CN109362275B - Ecological blanket based on seed coating technology - Google Patents
Ecological blanket based on seed coating technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN109362275B CN109362275B CN201811299409.2A CN201811299409A CN109362275B CN 109362275 B CN109362275 B CN 109362275B CN 201811299409 A CN201811299409 A CN 201811299409A CN 109362275 B CN109362275 B CN 109362275B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D5/00—Fertilisers containing magnesium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Abstract
The invention discloses the application of the coated seeds in the ecological blanket for the first time, and the invention obtains good effects of overcoming external water shortage, plant diseases and insect pests, and the phenomenon that the suspended seeds or the uneven part of the field are not close to the soil; the invention also improves the coating components of the coated seeds in a targeted manner, the bonding strength among substances in the coating layer can be enhanced by adding the plant fibers in the coating layer, the coating layer is effectively prevented from falling off, and the high-temperature resistance of the coated seeds is realized by introducing the aerogel in the coating layer; in addition, the invention also provides an ecological blanket with an optimized structure, and the ecological blanket does not contain nutrient matrixes such as soil and the like, is convenient to transport and install and has a wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of application of coated seeds in an ecological blanket, and particularly relates to an ecological blanket based on a seed coating technology.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, the construction of roads, railways and other traffic roads all over the country, the excavation of mines, the development of real estate manufacturers and the like damages the ecological environment of the mountain, a large amount of open land is formed, and various environmental problems such as the original damage of surface vegetation, water and soil loss, debris flow, landslide and the like are caused, so the open land becomes a problem which is paid much attention in the field of ecological restoration.
Chinese patent No. CN201310193555.8 relates to a drought-resistant coating agent for controlling seed germination, a coated seed and a preparation method thereof, wherein the coating agent mainly comprises an inner layer coating agent (water-retaining layer), a middle layer coating agent (buffer layer) and an outer layer coating (water-controlling layer). The water retention layer contains a water retention agent, and can play a role in storing water and storing water; the buffer layer enables the surface of the water-retaining layer to be smooth and round on one hand so as to facilitate the coating of the water control layer, and on the other hand, a small amount of water penetrating through the water control layer can be absorbed due to the water-soluble property of the buffer layer; the water control layer can not be dissolved in water but can swell, and the pore size of a pore passage through which water passes is controlled, so that the water entering is controlled. When the rainfall is small and is not enough to meet the requirement that the seeds germinate into seedlings, trace moisture penetrates through the water control layer and then is absorbed by the buffer layer and the water retention layer without entering the seeds; when the rainfall is abundant, a large amount of water penetrates through the water control layer, the buffer layer is completely corroded at the moment, and the water-retaining agent rapidly swells after absorbing water, so that the water control layer is burst, the seeds begin to absorb water and germinate, and the seeds can successfully grow into seedlings under the action of the water-retaining agent. The coated seed has no impact and extrusion resistance, and is easy to damage during transportation.
Chinese CN201510720860.7 patent relates to the field of desertification control, in particular to a coated seed for desert control and a preparation method thereof, which is characterized in that the exterior of the seed is coated with a matrix layer, a coating layer and a protective layer in sequence, wherein the matrix layer comprises a soil conditioner, a biological organic fertilizer and planting soil, and the coating layer comprises gamma-polyglutamic acid with the molecular weight of 2-6 ten thousand, rooting powder and gamma-polyglutamic acid with the molecular weight of 30-100 ten thousand. The soil conditioner adopted by the matrix layer is combined with the biological organic fertilizer, so that the germination rate of seeds can be improved, and the soil problem of desert can be improved; the biological water-retaining agent of the coating layer uses gamma-polyglutamic acid with different molecular weights, the water-retaining capacity of the gamma-polyglutamic acid and the slow-release action of hydrogel formed after water absorption, and rooting powder is mixed on the basis, so that the survival rate of the desert xerophyte is greatly improved; the outer layer of the protective layer is a root control container, and the aperture of the root control container can not only enable seeds to grow out, but also play a role in protecting in the aerial flying process. The coating layer can not play a role in heat insulation, and seeds are easy to deteriorate in a hot environment, so that the germination rate of the seeds is low.
