CN109369156B - 一种基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109369156B
CN109369156B CN201811271518.3A CN201811271518A CN109369156B CN 109369156 B CN109369156 B CN 109369156B CN 201811271518 A CN201811271518 A CN 201811271518A CN 109369156 B CN109369156 B CN 109369156B
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徐义彪
李亚伟
桑绍柏
王庆虎
朱天彬
戴亚洁
梁雄
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料及其制备方法。其技术方案是:将100质量份的水氯镁石、1~15质量份的八水氯氧化锆细粉、1~10质量份的氯化铝细粉、1~10质量份氯化铬细粉和0.1~0.5质量份的氯化钇细粉混合,加水至浓度为2~6mol/L,得到混合溶液。再向所述混合溶液中通入氨气至pH为8~10,于pH为8~10和40~60℃条件下陈化0.5~3.0小时,过滤,干燥,在700~900℃条件下保温2~6小时,得到氧化物细粉。然后将所述氧化物细粉成球,干燥,于1500~1700℃条件下保温1~4小时,冷却,破碎,筛分,制得基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料。本发明所制制品具有质量稳定、强度高、抗水化性能好、抗热震性能优异和抗熔渣渗透性能优良的特点。

Description

一种基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于镁砂骨料技术领域。具体涉及一种基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着我国经济的快速发展,建筑、汽车、机械制造和石油等工业对所用钢材的质量要求越来越高,使用高品质洁净钢的设备日益增多。由于钢水冶炼、运输到浇铸过程中始终与耐火材料接触,该耐火材料可能发生机械侵蚀、化学反应及吸附现象,从而影响钢液的洁净度,特别是钢包及中间包冶金用耐火材料对钢水质量有很重要的影响。研究表明,镁质耐火材料对炉渣和钢液具有很好的化学稳定性,不但对钢水的二次污染较少,且在冶炼过程中可以起到脱硫、脱磷及脱氧等作用,是纯净钢冶炼用理想的耐火材料。
镁质耐火材料所用的主要原料镁砂基本为通过煅烧菱镁矿获得,由于菱镁矿品位差别较大,导致生产出的镁砂质量难以稳定。此外,现阶段生产的镁砂均为单一的方镁石相和极少量的硅钙杂质相组成,由于方镁石易于水化且热膨胀系数较高,导致生产的镁质耐火材料体积稳定性和抗热震性能较差。再者,高温下熔渣容易沿着镁砂的含杂质相晶界渗透,导致镁质耐火材料在使用过程中产生结构剥落。
发明内容
本发明旨在克服现有技术缺陷,目的是提供一种质量稳定、强度高、抗水化性能好、抗热震性能优异和抗熔渣渗透性能优良的基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
步骤一、将100质量份的水氯镁石、1~15质量份的八水氯氧化锆细粉、1~10质量份的氯化铝细粉、1~10质量份氯化铬细粉和0.1~0.5质量份的氯化钇细粉混合,加水至浓度为2~6mol/L,得到混合溶液。
步骤二、向所述混合溶液中通入氨气至pH为8~10,再于pH为8~10和40~60℃条件下陈化0.5~3.0小时,过滤,干燥,得到氢氧化物细粉。
步骤三、将所述氢氧化物细粉在700~900℃条件下保温2~6小时,得到氧化物细粉;再将所述氧化物细粉成球,干燥,然后于1500~1700℃条件下保温1~4小时,冷却,破碎,筛分,制得基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料。
所述水氯镁石为提取钾、锂和硼元素后的盐湖卤水经浓缩和结晶得到的六水氯化镁;所述水氯镁石的化学成分是:Mg>11.2wt%,Cl>33.5wt%。
所述八水氯氧化锆细粉的ZrOCl2·8H2O含量>98wt%;所述八水氯氧化锆细粉的粒度小于200μm。
所述氯化铝细粉的AlCl3含量大于98wt%;所述氯化铝细粉的粒度小于200μm。
所述氯化铬细粉的CrCl3含量大于97wt%;所述氯化铬细粉的粒度小于100μm。
所述氯化钇细粉的YCl3含量大于98wt%;所述氯化钇细粉的粒度小于200μm。
由于采用上述技术方案,本发明与现有技术相比具有如下积极效果:
本发明制备的基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料(以下简称镁砂骨料)的氧化物前躯体采用溶液法合成,通过精确控制原料配比和制备工艺,能保证镁砂骨料结构均匀及质量稳定。本发明成球用氧化物细粉中的MgO、ZrO2、Al2O3、Cr2O3及Y2O3是由煅烧相应的氢氧化物细粉获得,粒径细小,活性很高,使得高温烧成后的镁砂骨料可以获得高的致密性,进而保证镁砂骨料具备高的强度及抗水化性能。
本发明在高温烧成过程中,Al2O3和Cr2O3会与MgO反应,在骨料内生成韧性好的镁铝尖晶石和镁铬尖晶石,赋予镁砂骨料优良的抗热震性能;Y2O3固溶于ZrO2形成四方ZrO2弥散于骨料内部,可以进一步提高镁砂骨料的抗热震性能。此外,部分ZrO2及生成的尖晶石相会分布于MgO晶界处,强化MgO晶界,有效提高镁砂骨料的抗水化性能,减缓高温熔渣对镁砂骨料的渗透作用。且ZrO2及尖晶石可以与渗入晶界的熔渣反应,在镁砂骨料表面生成高熔点的物质,阻止熔渣的进一步渗透及侵蚀。
