CN109267961B - Multi-channel conversion rapid pressure relief device and method for drilling pressurized water test - Google Patents
Multi-channel conversion rapid pressure relief device and method for drilling pressurized water test Download PDFInfo
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- CN109267961B CN109267961B CN201811308375.9A CN201811308375A CN109267961B CN 109267961 B CN109267961 B CN 109267961B CN 201811308375 A CN201811308375 A CN 201811308375A CN 109267961 B CN109267961 B CN 109267961B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 282
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000005189 Embolism Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003073 embolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/1208—Packers; Plugs characterised by the construction of the sealing or packing means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/10—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements
- E21B47/117—Detecting leaks, e.g. from tubing, by pressure testing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-channel switching quick pressure relief device for a drilling pressurized water test. The device comprises a lower core tube sleeve connecting port, a middle core tube sleeve connecting port, an upper core tube hole and a lower core tube hole which are arranged on a core tube; the top of the core tube sleeve is provided with a gland, the bottom of the core tube sleeve is provided with a plug connector, the upper end of the plug connector is provided with a first connecting port communicated with the core tube sleeve, and the lower end of the plug connector is provided with a second connecting port; the upper end of the core tube extends upwards out of the gland, and the lower end of the core tube extends downwards out of the core tube sleeve and is positioned in the plug connector; a sealing element is arranged between the core tube and the core tube sleeve; the upper core tube sleeve connecting opening, the middle core tube sleeve connecting opening and the lower core tube sleeve connecting opening are sequentially arranged on the sealing piece from top to bottom, and the core tube sleeve is provided with a core tube sleeve drain hole communicated with the drilling hole. The invention has the advantages of simplified pipeline device, reliable water stop of the capsule, quick and complete pressure relief of the capsule, and the like. The invention also discloses a pressure relief method of the multi-channel switching quick pressure relief device for the drilling pressurized water test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling pressurized water tests, in particular to a multi-channel switching rapid pressure relief device for a drilling pressurized water test. More specifically, it is a quick pressure relief device of drilling pressurized water test stagnant water embolism suitable for the condition of big burial depth of groundwater. More specifically, the multi-channel switching rapid pressure relief device is suitable for a drilling pressurized water test of a general pressurized water test and a deep hole high-pressure pressurized water test of water conservancy and hydropower geological drilling. The invention also relates to a pressure relief method of the multi-channel switching quick pressure relief device for the drilling pressurized water test.
Background
The drilling water pressure test is an in-situ rock mass permeability test carried out in a drilling hole, and is mainly used for measuring the water permeability of a rock mass and providing basic data for evaluating the permeability characteristics of the rock mass.
The drilling water pressure test is widely applied to engineering geological investigation as a rock mass in-situ test technology, and the main working principle is an in-situ penetration test which is to isolate a drilling hole into a test section with a certain length by using a plug, press water into the test section and determine the rock mass penetration characteristic according to the relation between pressure and flow. The plug is the main equipment of the blocking isolation test section of the pressurized water test, and through a large number of tests on site, the pressurized water plug is reliable and flexible compared with other types of plugs, but the difficult problem of draining and releasing pressure after the test is finished is always existed, particularly after the pressurized water test is carried out in a borehole with deeper underground water, the water head in a drill rod is higher, the corresponding high underground water level balance pressure is not generated in the borehole, a larger water head difference is formed inside and outside the test section, the capsule is always in an expansion state under the action of the high water head pressure in the drill rod, the pressure is difficult to release and restore to the original state, the capsule hole blocking accident is very easy to be caused in the test process, the direct loss is caused, and even the whole hole is scrapped.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-channel switching quick pressure relief device for a drilling water pressure test, which enables a core pipe upper core pipe hole, a core pipe lower pipe hole and a capsule channel hole to mutually cooperate to perform multi-channel switching by moving the core pipe up and down, so as to realize a capsule water filling and sealing test section, test water pressure and quick water discharging and pressure relief of the capsule, thereby completing the water pressure test and effectively solving the problem that the capsule is difficult to relieve pressure and causes a clamping hole in the water pressure test; the invention simplifies the pipeline device (a set of drill rod is used as a common working pipe for filling and testing), the capsule water stop is reliable, the capsule is fast and completely depressurized and convenient, the single-time feeding equipment can continuously and orderly pressurize water in multiple test sections, the operation is simple, the labor intensity is low, the procedures are reduced, the up-down drilling time is saved, the cost is saved, and the like, thereby solving the difficult problem of fast water discharge and pressure relief of the capsule and realizing the full-hole uninterrupted continuous pressurized water in the deep hole pressurized water test.
