CN109297590A - A kind of infrared detector background radiation noise calculation method - Google Patents
A kind of infrared detector background radiation noise calculation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of infrared detector background radiation noise calculation methods to realize the purpose for calculating infrared detector background radiation noise by constructing infrared detector background radiation Noise Algorithm system.The photon emittance in photon emittance module (1) calculating background radiation source first；Photon illumination module (2) calculates the photon illumination for reaching infrared detector surface according to photon emittance；The electron number generated after photoelectric respone occurs according to photon luminance calculation detector for photoelectric respone module (3)；Ambient noise module (4) calculates infrared detector background radiation noise by electron number.This method calculates noise by the photon of background radiation, solves the problems, such as that previous infrared detector background radiation noise calculation method is not accurate enough.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of infrared detector noise calculation method, especially a kind of infrared detector background radiation noise
Calculation method.
Background technique
The detection range ability of infrared detection system is determined by the sensitivity of system, is calculating the sensitive of infrared detection system
When spending, the signal-to-noise ratio of computing system is needed, for the infrared detection system of background limit, system noise is mainly by infrared detector
Background radiation noise caused by, it is therefore desirable to it is accurate to calculate background radiation noise.In the past for infrared detector background radiation
The calculation method of noise carrys out calculating detector noise using the energy of background radiation, and the infrared spy of infrared detection system
Survey device is photon detector, and detector is in response to the photon of background radiation generation, and photoelectric effect occurs, rather than to background radiation
The response of energy, thus it is not accurate enough in the method for background radiation energy balane noise.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of infrared detector background radiation noise calculation methods, pass through background radiation
Photon calculates noise, solves the problems, such as that previous infrared detector background radiation noise calculation method is not accurate enough.
A kind of specific specific steps of infrared detector background radiation noise calculation method are as follows:
The first step constructs infrared detector background radiation Noise Algorithm system
Infrared detector background radiation noise calculation method system, comprising: photon emittance module, photon illumination module,
Photoelectric respone module and ambient noise module；
The photon emittance in second step photon emittance module calculating background radiation source；
Third step photon illumination module calculates the photon of background radiation source generation to the photon illumination on infrared detector surface；
The electron number generated after the photon of 4th step photoelectric respone module calculating infrared detector response background radiation；
5th step ambient noise module calculates infrared detector background radiation noise；
So far, the calculating of infrared detector background radiation noise is realized.
Further, in second step, photon emittance module calculates the photon emittance in background radiation source, background radiation
To space radiated photons flux, photon flux is the number of photons for emitting within the unit time, transmitting or receiving, photon outgoing in source
Degree is the photon flux that background radiation source per surface area emits into hemispherical space, according to planck formula, background radiation source
Photon emittance when ambient temperature is T, and wavelength is λ is expressed as Mq(λ, T):
In formula, Mq(λ, T) is photon emittance of the background radiation source in temperature T, when wavelength is λ；
λ is wavelength；
C is the light velocity in vacuum, c=2.99792458 × 108m/s；
H is Planck's constant, h=6.626176 × 10-34J·s；
K is Boltzmann constant, k=1.380662 × 10-23J·K-1。
Further, in the third step, photon illumination module calculates photon according to the photon emittance in background radiation source and arrives
Up to the photon illumination on infrared detector surface, the photon illumination on infrared detector surface is expressed as Eq:
In formula, EqFor the photon illumination on infrared detector surface；
εbFor effective black body emissivity in background radiation source；
λ1For the preceding cutoff wavelength of infrared detector response；
λ2For the rear cutoff wavelength of infrared detector response；
θ is subtended angle of the detector to background radiation source.