The existing ecological blanket is generally wrapped by common grass seeds, and the influence of external adverse factors such as external water shortage, plant diseases and insect pests, suspended ecological blanket or uneven field part seeds not close to soil and the like can not be overcome when the common grass seeds are applied to the ecological blanket; the conventional coated seeds treated by the coating technology do not have high-temperature resistance, and the coated seeds are placed in an ecological blanket, so that the seeds are easy to deteriorate in hot weather, and the germination rate is reduced; the coating layer of the existing coated seed has low strength and does not have the capabilities of extrusion resistance and impact resistance, and the coating layer is easy to fall off and the seed is easy to damage when the coating layer is applied to an ecological blanket in the transportation and installation processes of the ecological blanket. Therefore, it is urgently needed to design an ecological blanket based on seed coating technology to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provide an ecological blanket based on a seed coating technology. The invention applies the coated seeds to the ecological blanket for the first time based on the problems of the prior art, and achieves the technical effect of overcoming the influence of external adverse factors such as external water shortage, plant diseases and insect pests, suspension or uneven field parts, and the like, wherein the seeds are not close to soil; the strength of the seed coating is enhanced through the outer coating agent, the seeds are prevented from being damaged by external acting force, meanwhile, the vegetable fibers can enhance the bonding strength among substances, and the coating layer can be effectively prevented from falling off; the middle layer coating agent enables the coated seeds to have heat insulation performance, and prevents the seeds from being influenced in a hot environment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides application of coated seeds in an ecological blanket.
The seeds treated by the coating technology are applied to the ecological blanket, so that the influence of external adverse factors which cannot be overcome by agricultural coated seeds, such as external water shortage, plant diseases and insect pests, suspended seeds or uneven seeds on the ground and the like, can be overcome; greatly improving the survival rate.
An ecological blanket based on seed coating technique, from the bottom up includes in proper order: the seed setting net comprises a setting net bottom layer, a seed fixing layer, a seed layer, a plant fiber layer and a setting net surface layer; the seed fixed layer comprises a water permeable sheet layer and an anti-slip structure arranged on the surface of the water permeable sheet layer and used for preventing seeds from moving, the seed layer comprises coating seeds processed by a seed coating technology, and the sizing net bottom layer and the sizing net surface layer are both of a net structure.
According to the invention, seeds are treated by adopting a seed coating technology to obtain coated seeds, the seed fixing layer is laid on the bottom layer of the shaping net, and then the coated seeds are laid on the seed fixing layer, wherein the seed fixing layer comprises a water permeable sheet layer and an anti-skid structure, and the anti-skid structure can prevent the problem of uneven plants caused by movement of the seeds in the processes of transportation, installation and the like; the ecological blanket structure generally comprises a growth substrate layer, on one hand, nutrition is provided for seeds, on the other hand, the ecological blanket structure is mixed with the seeds to prevent the seeds from falling off, the ecological blanket has no growth substrate layer, and the water permeable sheet layer has certain strength, can play a role in supporting the seeds, has strong water permeability and can ensure the normal growth of the seeds; the plant fiber layer is prepared from natural plant fibers, has the function of locking water, and can prevent seeds from being damaged by rain water or river water; the structure of the ecological blanket is set according to the specific characteristics of the coated seeds, and is suitable for the application of the coated seeds in the ecological blanket. According to the ecological blanket product based on the seed coating technology, an additional growth matrix layer is not required, so that the ecological blanket product is small in thickness and convenient to store, transport and install; the seeds are installed inside the ecological blanket in the production process, so that the construction requirements of factory production, assembly type construction and rapid greening can be met; compared with similar products in the market, the method has the advantages of simple construction mode, high construction efficiency, low requirement on site flatness, low maintenance requirement, high lawn forming speed, stable lawn forming quality and the like.
