CN109348550B - Electrothermal film, preparation method thereof and electrothermal product - Google Patents
Electrothermal film, preparation method thereof and electrothermal product Download PDFInfo
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- CN109348550B CN109348550B CN201811292400.9A CN201811292400A CN109348550B CN 109348550 B CN109348550 B CN 109348550B CN 201811292400 A CN201811292400 A CN 201811292400A CN 109348550 B CN109348550 B CN 109348550B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/145—Carbon only, e.g. carbon black, graphite
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
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Abstract
The invention provides an electrothermal film, a preparation method thereof and an electrothermal product, and belongs to the technical field of electrothermal films. The electrothermal film comprises a first protective layer, a heating layer and a second protective layer, two bus bars are respectively arranged at two ends of the heating layer, the heating layer is clamped between the first protective layer and the second protective layer, the heating layer is made of conductive ink, the conductive ink comprises low-temperature softening resin and conductive filler, and the softening temperature of the low-temperature softening resin is 70-150 ℃. The preparation method comprises the following steps: and forming a film on the surface of the base material by using conductive ink to obtain the heating layer. And respectively compounding the first protective layer and the second protective layer on two sides of the heating layer to enable the heating layer to be clamped between the first protective layer and the second protective layer. The gap inside the electric heating film prepared by the preparation method is reduced, even no gap exists, and the obtained electric heating product is more stable in heating.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrothermal films, in particular to an electrothermal film, a preparation method thereof and an electrothermal product.
Background
People have continuous pursuit for life with higher quality, and along with the increasing improvement of living standard of people, not only the product is required to meet basic functions, but also the product is required to be more efficient, more environment-friendly, more stable and safer. Compared with traditional low-efficiency, polluted and unsafe combustion heating, the electric heating has the characteristics of high efficiency, environmental protection, safety and the like, and is gradually popularized in recent years. The electric heating products are very various, and the popularization speed of the electric heating film is faster and faster.
The conventional electric heating film is mainly divided into three layers: an upper protective layer, a heating layer and a lower protective layer/base material. The heating layer is mainly made of conductive ink through printing or curing after coating. The two ends of the heating layer are provided with bus bars, the bus bars are used for connecting a power supply and providing voltage, and the bus bars are generally two copper foil strips. Gaps can exist between the heating layer and the copper foil strip and between the heating layer and the protective layer of the traditional product, so that the structure of the electric heating film is unstable. The gaps still exist between the heating layer and the copper foil strip and between the heating layer and the protective layer by increasing the composite pressure, and the problems cannot be effectively solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The first objective of the present invention is to provide an electrothermal film, wherein the gap between the heating layer and the first and second protective layers is reduced or even no gap is left, and the heating is more stable.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the electrothermal film, which is simple, the operation condition is easy to achieve, the gap inside the obtained electrothermal film is reduced, even no gap exists, in the compounding process, the first protective layer and the second protective layer cannot be damaged, and the service life of the heating film is prolonged.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide an electric heating product, which comprises an electric heating film, so that the electric heating product can generate heat more stably and has longer service life.
Based on the first purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
an electrothermal film comprises a first protective layer, a heating layer and a second protective layer, wherein the heating layer is sandwiched between the first protective layer and the second protective layer, the heating layer is made of conductive ink, the conductive ink comprises low-temperature softening resin and conductive filler, and the softening temperature of the low-temperature softening resin is 70-150 ℃.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the low-temperature softening resin includes one or more of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, acrylic resin, alkyd resin, polyurethane resin, polyester resin, silicone resin, fluorocarbon resin, vinyl resin, cellulose resin, and polyamide resin.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the conductive filler includes one or more of graphite, carbon black, carbon nanotube, carbon fiber, carbon crystal, graphene, and fullerene.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the electric heating film further includes a bus bar disposed on the heat generating layer, and the bus bar is sandwiched between the first protective layer and the second protective layer.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the heat generating layer includes a heat generating region and a converging region, the converging region is formed on a surface of the heat generating region, and a thickness of the converging region is 1.01-10 times of a thickness of the heat generating region.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the continuous transition is selected from at least one of a linear increase in thickness with the planar direction and a curvilinear increase in thickness with the planar direction.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned continuous transition means that the thickness gradient of the transition region is not higher than 100 microns/1000 microns.
