用于电动车的冷却剂加热装置 Download PDF

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CN109383220A
CN109383220A CN201711274683.XA CN201711274683A CN109383220A CN 109383220 A CN109383220 A CN 109383220A CN 201711274683 A CN201711274683 A CN 201711274683A CN 109383220 A CN109383220 A CN 109383220A
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coolant
hole
import
flowing
sheathed heater
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CN109383220B (zh
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李尚信
郑韶螺
金才熊
朴昭玧
吴万周
朴宰佑
李元硕
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Hyundai Motor Co
Doowon Climate Control Co Ltd
Kia Corp
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Kia Motors Corp
Doowon Climate Control Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
    • B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
    • B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/101—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply
    • F24H1/102—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply with resistance
    • F24H1/103—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply with resistance with bare resistances in direct contact with the fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00321—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/2215—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters
    • B60H1/2221—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters arrangements of electric heaters for heating an intermediate liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/12—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
    • F24H1/14—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form
    • F24H1/145—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/001—Guiding means
    • F24H9/0015—Guiding means in water channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F24H9/1818—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
    • F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
    • F24H9/2028—Continuous-flow heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H2001/2268—Constructional features
    • B60H2001/2271—Heat exchangers, burners, ignition devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P2007/143—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid using restrictions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/12—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