本发明所制备的基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料经检测:显气孔率为1.5~5.0%;平均孔径为4.0~14.0μm;体积密度为3.52~3.62g/cm3;热膨胀系数为5.5×10-6~8.0×10-6/℃;断裂韧性为9.5~13.0Mpa·m0.5
因此,本发明所制备的基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料具有质量稳定、强度高、抗水化性能好、抗热震性能优异和抗熔渣渗透性能优良的特点。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的描述,并非对其保护范围的限制。
为避免重复,先将本具体实施方式所涉及的原料技术参数统一描述如下,具体实施例中不再赘述:
所述水氯镁石为提取钾、锂和硼元素后的盐湖卤水经浓缩和结晶得到的六水氯化镁;所述水氯镁石的化学成分是:Mg>11.2wt%,Cl>33.5wt%。
所述八水氯氧化锆细粉的ZrOCl2·8H2O含量>98wt%;所述八水氯氧化锆细粉的粒度小于200μm。
所述氯化铝细粉的AlCl3含量大于98wt%;所述氯化铝细粉的粒度小于200μm。
所述氯化铬细粉的CrCl3含量大于97wt%;所述氯化铬细粉的粒度小于100μm。
所述氯化钇细粉的YCl3含量大于98wt%;所述氯化钇细粉的粒度小于200μm。
实施例1
一种基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料及其制备方法。本实施例所述制备方法是:
步骤一、将100质量份的水氯镁石、1~5质量份的八水氯氧化锆细粉、5~10质量份的氯化铝细粉、1~5质量份氯化铬细粉和0.1~0.5质量份的氯化钇细粉混合,加水至浓度为2~6mol/L,得到混合溶液。
步骤二、向所述混合溶液中通入氨气至pH为8~10,再于pH为8~10和40~50℃条件下陈化0.5~1.5小时,过滤,干燥,得到氢氧化物细粉。
步骤三、将所述氢氧化物细粉在700~800℃条件下保温2~4小时,得到氧化物细粉;再将所述氧化物细粉成球,干燥,然后于1500~1600℃条件下保温1~3小时,冷却,破碎,筛分,制得基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料。
本实施例1所制备的基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料经检测:显气孔率为3.0~5.0%;平均孔径为4.0~8.0μm;体积密度为3.52~3.56g/cm3;热膨胀系数为5.5×10-6~6.5×10-6/℃;断裂韧性为9.5~11.5Mpa·m0.5
实施例2
一种基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料及其制备方法。本实施例所述制备方法是:
步骤一、将100质量份的水氯镁石、5~10质量份的八水氯氧化锆细粉、1~5质量份的氯化铝细粉、5~10质量份氯化铬细粉和0.1~0.5质量份的氯化钇细粉混合,加水至浓度为2~6mol/L,得到混合溶液。
步骤二、向所述混合溶液中通入氨气至pH为8~10,再于pH为8~10和50~60℃条件下陈化1.5~2.5小时,过滤,干燥,得到氢氧化物细粉。
步骤三、将所述氢氧化物细粉在800~900℃条件下保温4~6小时,得到氧化物细粉;再将所述氧化物细粉成球,干燥,然后于1600~1700℃条件下保温2~4小时,冷却,破碎,筛分,制得基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料。
本实施例2所制备的基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料经检测:显气孔率为2.5~4.5%;平均孔径为6.0~10.0μm;体积密度为3.54~3.58g/cm3;热膨胀系数为6.0×10-6~7.0×10-6/℃;断裂韧性为10.5~12.5Mpa·m0.5
实施例3
一种基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料及其制备方法。本实施例所述制备方法是:
步骤一、将100质量份的水氯镁石、10~15质量份的八水氯氧化锆细粉、3~8质量份的氯化铝细粉、3~8质量份氯化铬细粉和0.1~0.5质量份的氯化钇细粉混合,加水至浓度为2~6mol/L,得到混合溶液。
步骤二、向所述混合溶液中通入氨气至pH为8~10,再于pH为8~10和45~55℃条件下陈化2.0~3.0小时,过滤,干燥,得到氢氧化物细粉。
步骤三、将所述氢氧化物细粉在750~850℃条件下保温3~5小时,得到氧化物细粉;再将所述氧化物细粉成球,干燥,然后于1550~1650℃条件下保温2~4小时,冷却,破碎,筛分,制得基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料。
本实施例3所制备的基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料经检测:显气孔率为2.0~4.0%;平均孔径为8.0~12.0μm;体积密度为3.56~3.60g/cm3;热膨胀系数为6.5×10-6~7.5×10-6/℃;断裂韧性为10.0~12.0Mpa·m0.5
实施例4
一种基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料及其制备方法。本实施例所述制备方法是:
步骤一、将100质量份的水氯镁石、8~13质量份的八水氯氧化锆细粉、2~7质量份的氯化铝细粉、4~9质量份氯化铬细粉和0.1~0.5质量份的氯化钇细粉混合,加水至浓度为2~6mol/L,得到混合溶液。
步骤二、向所述混合溶液中通入氨气至pH为8~10,再于pH为8~10和45~55℃条件下陈化1.0~2.0小时,过滤,干燥,得到氢氧化物细粉。
步骤三、将所述氢氧化物细粉在750~850℃条件下保温3~5小时,得到氧化物细粉;再将所述氧化物细粉成球,干燥,然后于1600~1700℃条件下保温1~3小时,冷却,破碎,筛分,制得基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料。
本实施例4所制备的基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料经检测:显气孔率为1.5~3.5%;平均孔径为10.0~14.0μm;体积密度为3.58~3.62g/cm3;热膨胀系数为7.0×10-6~8.0×10-6/℃;断裂韧性为11.0~13.0Mpa·m0.5
本具体实施方式与现有技术相比具有如下积极效果:
本具体实施方式制备的基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料(以下简称镁砂骨料)的氧化物前躯体采用溶液法合成,通过精确控制原料配比和制备工艺,能保证镁砂骨料结构均匀及质量稳定。本具体实施方式成球用氧化物细粉中的MgO、ZrO2、Al2O3、Cr2O3及Y2O3是由煅烧相应的氢氧化物细粉获得,粒径细小,活性很高,使得高温烧成后的镁砂骨料可以获得高的致密性,进而保证镁砂骨料具备高的强度及抗水化性能。
本具体实施方式在高温烧成过程中,Al2O3和Cr2O3会与MgO反应,在骨料内生成韧性好的镁铝尖晶石和镁铬尖晶石,赋予镁砂骨料优良的抗热震性能;Y2O3固溶于ZrO2形成四方ZrO2弥散于骨料内部,可以进一步提高镁砂骨料的抗热震性能。此外,部分ZrO2及生成的尖晶石相会分布于MgO晶界处,强化MgO晶界,有效提高镁砂骨料的抗水化性能,减缓高温熔渣对镁砂骨料的渗透作用。且ZrO2及尖晶石可以与渗入晶界的熔渣反应,在镁砂骨料表面生成高熔点的物质,阻止熔渣的进一步渗透及侵蚀。
本具体实施方式所制备的基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料经检测:显气孔率为1.5~5.0%;平均孔径为4.0~14.0μm;体积密度为3.52~3.62g/cm3;热膨胀系数为5.5×10-6~8.0×10-6/℃;断裂韧性为9.5~13.0Mpa·m0.5
因此,本具体实施方式所制备的基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料具有质量稳定、强度高、抗水化性能好、抗热震性能优异和抗熔渣渗透性能优良的特点。

Claims (7)

1.一种基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料的制备方法,其特征在于所述制备方法是:
步骤一、将100质量份的水氯镁石、1~15质量份的八水氯氧化锆细粉、1~10质量份的氯化铝细粉、1~10质量份氯化铬细粉和0.1~0.5质量份的氯化钇细粉混合,加水至浓度为2~6mol/L,得到混合溶液;
步骤二、向所述混合溶液中通入氨气至pH为8~10,再于pH为8~10和40~60℃条件下陈化0.5~3.0小时,过滤,干燥,得到氢氧化物细粉;
步骤三、将所述氢氧化物细粉在700~900℃条件下保温2~6小时,得到氧化物细粉;再将所述氧化物细粉成球,干燥,然后于1500~1700℃条件下保温1~4小时,冷却,破碎,筛分,制得基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料的制备方法,其特征在于所述水氯镁石为提取钾、锂和硼元素后的盐湖卤水经浓缩和结晶得到的六水氯化镁;所述水氯镁石的化学成分是:Mg>11.2wt%,Cl>33.5wt%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料的制备方法,其特征在于所述八水氯氧化锆细粉的ZrOCl2·8H2O含量>98wt%;所述八水氯氧化锆细粉的粒度小于200μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料的制备方法,其特征在于所述氯化铝细粉的AlCl3含量大于98wt%;所述氯化铝细粉的粒度小于200μm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料的制备方法,其特征在于所述氯化铬细粉的CrCl3含量大于97wt%;所述氯化铬细粉的粒度小于100μm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料的制备方法,其特征在于所述氯化钇细粉的YCl3含量大于98wt%;所述氯化钇细粉的粒度小于200μm。
7.一种基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料,其特征在于所述基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料是根据权利要求1~6项中任一项所述的基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料的制备方法所制备的基于盐湖卤水的镁砂骨料。
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