CN109287237A - A kind of planting unit and method of organic potato - Google Patents

A kind of planting unit and method of organic potato Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109287237A
CN109287237A CN201811124250.0A CN201811124250A CN109287237A CN 109287237 A CN109287237 A CN 109287237A CN 201811124250 A CN201811124250 A CN 201811124250A CN 109287237 A CN109287237 A CN 109287237A
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China
Prior art keywords
potato
nutrient solution
soil
parts
organic
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CN201811124250.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
赵蓓蓓
李磊
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Zhejiang Ocean University ZJOU
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Zhejiang Ocean University ZJOU
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Priority to CN201811124250.0A priority Critical patent/CN109287237A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C23/00Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
    • A01C23/04Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
    • A01C23/047Spraying of liquid fertilisers

Abstract

The present invention relates to field of agricultural cultivation, more particularly, to the planting unit and method of a kind of organic potato.A kind of planting unit of organic potato, nutrition liquid case including storing nutrient solution, inlet tube is provided at the top of the nutrition liquid case, multiple liquid discharge devices are provided in the nutrition liquid case, the liquid discharge device includes the outlet tube being connected to nutrition liquid case, it is provided with high-pressure pump on the outlet tube, spherical spray head is provided on the outlet tube, is provided with spray hole on the spherical spray head.The present invention can be improved the yield and quality of potato.

Description

A kind of planting unit and method of organic potato
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural cultivation, more particularly, to the planting unit and method of a kind of organic potato.
Background technique
Potato (scientific name: Solanum tuberosum) belongs to Solanaceae herbaceos perennial, and it is complete that stem tuber can be edible The fourth-largest important cereal crops of ball, are only second to wheat, paddy and corn.Potato is also known as potato, potato, foreign sweet potato etc., eggplant The stem tuber of section plant.With wheat, paddy, corn, sorghum and become the big crop in the world five.Potato originates in South America peace the About B.C. 8000 to 5000 south of Peru area can be traced in this mountain area, artificial cultivation history earliest.Potato There are China, Russia, India, Ukraine, U.S. etc. in major producing country.
In recent years, Chinese potato planting area is also in the trend constantly risen, it has also become potato planting in the world The maximum country of area, accounts for 20% or more of grown worldwide area, accounts for 70% of Asia or so.But the average per unit area yield in the whole nation is still low In world average level, the further genralrlization development of the economic benefit and potato planting industry of farmer has been seriously affected.
In order to increase crop yield, about 1011 kilograms of the nitrogenous fertilizer that the whole world is applied every year, 60% chemical synthesis nitrogen Fertilizer is not absorbed by plant, but has been penetrated into underground water.Nitrogen is usually a kind of limiting nutrient of cyanobacteria, once it seeps Thoroughly into underground water, it will with flowing into the sea, cause the great variety of marine microorganism group, influence entire marine organisms Chain, this causes tremendous influence to earth nitrogen cycle.Therefore, a large amount of chemical fertilizer are not depended on to improve crop yield and seem especially heavy It wants.In the case where existing cultivated area is constant, it is dedicated to improving crop yield in a manner of sustainable development being one A global important topic.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides organic Ma Ling of a kind of yield that can be improved potato and quality primarily directed to the above problem The planting unit and method of potato.
The purpose of the present invention is mainly to be achieved by following proposal: a kind of planting unit of organic potato, packet The nutrition liquid case for storing nutrient solution is included, inlet tube is provided at the top of the nutrition liquid case, is set in the nutrition liquid case Multiple liquid discharge devices are equipped with, the liquid discharge device includes the outlet tube being connected to nutrition liquid case, is arranged on the outlet tube There is high-pressure pump, spherical spray head is evenly arranged on the outlet tube, is evenly arranged with spray hole on the spherical spray head.Battalion Nutrient solution is stored in nutrient solution case, is provided with inlet tube at the top of nutrition liquid case, nutrient solution can be injected and be sought from inlet tube In nutrient solution case, multiple liquid discharge devices are provided in nutrition liquid case, liquid discharge device includes the outlet tube being connected to nutrition liquid case, out liquid It is provided with high-pressure pump on pipe, spherical spray head is provided on outlet tube, spray hole is provided on spherical spray head, opens high-pressure pump, Under the action of high-pressure pump, so that the nutrient solution in nutrition liquid case flows into corresponding outlet tube, then from the spray on spherical spray head In soil near spraying and flowing at fluid apertures, the setting of spherical spray head is so that sprinkling is more comprehensive, and spray effect is more preferably.