The outer wall of the coated seed is wrapped with natural adhesive, and the coated seeds are bonded together through the natural adhesive to form a coated seed layer with adhesive property. The seed coating layer has adhesive property, can be well combined with the anti-skidding structure on the seed fixing layer, prevents the seeds from moving, and avoids the condition of non-uniformity of plants.
A plurality of fixing rods are symmetrically arranged on the surface layer of the shaping net, and a plurality of clamping grooves used for clamping the fixing rods are arranged on the bottom layer of the shaping net; the fixed rod comprises a connecting rod with one end installed on the bottom surface of the shaping net surface layer and a cone installed at the bottom of the connecting rod. The fixed rod penetrates through each layer of the fiber curtain, and the cone is clamped in the clamping groove, so that each layer is fixed together, and relative displacement between each layer is prevented.
The shaping net surface layer is of a grid structure consisting of a framework, the framework is a round pipe with a hollow structure, the inside of the round pipe is filled with sponge, and water holes are uniformly distributed in the upper surface and the lower surface of the framework.
Will design net top layer comprises the pipe, and the sponge is filled in the pipe, can play certain water retaining effect under the sufficient condition of rainwater, can make water slowly release, alleviates the condition of seed lack of water.
The water permeable sheet layer is one of non-woven fabric and synthetic fiber paper.
The anti-slip structure is a grid structure adhered to the surface of the water-permeable sheet layer.
The anti-slip structure is bulges uniformly distributed on the surface of the water-permeable sheet layer.
The lamella that permeates water not only has better water permeability, still has certain intensity, can fix the seed inside the fibre curtain, built suitable microenvironment for the seed germination stage, can not hinder the seed root simultaneously and need break through the lamella that permeates water and soil contact.
The bottom layer and the surface layer of the sizing net are made of PP materials, and the size of pores is 1 multiplied by 1cm-5 multiplied by 5 cm.
The plant fiber layer comprises one or more of straw and coconut fiber. The straw and the coconut fiber are circular economic products, which is beneficial to reducing straw burning, protecting the environment and promoting the income increase of farmers.
The thickness of the fiber curtain is 1-3 cm. Convenient for transportation, storage and installation.
The coated seed consists of an inner coating agent, an intermediate coating agent and an outer coating agent. In the agricultural production field, the seed after seed coating agent parcel is directly planted in soil, soil further wraps up the capsule seed, the capsule layer can promote the seed to sprout and grow under the condition of sufficient moisture, the seed can play the effect of certain isolated high temperature under the protection of soil, in addition, agricultural seed is planted in soil, soil has certain parcel and guard action to the capsule seed, make its active ingredient of capsule layer shedding still can act on the seed promptly, can play certain effect that prevents the active ingredient and run off. The coated seeds act on the ecological blanket, the ecological blanket does not contain nutrient matrixes such as soil and the like, and the seeds are required to have high temperature resistance when the ecological blanket acts on the fields of highway side slopes, river side slopes, reservoir side slopes, mine greening, desert control and the like; in addition, in the transportation and installation process of the ecological blanket, the coated seeds in the ecological blanket are greatly influenced by external force, and the coating layer of the coated seeds can resist the external force to prevent the coated seeds from falling off, so that the seeds can be ensured to sprout.
The outer coating agent comprises an animal repellent, attapulgite clay, talcum powder and plant fiber; the plant fiber is used for preventing the seeds from being damaged by extrusion and collision in the transportation and installation processes of the ecological blanket.
The plant fibers are added into the outer coating agent, have certain strength and are criss-crossed in the outer coating agent, so that a net structure with certain strength can be formed, and the problem that the ecological blanket is damaged by external force such as collision or extrusion of coated seeds in the processes of transportation, installation and the like is solved; meanwhile, the net structure can enhance the bonding strength among substances and can effectively prevent the coating layer from falling off; the plant fiber is degradable and can be used as a nutrient substance to promote the growth of seeds in the growth and germination stages of the seeds.