Further, in the 4th step, photoelectric respone module calculating detector responds the electricity generated after background radiation photon
Subnumber is that the photon generated according to background radiation is incident on infrared detector, and a part of photon can inspire electronics, generate light
The electron amount of electrical effect, generation is expressed as Q:
Q=η Ad·tint·Eq
In formula, Q is that the photon that background radiation generates is incident on the electron amount generated on detector；
η is the photoelectric conversion efficiency of infrared detector；
AdFor the area of infrared detector pixel；
tintFor the time of integration of infrared detector；
Further, in the 5th step, ambient noise module calculates the process of infrared detector background radiation noise are as follows:
Photon is randomly generated in background radiation source, reaches detector later, and the number of photons that background radiation source generates obeys Poisson
Distribution, the mean value of Poisson distribution is identical with variance, and the standard deviation of number of photons is the background radiation noise of infrared detector, indicates
For following formula:
Wherein, n is infrared detector background radiation noise.
The present invention provides a kind of infrared detector background radiation noise calculation methods, are counted by the photon of background radiation
Noise is calculated, the background radiation noise of infrared detector is more accurately calculated, and then the more accurately sensitivity of computing system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 infrared detector background radiation Noise Algorithm systematic schematic diagram
1. 2. 3. photoelectric respone module of photon illumination module of photon emittance module, 4. ambient noise module
Specific embodiment
A kind of specific steps of infrared detector background radiation noise calculation method are as follows:
The first step constructs infrared detector background radiation Noise Algorithm system
Infrared detector background radiation noise calculation method system include photon emittance module 1, photon illumination module 2,
Photoelectric respone module 3 and ambient noise module 4；
The function of photon emittance module 1 are as follows: calculate the photon emittance in background radiation source；
The function of photon illumination module 2 are as follows: calculate the photon of background radiation source generation to the photon on infrared detector surface
Illumination；
The function of photoelectric respone module 3 are as follows: calculate the electron number generated after the photon of infrared detector response background radiation；
The function of ambient noise module 4 are as follows: calculate infrared detector background radiation noise.
The photon emittance in second step photon emittance module calculating background radiation source
Photon emittance module calculates the photon emittance in background radiation source, and background radiation source is logical to space radiated photons
Amount, photon flux is the number of photons for emitting within the unit time, transmitting or receiving, and photon emittance is background radiation source unit
The photon flux that surface area emits into hemispherical space, according to planck formula, background radiation source is T, wavelength in ambient temperature
Photon emittance when for λ is expressed as
In formula, Mq(λ, T) is photon emittance of the background radiation source in temperature T, when wavelength is λ；
λ is wavelength；
C is the light velocity in vacuum, c=2.99792458 × 108m/s；
H is Planck's constant, h=6.626176 × 10-34J·s；
K is Boltzmann constant, k=1.380662 × 10-23J·K-1；
The photon illumination on third step photon illumination module calculating infrared detector surface
Photon illumination module calculates the light that photon reaches infrared detector surface according to the photon emittance in background radiation source
The photon illumination of sub- illumination, infrared detector surface is expressed as
In formula, EqFor the photon illumination on infrared detector surface；
εbFor effective black body emissivity in background radiation source；
λ1For the preceding cutoff wavelength of infrared detector response；
λ2For the rear cutoff wavelength of infrared detector response；
θ is subtended angle of the detector to background radiation source；
The electron number generated after 4th step photoelectric respone module calculating detector response background radiation photon
The photon that background radiation generates is incident on infrared detector, and a part of photon can inspire electronics, generates photoelectricity
The electron number of effect, generation is indicated with following formula:
Q=η Ad·tint·Eq
In formula, Q is that the photon that background radiation generates is incident on the electron amount generated on detector
η is the photoelectric conversion efficiency of infrared detector；
AdFor the area of infrared detector pixel；
tintFor the time of integration of infrared detector；
5th step ambient noise module calculates infrared detector background radiation noise
Background radiation source is that photon is randomly generated, and reaches detector later, and the number of photons that background radiation source generates obeys pool
Pine distribution, the mean value of Poisson distribution is identical with variance, and the standard deviation of number of photons is the background radiation noise of infrared detector, such as
Shown in following formula:
Wherein, n is infrared detector background radiation noise.