Preferably, being provided with flip lid at the inlet of the inlet tube.Flip lid is provided at the inlet of inlet tube, Flip lid rotation connection is arranged on inlet tube, when not needing plus nutrient solution, covers flip lid, can prevent impurity from entering nutrient solution In case, while preventing nutrient solution from volatilizing.
Preferably, being provided with liquid level indicator in the nutrition liquid case.It is provided with liquid level indicator in nutrition liquid case, The nutrient solution reserves in nutrition liquid case can be checked by liquid level indicator, when nutrient solution reserves deficiency, can be passed through in time Nutrient solution is added at inlet tube.
A method of organic potato planting being carried out using the planting unit of organic potato, by the kind of organic potato During outlet tube on planting apparatus is placed into the soil, nutrient solution is added in nutrition liquid case from from inlet, then starts high-pressure pump, sought Nutrient solution in nutrient solution case flows into soil from the spray hole from the spherical spray head on outlet tube.
Plantation step is as follows:
1), site preparation, selection selection fertile soil, soil layer is deep, loose, good permeability, the sandy loam of subacidity, spreads fertilizer over the fields decomposed mixed Hefei material, 24 ~ 25cm of soil deeptillage, then flatten;
2) it, ditches, opens the kind planting ditch that depth is 6~8cm;
3) it, chooses seeds and handles, select excellent potato seed stripping and slicing, obtain kind of a potato wedge, the kind potato wedge cut is put in wet, shady and cool, logical 7~8h of airing at wind, airing temperature are 22~25 DEG C, and vernalization is carried out after wound healing, by kind potato wedge vernalization to bud a length of 0.6 ~0.8 ㎝, obtains potato seed;
4) it, plants, the potato seed in step 3) is transplanted in the kind planting ditch in step 2, and make potato seed bud upward, Then the high 10~15cm of earthing ridging, is covered with mulch after compacting, and by the planting unit of organic potato place into the soil in it is suitable Place;
5), the use of the planting unit of organic potato, by weight 1: 10 ratio are injected after nutrient solution and water mixed dissolution Nutrient solution, nutrient solution its component in parts by weight are applied to soil into nutrition liquid case are as follows: 3-8 parts of ferric nitrate, hydroboration 3-5 parts of potassium, 5-7 parts of citric acid, 4-6 parts of nitragin, 2 parts of ammonium molybdate 1-, 8-10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10-13 parts of glucose, 100 parts of water;
6), field management, before potato blooms, tuber initiation stage and expanding stage spray ground fruit in due course and strengthen base of a fruit spirit;
7) it, harvests.
Nitragin the preparation method is as follows:
1), the healthy and strong pulse family plant of selection, even root is dug out, and is not hurt root nodule, is gently washed away soil with water;
2) plant for, selecting many big, pink root nodule assembling on main root and supporting root, cuts off branches and leaves, fibrous root and lower part Supporting root hangs in the shade ventilation and dries in the shade, and is placed at dry and saves later;
3) it, wants to be placed in porcelain jar and smash to pieces in use, cut off root nodule with knife.
Rhizosphere is that plant and rhizosphere microorganism interact most active region, perch in the region microorganism to plant Nutrient Absorption, growth, disease-resistant etc. play an important role.Therefore required micro and big to be provided for plant by microorganism Amount nutrient is a kind of critically important approach, using this relationship, improves farming produce in a kind of environmental-friendly mode Amount is particularly important.
Therefore, a kind of planting unit of organic potato of the invention and method have following advantages: designing in the present invention Planting unit using simple, improve labor efficiency, can effectively uniformly penetrate into nutrient solution in soil, so that nutrition Ferro element in liquid can be fully absorbed by potato, improve the content of ferro element in potato, the use of nitragin can Increase soil moisture content, nitrogen content and content of other organic matters etc., change the type of potato planting soil root microorganism, To form the biological microenvironment for promoting potato growth, readily available yield is high and nutrient composition content is high organic Ma Ling Potato.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the invention.
