CN109344016B - USB device capable of switching between host and device modes and switching method - Google Patents

USB device capable of switching between host and device modes and switching method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109344016B
CN109344016B CN201811013187.3A CN201811013187A CN109344016B CN 109344016 B CN109344016 B CN 109344016B CN 201811013187 A CN201811013187 A CN 201811013187A CN 109344016 B CN109344016 B CN 109344016B
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usb
switching tube
usb interface
physical layer
host
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CN109344016A (en
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李振良
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Allwinner Technology Co Ltd
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Allwinner Technology Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/22—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing
    • G06F11/2205—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing using arrangements specific to the hardware being tested
    • G06F11/221—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing using arrangements specific to the hardware being tested to test buses, lines or interfaces, e.g. stuck-at or open line faults
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/42—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation
    • G06F13/4282—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation on a serial bus, e.g. I2C bus, SPI bus

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  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
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  • Information Transfer Systems (AREA)

Abstract

A USB device and switching method that can switch between host computer and apparatus mode, wherein the USB device includes USB physical layer unit, first USB interface, second USB interface, gating unit and detection circuit; the detection circuit detects whether the first USB interface is connected with the host, sends a first gating signal to the gating unit when the first USB interface is connected with the host so as to communicate the USB physical layer unit with the first USB interface, and sends a first indication signal to the USB physical layer unit so as to enable the USB physical layer unit to work in an equipment mode; and when the first USB interface is disconnected with the host, sending a second gating signal to the gating unit so as to communicate the USB physical layer unit with the second USB interface, and sending a second indicating signal to the USB physical layer unit so as to enable the USB physical layer unit to work in a host mode. The USB equipment has simple circuit and high detection real-time performance.

Description

USB device capable of switching between host and device modes and switching method
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the USB field, and more particularly, to a USB device capable of switching between a host mode and a device mode and a method for switching.
Background
The original USB (Universal Serial Bus) standard defines a host/slave relationship, in which a personal computer serves as a host and a device connected to the personal computer serves as a slave (i.e., a peripheral device), and data cannot be directly transmitted between two USB devices.
USB2.0 specifies USB On-The-go (OTG), which allows two USB OTG devices to be directly connected and perform data transmission without passing through a personal computer host, i.e., one USB device can operate in a host mode and access data from another USB device, and can also operate in a slave mode and access data from another USB device.
However, the conventional OTG device usually has only one USB interface, and when the OTG device needs to operate in the host mode, the USB device needs to be connected as a slave through an OTG data line; when the USB interface needs to work in a slave mode, the USB interface needs to be connected with a host through a common USB data line. Therefore, the user generally needs to prepare two kinds of data lines.
In the prior art, only one type of USB device needs to be equipped with one data line, which is implemented by detecting two USB interfaces, but these schemes often use a processor or state machine logic to detect the USB interfaces, and have complex circuits, poor real-time performance, and high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the USB device capable of switching between the host and the device mode and the switching method, and the USB device has a simple circuit and high detection real-time performance.
A USB device capable of switching between a host and a device mode comprises a USB physical layer unit, a first USB interface, a second USB interface, a gating unit and a detection circuit; the detection circuit is used for detecting whether the first USB interface is connected with a host, sending a first gating signal to the gating unit when detecting that the first USB interface is connected with the host, and sending a first indication signal to the USB physical layer unit; when the disconnection between the first USB interface and the host is detected, sending a second gating signal to the gating unit, and sending a second indicating signal to the USB physical layer unit; the gating unit is used for communicating the USB physical layer unit with the first USB interface when receiving the first gating signal and communicating the USB physical layer unit with the second USB interface when receiving the second gating signal; the second USB interface is used for connecting a USB device working in a device mode; the USB physical layer unit is used for working in an equipment mode after receiving the first indication signal and working in a host mode after receiving the second indication signal.
The detection circuit is used for detecting the power end of the first USB interface, judging that the first USB interface is connected with the host when detecting that the power end of the first USB interface is at a high level, and judging that the first USB interface is disconnected with the host when detecting that the power end of the first USB interface is at a low level.
The USB equipment further comprises a USB concentrator, one end of the USB concentrator is connected with the gating unit, and the other end of the USB concentrator is connected with the plurality of second USB interfaces.
The detection circuit is configured to output a first strobe signal and a second strobe signal having level magnitudes suitable for the strobe unit according to the level of the power source terminal.
The detection circuit is used for outputting a first indication signal and a second indication signal which have the level suitable for the USB physical layer unit according to the level of the power supply end.