The invention provides a pressure relief method of a multi-channel switching rapid pressure relief device for a drilling pressure water test, which simplifies the pressure water test device, solves the problem of deep hole high pressure water pressure, can realize full Kong Shanci multi-point flexible and sequential sectional water pressure of deep holes, has low labor intensity and is a great breakthrough in the drilling technical method.
In order to achieve the first object of the present invention, the present invention has the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a drilling pressurized-water test multichannel conversion quick pressure relief device, includes the core pipe, sets up in the core pipe end cap of core pipe lower extreme and overlaps in the core pipe box of core pipe periphery, its characterized in that: the device also comprises a lower core tube sleeve connecting port, a middle core tube sleeve connecting port, an upper core tube sleeve connecting port and upper core tube holes and lower core tube holes which are arranged on the core tube; the top of the core tube sleeve is provided with a gland, the bottom of the core tube sleeve is provided with a plug connector, the plug connector is communicated with the core tube sleeve, the plug connector is of a hollow structure, the upper end of the plug connector is provided with a first connecting port communicated with the core tube sleeve, and the lower end of the plug connector is provided with a second connecting port;
the upper end of the core tube extends upwards out of the gland and is connected with a reducing joint, and the lower end of the core tube extends downwards out of the core tube sleeve and is positioned in the plug joint; a sealing element is arranged between the core tube and the core tube sleeve;
the core pipe sleeve is provided with a capsule passage hole, an upper core pipe sleeve connecting port, a middle core pipe sleeve connecting port and a lower core pipe sleeve connecting port are sequentially arranged on the sealing piece from top to bottom, the core pipe sleeve is provided with a core pipe sleeve drain hole communicated with the drilling hole, and the upper core pipe sleeve connecting port is communicated with the core pipe sleeve drain hole;
the capsule water inlet and outlet connector is arranged at the lower end of the side wall of the core tube sleeve and is positioned below the capsule passage hole.
In the technical scheme, drag reducing sleeves are arranged in the lower core tube sleeve connecting opening, the middle core tube sleeve connecting opening and the upper core tube sleeve connecting opening, and are arranged on the outer wall of the core tube.
In the technical scheme, a spacer sleeve is arranged on the sealing element, and the spacer sleeve is arranged between the upper core tube sleeve connecting port and the middle core tube sleeve connecting port.
In the technical scheme, the upper core tube sleeve connecting opening, the middle core tube sleeve connecting opening, the lower core tube sleeve connecting opening and the spacer sleeve are all arranged on the periphery of the core tube in a circumferential manner; the gland is fixedly connected to the upper end of the core pipe sleeve through a gland set screw.
In the technical scheme, the lower core pipe hole and the upper core pipe hole are arranged at intervals, and the lower part of the core pipe is provided with a core pipe return spring and a core pipe position adjusting nut; the core tube position adjusting nut sleeved on the core tube is positioned below the core tube return spring and is positioned at the upper end of the core tube plug.
In the technical scheme, the distance between the lower core pipe hole and the upper core pipe hole is smaller than the distance between the upper core pipe sleeve connecting opening and the lower core pipe sleeve connecting opening.
In the technical scheme, the first connecting port is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower connecting port of the core tube sleeve, the outer diameter of the core tube is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower connecting port of the core tube sleeve, and the second connecting port is internally provided with a communication hole; the capsule passage hole comprises a water drain hole and a water inlet and outlet hole, the water drain hole is positioned above the water inlet and outlet hole, the water drain hole corresponds to the middle core pipe sleeve connecting port, and the water inlet and outlet hole corresponds to the lower core pipe sleeve connecting port; the water drain hole, the water inlet and outlet hole and the capsule water inlet and outlet joint are communicated through a pipeline.
In the technical scheme, the sealing element is a V-shaped sealing ring group.
In the technical scheme, the upper core tube hole is in a cross shape; the lower core pipe hole is cross-shaped.