It illustrates: 1- outlet tube, the spherical spray head of 2-, 3- spray hole, 4- high-pressure pump, 5- nutrition liquid case, 6- inlet tube, 7- Flip lid, 8- liquid level indicator.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawing the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of planting unit of organic potato, the nutrition liquid case 5 including storing nutrient solution, nutrition liquid case 5 Top be provided with inlet tube 6, from from inlet tube 6 can by nutrient solution inject nutrition liquid case 5 in, be provided in nutrition liquid case 5 Liquid level indicator 8 can check the nutrient solution reserves in nutrition liquid case 5 by liquid level indicator 8, when nutrient solution reserves are insufficient When, multiple liquid discharge devices can be provided in nutrition liquid case 5, liquid discharge device includes in time by adding nutrient solution at inlet tube 6 The outlet tube 1 being connected to nutrition liquid case 5 is provided with high-pressure pump 4 on outlet tube, spherical spray head 2 is evenly arranged on outlet tube 4, It is evenly arranged with spray hole 3 on spherical spray head 2, high-pressure pump 4 is opened, under the action of high-pressure pump 4, so that in nutrition liquid case 5 Nutrient solution flows into corresponding outlet tube 1, then in the soil near spraying and flowing into from the spray hole 3 on spherical spray head 2, So that sprinkling is more comprehensive, spray effect more preferably, is provided with flip lid 7, turns at the inlet of inlet tube 6 for the setting of spherical spray head 2 The rotation connection of lid 7 is arranged on inlet tube 6, when not needing plus nutrient solution, covers flip lid 7, can prevent impurity from entering nutrition In liquid case 5, while preventing nutrient solution from volatilizing.
A method of organic potato planting being carried out using the planting unit of organic potato, by the kind of organic potato During outlet tube on planting apparatus is placed into the soil, nutrient solution is added in nutrition liquid case from from inlet, then starts high-pressure pump, sought Nutrient solution in nutrient solution case flows into soil from the spray hole from the spherical spray head on outlet tube.
Plantation step is as follows:
1), site preparation, selection selection fertile soil, soil layer is deep, loose, good permeability, the sandy loam of subacidity, spreads fertilizer over the fields decomposed mixed Hefei material, 24 ~ 25cm of soil deeptillage, then flatten;
2) it, ditches, opens the kind planting ditch that depth is 6~8cm;
3) it, chooses seeds and handles, select excellent potato seed stripping and slicing, obtain kind of a potato wedge, the kind potato wedge cut is put in wet, shady and cool, logical 7~8h of airing at wind, airing temperature are 22~25 DEG C, and vernalization is carried out after wound healing, by kind potato wedge vernalization to bud a length of 0.6 ~0.8 ㎝, obtains potato seed;
4) it, plants, the potato seed in step 3) is transplanted in the kind planting ditch in step 2, and make potato seed bud upward, Then the high 10~15cm of earthing ridging, is covered with mulch after compacting, and by the planting unit of organic potato place into the soil in it is suitable Place;
5), the use of the planting unit of organic potato, by weight 1: 10 ratio are injected after nutrient solution and water mixed dissolution Nutrient solution, nutrient solution its component in parts by weight are applied to soil into nutrition liquid case are as follows: 8 parts of ferric nitrate, potassium borohydride 5 Part, 7 parts of citric acid, 6 parts of nitragin, 2 parts of ammonium molybdate, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 13 parts of glucose, 100 parts of water;
6), field management, before potato blooms, tuber initiation stage and expanding stage spray ground fruit in due course and strengthen base of a fruit spirit, effectively to control The mad length of earth's surface upper layer processed branches and leaves, post descends stem tuber is ultrafast to expand, enhancing resist insect pest ability, it is ensured that potato it is high-quality and efficient And good harvest;
7) it, harvests.
Nitragin the preparation method is as follows:
1), the healthy and strong pulse family plant of selection, even root is dug out, and is not hurt root nodule, is gently washed away soil with water;
2) plant for, selecting many big, pink root nodule assembling on main root and supporting root, cuts off branches and leaves, fibrous root and lower part Supporting root hangs in the shade ventilation and dries in the shade, and is placed at dry and saves later;
3) it, wants to be placed in porcelain jar and smash to pieces in use, cut off root nodule with knife.
Embodiment 2: a method of organic potato planting being carried out using the planting unit of organic potato, by organic horse During outlet tube on the planting unit of bell potato is placed into the soil, nutrient solution is added in nutrition liquid case from from inlet, is then started High-pressure pump, the nutrient solution in nutrition liquid case flow into soil from the spray hole from the spherical spray head on outlet tube.