The USB physical layer unit is a USB physical layer chip.
The detection circuit comprises a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a third switching tube, a first grounding resistor and a second grounding resistor; the control end of the first switch tube is grounded through the first grounding resistor and is connected with the power end of the first USB interface; a first conduction end of the first switching tube is connected with a first power supply, and a second conduction end of the first switching tube is grounded through a second grounding resistor and is connected with a control end of the second switching tube; the first conduction end of the second switching tube is connected with a second power supply and the control end of the third switching tube, and the second conduction end of the second switching tube is grounded; the first conduction end of the third switching tube is connected with a third power supply, and the second conduction end of the third switching tube is grounded; the first conduction end of the second switching tube outputs the first gating signal or the second gating signal; the first conducting end of the third switching tube outputs the first indication signal or the second indication signal.
The invention also provides a method for switching the USB equipment between the host and the equipment mode, which comprises the following steps: s1, detecting whether the first USB interface is connected with the host computer in real time by the detection circuit, sending a first gating signal to the gating unit when detecting that the first USB interface is connected with the host computer, and sending a first indication signal to the USB physical layer unit; when the detection circuit detects that the first USB interface is disconnected with the host, a second gating signal is sent to the gating unit, and a second indicating signal is sent to the USB physical layer unit; s2, the strobe unit connects the USB physical layer unit to the first USB interface when receiving the first strobe signal, and connects the USB physical layer unit to the second USB interface when receiving the second strobe signal; s3, the USB physical layer unit operates in the device mode after receiving the first indication signal, and operates in the host mode after receiving the second indication signal.
The detection circuit detects the power end of the first USB interface, determines that the first USB interface is connected with the host when detecting that the power end of the first USB interface is at a high level, and determines that the first USB interface is disconnected with the host when detecting that the power end of the first USB interface is at a low level.
The detection circuit outputs a first strobe signal and a second strobe signal having level magnitudes suitable for the strobe unit according to the level of the power source terminal.
The detection circuit outputs a first indication signal and a second indication signal which have the level suitable for the USB physical layer unit according to the level of the power supply end.
The detection circuit comprises a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a third switching tube, a first grounding resistor and a second grounding resistor; the control end of the first switch tube is grounded through the first grounding resistor and is connected with the power end of the first USB interface; a first conduction end of the first switching tube is connected with a first power supply, and a second conduction end of the first switching tube is grounded through a second grounding resistor and is connected with a control end of the second switching tube; the first conduction end of the second switching tube is connected with a second power supply and the control end of the third switching tube, and the second conduction end of the second switching tube is grounded; the first conduction end of the third switching tube is connected with a third power supply, and the second conduction end of the third switching tube is grounded; the first conduction end of the second switching tube outputs the first gating signal or the second gating signal; the first conducting end of the third switching tube outputs the first indication signal or the second indication signal.
Has the advantages that:
compared with the scheme that a processor or state machine logic is adopted to detect a plurality of USB interfaces and the gating unit is gated and controlled through the USB physical layer unit according to the detection result, the circuit structure of the scheme is simpler and the cost is lower; and the scheme realizes real-time detection of the USB interface, and the real-time performance is higher.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a USB device 1 that is switchable between host and device modes;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of another embodiment of a USB device 1 that is switchable between host and device modes;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a specific circuit of the detection circuit 30.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a USB device 1 that is switchable between host and device modes. The USB device 1 includes a gating unit 10, a USB physical layer unit 20, a detection circuit 30, a first USB interface 40, and a second USB interface 60. The second USB interface 60 is used to connect a USB device 80 operating in a device mode, such as: a storage device with a USB interface (such as a USB flash disk), a smart phone and the like. The first USB interface 40 is used to connect to a host 70, for example: personal computers, and the like. The first USB interface 40 is connected to a first gate terminal of the gate unit 10, and the second USB interface 60 is connected to a second gate terminal of the gate unit 10.
The detection circuit 30 is configured to detect whether the first USB interface 40 is connected to the host 70, send a first strobe signal to the strobe unit 10 when detecting that the first USB interface 40 is connected to the host 70, and send a first indication signal to the USB physical layer unit 20; when it is detected that the first USB interface 40 is disconnected from the host 70, a second strobe signal is transmitted to the strobe unit 10, and a second indication signal is transmitted to the USB physical layer unit 20. The present detection circuit 30 is comprised of simple analog circuitry or of simple logic gate devices rather than a clocked controller or logic state machine (state machine logic).