The weight ratio of the total weight of the animal repellent, the attapulgite clay and the talcum powder to the weight of the plant fiber is 60-70: 30-40.
The middle layer coating agent is silicon dioxide aerogel.
The silica aerogel has the characteristics of high porosity and low density and has good heat insulation effect, and when the ecological blanket is subjected to natural conditions of hot high temperature, water shortage and drought, the aerogel can prevent the internal seeds from being influenced by high temperature, so that the storage environment of the seeds is stable; meanwhile, the silicon dioxide aerogel has the characteristics of looseness and porosity, and when the rainfall is small and is not enough to meet the requirement of seed germination and seedling formation, trace moisture is absorbed by the silicon dioxide aerogel through the outer-layer coating agent and does not enter the seeds; when the rainwater is abundant, a large amount of water can permeate the outer-layer coating agent, and the silicon dioxide aerogel absorbs water to form wet gel, so that a certain water storage effect can be achieved, and the seeds can absorb water and sprout.
The inner coating agent comprises a water-retaining agent, attapulgite clay and talcum powder.
A method for preparing coated seeds for use in ecological blankets, comprising the steps of:
1) respectively crushing the water-retaining agent, the attapulgite clay and the talcum powder to prepare an inner-layer coating agent;
2) tetraethyl orthosilicate is adopted as a silicon source, methyl trimethoxy is adopted as a modifier, absolute ethyl alcohol is adopted as a solvent, and hydrochloric acid and ammonia water are adopted as catalysts to prepare silicon dioxide wet gel which is used as an intermediate layer coating agent;
3) respectively crushing the animal repellent, the attapulgite clay and the talcum powder, and then uniformly mixing the crushed materials with the plant fiber to prepare an outer-layer coating agent;
4) adding ethyl cellulose into ethanol, stirring and dissolving to prepare an adhesive;
5) spraying an adhesive and an inner-layer coating agent into the seeds to be coated, and carrying out inner-layer pelleting treatment to obtain inner-layer coated seeds;
6) spraying a middle layer coating agent into the inner layer coated seeds, and drying at normal temperature and low pressure in an air atmosphere to obtain middle layer coated seeds coated by silica aerogel;
7) spraying adhesive and outer coating agent to the seeds coated in the middle layer, and performing outer layer pelleting coating treatment to obtain the coated seeds.
In the step 6), the weight ratio of the intermediate layer coating agent to the seeds to be coated is 1-5: 100.
in the step 7), the weight ratio of the outer coating agent to the seeds to be coated is 50-200: 100.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method uses the coated seeds in the ecological blanket for the first time, and can overcome the influences of external adverse factors which cannot be overcome by agricultural coated seeds such as external water shortage, suspended seeds or uneven field, high-temperature and drought resistant environment and the like; the survival rate is greatly improved;
(2) the ecological blanket has the advantages that the structural form of the ecological blanket creates a proper microenvironment for the seed germination stage, and the problem of uneven plants caused by movement of seeds in the processes of transportation, installation and the like is prevented; according to the ecological blanket product based on the seed coating technology, an additional growth matrix layer is not required to be added, so that the ecological blanket product is small in thickness and convenient to store, transport and install;
(3) according to the ecological blanket, the plant fibers are added into the outer coating agent, have certain strength and are criss-crossed in the outer coating agent, so that a net-shaped structure with certain strength can be formed, the problem that the ecological blanket is damaged by external force such as collision or extrusion and the like when coating seeds are in transportation, installation and the like can be prevented, meanwhile, the net-shaped structure can enhance the bonding strength among substances, and the coating layer can be effectively prevented from falling off; in addition, the plant fiber is degradable and can be used as a nutrient substance to promote the growth of seeds in the growth and germination stages of the seeds;