Plantation step is as follows:
1), site preparation, selection selection fertile soil, soil layer is deep, loose, good permeability, the sandy loam of subacidity, spreads fertilizer over the fields decomposed mixed Hefei material, 24 ~ 25cm of soil deeptillage, then flatten;
2) it, ditches, opens the kind planting ditch that depth is 6~8cm;
3) it, chooses seeds and handles, select excellent potato seed stripping and slicing, obtain kind of a potato wedge, the kind potato wedge cut is put in wet, shady and cool, logical 7~8h of airing at wind, airing temperature are 22~25 DEG C, and vernalization is carried out after wound healing, by kind potato wedge vernalization to bud a length of 0.6 ~0.8 ㎝, obtains potato seed;
4) it, plants, the potato seed in step 3) is transplanted in the kind planting ditch in step 2, and make potato seed bud upward, Then the high 10~15cm of earthing ridging, is covered with mulch after compacting, and by the planting unit of organic potato place into the soil in it is suitable Place;
5), the use of the planting unit of organic potato, by weight 1: 10 ratio are injected after nutrient solution and water mixed dissolution Nutrient solution, nutrient solution its component in parts by weight are applied to soil into nutrition liquid case are as follows: 3 parts of ferric nitrate, potassium borohydride 3 Part, 5 parts of citric acid, 4 parts of nitragin, 1 part of ammonium molybdate, 8 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of glucose, 100 parts of water;
6), field management, before potato blooms, tuber initiation stage and expanding stage spray ground fruit in due course and strengthen base of a fruit spirit, effectively to control The mad length of earth's surface upper layer processed branches and leaves, post descends stem tuber is ultrafast to expand, enhancing resist insect pest ability, it is ensured that potato it is high-quality and efficient And good harvest;
7) it, harvests.
Nitragin the preparation method is as follows:
1), the healthy and strong pulse family plant of selection, even root is dug out, and is not hurt root nodule, is gently washed away soil with water;
2) plant for, selecting many big, pink root nodule assembling on main root and supporting root, cuts off branches and leaves, fibrous root and lower part Supporting root hangs in the shade ventilation and dries in the shade, and is placed at dry and saves later;
3) it, wants to be placed in porcelain jar and smash to pieces in use, cut off root nodule with knife.
Embodiment 3: a method of organic potato planting being carried out using the planting unit of organic potato, by organic horse During outlet tube on the planting unit of bell potato is placed into the soil, nutrient solution is added in nutrition liquid case from from inlet, is then started High-pressure pump, the nutrient solution in nutrition liquid case flow into soil from the spray hole from the spherical spray head on outlet tube.
Plantation step is as follows:
1), site preparation, selection selection fertile soil, soil layer is deep, loose, good permeability, the sandy loam of subacidity, spreads fertilizer over the fields decomposed mixed Hefei material, 24 ~ 25cm of soil deeptillage, then flatten;
2) it, ditches, opens the kind planting ditch that depth is 6~8cm;
3) it, chooses seeds and handles, select excellent potato seed stripping and slicing, obtain kind of a potato wedge, the kind potato wedge cut is put in wet, shady and cool, logical 7~8h of airing at wind, airing temperature are 22~25 DEG C, and vernalization is carried out after wound healing, by kind potato wedge vernalization to bud a length of 0.6 ~0.8 ㎝, obtains potato seed;
4) it, plants, the potato seed in step 3) is transplanted in the kind planting ditch in step 2, and make potato seed bud upward, Then the high 10~15cm of earthing ridging, is covered with mulch after compacting, and by the planting unit of organic potato place into the soil in it is suitable Place;
5), the use of the planting unit of organic potato, by weight 1: 10 ratio are injected after nutrient solution and water mixed dissolution Nutrient solution, nutrient solution its component in parts by weight are applied to soil into nutrition liquid case are as follows: 5 parts of ferric nitrate, potassium borohydride 4 Part, 6 parts of citric acid, 5 parts of nitragin, 2 parts of ammonium molybdate, 9 parts of ferrous sulfate, 12 parts of glucose, 100 parts of water;
6), field management, before potato blooms, tuber initiation stage and expanding stage spray ground fruit in due course and strengthen base of a fruit spirit, effectively to control The mad length of earth's surface upper layer processed branches and leaves, post descends stem tuber is ultrafast to expand, enhancing resist insect pest ability, it is ensured that potato it is high-quality and efficient And good harvest;
7) it, harvests.
Nitragin the preparation method is as follows:
1), the healthy and strong pulse family plant of selection, even root is dug out, and is not hurt root nodule, is gently washed away soil with water;
2) plant for, selecting many big, pink root nodule assembling on main root and supporting root, cuts off branches and leaves, fibrous root and lower part Supporting root hangs in the shade ventilation and dries in the shade, and is placed at dry and saves later;
3) it, wants to be placed in porcelain jar and smash to pieces in use, cut off root nodule with knife.
