CN109325306B - Local plane-based arbitrary curved surface conformal array modeling method - Google Patents
Local plane-based arbitrary curved surface conformal array modeling method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a local plane-based arbitrary curved surface conformal array modeling method, which comprises the following steps: optimizing and obtaining the size of each array element on the selected reflecting curved surface according to an array element model, wherein the array elements are conformal to the reflecting curved surface; dividing grids for the reflecting curved surface, wherein the two-dimensional size of each grid is arranged corresponding to the spacing of planar array elements; establishing a basic coordinate system by taking any array element as an origin to obtain grid information of each grid on the reflecting curved surface; a square platform is established corresponding to the center of each grid, and the platform and the reflecting curved surface are combined into a whole; performing rotation operation and translation operation on the array elements at the original points; in the basic coordinate system, performing the rotation operation and the translation operation on each array element to obtain a whole conformal array; the method obviously improves the efficiency of the modeling of the curved surface array, greatly reduces the arrangement time of the array elements and simultaneously improves the accuracy of the modeling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of conformal array modeling, in particular to an arbitrary curved surface conformal array modeling method based on a local plane.
Background
In recent years, in order to meet the requirements of other integrated electronic platforms such as communication platforms, radar observation platforms, etc., antennas are continuously improved in shape to reduce the influence of the antennas on the aerodynamic performance of the platforms, and Conformal Array Antennas (CAA) have been a research hotspot because they are beneficial to improving the stealth performance of radar platforms and the combat performance of weaponry.
The conformal array is an antenna with array units arranged on the surface of a fixed carrying platform according to a certain rule, and the array surface is matched with the surface of the carrying platform. Compared with a planar array, the conformal array obviously improves the space utilization rate. When the scanning angle of the planar array is larger, the aperture area of the antenna is compressed due to the cos theta rule, and the gain is reduced; variations in coupling between the elements cause the antenna radiated power to decrease sharply until the power is completely cancelled and a "scanning blind spot" occurs. The conformal array elements are arranged in a conformal manner with the carrier, the maximum direction is along the normal direction of the curved surface, the direction is more diversified, and the excellent performance can be kept when the scanning angle is larger.
In the world, large ground phased array radar carriers are mostly regular rotating bodies such as cylinders, hemispheres and cones. However, the ever increasing military and communications needs have prompted the emergence of conformal arrays of complex shapes. The radar system is a 'Ferkang' radar system in Israel, can be modified by a common civil aviation passenger plane, and is additionally provided with full-solid-state point scanning phased array radars on the nose, the tail and two sides of the fuselage, so that full-airspace coverage is realized, and the shielding and interference of the fuselage, the wings and the tail are effectively eliminated. The early warning machine adopting the 'Ferkang' system has excellent performance, can provide 360-degree omnidirectional coverage, and can search and monitor land, water surface and aerial targets in an omnibearing manner. However, as the complexity of the appearance of the carrier platform is continuously improved, the existing conformal array modeling method has the disadvantages of low modeling speed, long array element arrangement time and low modeling accuracy for any curved surface.
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the inventors of the present invention have finally obtained the present invention through a long period of research and practice.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical defects, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the method for modeling the random curved surface conformal array based on the local plane comprises the following steps of;
s1, optimizing and obtaining the size of each array element on a selected reflection curved surface according to an array element model, wherein the array element is integrally conformal to the reflection curved surface;
s2, dividing grids for the reflecting curved surface, wherein the two-dimensional size of each grid is arranged corresponding to the interval of planar array elements;
s3, establishing a basic coordinate system by taking any one array element as an origin to obtain grid information of each grid on the reflecting curved surface;
s4, a square platform is established corresponding to the center of each grid, and the platform and the reflecting curved surface are combined into a whole;
s5, performing rotation operation and translation operation on the array elements positioned at the original points;
and S6, performing the rotation operation and the translation operation on each array element in the basic coordinate system to obtain the whole conformal array.
Preferably, the two-dimensional size of the grid is larger than the planar array element spacing.