(4) according to the invention, the silicon dioxide aerogel used as the middle layer coating agent has a good heat insulation effect, and when the ecological blanket is subjected to natural conditions of hot high temperature, water shortage and drought, the aerogel can prevent the internal seeds from being influenced by the high temperature, so that the storage environment of the seeds is stable; meanwhile, the silicon dioxide aerogel has the characteristics of looseness and porosity, and when the rainfall is small and is not enough for the seeds to sprout and grow seedlings, trace moisture is absorbed by the silicon dioxide aerogel through the outer coating agent and does not enter the seeds; when rainwater is abundant, a large amount of water can permeate the outer-layer coating agent, and the silicon dioxide aerogel absorbs water to form wet gel, so that a certain water storage effect can be achieved, and the seeds can be promoted to absorb water and sprout.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described below clearly and completely, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a use of a coated seed in an ecological blanket, which sequentially comprises, from bottom to top: the seed fixing layer is arranged on the seed layer; the seed fixed layer is in including permeating water the lamella and setting it is used for preventing the anti-skidding structure that the seed removed to permeate water lamella surface, the seed layer includes the capsule seed after handling through seed capsule coating technique, design net bottom and design net top layer are network structure.
The coated seed consists of an inner coating agent, an intermediate coating agent and an outer coating agent. The seeds are grass seeds.
The outer coating agent comprises an animal repellent, attapulgite clay, talcum powder and plant fiber; the plant fiber is used for preventing the seeds from being damaged by extrusion and collision in the transportation and installation processes of the ecological blanket; the weight ratio of the total weight of the animal repellent, the concave-convex stick clay and the talcum powder to the weight of the plant fiber is 60: 40.
the middle layer coating agent is silicon dioxide aerogel,
the inner coating agent comprises a water-retaining agent, attapulgite clay and talcum powder.
The preparation method of the coated seed applied to the ecological blanket comprises the following steps:
1) respectively crushing the water-retaining agent, the attapulgite clay and the talcum powder to prepare water-retaining agent powder with the granularity of more than or equal to 200 meshes, attapulgite clay powder and talcum powder, and preparing an inner-layer coating agent, wherein the weight ratio of the water-retaining agent powder to the attapulgite clay powder to the talcum powder is 2:10:3
2) Tetraethyl orthosilicate is adopted as a silicon source, methyl trimethoxy is adopted as a modifier, absolute ethyl alcohol is adopted as a solvent, and hydrochloric acid and ammonia water are adopted as catalysts to prepare silicon dioxide wet gel which is used as an intermediate layer coating agent;
3) respectively crushing the animal repellent, the attapulgite clay and the talcum powder to prepare animal repellent powder with the granularity of more than or equal to 200 meshes, attapulgite clay powder and talcum powder, then uniformly mixing the animal repellent powder, the attapulgite clay powder and the talcum powder with the plant fibers, wherein the plant fibers are straw fibers, and preparing an outer-layer coating agent; the weight ratio of the animal repellent powder to the attapulgite clay powder to the talcum powder is 3:30:50
4) Adding ethyl cellulose into 95% ethanol, stirring and dissolving to obtain an adhesive; wherein 1.8g of ethyl cellulose is added into each 100mL of ethanol or 18g of ethyl cellulose is added into 1L of ethanol, namely the concentration of the adhesive is 1.8%;
5) putting 100g of seeds in a coating machine, starting a coating agent, spraying the seeds with an adhesive to enable the outer surface of the seeds to be uniformly stained with the adhesive, adding an inner-layer coating agent to enable the inner-layer coating agent to be uniformly attached to the outer surface of the seeds, and then spraying the adhesive and adding the inner-layer coating agent in sequence, and repeating the steps until the planting weight is increased by 50% to obtain inner-layer coated seeds; wherein the volume of adhesive sprayed per time is about 4.5% of the weight of the seeds, i.e. the volume of adhesive sprayed per time per 100g of seeds is 4.5 mL; the weight of the inner coating agent added each time is about 1.5% of the weight of the seeds, namely the volume of the inner coating agent sprayed each time is 1.5g per 100g of the seeds; the ratio of the volume of the added binder to the weight of the inner coating agent is 3: 1; preparing the inner-layer coated seeds with the weight ratio of the inner-layer coating agent to the seeds being 50: 100;
6) spraying a middle-layer coating agent into the inner-layer coated seeds, and drying at normal temperature and low pressure in an air atmosphere to obtain the middle-layer coated seeds coated with the silica aerogel, wherein the weight ratio of the middle-layer coating agent to the seeds to be coated is 3: 100, respectively;
7) spraying the adhesive and the outer coating agent into the middle-layer coated seeds in the same way as the step 5), wherein the weight ratio of the outer coating agent to the seeds is 50:100 to obtain the coated seeds.