Rhizosphere is that plant and rhizosphere microorganism interact most active region, perch in the region microorganism to plant Nutrient Absorption, growth, disease-resistant etc. play an important role.Therefore required micro and big to be provided for plant by microorganism Amount nutrient is a kind of critically important approach, using this relationship, improves farming produce in a kind of environmental-friendly mode Amount is particularly important.
It should be understood that being somebody's turn to do, examples are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the scope of the present invention.In addition, it should also be understood that, After having read the content of the invention lectured, those skilled in the art can make various modifications or changes to the present invention, these etc. Valence form is also fallen within the scope of the appended claims of the present application.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of planting unit of organic potato, which is characterized in that the nutrition liquid case including storing nutrient solution, the battalion It is provided with inlet tube at the top of nutrient solution case, multiple liquid discharge devices, the liquid discharge device packet are provided in the nutrition liquid case The outlet tube being connected to nutrition liquid case is included, high-pressure pump is provided on the outlet tube, is provided on the outlet tube spherical Spray head is provided with spray hole on the spherical spray head.
2. a kind of planting unit of organic potato according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the inlet tube into Flip lid is provided at liquid mouth.
3. a kind of planting unit of organic potato according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the nutrition liquid case It is provided with liquid level indicator.
4. a kind of planting unit using organic potato described in any one of claims 1 to 33 carries out organic potato The method of plantation, which is characterized in that, will from inlet during the outlet tube on the planting unit of organic potato is placed into the soil Nutrient solution is added in nutrition liquid case, then starts high-pressure pump, the nutrient solution in nutrition liquid case is from the spherical spray head on outlet tube Spray hole in flow into soil in.
5. the method for organic potato planting according to claim 4, which is characterized in that plantation step is as follows:
1), site preparation, selection selection fertile soil, soil layer is deep, loose, good permeability, the sandy loam of subacidity, spreads fertilizer over the fields decomposed mixed Hefei material, 24 ~ 25cm of soil deeptillage, then flatten;
2) it, ditches, opens the kind planting ditch that depth is 6~8cm;
3) it, chooses seeds and handles, select excellent potato seed stripping and slicing, obtain kind of a potato wedge, the kind potato wedge cut is put in wet, shady and cool, logical 7~8h of airing at wind, airing temperature are 22~25 DEG C, and vernalization is carried out after wound healing, by kind potato wedge vernalization to bud a length of 0.6 ~0.8 ㎝, obtains potato seed;
4) it, plants, the potato seed in step 3) is transplanted in the kind planting ditch in step 2, and make potato seed bud upward, Then the high 10~15cm of earthing ridging, is covered with mulch after compacting, and by the planting unit of organic potato place into the soil in it is suitable Place;
5), the use of the planting unit of organic potato, by weight 1: 10 ratio are injected after nutrient solution and water mixed dissolution Nutrient solution, nutrient solution its component in parts by weight are applied to soil into nutrition liquid case are as follows: 3-8 parts of ferric nitrate, hydroboration 3-5 parts of potassium, 5-7 parts of citric acid, 4-6 parts of nitragin, 2 parts of ammonium molybdate 1-, 8-10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10-13 parts of glucose, 100 parts of water;
6), field management, before potato blooms, tuber initiation stage and expanding stage spray ground fruit in due course and strengthen base of a fruit spirit;
7) it, harvests.
6. the method for organic potato planting according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the preparation of the nitragin Method is as follows:
1), the healthy and strong pulse family plant of selection, even root is dug out, and is not hurt root nodule, is gently washed away soil with water;
2) plant for, selecting many big, pink root nodule assembling on main root and supporting root, cuts off branches and leaves, fibrous root and lower part Supporting root hangs in the shade ventilation and dries in the shade, and is placed at dry and saves later;
3) it, wants to be placed in porcelain jar and smash to pieces in use, cut off root nodule with knife.
CN201811124250.0A 2018-09-26 2018-09-26 A kind of planting unit and method of organic potato Pending CN109287237A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110558192A (en) * 2019-10-16 2019-12-13 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 Cultivation device and method for flat-support peanuts

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110558192A (en) * 2019-10-16 2019-12-13 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 Cultivation device and method for flat-support peanuts
CN110558192B (en) * 2019-10-16 2021-10-26 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 Cultivation device and method for flat-support peanuts

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RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20190201

RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication