CN109328505B - A vertical honeycomb briquette-shaped tobacco rotary tillage and ridge fertilization machine - Google Patents

A vertical honeycomb briquette-shaped tobacco rotary tillage and ridge fertilization machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109328505B
CN109328505B CN201811459561.2A CN201811459561A CN109328505B CN 109328505 B CN109328505 B CN 109328505B CN 201811459561 A CN201811459561 A CN 201811459561A CN 109328505 B CN109328505 B CN 109328505B
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China
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fertilizer
plate
ridging
box
rotary tillage
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CN201811459561.2A
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CN109328505A (en
Inventor
张秀丽
李拥军
吴亚文
仝振伟
李盛宝
刘钊航
陈廉杰
许晓强
吕志鹏
宋亚鑫
侯朝鹏
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Henan Agricultural University
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Henan Agricultural University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00—Combined machines
    • A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
    • A01B49/022—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00—Combined machines
    • A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00—Combined machines
    • A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
    • A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
    • A01B49/065—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizing (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model provides a vertical honeycomb briquette shape tobacco rotary tillage ridging fertilizer distributor, includes rotary tillage mechanism, ridging mechanism and fertilizer application mechanism, fertilizer application mechanism installs on the frame, and the box support is all installed to the frame both sides, supports on the box support has the crossbeam support arm, is provided with the land wheel on the frame, and the land wheel passes through transmission system and is connected with fertilizer application mechanism, and fertilizer application mechanism includes the fertile case, and fertile case sets up on the crossbeam support arm, and fertile case bottom is provided with fertile bottom plate, is provided with on the fertile bottom plate and falls fertile hole, and fertile bottom plate below is provided with honeycomb briquette shape fertilizer dish, is provided with the fertile hole of row on the honeycomb briquette shape fertilizer dish. The invention can realize accurate use of fertilizer, avoid the problems of missing, broken or stopping of the fertilizer during use, furthest increase the utilization rate of the fertilizer, relieve the problem of soil hardening caused by excessive use of the fertilizer, further reduce the labor amount of post-dressing caused by missing or stopping of the fertilizer, and reduce the cost for tobacco farmers.

Description

Vertical honeycomb briquette-shaped tobacco rotary tillage ridging fertilizer applicator
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a vertical honeycomb briquette-shaped tobacco rotary tillage ridging fertilizer applicator.
Background
With the development of society, the tobacco industry has gradually become a major component of national tax. In recent years, the range of tobacco planting has also gradually expanded to nationwide. But according to investigation, the fertility of the soil suitable for cultivation in China is generally lower than the world level, the quality of the planted tobacco leaves is not high, and the economic benefit is poor. Therefore, in the tobacco field operation link, tobacco farmers apply base fertilizer through the rotary tillage ridging link to improve the fertility of soil.
The existing rotary tillage ridging fertilization machines are mostly special machines, a single fertilization machine is used for fertilizing, the ridging machine is specially used for ridging, the functions are single, and a tractor is used for repeatedly rolling furrows, so that repeated operation is labor-consuming and time-consuming, the furrows are compacted, and the growth of tobacco plant root systems is not facilitated. In particular, the fertilization structure mostly adopts an external grooved pulley type mechanism with simple structure and convenient use. However, the external grooved wheel type fertilizer device has a pulsation phenomenon, so that the fertilizer is easy to leak or break, the fertilizer is not used uniformly, the planted tobacco and the fertilizer cannot be combined accurately, and the fertilizer is required to be applied again in the later period. This not only results in excessive use of the fertilizer, but also tends to harden the soil, which greatly affects the growth of the tobacco root. Therefore, in order to solve the problems, one operation can realize multiple functions and precise fertilization is not slow.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem that rotary tillage, fertilization and ridging cannot be completed simultaneously in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a vertical honeycomb briquette-shaped tobacco rotary tillage ridging fertilizer applicator.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
The utility model provides a vertical honeycomb briquette shape tobacco rotary tillage ridging fertilizer distributor, includes rotary tillage mechanism, ridging mechanism and fertilizer application mechanism, fertilizer application mechanism installs on the frame, and the box support is all installed to the frame both sides, supports on the box support has the crossbeam support arm, is provided with the land wheel on the frame, and the land wheel passes through transmission system and is connected with fertilizer application mechanism, and fertilizer application mechanism includes the fertile case, and fertile case sets up on the crossbeam support arm, and fertile case bottom is provided with fertile bottom plate, is provided with on the fertile bottom plate and falls fertile hole, and fertile bottom plate below is provided with honeycomb briquette shape fertilizer dish, is provided with the fertile hole of row on the honeycomb briquette shape fertilizer dish.
The middle part of fertile case is provided with agitating unit, and agitating unit connects between the box support of both sides, and agitating unit's one end is connected with inverter motor, and agitating unit is for having elastic steel wire, and agitating unit's part in fertile case is spiral, and the balance is rectilinear.
Be provided with 1-4 fertile casees on the crossbeam support arm, fertile case welding is on fertile bottom plate, and fertile bottom plate lower surface has inlayed fertile volume control baffle, is provided with the baffle in the middle of the fertile case, and the fertile hole that falls on baffle right side is macropore, and the fertile hole that falls on baffle left side is the aperture, and fertile volume control baffle is provided with two, and it has the through-hole corresponding with the fertile hole that falls on the fertile bottom plate to distribute on the fertile volume control baffle, and the through-hole diameter is than the fertile hole that falls that corresponds with it 2-3mm less.
The fertilizer box bottom plate below is provided with fertilizer box lower floor bottom plate, and fertilizer box bottom plate passes through the bolt and is in the same place with fertilizer box lower floor bottom plate, and honeycomb briquette shape fertilizer delivery tray is located between fertilizer box bottom plate and the fertilizer box lower floor bottom plate, and honeycomb briquette shape fertilizer delivery tray dustcoat has takes the brush to support the sleeve, takes the brush to support the sleeve to fix on fertilizer box lower floor bottom plate.
The honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer tray central shaft is connected with a transmission shaft II in a key manner, a straight bevel gear is connected to the transmission shaft II, a transmission shaft I is arranged at the lower part of the fertilizer box and connected to the box body support, a transmission bevel gear is arranged on the transmission shaft I, and the straight bevel gear is meshed with the transmission bevel gear.
The honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer plate is provided with a plurality of equal-sized fertilizer discharging holes in equiangular arrangement, the big holes are coaxially arranged on the outer ring, the small holes are arranged on the inner ring, two fertilizer discharging holes with different sizes are formed in the bottom plate of the lower layer of the fertilizer box, the big fertilizer discharging holes are formed in the left half side of the bottom plate of the lower layer of the fertilizer box, the vertical distance between the big fertilizer discharging holes and the central axis of the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer plate is consistent with the radius of a circle where the big fertilizer discharging holes are formed, the diameter of the big fertilizer discharging holes is 2-3mm larger than that of the big fertilizer discharging holes, the small fertilizer discharging holes are formed in the right half side of the bottom plate of the lower layer of the fertilizer box, the vertical distance between the small fertilizer discharging holes and the central axis of the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer plate is consistent with the radius of the circle where the small fertilizer discharging holes are formed, and the diameter of the small fertilizer discharging holes is 2-3mm larger than that of the small fertilizer discharging holes.
The fertilizer outlet of the bottom plate of the lower layer of the fertilizer box is connected with a fertilizer delivery pipe, a furrow opener is arranged in front of the side of the fertilizer applying mechanism, the furrow opener is fixed on the frame, a fertilizer discharge pipe is arranged on the furrow opener, and the fertilizer delivery pipe is connected with the fertilizer discharge pipe.
The transmission system comprises a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and a chain, wherein the land wheel is fixed on a land wheel shaft through a bearing with a seat, the land wheel shaft is connected on the frame through a bolt, the driving sprocket is in interference fit with the land wheel shaft, the driven sprocket is arranged at the end part of the transmission shaft I, and the driving sprocket is connected with the driven sprocket through the chain.
The rotary tillage mechanism is located the lower place ahead of frame, and rotary tillage mechanism includes the rotary blade axle, is connected with the rotary blade on the rotary blade axle, and the top of rotary blade axle is provided with the top cap, and the top cap is fixed on the frame, is provided with the reducing gear box on the top cap, and two output shafts of reducing gear box are all connected with the one end of rotary blade axle through the shaft coupling, and the other end of rotary blade axle is connected on the curb plate, and the curb plate is fixed on the frame, and the centre of two sections rotary blade axles is provided with the plough point, and the plough point passes through the bolt fastening in shaft coupling department.