Example 2
This example provides the use of coated seeds in an ecological blanket, with the following differences compared to example 1: the outer coating agent comprises an animal repellent, attapulgite clay and talcum powder, and does not contain plant fiber.
Example 3
This example provides the use of coated seeds in an ecological blanket, with the following differences compared to example 1: the middle layer coating agent comprises potassium nitrate, boric acid, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, a plant growth regulator, attapulgite clay and talcum powder which are combined according to the weight ratio of 4:0.2:2:0.05:0.02:60: 30.
The preparation method of the intermediate layer coated seed comprises the following steps: a. respectively crushing potassium nitrate, boric acid, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, a plant growth regulator, attapulgite clay and talcum powder to prepare potassium nitrate powder, boric acid powder, magnesium sulfate powder, zinc sulfate powder, the plant growth regulator, the attapulgite clay powder and talcum powder with the particle size of more than or equal to 200 meshes, and preparing an intermediate layer coating agent; b. the inner layer-coated seeds obtained in step 5) of example 1 were sprayed with a binder and an intermediate layer-coating agent in the same manner as in step 5) of example 1, and the weight ratio of the intermediate layer-coating agent to the seeds was 5:100 to obtain intermediate layer-coated seeds.
Comparative example 1
The coated seeds consist of an inner coating agent, an intermediate coating agent and an outer coating agent; the outer-layer coating agent comprises an animal repellent, attapulgite clay and talcum powder, the middle-layer coating agent comprises potassium nitrate, boric acid, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, a plant growth regulator, attapulgite clay and talcum powder, and the inner-layer coating agent comprises a water-retaining agent, attapulgite clay and talcum powder.
Results testing
And (3) testing the compressive strength: respectively selecting 20 coated seeds prepared in each example and comparative example 1, and measuring the compressive strength by using a DL4 type intelligent particle strength tester; selecting 100 coated seeds prepared in each example, placing the coated seeds in a triangular flask with a plug, placing the triangular flask on an oscillator of 500r/min, oscillating for 10min, and calculating the powder falling rate; the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 statistical table of the results of the quality test of coated seeds
| Categories | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 |
| Compressive strength/g | 832 | 248 | 815 | 158 |
| Rate of fall/%) | 1.4 | 25.4 | 1.7 | 42.8 |
And (3) testing high-temperature resistance: respectively selecting 50 coated seeds prepared in each example and comparative example 1, and uniformly placing the seeds in the ecological blanket of the invention, wherein the size of the ecological blanket is 40 multiplied by 40 cm; treating in a drying box at 70 ℃ for 12h, taking out, watering and cultivating, measuring the survival rate of the seeds after 30 days, and reflecting the survival rate of the seeds according to the density of the plants on the ecological blanket;
comparative example 2: selecting 50 coated seeds prepared in the example 1, uniformly placing the coated seeds in the ecological blanket of the invention, wherein the size of the ecological blanket is 40 multiplied by 40cm, the ecological blanket is used as a comparative example 2, high-temperature treatment is not carried out, watering cultivation is carried out under the same conditions, and the survival rate of the seeds after 30 days is set as 100%;
the survival rate of the plants on the ecological blanket after the high-temperature treatment is obtained by comparing the density with the comparative example, and the result is shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 statistical table of the high temperature resistance test results of the coated seeds
| Categories | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 1 | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 |
| Survival rate | 100％ | 9％ | 90％ | 90％ | 20％ |
The data in table 1 show that the addition of plant fibers to the outer coating agent, which provides the outer coating with a network structure, increases the compressive strength of the coated seeds, and the plant fibers enhance the adhesive strength of the material pieces, thereby effectively preventing the problem that the coating layer of the coated seeds falls off due to external force.