Based on the second purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of the electrothermal film comprises the following steps:
(1) forming a film on the surface of the base material by using conductive ink to prepare a heating layer;
(2) and respectively compounding the first protective layer and the second protective layer on two sides of the heating layer to enable the heating layer to be clamped between the first protective layer and the second protective layer.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned compounding is thermal pressing compounding; the compounding pressure of the hot-pressing compounding is 0.2-30 MPa; the compounding temperature of the hot-pressing compounding is 70-150 ℃.
Based on the third purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
an electric heating product comprises the electric heating film.
Compared with the prior art, the electric heating film provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the heating layer is made of conductive ink containing low-temperature softening resin and conductive filler, the obtained heating layer has certain fluidity at lower temperature, when the first protective layer and the second protective layer are coated on two sides of the heating layer, gaps between the first protective layer and the second protective layer and the heating layer are reduced or even do not exist, the heating of the electric heating film is more stable, the softening temperature of the low-temperature softening resin is 70-150 ℃, the structures of the first protective layer and the second protective layer cannot be damaged when the heating layer is softened, and the service life of the electric heating film is prolonged.
The preparation method of the electrothermal film provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the heating layer is prepared firstly, when the first protective layer and the second protective layer are respectively compounded on two sides of the heating layer, the heating layer is made of conductive ink containing low-temperature softening resin and conductive filler, when the first protective layer and the second protective layer are compounded, the heating layer has certain fluidity, and gaps between the first protective layer and the heating layer and gaps between the second protective layer and the heating layer can be filled, so that the internal gaps of the whole heating film are reduced, and even no gaps exist. In the compounding process, the low-temperature softening resin is softened at a lower temperature, so that the heating layer can flow to fill the gap inside the heating film in the compounding process of the first protective layer and the second protective layer, the structures of the first protective layer and the second protective layer cannot be damaged, and the service life of the heating film can be prolonged.
The electric heating product provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the electrothermal product is prepared by the electrothermal film, so that the electrothermal product generates heat more stably and has longer service life.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts, and the protection scope of the present invention also belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a first cross-sectional view of an electrothermal film according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second cross-section of an electrothermal film according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrothermal film according to comparative example 1 of the present invention.
Icon: 110 — a first protective layer; 120-a second protective layer; 130-a heat-generating layer; 140-a bus bar; 131-a heat-generating region; 132-confluence area.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the electrothermal film includes a first protective layer 110, a second protective layer 120, a heat-generating layer 130, and two bus bars 140. The bus bars 140 are arranged on the heating layer 130, the number of the bus bars 140 can be adjusted according to the requirement of the electric heating film, and the two bus bars 140 are connected with a power supply so as to electrify the electric heating film and enable the electric heating film to heat.
Two bus bars 140 are respectively disposed at both ends of the heat generating layer 130, and the bus bars 140 may be a combination of one or more of a strip made of a metal foil and a strip coating dried from a metal paste. Optionally, the bus bar 140 is one or a combination of copper foil tape, aluminum foil tape, and stainless steel tape.
The heating layer 130 is sandwiched between the first protective layer 110 and the second protective layer 120, the bus bars 140 are sandwiched between the first protective layer 110 and the second protective layer 120, the two bus bars 140 are sandwiched between the first protective layer 110 and the second protective layer 120, and the first protective layer 110 and the second protective layer 120 are respectively disposed on two sides of the heating layer 130 for protecting the heating layer 130. The first protective layer 110 and the second protective layer 120 may be all commercially available materials for protective layers. For example: film, plate, fabric, resin coating.
Optionally, the first protective layer 110 and the second protective layer 120 are one or a combination of polyester film, epoxy resin plate, and insulating resin coating. Further, the second protection layer 120 may be a base material in the process of forming the heat generating layer 130, or may be one or a combination of a single protection film and a protection coating layer. In this embodiment, the structures of the first passivation layer 110 and the second passivation layer 120 are not improved, and are not described herein.
The heat generation layer 130 includes a heat generation region 131 and two bus regions 132. The heating area 131 and the two converging areas 132 are sandwiched between the first protective layer 110 and the second protective layer 120, and the middle area of the heating layer 130 is the heating area 131, which is mainly responsible for converting electric energy into heat energy after being electrified.