The ridging mechanism comprises 2-4 groups of ridging plates, each group of ridging plates comprises a left ridging plate and a right ridging plate, the ridging plates are connected to the frame through connecting rods, the connecting rods are connected with the frame through bolts, a ridging height control plate is arranged between the left ridging plates and the right ridging plates, the ridging height control plate is connected to the frame through the connecting rods, a ridging distance adjusting plate is connected between one group of right ridging plates and the left ridging plates of the adjacent groups of the right ridging plates, and bar bolt holes are formed in the ridging distance adjusting plates.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the technical effects that the method can realize accurate use of the fertilizer, avoid the problems of missed application, broken application or stop application of the fertilizer during use, furthest increase the utilization rate of the fertilizer, relieve the problem of soil hardening caused by excessive use of the fertilizer, further reduce the post-topdressing labor amount caused by missed application or stop application, and reduce the cost for tobacco farmers. The device can complete rotary tillage, fertilization and ridging by one-time operation, completely meets the agronomic requirements of tobacco planting, and greatly relieves the problem of high labor cost.
The invention has general universality for various existing fertilized crops, is not limited to tobacco fertilization mainly mentioned in the invention, and solves the soil problem caused by unreasonable use of fertilizer due to the technical defects of an external sheave type fertilizer applicator.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the fertilizer mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the stirring device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic exploded view of the fertilizer apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the fertilizer box of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the fertilizer control baffle of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer distributor of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the brush supporting sleeve according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the rotary tillage mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the ridging mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the furrow opener of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the vertical honeycomb briquette-shaped tobacco rotary tillage ridging fertilizer applicator comprises a reduction gearbox 1, a rotary tillage mechanism 2, a furrow opener 4, a ridging mechanism 5, a land wheel 6, a frame 7, a transmission mechanism 8 and a fertilizer application mechanism 9 which are connected with a frame. The rotary tillage mechanism 2 is powered by a tractor and is used for rotary tillage and crushing of tobacco field soil, when the tractor advances, the tractor drives a land wheel to rotate, the fertilizer applying mechanism 9 is driven by the transmission mechanism 8 to conduct fertilizer discharging, fertilizer is connected into a fertilizer discharging pipe on the furrow opener 4 through the fertilizer conveying pipe 3 and then is applied into furrows, so that accurate application of the base fertilizer of the ridges before tobacco transplanting is realized, ridging is conducted by the ridging mechanism 5 after fertilizer discharging, and rotary tillage, fertilizer application and ridging operation before tobacco transplanting are completed once.
As shown in fig. 2 and4, the fertilizer applying mechanism 9 is mounted on the frame 7, the frame 7 is provided with a land wheel 6, the land wheel 6 is connected with the fertilizer applying mechanism 9 through the transmission system 8, the fertilizer applying mechanism 9 comprises a fertilizer box 90, a fertilizer box bottom plate 900 is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box 90, a fertilizer falling hole 901 is formed in the fertilizer box bottom plate 900, the fertilizer box 90 is arranged on a beam support arm 93, the beam support arm 93 is supported by box supports 94 on two sides of the fertilizer box, the box supports 94 are mounted on the frame 7, a stirring device 92 is arranged in the middle of the fertilizer box 90, the stirring device 92 is connected between the box supports 94 on two sides, one end of the stirring device 92 is connected with a variable frequency motor 91, and the variable frequency motor 91 drives the stirring device 92 to stir.
As shown in fig. 3, the stirring device 92 is a steel wire with elasticity, a part of the stirring device 92 in the fertilizer box 90 is spiral, the rest is linear, the stirring device 92 can continuously stir the fertilizer in the fertilizer application process, the agglomerated fertilizer caused by extrusion is crushed, and the problems of no fertilizer discharge, fertilizer leakage, and the like caused by arching of the granular fertilizer at the fertilizer discharge port can be avoided.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, 1-4 fertilizer boxes 90 are arranged on a beam support arm 93, the fertilizer boxes 90 are sequentially arranged according to the spacing between ridges of a tobacco field, the fertilizer boxes 90 are welded on a fertilizer box bottom plate 900, a fertilizer quantity control baffle 902 is embedded in the lower surface of the fertilizer box bottom plate 900, a square groove is formed in the lower surface of the fertilizer box bottom plate 900, the fertilizer quantity control baffle 902 is embedded in the square groove, and the baffle is pulled to control the contact area between holes on the fertilizer quantity control baffle 902 and fertilizer falling holes 901, so that the purpose of controlling the fertilizer quantity is achieved.
As shown in fig. 6, a partition 903 is arranged in the middle of the fertilizer box, the fertilizer box is divided into two parts, two kinds of fertilizers can be applied simultaneously in the fertilizer box, fertilizer falling holes 901 on the right side of the partition 903 are large holes, fertilizer falling holes 901 on the left side of the partition are small holes, two fertilizer quantity control baffles 902 are arranged, through holes corresponding to the fertilizer falling holes 901 on the bottom plate of the fertilizer box are distributed on the fertilizer quantity control baffles 902, and the diameter of each through hole is 2-3mm smaller than that of each fertilizer falling hole 901 corresponding to the corresponding fertilizer falling hole.
As shown in fig. 4, a lower bottom plate 904 of the fertilizer box is arranged below the bottom plate 900 of the fertilizer box, the bottom plate 900 of the fertilizer box is connected with the lower bottom plate 904 of the fertilizer box and the cross beam support arm 93 together through bolts, a honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer tray 905 is arranged between the bottom plate 900 of the fertilizer box and the lower bottom plate 904 of the fertilizer box, a transmission shaft II 906 is connected at the central shaft of the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer tray 905 in a key manner, a straight bevel gear 907 is connected on the transmission shaft II 906, a transmission shaft I95 is arranged at the lower part of the fertilizer box 90, the transmission shaft I95 is connected on the box support 94, a transmission bevel gear 951 is arranged on the transmission shaft I95, the straight bevel gear 907 is meshed with the transmission bevel gear, the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer tray 905 is covered with a brush support sleeve 908, the brush support sleeve 908 is concentric with the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer tray 905, the fertilizer is supported and the fertilizer cannot leak from gaps, and the fertilizer is completely dropped into the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer tray, and the brush support sleeve 908 is fixed on the lower bottom plate 904 of the fertilizer box.
As shown in fig. 8, the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer tray 905 is provided with a fertilizer hole 909, the fertilizer hole 909 comprises a circle of small fertilizer holes and a circle of large fertilizer holes, the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer tray 905 imitates a honeycomb briquette structure, the large fertilizer holes 909 with equal number are arranged in equal angles and are arranged coaxially, wherein the large holes are arranged on the outer ring, the small holes are arranged on the inner ring, the bottom plate 904 of the lower layer of the fertilizer box is provided with two large fertilizer outlets 910 which are arranged on the left side of the transmission shaft II 906, the vertical distance between the large fertilizer outlets and the central axis of the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer tray 905 is consistent with the radius of the circle where the large fertilizer holes are located, the diameter of the large fertilizer outlets is larger than the diameter of the large fertilizer holes by 2-3mm, the small fertilizer outlets are arranged on the right side of the transmission shaft II 906, the vertical distance between the small fertilizer outlets and the central axis of the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer tray 905 is consistent with the radius of the circle where the small fertilizer holes are located, and the diameter of the small fertilizer outlets is larger than the diameter of the small fertilizer holes by 2-3mm.
In the invention, the fertilizer falling holes 901 on the bottom plate 900 of the fertilizer box are large holes on the right side, small holes on the left side, the large fertilizer outlet on the bottom plate 904 of the lower layer of the fertilizer box is positioned on the left side, and the small fertilizer outlet is positioned on the right side, so that the positions of the large fertilizer outlet and the small fertilizer outlet on the bottom plate of the fertilizer box are opposite, and the large holes and the small holes on the bottom plate of the fertilizer box are staggered, so that the fertilizer discharge is more stable and uniform, and the problems of less application, more application, missing application or stopping application are avoided. The aperture size of the fertilizer outlet 910 is 2-3mm larger than the corresponding big small hole size on the bottom plate of the fertilizer box, so that the fertilizer stored in the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer tray can easily fall into the fertilizer delivery pipe smoothly.
As shown in fig. 12, the fertilizer outlet 910 of the bottom plate 904 of the lower layer of the fertilizer box is connected with the fertilizer delivery pipe 3, the fertilizer delivery pipe is connected with the furrow opener 4, the fertilizer delivery pipe 41 is arranged on the furrow opener, the fertilizer delivery pipe 3 is connected with the fertilizer delivery pipe 41, the fertilizer discharged by the fertilizer applying mechanism 9 is connected into the fertilizer delivery pipe on the furrow opener 4 through the fertilizer delivery pipe 3, and the furrow opener 4 furrows to apply the fertilizer into the ridge body.