The gating unit 10 is configured to communicate the USB physical layer unit 20 with the first USB interface 40 when receiving the first gating signal, where data from the host may reach the USB physical layer unit 20 via the first USB interface 40 and the gating unit 10, and communicate the USB physical layer unit 20 with the second USB interface 60 when receiving the second gating signal, where data from the USB device 80 may reach the USB physical layer unit 20 via the second USB interface 60 and the gating unit 10.
The USB physical layer unit 20 is configured to operate in a device mode after receiving the first indication signal, that is, to communicate with the host 70 as a device of the host 70; after receiving the second indication signal, the USB device 80 operates in the host mode, i.e., communicates with the host mode. USB physical layer unit 20 may be a USB physical layer chip that supports operation in device mode and host mode.
In this embodiment, the first USB interface 40 has a higher priority than the second USB interface 60, and once the USB device 1 is connected to the host 70, the USB device 1 operates in the device mode and communicates with the host 70 (e.g., performs software upgrade on the USB device 1), and is disconnected from the USB device 80.
When the conventional OTG equipment with only one USB interface works in an equipment mode and a host mode, the OTG equipment needs to be respectively connected with the USB equipment and the host through two different USB connecting wires, so that inconvenience is brought to users. In the present embodiment, the second USB interface 60 can be directly connected to a USB device, and only the USB connection line is needed to complete the connection between the first USB interface 40 and the host, so that the application is more convenient.
If the state machine logic is utilized to sequentially detect the first USB interface 40 and the second USB interface 60, the first USB interface 40 and the second USB interface 60 are forbidden in the initial state; the first USB interface 40 is detected firstly in the second state, and if the first USB interface 40 is detected to be connected with the host, a first gating signal is sent to the gating unit 10 through the USB physical layer unit 20; if the first USB interface 40 is not detected to be connected to the host, the first USB interface is driven by the clock signal to enter a third state, the second USB interface 60 is detected in the third state, if the second USB interface 60 is detected to be connected to the USB device 80, the second strobe signal is sent to the strobe unit 10 through the USB physical layer unit 20, otherwise, the clock signal returns to the initial state again. In comparison, the scheme does not need to be driven by a clock, so that the circuit structure is simpler and the cost is low; in addition, the state machine logic needs to be switched among at least three states, and when the first USB interface 40 is connected to the host in the second state, the action of connecting to the host cannot be recognized, and the action needs to be detected until the second state of the second cycle. In the present embodiment, once the first USB interface 40 is connected to the host, the detection circuit 30 can detect, that is, it is realized to detect whether the first USB interface 40 is connected to the host in real time, so that the response is faster.
The present USB device 1 can operate in the host mode so that data can be accessed from the USB device 80 through the second USB interface 60, and can also operate in the device mode (slave mode) so that the host 70 can access data from the present USB device 1.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of another embodiment of a USB device 1 that is switchable between host and device modes. The USB device 1 differs from the USB device 1 of fig. 1 in that: the USB hub 50 is further included, the second USB interface 60 has a plurality of interfaces, and the plurality of second USB interfaces 60 are connected to the second gating terminal of the gating unit 10 through the USB hub 50. When the second gating terminal is gated, the USB physical layer unit 20 may communicate with a plurality of second USB interfaces 60 through the USB hub 50.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a specific circuit of the detection circuit 30. The detection circuit 30 comprises a first switch tube M1 (e.g. an enhanced P-channel type), a second switch tube Q1 (e.g. an NPN triode), a third switch tube Q2 (e.g. an NPN triode), a first ground resistor R6, and a second ground resistor R2, wherein a control terminal of the first switch tube M1 is grounded through the first ground resistor R6 and connected with a power supply terminal USB _ IN of the first USB interface; a first conduction end of the first switch tube M1 is connected with a first power supply VCC1, and a second conduction end of the first switch tube M1 is grounded through a second grounding resistor R2 and connected with a control end of the second switch tube Q1; a first conduction terminal of the second switching tube Q1 is connected to a second power source VCC2 and to a control terminal of the third switching tube Q2, and a second conduction terminal of the second switching tube Q1 is grounded; a first conduction end of the third switching tube Q2 is connected with a third power supply VCC3, and a second conduction end of the third switching tube Q2 is grounded; a first conduction end of the second switching tube Q1 is used as a port SET, connected to the gating control end of the gating unit 10, and used for sending a first gating signal or a second gating signal thereto; the first conducting terminal of the third switch Q2 is connected to the USB physical layer unit 20 as a port ID, and is configured to send the first indication signal or the second indication signal thereto.