Preferably, the grid information is a center coordinate, a normal direction vector, a coordinate of each node, and a reference direction vector of each grid.
Preferably, the reference direction vector is consistent with a connecting direction of two adjacent nodes of the grid.
Specifically, in step S4, the size of the upper surface of the platform is the same as the size of the lower surface of the array element, and the upper surface of the platform is perpendicular to the normal direction vector.
Preferably, in the step S5, the process of rotating the array elements is to make the maximum radiation direction of the array elements coincide with the normal direction of the grid, and the corresponding edge of the lower surface of the array elements is consistent with the reference direction.
Preferably, in the step S5, the array element is translated to the central position of the grid in a process that the array element is translated, and the geometric center of the array element is overlapped with the center of the grid; and translating the array elements along the normal direction vector of the grid until the lower surfaces of the array elements coincide with the upper surface of the platform.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for modeling the arbitrary curved surface conformal array remarkably improves the efficiency of modeling the curved surface array, greatly reduces the arrangement time of the array elements, and simultaneously improves the modeling accuracy, wherein the phase center position and the polarization direction of each array element are included, thereby being convenient for the later test and debugging of the antenna performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an arbitrary curved surface conformal array modeling method based on a local plane according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a back surface of an arbitrary surface subdivision grid based on a local plane.
The figures in the drawings represent:
1-an antenna; 2-a reflective curved surface; 21-a grid; 22-a platform.
Detailed Description
The above and further features and advantages of the present invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the modeling method for any curved conformal array based on local plane according to the present invention; the invention relates to a local plane-based arbitrary curved surface conformal array modeling method, which comprises the following steps of;
s1, optimizing and obtaining the size of each array element 1 on a selected reflection curved surface 2 according to an array element model, wherein the array element 1 is integrally conformal to the reflection curved surface 2;
specifically, the lower surface of each array element 1 is a plane, and the shape of the lower surface can be a rectangle, a circle or any other figure; the lower surfaces of all the array elements 1 are fixed on the reflecting curved surface 2 through a platform 22, so that the array elements 1 are integrally conformal to the reflecting curved surface 2; the sizes of the array elements 1 are the same, and the sizes of the upper surface and the lower surface of the array elements 1 are smaller than the space between the planar array elements;
s2, dividing grids for the reflecting curved surface 2, wherein the two-dimensional size Dx and Dy of each grid 21 are correspondingly arranged with the space between the planar array elements;
s3, establishing a basic coordinate system by taking any one array element 1 as an origin to obtain grid information of each grid 21 on the reflecting curved surface 2;
s4, establishing the square platform 22 corresponding to the center of each grid 21, wherein the platform 22 and the reflecting curved surface are combined into a whole;
s5, performing rotation operation and translation operation on the array element 1 at the original point;
and S6, in the basic coordinate system, performing the rotation operation and the translation operation on each array element 1 to obtain the whole conformal array.
Preferably, the two-dimensional dimensions Dx and Dy of the grid 21 are slightly larger than the planar array element spacing.
In this embodiment, the platform 22 is disposed at the lower part of the array element 1.
Specifically, in the step S1, the array element model optimization may be implemented by combining a genetic algorithm and a finite element electromagnetic calculation method, so as to obtain the size of the lower surface of the array element and the size of each component of the array element 1; the genetic algorithm is an optimization method for transmitting optimal variable information to a current variable through hybridization and mutation.
Specifically, the array element model optimization process is to optimize simulation model parameters to be optimized as variables of a genetic algorithm, and set iteration times and convergence accuracy; substituting the initial variable value into the electromagnetic simulation script to calculate a simulation result, wherein the initial variable value is a numerical value directly obtained from a simulation model parameter, and the simulation result and a simulation target are combined and converted into a fitness value; and adding the variable information of the obtained optimal fitness value into each current variable in a heredity and variation mode, and performing the next iteration again and continuously until a solution meeting the conditions is obtained or the set iteration times is reached.
Preferably, the grid information is a center coordinate, a normal direction vector, a coordinate of each node, and a reference direction vector of each grid 21 in the basic coordinate system.