As shown in fig. 10, the transmission system 8 includes a driving sprocket 81, a driven sprocket 82 and a chain 83, the land wheel 6 is fixed on a land wheel shaft by a belt bearing, the land wheel shaft is connected on the frame 7 by a bolt, the driving sprocket 81 is interference fit on the land wheel shaft, the driven sprocket 82 is provided at an end of a transmission shaft i 95, and the driving sprocket 81 is connected with the driven sprocket 82 by the chain 83. After the land wheel rotates, the driving sprocket 81 is driven to rotate through the land wheel shaft, the chain is driven to drive the driven sprocket to rotate, the transmission shaft I95 rotates along with the driven sprocket 82, the transmission bevel gear 951 on the transmission shaft I95 is meshed with the straight bevel gear 907, and therefore the straight bevel gear 907 and the transmission shaft II 906 are driven to rotate together by the rotation of the transmission shaft I95, and accordingly the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer discharging disc 905 rotates.
After fertilizer is applied to the fertilizer box, the fertilizer falls into the fertilizer discharge hole 909 through the holes on the fertilizer falling hole 901 and the fertilizer quantity control baffle 902, and along with the rotation of the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer discharge disc 905, the fertilizer is discharged from the fertilizer outlet 910 and enters into the fertilizer pipe, as shown in fig. 5, the fertilizer in the large fertilizer discharge hole of the outer ring can only be discharged from the large fertilizer outlet on the left side, and the fertilizer in the small fertilizer discharge hole of the inner ring can only be discharged from the small fertilizer outlet on the right side, so that the fertilizer quantity can be better controlled. If the positions of the two fertilizer outlets are interchanged, when the fertilizer falling hole 901, the fertilizer discharging hole 909 and the fertilizer outlet 910 are on the same line, more fertilizer in the fertilizer box falls, and the control of the fertilizer application amount is not easy.
As shown in fig. 10, a rotary tillage mechanism 2 is arranged at the lower front part of a frame 7, the rotary tillage mechanism 2 comprises a rotary tillage cutter shaft 21, rotary tillage cutters 22 are connected to the rotary tillage cutter shaft 21 through bolts, a top cover 23 is arranged above the rotary tillage cutter shaft 21, the top cover 23 is fixed to the frame 7 and used for providing protection for the upper part of the rotary tillage cutters, a reduction gearbox 1 is arranged on the top cover 23, two output shafts of the reduction gearbox 1 are connected with one end of the rotary tillage cutter shaft 21 through a shaft coupling, the other end of the rotary tillage cutter shaft 21 is connected with a connecting flange on a side plate 24 through bolts, the side plate 24 is fixed to the frame 7, a plough point 25 is arranged between the two sections of rotary tillage cutter shafts 21, and the plough point 25 is fixed to the shaft coupling through bolts. As the coupling between the two sections of rotary tillage cutter shafts is not connected with the rotary tillage cutter, the plough tip 25 is arranged to avoid omission in rotary tillage.
As shown in fig. 11, the ridging mechanism 5 comprises 2-4 groups of ridging plates, each group of ridging plates comprises a left ridging plate 51 and a right ridging plate 52, the ridging plates are connected to the frame 7 through connecting rods 53, the ridging plates are welded to the connecting rods 53, the connecting rods 53 are connected with the frame 7 through bolts, when the upper and lower heights and the left and right positions of the ridging plates need to be adjusted, the ridging height control plates 54 are arranged between the left ridging plates 51 and the right ridging plates 52 through loose bolts, the ridging height control plates 54 are connected to the frame 7 through the connecting rods 53, the height of the ridging height control plates 54 can be changed through adjusting