The data in table 2 can obtain that silica aerogel can play better thermal-insulated effect, prevents that high temperature water deficiency environment from causing the damage to the seed.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. The application of the coated seeds in the ecological blanket is characterized in that the coated seeds consist of an inner layer coating agent, an intermediate layer coating agent and an outer layer coating agent; the outer coating agent comprises an animal repellent, attapulgite clay, talcum powder and plant fiber; the plant fiber is used for preventing the seeds from being damaged by extrusion and collision in the transportation and installation processes of the ecological blanket; the middle layer coating agent is silicon dioxide aerogel; the inner coating agent comprises a water-retaining agent, attapulgite clay and talcum powder; the preparation method of the coated seed comprises the following steps:
1) respectively crushing the water-retaining agent, the attapulgite clay and the talcum powder to prepare an inner-layer coating agent;
2) tetraethyl orthosilicate is adopted as a silicon source, methyl trimethoxy is adopted as a modifier, absolute ethyl alcohol is adopted as a solvent, and hydrochloric acid and ammonia water are adopted as catalysts to prepare silicon dioxide wet gel which is used as an intermediate layer coating agent;
3) respectively crushing the animal repellent, the attapulgite clay and the talcum powder, and then uniformly mixing the crushed materials with the plant fiber to prepare an outer-layer coating agent;
4) adding ethyl cellulose into ethanol, stirring and dissolving to prepare an adhesive;
5) spraying an adhesive and an inner-layer coating agent into the seeds to be coated, and carrying out inner-layer pelleting treatment to obtain inner-layer coated seeds;
6) spraying an intermediate layer coating agent into the inner layer coated seeds, and drying at normal temperature and low pressure in an air atmosphere to obtain intermediate layer coated seeds coated by silicon dioxide aerogel; the weight ratio of the middle layer coating agent to the seeds to be coated is 1-5: 100;
7) spraying adhesive and outer coating agent into the middle layer coated seeds, and carrying out outer layer pelleting coating treatment to obtain coated seeds; the weight ratio of the outer coating agent to the seeds to be coated is 50-200: 100.
2. The ecological blanket is characterized by sequentially comprising from bottom to top: the seed setting net comprises a setting net bottom layer, a seed fixing layer, a seed layer, a plant fiber layer and a setting net surface layer; the seed fixing layer comprises a water permeable sheet layer and an anti-skidding structure which is arranged on the surface of the water permeable sheet layer and used for preventing seeds from moving, the water permeable sheet layer is made of non-woven fabrics or synthetic fiber paper, and the anti-skidding structure is bulges uniformly distributed on the surface of the water permeable sheet layer; the seed layer comprises coated seeds treated by a seed coating technology, and the coated seeds consist of an inner coating agent, an intermediate coating agent and an outer coating agent; the outer coating agent comprises an animal repellent, attapulgite clay, talcum powder and plant fiber; the plant fiber is used for preventing the seeds from being damaged by extrusion and collision in the transportation and installation processes of the ecological blanket; the middle layer coating agent is silicon dioxide aerogel; the inner coating agent comprises a water-retaining agent, attapulgite clay and talcum powder; the preparation method of the coated seed comprises the following steps:
1) respectively crushing the water-retaining agent, the attapulgite clay and the talcum powder to prepare an inner-layer coating agent;
2) tetraethyl orthosilicate is adopted as a silicon source, methyl trimethoxy is adopted as a modifier, absolute ethyl alcohol is adopted as a solvent, and hydrochloric acid and ammonia water are adopted as catalysts to prepare silicon dioxide wet gel which is used as an intermediate layer coating agent;