The first power source VCC1 is not less than the USB standard voltage (i.e., the voltage of USB _ IN) to ensure the normal operation of the first switch tube M1. The second power supply VCC2 and the third power supply VCC3 are smaller than the third power supply VCC3 to ensure that the output strobe signal and the indication signal conform to the voltage detection ranges of the strobe unit 10 and the USB physical layer unit 20. In one embodiment, the second power supply VCC2 is the same size as the third power supply VCC 3.
When the first USB interface 40 is connected to the host, the port USB _ IN is at a high level, the switches M1 and Q1 are turned off, the port SET is at a high level (i.e., the first strobe signal), the switch Q2 is turned on, and the port ID is at a low level (i.e., the first indication signal). When the first USB interface 40 is disconnected from the host, the port USB _ IN is at a low level, the switches M1 and Q1 are turned on, the port SET is at a low level (i.e., the second strobe signal), the switch Q2 is turned off, and the port ID is at a high level (i.e., the second indication signal). Here, the high level of the ports SET and ID is VCC2, and the size thereof coincides with the voltage detection range of the gating unit 10 and the USB physical layer unit 20. Currently, the standard voltage of USB is +5V, while the operating voltage of the USB physical layer unit 20 and the gating unit 10 is less than 5V, and is approximately around 3.3V, the detection circuit 30 outputs the first indication signal and the second indication signal with the level suitable for the USB physical layer unit 20 and outputs the first gating signal and the second gating signal with the level suitable for the gating unit 10 according to the level of the port USB _ IN.
In one embodiment, the detection circuit may further include current limiting resistors R1, R3, R4, and R5. The resistor R1 is connected in series between the second conducting end of the first switch tube M1 and the control end of the second switch tube Q1, the resistor R3 is connected in series between the first conducting end of the second switch tube Q1 and the control end of the third switch tube Q2, the resistor R4 is connected in series between the second power source VCC2 and the first conducting end of the second switch tube Q1, and the resistor R5 is connected in series between the third power source VCC3 and the first conducting end of the third switch tube Q2.
One embodiment of a method for switching a USB device between host and device modes includes the steps of:
s1, the detecting circuit 30 detects whether the first USB interface 40 is connected to the host in real time, and sends a first strobe signal to the strobe unit 10 and a first indication signal to the USB physical layer unit 20 when detecting that the first USB interface 40 is connected to the host; when the detection circuit 30 detects that the first USB interface 40 is disconnected from the host, it sends a second strobe signal to the strobe unit 10, and sends a second indication signal to the USB physical layer unit 20.
S2, the strobe unit 10 communicates the USB physical layer unit 20 with the first USB interface 40 when receiving the first strobe signal, and communicates the USB physical layer unit 20 with the second USB interface 60 when receiving the second strobe signal.
S3, the USB physical layer unit 20 operates in the device mode after receiving the first indication signal, and operates in the host mode after receiving the second indication signal.
As mentioned above, compared with the scheme of detecting the first USB interface 40 and the second USB interface 60 by using the state machine logic, in this scheme, once the first USB interface 40 is connected to the host, the detection circuit 30 can detect, that is, it is realized to detect whether the first USB interface 40 is connected to the host in real time, so that the response is faster.
It should be understood that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same, and those skilled in the art can modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some technical features; and all such modifications and alterations are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A USB device capable of switching between a host and a device mode comprises a USB physical layer unit, and is characterized by further comprising a first USB interface, a second USB interface, a gating unit and a detection circuit;
the detection circuit is used for detecting the power end of the first USB interface, judging that the first USB interface is connected with a host when detecting that the power end of the first USB interface is at a high level, and judging that the first USB interface is disconnected with the host when detecting that the power end of the first USB interface is at a low level; when the connection between the first USB interface and a host is detected, sending a first gating signal to the gating unit, and sending a first indication signal to the USB physical layer unit; when the disconnection between the first USB interface and the host is detected, sending a second gating signal to the gating unit, and sending a second indicating signal to the USB physical layer unit;
the gating unit is used for communicating the USB physical layer unit with the first USB interface when receiving the first gating signal and communicating the USB physical layer unit with the second USB interface when receiving the second gating signal;
the second USB interface is used for connecting a USB device working in a device mode;
the USB physical layer unit is used for working in an equipment mode after receiving the first indication signal and working in a host mode after receiving the second indication signal;
the detection circuit comprises a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a third switching tube, a first grounding resistor and a second grounding resistor; the control end of the first switch tube is grounded through the first grounding resistor and is connected with the power end of the first USB interface; a first conduction end of the first switching tube is connected with a first power supply, and a second conduction end of the first switching tube is grounded through a second grounding resistor and is connected with a control end of the second switching tube; the first conduction end of the second switching tube is connected with a second power supply and the control end of the third switching tube, and the second conduction end of the second switching tube is grounded; the first conduction end of the third switching tube is connected with a third power supply, and the second conduction end of the third switching tube is grounded; the first conduction end of the second switching tube outputs the first gating signal or the second gating signal; the first conducting end of the third switching tube outputs the first indication signal or the second indication signal; the detection circuit is used for outputting a first indication signal and a second indication signal which have the level suitable for the USB physical layer unit according to the level of the power supply end.