the bolts connecting the connecting rods 53 with the frame 7, so that the height of a ridge is controlled, the width of the ridge body is adjusted through adjusting the distance between the two side ridging plates, a group of right ridging plates 52 is connected with a left ridging distance adjusting plate 55 between the adjacent groups of the ridging plates, the two groups of ridging distance adjusting plates 55 are provided with strip-shaped bolt holes 56, and when the two groups of ridging height control plates can be arranged at one time through left and right ridging plates and right sliding of the bolt holes 56. The ridge distance adjusting plate 55 can ensure that no soil is accumulated in the furrows after ridging is completed.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
The whole machine is driven by a tractor through three-point suspension, a tractor universal transmission device is transmitted to an input shaft of a reduction gearbox 1, an output shaft of the reduction gearbox is transmitted to a rotary blade shaft to drive the rotary blade shaft to rotate, rotary blades on the rotary blade shaft carry out rotary tillage on a tobacco field, meanwhile, the whole machine moves forwards to drive a land wheel 6 to rotate, power is transmitted to a driven sprocket 82 through a chain 83 by a driving sprocket 81 on the land wheel shaft, the driven sprocket 82 drives a transmission shaft I95 to rotate, a transmission bevel gear 951 on the transmission shaft I95 enables a transmission shaft II 906 to rotate through meshing, so that a honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer disc 905 rotates, fertilizer is discharged through the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer disc 905 and falls into a fertilizer discharge pipe 41 on a furrow opener 4 through a fertilizer delivery pipe 3, and the furrow opener 4 furrows to apply the fertilizer into soil; then ridging the fertilized area by a ridging mechanism 5, fixing fertilizer in the ridge body, completing rotary tillage, fertilization and ridging operation, and waiting for later tobacco transplanting.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several changes and modifications can be made without departing from the general inventive concept, and these should also be regarded as the scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1.一种立式蜂窝煤形烟草旋耕起垄施肥机，包括旋耕机构（2）、起垄机构（5）和施肥机构（9），其特征在于：所述施肥机构（9）安装在车架（7）上，车架（7）两侧均安装有箱体支架（94），箱体支架（94）上支撑有横梁支臂（93），车架（7）上设置有地轮（6），地轮（6）通过传动系统（8）与施肥机构（9）连接，施肥机构（9）包括肥箱（90），肥箱（90）设置在横梁支臂（93）上，肥箱（90）底部设置有肥箱底板（900），肥箱底板（900）上设置有落肥孔（901），肥箱底板（900）下方设置有蜂窝煤形排肥盘（905），蜂窝煤形排肥盘（905）上设置有排肥孔（909）；1. A vertical honeycomb briquette-shaped tobacco rotary tillage and ridging fertilization machine, comprising a rotary tillage mechanism (2), a ridging mechanism (5) and a fertilization mechanism (9), characterized in that: the fertilization mechanism (9) is mounted on a vehicle frame (7), box supports (94) are mounted on both sides of the vehicle frame (7), a crossbeam support arm (93) is supported on the box support (94), a ground wheel (6) is arranged on the vehicle frame (7), the ground wheel (6) is connected to the fertilization mechanism (9) through a transmission system (8), the fertilization mechanism (9) comprises a fertilizer box (90), the fertilizer box (90) is arranged on the crossbeam support arm (93), a fertilizer box bottom plate (900) is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box (90), a fertilizer drop hole (901) is arranged on the fertilizer box bottom plate (900), a honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer discharge plate (905) is arranged below the fertilizer box bottom plate (900), and a fertilizer discharge hole (909) is arranged on the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer discharge plate (905); 所述肥箱（90）的中间部位设置有搅拌装置（92），搅拌装置（92）连接在两侧的箱体支架（94）之间，搅拌装置（92）的一端连接有变频电机（91），搅拌装置（92）为带有弹性的钢丝，搅拌装置（92）在肥箱（90）中的部分为螺旋形，其余为直线形；A stirring device (92) is provided in the middle of the fertilizer box (90), the stirring device (92) is connected between the box supports (94) on both sides, one end of the stirring device (92) is connected to a variable frequency motor (91), the stirring device (92) is a steel wire with elasticity, the portion of the stirring device (92) in the fertilizer box (90) is spiral-shaped, and the rest is linear; 所述横梁支臂（93）上设置有1-4个肥箱（90），肥箱（90）焊接在肥箱底板（900）上，肥箱底板（900）下表面嵌有肥量控制挡板（902），肥箱中间设置有隔板（903），隔板（903）右侧的落肥孔（901）为大孔，隔板左侧的落肥孔（901）为小孔，肥量控制挡板（902）设置有两块，肥量控制挡板（902）上分布有与肥箱底板上的落肥孔（901）相对应的通孔，且通孔直径比与之对应的落肥孔（901）小2-3mm；One to four fertilizer boxes (90) are arranged on the crossbeam support arm (93), the fertilizer box (90) is welded to the fertilizer box bottom plate (900), a fertilizer quantity control baffle (902) is embedded on the lower surface of the fertilizer box bottom plate (900), a partition (903) is arranged in the middle of the fertilizer box, the fertilizer drop hole (901) on the right side of the partition (903) is a large hole, and the fertilizer drop hole (901) on the left side of the partition is a small hole, two fertilizer quantity control baffles (902) are arranged, and through holes corresponding to the fertilizer drop holes (901) on the fertilizer box bottom plate are distributed on the fertilizer quantity control baffle (902), and the diameter of the through holes is 2-3 mm smaller than the corresponding fertilizer drop holes (901); 所述肥箱底板（900）下方设置有肥箱下层底板（904），肥箱底板（900）通过螺栓与肥箱下层底板（904）、横梁支臂（93）连接在一起，蜂窝煤形排肥盘（905）位于肥箱底板（900）与肥箱下层底板（904）之间，蜂窝煤形排肥盘（905）外罩有带毛刷支撑套筒（908），带毛刷支撑套筒（908）固定在肥箱下层底板（904）上；A fertilizer box lower floor plate (904) is provided below the fertilizer box bottom plate (900); the fertilizer box bottom plate (900) is connected to the fertilizer box lower floor plate (904) and the crossbeam support arm (93) by bolts; a honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer discharging plate (905) is located between the fertilizer box bottom plate (900) and the fertilizer box lower floor plate (904); the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer discharging plate (905) is covered with a brush-carrying support sleeve (908); and the brush-carrying support sleeve (908) is fixed to the fertilizer box lower floor plate (904); 所述蜂窝煤形排肥盘（905）中心轴处键连接有传动轴Ⅱ（906），传动轴Ⅱ（906）上连接有直齿锥齿轮（907），肥箱（90）的下部设置有传动轴Ⅰ（95），传动轴Ⅰ（95）连接在箱体支架（94）上，传动轴Ⅰ（95）上设置有传动锥齿轮（951），直齿锥齿轮（907）与传动锥齿轮啮合；A transmission shaft II (906) is keyed to the central axis of the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer discharging plate (905), a spur bevel gear (907) is connected to the transmission shaft II (906), a transmission shaft I (95) is arranged at the lower part of the fertilizer box (90), the transmission shaft I (95) is connected to the box support (94), a transmission bevel gear (951) is arranged on the transmission shaft I (95), and the spur bevel gear (907) meshes with the transmission bevel gear; 所述蜂窝煤形排肥盘（905）上等角度排列有数量相等的大小排肥孔（909），且大小孔同轴心排列，其中大孔排列在外圈，小孔排列在内圈，肥箱下层底板（904）上设置有大小不同的两个出肥口（910），大出肥口位于肥箱下层底板（904）的左半侧，大出肥口距离蜂窝煤形排肥盘（905）的中心轴线的垂直距离与大排肥孔所在圆圈的半径一致，大出肥口直径大于大排肥孔直径2-3mm，小出肥口位于肥箱下层底板（904）的右半侧，小出肥口距离蜂窝煤形排肥盘（905）的中心轴线的垂直距离与小排肥孔所在圆圈的半径一致，小出肥口的直径大于小排肥孔的直径2-3mm；The honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer discharging plate (905) has equal numbers of large and small fertilizer discharging holes (909) arranged at equal angles, and the large and small holes are arranged coaxially, wherein the large holes are arranged in an outer circle and the small holes are arranged in an inner circle. Two fertilizer outlets (910) of different sizes are provided on the lower bottom plate (904) of the fertilizer box. The large fertilizer outlet is located on the left half of the lower bottom plate (904) of the fertilizer box. The vertical distance between the large fertilizer outlet and the central axis of the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer discharging plate (905) is consistent with the radius of the circle where the large fertilizer discharging holes are located. The diameter of the large fertilizer outlet is 2-3 mm larger than the diameter of the large fertilizer discharging holes. The small fertilizer outlet is located on the right half of the lower bottom plate (904) of the fertilizer box. The vertical distance between the small fertilizer outlet and the central axis of the honeycomb briquette-shaped fertilizer discharging plate (905) is consistent with the radius of the circle where the small fertilizer discharging holes are located. The diameter of the small fertilizer outlet is 2-3 mm larger than the diameter of the small fertilizer discharging holes. 