3) respectively crushing the animal repellent, the attapulgite clay and the talcum powder, and then uniformly mixing the crushed materials with the plant fiber to prepare an outer-layer coating agent;
4) adding ethyl cellulose into ethanol, stirring and dissolving to prepare an adhesive;
5) spraying an adhesive and an inner-layer coating agent into the seeds to be coated, and carrying out inner-layer pelleting treatment to obtain inner-layer coated seeds;
6) spraying an intermediate layer coating agent into the inner layer coated seeds, and drying at normal temperature and low pressure in an air atmosphere to obtain intermediate layer coated seeds coated by silicon dioxide aerogel; the weight ratio of the middle layer coating agent to the seeds to be coated is 1-5: 100;
7) spraying adhesive and outer coating agent into the middle layer coated seeds, and carrying out outer layer pelleting coating treatment to obtain coated seeds; the weight ratio of the outer coating agent to the seeds to be coated is 50-200: 100;
the bottom layer and the surface layer of the sizing net are both of a net structure; a plurality of fixing rods are symmetrically arranged on the surface layer of the shaping net, and a plurality of clamping grooves used for clamping the fixing rods are arranged on the bottom layer of the shaping net; the fixing rod comprises a connecting rod with one end arranged on the bottom surface of the shaping net surface layer and a cone arranged at the bottom of the connecting rod; the fixing rod penetrates through all layers of the ecological blanket, and the cone is clamped in the clamping groove; the shaping net surface layer is of a grid structure consisting of a framework, the framework is a round pipe with a hollow structure, the inside of the round pipe is filled with sponge, and water holes are uniformly distributed in the upper surface and the lower surface of the framework.
3. The ecological blanket as claimed in claim 2, wherein the weight ratio of the total weight of the animal repellent, the attapulgite clay and the talcum powder to the weight of the plant fiber is 60-70: 30-40.
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| CN111149468A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-15 | 南京大源生态建设集团有限公司 | Seed swaddle and breeding method thereof |
| CN112385357A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-02-23 | 锡林郭勒职业学院 | Seed coating structure suitable for desertification soil planting |
| CN112830846A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-05-25 | 成都子之源绿能科技有限公司 | Silicon dioxide aerogel slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| EP0134634A2 (en) * | 1983-06-30 | 1985-03-20 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Coated seeds |
| CN1522558A (en) * | 2003-02-17 | 2004-08-25 | 农业技术矢崎株式会社 | Gel-coated seed analog and sweet potato planting method |
| CN103058777A (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-04-24 | 北京林业大学 | Seed coating agent and coated seeds for desert control and aerial seeding, and preparation method of agent |
| CN204206807U (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-03-18 | 武汉橄石代环境资源科技有限公司 | A kind of without matrix landscape ecological blanket |
| CN105263308A (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2016-01-20 | 赢创德固赛有限公司 | Granulated seeds |
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- 2018-11-02 CN CN201811299409.2A patent/CN109362275B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0134634A2 (en) * | 1983-06-30 | 1985-03-20 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Coated seeds |
| CN1522558A (en) * | 2003-02-17 | 2004-08-25 | 农业技术矢崎株式会社 | Gel-coated seed analog and sweet potato planting method |
| CN103058777A (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-04-24 | 北京林业大学 | Seed coating agent and coated seeds for desert control and aerial seeding, and preparation method of agent |
| CN105263308A (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2016-01-20 | 赢创德固赛有限公司 | Granulated seeds |
| CN204206807U (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-03-18 | 武汉橄石代环境资源科技有限公司 | A kind of without matrix landscape ecological blanket |
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