2. The USB device of claim 1,
the USB hub is connected with the gating unit at one end and connected with the plurality of second USB interfaces at the other end.
3. The USB device of claim 1,
the detection circuit is configured to output a first strobe signal and a second strobe signal having level magnitudes suitable for the strobe unit according to the level of the power source terminal.
4. The USB device of claim 1,
the USB physical layer unit is a USB physical layer chip.
5. A method for switching a USB device between a host mode and a device mode is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, detecting the power end of a first USB interface in real time by a detection circuit, judging that the first USB interface is connected with a host when detecting that the power end of the first USB interface is at a high level, and judging that the first USB interface is disconnected with the host when detecting that the power end of the first USB interface is at a low level; when the connection between the first USB interface and a host is detected, sending a first gating signal to a gating unit, and sending a first indication signal to a USB physical layer unit; when the detection circuit detects that the first USB interface is disconnected with the host, a second gating signal is sent to the gating unit, and a second indicating signal is sent to the USB physical layer unit;
s2, the strobe unit connects the USB physical layer unit to the first USB interface when receiving the first strobe signal, and connects the USB physical layer unit to the second USB interface when receiving the second strobe signal;
s3, the USB physical layer unit operates in the device mode after receiving the first indication signal, and operates in the host mode after receiving the second indication signal;
the detection circuit comprises a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a third switching tube, a first grounding resistor and a second grounding resistor; the control end of the first switch tube is grounded through the first grounding resistor and is connected with the power end of the first USB interface; a first conduction end of the first switching tube is connected with a first power supply, and a second conduction end of the first switching tube is grounded through a second grounding resistor and is connected with a control end of the second switching tube; the first conduction end of the second switching tube is connected with a second power supply and the control end of the third switching tube, and the second conduction end of the second switching tube is grounded; the first conduction end of the third switching tube is connected with a third power supply, and the second conduction end of the third switching tube is grounded; the first conduction end of the second switching tube outputs the first gating signal or the second gating signal; the first conducting end of the third switching tube outputs the first indication signal or the second indication signal; the detection circuit outputs a first indication signal and a second indication signal which have the level suitable for the USB physical layer unit according to the level of the power supply end.
6. The method as set forth in claim 5, wherein,
the detection circuit outputs a first strobe signal and a second strobe signal having level magnitudes suitable for the strobe unit according to the level of the power source terminal.
7. The method as set forth in claim 5, wherein,
the USB physical layer unit is a USB physical layer chip.
CN201811013187.3A 2018-08-31 2018-08-31 USB device capable of switching between host and device modes and switching method Active CN109344016B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1916879A (en) * 2005-08-16 2007-02-21 凌阳科技股份有限公司 USB device and method capable of automatic sensing mode of USB
CN101526930A (en) * 2008-10-13 2009-09-09 建荣集成电路科技(珠海)有限公司 USB interface master-slave machine detection device and detection method
CN101989246A (en) * 2009-07-29 2011-03-23 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 Electronic device capable of automatically switching master and slave equipment modes of universal serial bus (USB)
CN103684407A (en) * 2013-12-16 2014-03-26 西安Tcl软件开发有限公司 Otg device
CN108073537A (en) * 2016-11-11 2018-05-25 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Usb circuit, the implementation method of USB interface and device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1916879A (en) * 2005-08-16 2007-02-21 凌阳科技股份有限公司 USB device and method capable of automatic sensing mode of USB
CN101526930A (en) * 2008-10-13 2009-09-09 建荣集成电路科技(珠海)有限公司 USB interface master-slave machine detection device and detection method
CN101989246A (en) * 2009-07-29 2011-03-23 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 Electronic device capable of automatically switching master and slave equipment modes of universal serial bus (USB)
CN103684407A (en) * 2013-12-16 2014-03-26 西安Tcl软件开发有限公司 Otg device
CN108073537A (en) * 2016-11-11 2018-05-25 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Usb circuit, the implementation method of USB interface and device

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