Two ends of the heat generating region 131 are respectively provided with a bus bar region 132, the surface of the heat generating region 131 forms the bus bar region 132, one bus bar region 132 is provided with a bus bar 140, one side of each bus bar region 132, which is far away from the heat generating region 131, is provided with a bus bar groove, and one bus bar 140 is embedded in one bus bar groove. The two bus bars 140 are connected to an external power source, and transmit a voltage to both ends of the heat generating region 131 through the two bus bars 132, so that both ends of the heat generating region 131 are connected to the external power source, and the heat generating region 131 generates heat.
The thickness of each convergence region 132 is 1.01-10 times the thickness of the heat generation region 131. The sectional area increase of the district 132 that converges, so, the total resistance of the district 132 that converges reduces, then the power that generates heat of the district 132 that converges reduces, avoids the layer 130 part that generates heat of electric heat membrane to show and generates heat locally, improves the stability of electric heat membrane, prolongs the life of electric heat membrane.
Optionally, the thickness of each convergence region 132 is 1.01-6 times of the thickness of the heat generation region 131, so that the cost is reduced, and the use efficiency of materials is increased. Further, the thickness of each convergence region 132 is 2 to 6 times the thickness of the heat generation region 131. Further, the thickness of each convergence region 132 is 2 to 4 times the thickness of the heat generation region 131.
The heat generating region 131 continuously transitions to each bus bar region 132, that is, the heat generating region 131 gradually thickens to each bus bar region 132. Thereby realizing continuous transition and forming a transition area with slow transition of thickness gradient. If the thickness between two adjacent areas changes violently, can lead to its generate heat and the violent change of temperature, has an influence to the stability of electric heat membrane, can influence holistic life and security.
Thus, a continuous transition means that the thickness gradient in the transition region is not higher than 100/1000 microns. Optionally, the thickness gradient of the transition region is no higher than 50/1000 microns. Further, the thickness gradient of the transition region is not higher than 10/1000 μm.
It is noted that the continuous transition is selected from at least one of a linear increase in thickness with planar orientation (as in fig. 1) and a curvilinear increase in thickness with planar orientation (as in fig. 2). The surface of the transition region away from the heat-generating region 131 may be an inclined plane, an inclined arc surface, or both.
The material of the heating area 131 is the same as that of each current converging area 132, so that the current transmission stability of the current converging areas 132 and low heating in working are ensured, and no metal transition layer is required to be additionally arranged. Therefore, the current-collecting region 132 does not contain a metal transition layer, that is, the current-collecting region 132 does not contain one or more of a silver paste coating and a copper paste coating, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost.
In this embodiment, the heat generating layer 130 is made of conductive ink, the heat generating region 131 and each confluence region 132 are made of conductive ink, the conductive ink includes low-temperature softening resin and conductive filler, and the softening temperature of the low-temperature softening resin in the confluence region 132 of the heat generating region 131 is 70-150 ℃.
Wherein the low-temperature softening resin comprises one or more of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, acrylic resin, alkyd resin, polyurethane resin, polyester resin, organic silicon resin, fluorocarbon resin, vinyl resin, cellulose resin and polyamide resin, the softening temperature of each resin is 70-150 ℃, further the softening temperature of the low-temperature softening resin is 70-120 ℃, and further the softening temperature of the low-temperature softening resin is 80-100 ℃, so that the heating film with reduced internal clearance and even no clearance is formed. The conductive filler includes one or more of graphite, carbon black, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, carbon crystals, graphene, and fullerenes.
The low-temperature softening resin and the conductive filler are combined into the conductive ink. The mass percentage of the low-temperature softening resin can be 1-99%, optionally, the mass percentage of the low-temperature softening resin can be 20-80%, and further, the mass percentage of the low-temperature softening resin can be 40-60%.
Make layer 130 that generates heat through low temperature softening resin and electrically conductive filler, form the continuous transition of layer 130 thickness that generates heat more easily, avoid generating heat the thickness in two adjacent regions of layer 130 and violently increase, simultaneously, when preparing the heating film, in compound first protective layer 110 and second protective layer 120, because the mobility of low temperature softening resin, form the internal clearance and reduce even zero clearance electric heat membrane, it is more stable to generate heat.
The preparation method of the electrothermal film comprises the following steps:
(1) and forming a film on the surface of the substrate by using the conductive ink to obtain the heating layer 130. The heat generating layer 130 is formed on the surface of the base material using a conductive ink composed of a low temperature softening resin and a conductive filler. The substrate is one or the combination of a plurality of films, plates and fabrics. The substrate may also be the first protective layer 110 or the second protective layer 120 or other film-forming substrate.
Alternatively, the heat generating layer 130 is formed on the surface of the substrate by using a conductive ink. Avoid using many times coating or multilayer stack to reach the district 131 that generates heat of different thickness and converge district 132, and can make the district 131 that generates heat and converge between the district 132 transition in succession, make the generating heat of heating film more stable.
It should be noted that: the film formation may be performed by one or more of printing, coating, and spraying, and the heat generating layer 130 is prepared by printing, coating, and spraying a conductive ink on the surface of the substrate.
(2) And a bus bar 140 is coated on both ends of the heat generating layer 130.
(3) The first protection layer 110 and the second protection layer 120 are respectively compounded on two sides of the heat generating layer 130, so that the heat generating layer 130 is sandwiched between the first protection layer 110 and the second protection layer 120.
Since the heat generating layer 130 is formed by a film of conductive ink containing low-temperature softening resin, when the first protective layer 110 and the second protective layer 120 are combined on both sides of the heat generating layer 130, the heat generating layer 130 has certain fluidity, and gaps between the first protective layer 110 and the second protective layer 120 and the heat generating layer 130 can be filled, and gaps between the bus bar 140 and the first protective layer 110 or the second protective layer 120 can be filled, so that the internal gap of the whole heat generating film is reduced, even no gap exists. And the heat-generating layer 130 is gradually transited, so that the gap between the heat-generating layer 130 and the first and second protection layers 110 and 120 is more easily filled, and a heat-generating film without a gap inside is formed. In addition, since the low-temperature softening resin is softened at a relatively low temperature during the combining process, the heat generating layer 130 can be made to flow and fill the gap inside the heat generating film during the combining process of the first protective layer 110 and the second protective layer 120, the structure of the first protective layer 110 and the second protective layer 120 is not damaged, and the service life of the heat generating film can be prolonged.
Such as: first protective layer 110 and second protective layer 120 are the PET film, if the softening temperature of resin is too high, then at the in-process that the resin is soft, also can make the PET film suffer destruction to make the life of electric heat membrane shorten.
Therefore, the heat generating layer 130 is made of low temperature softening resin and conductive filler, when the first protective layer 110 and the second protective layer 120 are combined, the resin is softened, optionally, the combined pressure is 0.2-30MPa, further, the combined pressure is 0.2-20 MPa, the combined pressure is 0.5-10 MPa, and the combined pressure is 0.5-5 MPa, so that the softened resin can flow under the effect of the combined pressure, thereby filling the gap between the heat generating layer 130 and the first protective layer 110 or the second protective layer 120, and also filling the gap between the bus bar 140 and the first protective layer 110 or the second protective layer 120 with the heat generating layer 130, thereby forming an electric heating film with reduced or even no gap in the inner gap.
The compounding can be cold press compounding or hot press compounding, optionally, the compounding is hot press compounding, the temperature of the hot press compounding is 70-150 ℃, further, the temperature of the hot press compounding is 70-120 ℃, further, the temperature of the hot press compounding is 100-120 ℃, optionally, the temperature of the hot press compounding is consistent with the softening temperature of the low-temperature softening resin and is less than the softening temperature of the first protective layer 110 and the second protective layer 120 (such as a PET film), in the process of the hot press compounding, the softened heating layer 130 can be made to fill the gap between the heating layer 130 and the first protective layer 110 and the second protective layer 120, and the heating layer 130 can be made to fill the gap between the bus bar 140 and the first protective layer 110 or the second protective layer 120, so that a heating film without internal gap is formed, and the structure of the first protective layer 110 and the second protective layer 120 can be prevented from being damaged, thereby the heating of the heating film is more stable, and the service life of the heating film can be prolonged.
An electric heating product comprises the electric heating film, and the electric heating product can be prepared by using the electric heating film. For example, the following examples: heating foot pad, electric blanket, heating mouse pad, heat preservation membrane etc.. The heating of the electric heating product is more stable, and the service life is longer.
Example 1
A conductive ink containing an epoxy resin having a softening temperature of 70 to 80 ℃ (for example, 70 ℃, 75 ℃ or 80 ℃) is used as a raw material, wherein the epoxy resin accounts for 20% by mass of the nonvolatile components.
The epoxy resin substrate is coated with a cylindrical coating roll having meshes of different meshes, and dried to form the heat generating layer 130 having a three-dimensional structure. Wherein, the mesh on the coating roller in the heating area 131 is 250 mesh shallow holes, the confluence area 132 is 100 mesh deep holes, and the boundary area is gradually transited by a gradient of 30 mesh/100 micron. A section of 1 cm wide section of 150 mesh mesopores was used in the middle of the coating roll confluence area 132.
The prepared heat generating layer 130 is a continuous planar structure. Referring to fig. 1, it is tested that the thickness of the heat generating region 131 is 5 micrometers, the thickness of the bus region 132 is 50 micrometers, and the thickness gradient of the transition region is 90 micrometers/1000 micrometers. The bus bar region 132 has a groove width of 1 cm and a depth of 10 μm. And respectively covering the bus areas 132 at the two ends of the heating layer 130 with copper foil bus bars 140, finally covering the first protective layer 110 on the upper layer, and performing hot-pressing compounding to finish the manufacture of the electrothermal film product. Wherein the hot-pressing compounding temperature is 75 ℃, and the pressure is 0.2 Mpa.
Through observation, the bus bar 140 is completely embedded in the heating layer 130, the thickness of the electric heating film protective layer is continuously changed, no gap exists in the electric heating film, the heating area 131 is stable after the electric heating film is electrified, the converging area 132 is free of heating, and the heating of the transition area is stably transited.
Example 2
A conductive ink containing an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin having a softening temperature of 80 to 100 ℃ (for example, 80 ℃, 85 ℃ or 100 ℃) is used as a raw material, wherein the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin accounts for 40% of the total nonvolatile components.
The heat generating layer 130 having a three-dimensional structure is formed by coating a PET film using gravure rolls having mesh holes of different meshes and drying. Wherein, the mesh of the heating area 131 on the coating roller is 200 meshes of shallow holes, the confluence area 132 is 100 meshes of deep holes, and the boundary area is gradually transited by a gradient of 20 meshes/100 micrometers. A section of 1 cm wide part of the gravure roll manifold 132 was used with 150 mesh apertures.
The prepared heat generating layer 130 has a stripe structure. Referring to fig. 2, it is tested that the thickness of the heat generating region 131 is 10 microns, the thickness of the bus region 132 is 35 microns, and the thickness gradient of the transition region is 50 microns/1000 microns. The grooves of the confluence region 132 have a width of 1 cm and a depth of 15 μm. And respectively covering the bus areas 132 at the two ends of the heating layer 130 with copper foil bus bars 140, finally covering the first protective layer 110 on the upper layer, and performing hot-pressing compounding to finish the manufacture of the electrothermal film product. Wherein the hot-pressing compounding temperature is 100 deg.C, and the pressure is 0.5 Mpa.
Through observation, the bus bar 140 is completely embedded in the heating layer 130, the thickness of the electric heating film protective layer is continuously changed, no gap exists in the electric heating film, the heating area 131 is stable after the electric heating film is electrified, the converging area 132 is free of heating, and the heating of the transition area is stably transited.
Example 3
A conductive ink containing a vinyl resin having a softening temperature of 100-120 deg.C (e.g., 100 deg.C, 110 deg.C or 120 deg.C) is used as a raw material, wherein the vinyl resin accounts for 60% of the total non-volatile components.
The heat generating layer 130 having a three-dimensional structure is formed by coating a PET film using gravure rolls having mesh holes of different meshes and drying. Wherein, the mesh of the heating area 131 on the coating roller is 200 meshes of shallow holes, the confluence area 132 is 100 meshes of deep holes, and the boundary area is gradually transited by a gradient of 20 meshes/100 micrometers. A section of 1 cm wide part of the gravure roll manifold 132 was used with 150 mesh apertures.
The prepared heat generating layer 130 has a stripe structure. Referring to fig. 2, it is tested that the thickness of the heat generating region 131 is 10 microns, the thickness of the bus region 132 is 35 microns, and the thickness gradient of the transition region is 50 microns/1000 microns. The grooves of the confluence region 132 have a width of 1 cm and a depth of 15 μm. And respectively covering copper foil bus bars 140 on the bus areas 132 on two sides of the heating layer 130, finally covering the first protective layer 110 on the upper layer, and performing hot-pressing compounding to finish the manufacturing of the electrothermal film product. Wherein the hot-pressing compounding temperature is 120 ℃, and the pressure is 5 Mpa.
Through observation, the bus bar 140 is completely embedded in the heating layer 130, the thickness of the electric heating film protective layer is continuously changed, no gap exists in the electric heating film, the heating area 131 is stable after the electric heating film is electrified, the converging area 132 is free of heating, and the heating of the transition area is stably transited.
Comparative example 1
The heat generating layer 130 with uniform thickness is formed by coating a PET film with a polyester resin conductive ink having a softening temperature of 160-180 deg.C (e.g., 160 deg.C, 170 deg.C or 180 deg.C) by using a 200-mesh gravure roll, and drying.
The prepared heat generating layer 130 has a stripe structure. Referring to FIG. 3, the thickness was 10 microns as tested. And printing silver paste coatings at two ends of the heating layer 130, respectively covering copper foil confluence strips 140 on the silver paste coatings, finally covering a PET protective film on the silver paste coatings, and performing hot-press compounding to finish the manufacture of the electrothermal film product. Wherein the hot-pressing compounding temperature is 90 deg.C, and the pressure is 0.5 Mpa.
Through observation, the bus bar 140 is completely positioned on the heating layer 130, the thickness change of the electric heating film protective layer is discontinuous, and an obvious gap is formed inside the electric heating film. After the power is turned on, the heat generation area 131 generates heat stably, the convergence area 132 generates heat, and the connection area between the heat generation layer 130 and the first protection layer 110 and the second protection layer 120 generates heat with a sudden change. The stability and the safety of the electric heating film are poor.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the electrothermal film is characterized in that the electrothermal film comprises a first protective layer, a heating layer and a second protective layer, the heating layer is sandwiched between the first protective layer and the second protective layer, the heating layer is made of conductive ink, the conductive ink comprises low-temperature softening resin and conductive filler, wherein the softening temperature of the low-temperature softening resin is 70-150 ℃; the electrothermal film further comprises a bus bar, the bus bar is arranged on the heating layer, and the bus bar is clamped between the first protective layer and the second protective layer;
the low-temperature softening resin comprises one or more of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, acrylic resin, alkyd resin, polyurethane resin, polyester resin, organic silicon resin, fluorocarbon resin, vinyl resin, cellulose resin and polyamide resin;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) forming a film on the surface of the base material by using the conductive ink to prepare the heating layer;
(2) respectively compounding the first protective layer and the second protective layer on two sides of the heating layer to enable the heating layer to be sandwiched between the first protective layer and the second protective layer;
the compounding is hot-pressing compounding; the compounding temperature of the hot-pressing compounding is 70-150 ℃, the compounding temperature is consistent with the softening temperature of the low-temperature softening resin, and the compounding temperature is lower than the softening temperature of the first protective layer and the second protective layer.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the conductive filler comprises one or more of graphite, carbon black, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, carbon crystals, graphene, and fullerenes.
3. A production method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the heat generating layer includes a heat generating region and a merging region, a surface of the heat generating region forms the merging region, a thickness of the merging region is 1.01 to 10 times a thickness of the heat generating region, and the heat generating region continuously transitions to the merging region.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the continuous transition is selected from at least one of a linear increase in thickness with planar direction and a curvilinear increase in thickness with planar direction.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the continuous transition is a transition region having a thickness gradient of no more than 100/1000 μm.
6. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the compounding pressure of the thermal compression compounding is 0.2 to 30 MPa.
7. An electrothermal product comprising the electrothermal film of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| JPS59230773A (en) * | 1983-06-14 | 1984-12-25 | Kyocera Corp | Thermal head |
| CN101974266A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2011-02-16 | 彩虹集团公司 | Low-temperature conductive carbon slurry and preparation method thereof |
| CN103013229A (en) * | 2012-12-30 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Graphene based conductive ink and preparation method thereof as well as flexible conductive thin film |
| CN203151767U (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2013-08-21 | Kmt纳米科技（香港）有限公司 | Nano composite current-guide electric heating film |
| CN207283840U (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2018-04-27 | 湖北暖季地暖科技有限公司 | A kind of tin plating water conservancy diversion Electric radiant Heating Film of copper |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59230773A (en) * | 1983-06-14 | 1984-12-25 | Kyocera Corp | Thermal head |
| CN101974266A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2011-02-16 | 彩虹集团公司 | Low-temperature conductive carbon slurry and preparation method thereof |
| CN103013229A (en) * | 2012-12-30 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Graphene based conductive ink and preparation method thereof as well as flexible conductive thin film |
| CN203151767U (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2013-08-21 | Kmt纳米科技（香港）有限公司 | Nano composite current-guide electric heating film |
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