Preferably, the reference direction vector coincides with a direction of a connecting line between two adjacent nodes of the grid 21.
Specifically, in step S4, the size of the upper surface of the platform 22 is consistent with the size of the lower surface of the array element 1, and the upper surface of the platform 22 is perpendicular to the normal direction vector corresponding to the grid 21.
Preferably, in step S5, the specific process of rotating the array element 1 is to make the maximum radiation direction of the array element 1 coincide with the normal direction vector of the grid 21, and the corresponding edge of the lower surface of the array element 1 is consistent with the reference direction vector corresponding to the grid 21.
Preferably, in step S5, the specific process of translating the array element 1 is that the array element 1 translates to the central position of the grid 21, and the geometric center of the array element 1 coincides with the center of the grid 21; the array element 1 is translated along the normal direction vector of the grid 21 until the lower surface of the array element 1 coincides with the upper surface of the platform 22.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, a point a, a point B, a point C, and a point D are four nodes of the array element.
The design of the conformal array with any curved surface focuses on array element arrangement, and different arrangements correspond to different grids, which is similar to mesh generation on the curved surface.
The method can be used for mesh generation of the complex curved surface, and the mesh generation process can be implemented by software such as Hypermesh and COMSOL. All the grid information can be output after the required grid parameters are set through inputting the curved surface model. Furthermore, script modeling is carried out through an electromagnetic simulation technology; if the information such as the position, the polarization direction and the like of each array element in the conformal array is obtained, the modeling of the full array surface can be completed through the electromagnetic modeling script.
The method for modeling the conformal array of any curved surface divides the mesh of any curved surface in the modeling process, and uses the mesh information for compiling the electromagnetic simulation script. The micro-strip array elements need to be fixed on the platform, a plurality of platforms integrated with the curved surface are built on the curved surface, and the array elements are placed on the corresponding platforms. The method for modeling the arbitrary curved surface conformal array remarkably improves the efficiency of modeling the curved surface array, greatly reduces the arrangement time of the array elements, and simultaneously improves the modeling accuracy, wherein the phase center position and the polarization direction of each array element are included, thereby being convenient for the later test and debugging of the antenna performance.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, which is intended to be illustrative and not limiting. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many variations, modifications, and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A modeling method of any curved surface conformal array based on local plane is characterized by comprising the following steps;
s1, optimizing and obtaining the size of each array element on a selected reflection curved surface according to an array element model, wherein the array elements are conformal to the reflection curved surface;
s2, dividing grids for the reflecting curved surface, wherein the two-dimensional size of each grid is arranged corresponding to the interval of planar array elements;
s3, establishing a basic coordinate system by taking any array element as an origin to obtain grid information of each grid on the reflecting curved surface;
s4, a square platform is established corresponding to the center of each grid, and the platform and the reflecting curved surface are combined into a whole;
s5, performing rotation operation and translation operation on the array elements positioned at the original points;
and S6, in the basic coordinate system, performing the rotation operation and the translation operation on each array element to obtain the whole conformal array.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the two dimensional size of the grid is larger than the planar array element spacing.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the grid information is a center coordinate, a normal direction vector, a coordinate of each node, and a reference direction vector of each grid.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the reference direction vector is aligned with a direction of a line connecting two adjacent nodes of the mesh.
5. The modeling method according to claim 3, wherein in step S4, the size of the upper surface of the platform is consistent with the size of the lower surface of the array element, and the upper surface of the platform is perpendicular to the normal direction vector.
6. The modeling method according to claim 3, wherein in step S5, the array elements are rotated such that the maximum radiation direction of the array elements coincides with the normal direction of the grid, and the corresponding side of the lower surface of the array elements coincides with the reference direction.
7. The modeling method according to claim 3, wherein in step S5, the array element is translated to the center of the grid, and the geometric center of the array element coincides with the center of the grid; and translating the array elements along the normal direction vector of the grid until the lower surfaces of the array elements coincide with the upper surface of the platform.
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