所述肥箱下层底板（904）的出肥口（910）与输肥管（3）连接，施肥机构（9）侧前方设置有开沟器（4），开沟器（4）固定在车架上，开沟器（4）上设置有排肥管（41），输肥管（3）与排肥管（41）连接。The fertilizer outlet (910) of the lower floor plate (904) of the fertilizer box is connected to the fertilizer delivery pipe (3), a furrow opener (4) is arranged on the front side of the fertilizing mechanism (9), the furrow opener (4) is fixed on the vehicle frame, a fertilizer discharge pipe (41) is arranged on the furrow opener (4), and the fertilizer delivery pipe (3) is connected to the fertilizer discharge pipe (41). 2.如权利要求1所述的立式蜂窝煤形烟草旋耕起垄施肥机，其特征在于：所述传动系统（8）包括主动链轮（81）、从动链轮（82）和链条（83），地轮（6）通过带座轴承固定在地轮轴上，地轮轴通过螺栓连接在车架（7）上，主动链轮（81）过盈配合在地轮轴上，从动链轮（82）设置在传动轴Ⅰ（95）的端部，主动链轮（81）与从动链轮（82）通过链条（83）连接。2. The vertical honeycomb briquette-shaped tobacco rotary tillage and ridging fertilizer applicator as described in claim 1 is characterized in that: the transmission system (8) includes a driving sprocket (81), a driven sprocket (82) and a chain (83), the ground wheel (6) is fixed to the ground wheel shaft through a seat bearing, the ground wheel shaft is connected to the frame (7) by bolts, the driving sprocket (81) is interference fit on the ground wheel shaft, the driven sprocket (82) is arranged at the end of the transmission shaft I (95), and the driving sprocket (81) and the driven sprocket (82) are connected by a chain (83). 3.如权利要求1所述的立式蜂窝煤形烟草旋耕起垄施肥机，其特征在于：所述旋耕机构（2）位于车架（7）的下前方，旋耕机构（2）包括旋耕刀轴（21），旋耕刀轴（21）上连接有旋耕刀（22），旋耕刀轴（21）的上方设置有顶盖（23），顶盖（23）固定在车架（7）上，顶盖（23）上设置有减速箱（1），减速箱（1）的两个输出轴均通过联轴器与旋耕刀轴（21）的一端连接，旋耕刀轴（21）的另一端连接在侧板（24）上，侧板（24）固定在车架（7）上，两段旋耕刀轴（21）的中间设置有犁尖（25），犁尖（25）通过螺栓固定在联轴器处。3. The vertical honeycomb briquette-shaped tobacco rotary tillage ridging fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the rotary tillage mechanism (2) is located at the lower front of the frame (7), the rotary tillage mechanism (2) includes a rotary tillage blade shaft (21), a rotary tillage blade (22) is connected to the rotary tillage blade shaft (21), a top cover (23) is arranged above the rotary tillage blade shaft (21), the top cover (23) is fixed to the frame (7), a reduction box (1) is arranged on the top cover (23), two output shafts of the reduction box (1) are connected to one end of the rotary tillage blade shaft (21) through a coupling, the other end of the rotary tillage blade shaft (21) is connected to a side plate (24), the side plate (24) is fixed to the frame (7), a plow point (25) is arranged in the middle of the two sections of the rotary tillage blade shaft (21), and the plow point (25) is fixed to the coupling by bolts. 4.如权利要求1或3所述的立式蜂窝煤形烟草旋耕起垄施肥机，其特征在于：所述起垄机构（5）包括2-4组的起垄板，每组的起垄板均包括左侧起垄板（51）和右侧起垄板（52），起垄板通过连杆（53）连接在车架（7）上，连杆（53）与车架（7）螺栓连接，左侧起垄板（51）和右侧起垄板（52）之间设置有垄体高度控制板（54），垄体高度控制板（54）通过连杆（53）连接在车架（7）上，其中一组的右侧起垄板（52）与其相邻组的左侧起垄板（51）之间连接有垄距调节板（55），垄距调节板（55）上设置有条形螺栓孔（56）。4. The vertical honeycomb briquette-shaped tobacco rotary tillage and ridging fertilization machine according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the ridging mechanism (5) includes 2-4 groups of ridging plates, each group of ridging plates includes a left ridging plate (51) and a right ridging plate (52), the ridging plates are connected to the frame (7) through a connecting rod (53), the connecting rod (53) is bolted to the frame (7), a ridge body height control plate (54) is arranged between the left ridging plate (51) and the right ridging plate (52), the ridge body height control plate (54) is connected to the frame (7) through a connecting rod (53), a ridge spacing adjustment plate (55) is connected between the right ridging plate (52) of one group and the left ridging plate (51) of its adjacent group, and the ridge spacing adjustment plate (55) is provided with a strip bolt hole (56).
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