    • F24H1/14—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form
    • F24H1/16—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form helically or spirally coiled
    • F24H1/165—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form helically or spirally coiled using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2250/00—Electrical heat generating means
    • F24H2250/02—Resistances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F28D7/12—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically the surrounding tube being closed at one end, e.g. return type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/10—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/10—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media
    • F28F2250/102—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media with change of flow direction
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    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

本发明提供一种用于电动车的冷却剂加热装置，包括：护套加热器，其在冷却剂加热装置的中心侧以线圈形式形成；一个或多个内管，其中一个具有在其一侧形成的用于冷却剂导入的进口，该一个或多个内管布置为围绕护套加热器或被护套加热器围绕，并且该一个或多个内管具有在其各自的外周表面上形成的多个通孔，从而使导入到进口的冷却剂经通孔排出；以及外管，其围绕该护套加热器和该一个或多个内管并且在其一侧形成有出口，从而使由该护套加热器加热的冷却剂经该一个或多个内管的通孔导入然后经该出口排出。

Description

用于电动车的冷却剂加热装置
技术领域
本公开涉及一种用于电动车的冷却剂加热装置，更具体地，涉及一种具有高加热效率和优异安全性的用于电动车的冷却剂加热装置。
背景技术
近年来，电动汽车已成为社会议题以实现生态友好技术并解决能源枯竭相关的问题。这种电动车由使用电池供给的电力而输出动力的电动机驱动。因此，由于不排放二氧化碳并且噪音非常小，并且电动机与发动机相比具有更高的能量效率，电动车作为生态友好型车辆而居于中心位置。
然而，与通过发动机产生的热量加热冷却剂的常规内燃机车辆不同的是，电动车不具有单独安装在其中的发动机。因此，电动车的不利之处在于，冷却剂不能通过发动机产生的热量加热。
因此，电动车应具有用于加热冷却剂的单独装置，但是由于壳体引导冷却剂在一个方向上流动并且由于冷却器在通道中的平稳流动使冷却剂停留在加热装置中的时间短，所以这样的常规电动车可能不会执行有效的热交换。
在常规的电动车中，由于护套加热器位于冷却剂的流动方向上，所以较大的负载施加到进口位置处的护套加热器上，并且相对较小的负载施加到出口位置处的护套加热器上。因此，电动车可能效率低下，从而其部件具有较低的耐久性，并且可能因冷却剂加热不均引起的过热而不安全。
前述内容仅旨在帮助理解本公开的背景技术，而不意味着本公开落入本领域技术人员已经公知的现有技术的范围内。
发明内容
因此，考虑到现有技术中出现的上述问题而作出本发明，本公开旨在提出一种用于电动车的冷却剂加热装置，其能够增加部件的耐久性并确保安全性，同时通过增加冷却剂停留在加热设备中的时间而均匀地加热冷却剂。
根据本公开的一方面，用于电动车的冷却剂加热装置包括：护套加热器，其在冷却剂加热装置的中心侧以线圈形式形成；一个或多个内管，其中一个具有在其一侧形成的用于冷却剂导入的进口，该一个或多个内管布置为围绕护套加热器或被护套加热器围绕，并且该一个或多个内管具有在其各自的外周表面上形成的多个通孔，从而使导入到进口的冷却剂经通孔排出；以及外管，其围绕护套加热器和内管并且在其一侧形成有出口，从而使由护套加热器加热的冷却剂通过内管的通孔导入然后通过出口排出。
上述一个或多个内管可以包括：第一通道管，其插入到护套加热器中，并且具有在其一侧形成的进口和在其外周表面上形成的用于冷却剂排出的多个第一通孔；以及第二通道管，其围绕护套加热器并且具有形成在其外周表面上的用于将经第一通孔导入的冷却剂排出到外管的多个第二通孔。
进口可以形成在第一通道管的一侧，出口可以形成在外管的另一侧，且进口和出口布置在相对侧。
多个第一通孔可以在第一通道管的纵向方向上彼此间隔开，并且具有从进口到其相对侧增加的直径。
或者，多个第一通孔可以在冷却剂的流动方向上彼此间隔开，并且可具有在冷却剂的流动方向的下游增加的直径。
多个第二通孔可以在第二通道管的纵向方向上彼此间隔开，并且具有从第一通道管的进口的相对侧向进口增加的直径。
或者，多个第二通孔可以在冷却剂的流动方向上彼此间隔开，并且可具有在冷却剂的流动方向的下游增加的直径。
多个第一通孔可以在第一通道管的纵向方向上彼此间隔开并且具有从进口到其相对侧增大的直径，从而形成了第一流动，在第一流动中导入到进口的冷却剂从进口流向其相对侧，多个第二通孔可以在第二通道管的纵向方向上彼此间隔开，并且具有从进口的相对侧到进口增加的直径，从而形成了第二流动，在第二流动中经第一通孔导入至第二通道管的冷却剂在与第一流动相反的方向上流动，并且形成了第三流动，在第三流动中通过第二通孔导入外管的冷却剂通过出口排出。
通过位于第一流动的上游点处的第一通道管的第一通孔导入的相对低温的冷却剂可以在第二流动的下游点混合，由此防止冷却剂过热。
通过位于第二流动的上游点处的第二通道管的第二通孔导入的相对低温的冷却剂可以在第三流动的下游点混合，由此防止冷却剂过热。
从以上描述可以明显看出，具有上述结构的用于电动车的冷却剂加热装置的优点在于，通过在每个通道管中形成的多个通孔在冷却剂流动中产生的阻力，可以增加与护套加热器的传热时间，并通过控制冷却剂的流动模式使每个护套加热器的增温负载变均匀。另外，由于形成了冷却剂混合区段来向护套加热器提供均匀的负载，冷却剂加热装置可以通过防止过热具有优异的安全性并且可以通过提高护套加热器的效率而具有高性能，其中在冷却剂混合区段中，具有相对低温的冷却剂导入到壳体之间并且混合。
附图说明
结合附图根据以下的详细说明将会更清楚地理解本公开的上述以及其它目标、特征和优点，其中：
图1是示出根据本公开的实施方式的用于电动车的冷却剂加热装置的视图；
图2是沿图1的线A-A的截面图；
图3是示出图1的多个护套加热器的视图；
图4是示出图1的第一通道管的视图；
图5是示出图1的第二通道管的视图；且
图6是示出图1的外管的视图。
具体实施方式
在下文中将参照附图描述根据本公开的优选实施方式的用于电动车的冷却剂加热装置。
图1是示出根据本公开的实施方式的用于电动车的冷却剂加热装置的视图。图2是沿图1的线A-A的截面图。图3是示出图1的多个护套加热器100的视图。图4是示出图1的第一通道管300的视图。图5是示出图1的第二通道管500的视图。图6是示出图1的外管700的视图。
如图1和图2所示，根据本公开的实施方式的用于电动车的冷却剂加热装置包括在其中心侧以线圈形式形成的护套加热器100，一个或多个内管300和500，其中一个在其一侧形成有用于冷却剂导入的进口310。
内管300和500布置为围绕护套加热器100或被护套加热器100围绕，并且具有形成在其各自的外周表面上从而使导入至进口310的冷却剂经通孔330和510排出的多个通孔330和510，上述冷却剂加热装置还包括外管700，其围绕护套加热器100以及内管300和500、并且在其一侧形成有出口710从而使由护套加热器100加热的冷却剂经内管300和500的通孔330和510导入然后经出口710排出。
具体地，内管300和500可以包括第一通道管300和第二通道管500，该第一通道管300插入到护套加热器100中并且具有在其一侧形成的进口310以及在其外周表面上形成的用于冷却剂排出的多个第一通孔330，该第二通道管500围绕护套加热器100并且具有形成在其外周表面上用于将经第一通孔330导入的冷却剂排出至外管700的多个第二通孔510。尽管在本公开的实施方式中内管300和500被图示和描述为第一和第二通道管300和500，但是本公开内容不特别限于此。例如，内管的数目可以取决于环境或设计而改变。
如图3所示，护套加热器100由线材形成，并且具体地以线圈形式形成以在其中具有插入空间110。为了更有效地加热冷却剂，护套加热器100可以由彼此间隔开的多个护套加热器组成。
如图4所示，第一通道管300具有管状形状，进口310形成在第一通道管300的一侧，用于将冷却剂导入到第一通道管300中，并且第一通道管300的另一侧封闭。第一通孔330形成在第一通道管300的外周表面上。第一通道管300插入到护套加热器100的插入空间110中。第一通孔330在第一通道管300的纵向方向上彼此间隔开，并且具有从进口侧向其对侧增加的直径。或者，第一通孔330在冷却剂的流动方向上彼此间隔开，并且具有在冷却剂的流动方向的下游增加的直径。
通过按如上所述那样形成第一通孔330，经进口310导入的冷却剂通过第一通道管300的第一通孔330排出到第二通道管500，同时冷却剂通过第一通道管300中的压力差从第一通道管300的一侧向其另一侧流动，结果形成了第一流动910。
如图5所示，第二通道管500具有管状形状，在其一侧形成有用于第一通道管300的进口310插入的开口，并且第二通道管500的另一侧封闭。第二通孔510形成在第二通道管500的外周表面上。第二通道管500形成为围绕第一通道管300和护套加热器100。由此，经第一通道管300的第一通孔330排出的冷却剂被导入到第二通道管500中。第二通孔510在第二通道管500的纵向方向上彼此间隔开，并且具有从第一通道管300的进口310的对侧向进口侧增加的直径。或者，第二通孔510在冷却剂的流动方向上彼此间隔开，并且具有在冷却剂的流动方向的下游增加的直径。
通过按如上所述那样形成第二通孔510，经第一通道管300的第一通孔330导入的冷却剂经由第二通道管500的第二通孔510排出到外管700，同时冷却剂通过第二通道管500中的压差从第二通道管500的另一侧流向其一侧，结果形成第二流动930。具体地，进口310形成在第一通道管300的一侧，并且出口710形成在外管700的另一侧，从而进口310和出口710布置在相反的方向上。
如图6所示，外管700与第二通道管500间隔开，并且形成为围绕第二通道管500。外管700具有形成为用于露出护套加热器100的线圈形状末端部的通孔730。外管700具有在其一侧形成的用于进口310插入的开口，出口710形成在外管700的另一侧，用于将经由第二通道管500的第二通孔510导入的冷却剂排出。由此，形成了其中经第二通道管500的第二通孔510导入的冷却剂从外管700的一侧向其另一侧流动的第三流动950，从而冷却剂通过出口710排出。
参照图2将详细描述冷却剂的流动。首先，根据本公开实施方式的用于电动车的冷却剂加热装置被配置为使得第一通道管300插入到护套加热器100中，护套加热器100和第一通道管300插入到第二通道管500中，第二通道管500插入到外管700中，并且护套加热器100的两端通过第二通道管500和外管700暴露在外部，用于电连接。
因此，在冷却剂加热期间当具有相对较低温度的冷却剂被导入第一通道管300的进口310时，通过在其进口侧第一通孔330具有的相对较小直径产生流动阻力，从而当冷却剂从第一通道管300的一侧向其另一侧流动时形成第一流动910，并且冷却剂的一部分通过第一通孔330排出。在这种情况下，冷却剂通过护套加热器100加热。
当经第一通孔330排出到第二通道管500的冷却剂，通过在出口侧处第二通孔510具有的相对较小的直径而产生的流动阻力从第二通道管500的一侧流动至其另一侧时(例如，与第一流动910的相反方向)，形成第二流动930，并且冷却剂的一部分通过第二通孔排出。在这种情况下，冷却剂通过护套加热器100加热。
此外，当经第二通孔510排出到外管700的冷却剂沿外管700流动时，形成第三流动950，并且加热的冷却剂最终排出到出口710。
在这种情况下，通过位于第一流动910上游处的第一通孔330排出的冷却剂在形成于第二通道管500中的第二流动930的下游点处混合。由于在第一流动910中通过第一通孔330排出的冷却剂与第二流动930中的冷却剂相比具有相对较低的温度，因此可以防止冷却剂过热。类似地，通过位于第二流动930上游处的第二通孔510排出的冷却剂在形成于外管700中的第三流动950的下游点处混合。由于在第二流动930中通过第二通孔510排出的冷却剂与第三流动950中的冷却剂相比具有相对较低的温度，因此可以防止冷却剂过热。
根据本公开的实施方式的用于电动车的冷却剂加热装置，可以通过由形成在每个通道管中的多个通孔引起的冷却剂流动中产生的阻力，增加与护套加热器100热传递的时间，并且通过控制冷却剂的流动模式以使每个护套加热器100的增温负载变均匀。此外，由于通过形成其中具有相对较低温度的冷却剂被引入到壳体并在其间混合的冷却剂混合区段，对护套加热器100提供了均匀负载，冷却剂加热装置可通过防止过热而具有优异的安全性，并通过护套加热器100的效率提高而具有高性能。
尽管为了示意性的目的已经公开了本公开的优选实施方式，但是本领域技术人员将认识到，在不背离所附权利要求公开的本公开的范围和精神的情况下，可以进行各种修改、添加和替换。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于电动车的冷却剂加热装置，包括：
在所述冷却剂加热装置的中心侧以线圈形式形成的护套加热器；
一个或多个内管，其中一个具有在一侧形成的用于冷却剂引入的进口，所述一个或多个内管布置为围绕所述护套加热器或被护套加热器围绕，并且所述一个或多个内管具有在各自的外周表面上形成的多个通孔，从而使引入到所述进口的冷却剂经所述通孔排出；以及
外管，所述外管围绕所述护套加热器和所述一个或多个内管并且在一侧形成有出口，从而使经所述护套加热器加热的冷却剂经由所述一个或多个内管的通孔引入然后经所述出口排出。
2.根据权利要求1所述的冷却剂加热装置，其中所述一个或多个内管包括：
第一通道管，其插入到所述护套加热器中，并且具有在一侧形成的进口和在外周表面上形成的用于冷却剂排出的多个第一通孔；以及第二通道管，其围绕所述护套加热器并且具有形成在外周表面上的用于将经所述第一通孔引入的冷却剂排出到所述外管的多个第二通孔。
3.根据权利要求2所述的冷却剂加热装置，其中所述进口形成在所述第一通道管的一侧，所述出口形成在所述外管的另一侧，所述进口和所述出口布置在相对侧。
4.根据权利要求2所述的冷却剂加热装置，其中所述多个第一通孔在所述第一通道管的纵向方向上彼此间隔开，并且具有从所述进口到其相对侧增加的直径。
5.根据权利要求2所述的冷却剂加热装置，其中所述多个第一通孔在冷却剂的流动方向上彼此间隔开，并且具有在冷却剂的流动方向的下游增加的直径。
6.根据权利要求2所述的冷却剂加热装置，其中所述多个第二通孔在所述第二通道管的纵向方向上彼此间隔开，并且具有从所述第一通道管的所述进口的相对侧向所述进口增加的直径。
7.根据权利要求2所述的冷却剂加热装置，其中所述多个第二通孔在冷却剂的流动方向上彼此间隔开，并且具有在冷却剂的流动方向的下游增加的直径。
8.根据权利要求2所述的冷却剂加热装置，其中：
所述多个第一通孔在所述第一通道管的纵向方向上彼此间隔开并且具有从所述进口到其相对侧增加的直径，从而形成第一流动，在所述第一流动中引入到所述进口的冷却剂从所述进口向其相对侧流动，
所述多个第二通孔在所述第二通道管的纵向方向上彼此间隔开并且具有从所述进口的相对侧向所述进口增加的直径，从而形成第二流动，在所述第二流动中通过所述第一通孔引入至所述第二通道管的冷却剂在与所述第一流动相反的方向流动，并且
形成第三流动，在所述第三流动中通过所述第二通孔引入所述外管的冷却剂通过所述出口排出。
9.根据权利要求8所述的冷却剂加热装置，其中通过位于所述第一流动的上游点处的所述第一通道管的所述第一通孔引入的相对低温的冷却剂在所述第二流动的下游点混合，从而防止冷却剂过热。
10.根据权利要求8所述的冷却剂加热装置，其中通过位于所述第二流动的上游点处的所述第二通道管的所述第二通孔引入的相对低温的冷却剂在所述第三流动的下游点混合，从而防止冷却剂过热。
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