So far, the calculating of infrared detector background radiation noise is realized.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of infrared detector background radiation noise calculation method, it is characterised in that specific steps are as follows:
The first step constructs infrared detector background radiation Noise Algorithm system
Infrared detector background radiation noise calculation method system, comprising: photon emittance module (1), photon illumination module
(2), photoelectric respone module (3) and ambient noise module (4)；
The photon emittance in second step photon emittance module (1) calculating background radiation source；
Third step photon illumination module (2) calculates the photon of background radiation source generation to the photon illumination on infrared detector surface；
The electron number generated after the photon of 4th step photoelectric respone module (3) calculating infrared detector response background radiation；
5th step ambient noise module (4) calculates infrared detector background radiation noise；
So far, the calculating of infrared detector background radiation noise is realized.
2. infrared detector background radiation noise calculation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in second step
In, photon emittance module (1) calculates the photon emittance in background radiation source, background radiation source to space radiated photons flux,
Photon flux is the number of photons for emitting within the unit time, transmitting or receiving, and photon emittance is background radiation source unit table
The photon flux that area emits into hemispherical space, according to planck formula, background radiation source is T, wavelength λ in ambient temperature
When photon emittance be expressed as Mq(λ, T):
In formula, Mq(λ, T) is photon emittance of the background radiation source in temperature T, when wavelength is λ；
λ is wavelength；
C is the light velocity in vacuum, c=2.99792458 × 108m/s；
H is Planck's constant, h=6.626176 × 10-34J·s；
K is Boltzmann constant, k=1.380662 × 10-23J·K-1。
3. infrared detector background radiation noise calculation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in third step
In, photon illumination module (2) calculates the photon that photon reaches infrared detector surface according to the photon emittance in background radiation source
The photon illumination of illumination, infrared detector surface is expressed as Eq:
In formula, EqFor the photon illumination on infrared detector surface；
εbFor effective black body emissivity in background radiation source；
λ1For the preceding cutoff wavelength of infrared detector response；
λ2For the rear cutoff wavelength of infrared detector response；
θ is subtended angle of the detector to background radiation source.
4. infrared detector background radiation noise calculation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in the 4th step
In, the electron number generated after photoelectric respone module (3) calculating detector response background radiation photon is generated according to background radiation
Photon be incident on infrared detector, a part of photon can inspire electronics, generate photoelectric effect, the electron number scale of generation
It is shown as Q:
Q=η Ad·tint·Eq
In formula, Q is that the photon that background radiation generates is incident on the electron amount generated on detector；
η is the photoelectric conversion efficiency of infrared detector；
AdFor the area of infrared detector pixel；
tintFor the time of integration of infrared detector.
5. infrared detector background radiation noise calculation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that in the 5th step
In, ambient noise module (4) calculates the process of infrared detector background radiation noise are as follows:
Photon is randomly generated in background radiation source, reaches detector later, and the number of photons that background radiation source generates obeys Poisson distribution,
The mean value of Poisson distribution is identical with variance, and the standard deviation of number of photons is the background radiation noise of infrared detector, is expressed as down
Formula:
Wherein, n is infrared detector background radiation noise.
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| CN113340856A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-09-03 | 武汉致腾科技有限公司 | Noise removal algorithm of optical sensor and visibility calculation method thereof |
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| CN106053023A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-10-26 | 北京环境特性研究所 | Analysis method for stray radiation of infrared measurement system |
| CN107894284A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-04-10 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | A kind of infrared camera wave band comparative approach of combination detection efficiency |
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| CN106053023A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-10-26 | 北京环境特性研究所 | Analysis method for stray radiation of infrared measurement system |
| CN107894284A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-04-10 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | A kind of infrared camera wave band comparative approach of combination detection efficiency |
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