In order to achieve the second object of the present invention, the present invention has the following technical scheme: the pressure relief method of the drilling pressurized water test multichannel conversion rapid pressure relief device is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step one: the multi-channel switching quick pressure relief device is arranged on a water-stopping capsule, a drill rod is connected to a reducer union, the water-stopping capsule is connected with a capsule passage hole through a high-pressure hose, a drill frame, a pressure sensor, an observation recording system, a water pump, a pressure gauge, the multi-channel switching quick pressure relief device and the water-stopping capsule are connected in a complete installation diagram of a water-pressing test, at the moment, a core pipe of the multi-channel switching quick pressure relief device is in an initial state, a lower core pipe hole in a pipeline passage is aligned to a lower core pipe sleeve connecting opening and forms a passage with a water inlet and outlet hole of the capsule passage hole, a capsule water inlet and outlet joint and the water-stopping capsule, the water-stopping capsule is in a water-filling preparation state, the water pump is started to supply water to the pipeline for pressurization, the water-stopping capsule is gradually inflated, and after the reading of the water pump pressure gauge is stabilized by 10-15 MPa;
step two: after the inflation of the water-stopping capsules is finished, the two water-stopping capsules are tightly attached to the wall of a drilled hole, a pressurized water test section is isolated from an upper hole section and a lower hole section through the two water-stopping capsules which are inflated and tightly attached to the wall of the drilled hole, at the moment, the reading of a water pump pressure gauge is still stable, a drilling machine is operated to move down a drill rod by about 8cm, a core pipe in a multi-channel switching rapid pressure relief device is moved down, a lower core pipe hole is isolated from a lower core pipe sleeve connecting opening and is communicated with a plug connector, namely, a water-stopping capsule plug water inlet channel is closed, a pressurized water test section interface is opened, and the pressurized water test section is communicated; when the water pressure test section is just connected, the reading of the water pump pressure gauge can be reduced for a short period of time, then the water pump pressure gauge is increased, and meanwhile, the water pump pressure reading is adjusted to the pressure required by the test and kept stable, and the blocking of the water pressure test section is completed; after pressure test confirmation, the test stage is shifted to a pressurized water test stage;
step three: after the water pressure test is finished, stopping water supply and pressurization of a water pump, opening a ground water distribution and drainage valve, enabling water injection in a drill rod to be communicated with the atmosphere through the drainage valve for pressure relief, lifting the drill rod by about 8cm after the water pressure in the drill rod is stable, enabling a core pipe in the multi-channel switching rapid pressure relief device to ascend to a lower core pipe hole in a pipeline channel to be aligned with a lower core pipe sleeve connecting port, closing and connecting a water pressure test section interface, enabling the lower core pipe sleeve connecting port to be connected, enabling high-pressure water in a capsule to be decompressed, and enabling the high-pressure water in the capsule to be in a relatively loose recovery state;
step four: when the drilling depth is within 100 meters and the underground water level is higher, the water head pressure is not high, the internal pressure of the capsule is basically equal to the internal pressure of the hole, the capsule can quickly recover by itself, i.e. the drilling machine can be operated to lift or lower the drill rod, the facilities in the hole can be transferred to the next test section as required, the test of the next test section in another selected test in the hole can be continued according to the operation, at the moment, the multi-channel conversion quick pressure relief device in the hole is in an initial state, and the test is started by starting the water pump to flush and pressurize the capsule in the first step;
when the depth of a drilled hole is more than 100 meters and even 1000 meters, the water level in the drilled hole is very low, the pressure of a water column in a drill rod enables a capsule to be still inflated, the capsule is still clung to the wall of the drilled hole, the capsule is difficult to shrink or recover and is not ideal, the capsule is difficult to shrink or recover to cause the capsule to be blocked, the drill rod is lifted up continuously for about 8cm, a core tube is pressed by a core tube to press a core tube return spring in a plug connector to move upwards, at the moment, a connecting port of an upper core tube hole and a middle core tube sleeve, the water-stopping capsule, the drill rod and the drilled hole form a channel, a water head in a working tube is communicated with the drilled hole through a communicating port at the outer side of the connecting port of the upper core tube sleeve, meanwhile, a water-pressing test section is discharged into the drilled hole along with the channel, the water-stopping capsule is quickly released and retracted, and the water-stopping capsule and the wall of the drilled hole form a gap to be relaxed; the water stopping capsule is in a free moving state, and the multichannel conversion rapid pressure relief device automatically restores to an initial state under the action of the core tube return spring;
step five: repeating the operation until the pressurized water test of other sections of the drill hole is completed, and repeating test comparison if necessary, and comparing the pressurized water test with the numerical value of the conventional pressurized water test.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) The invention can effectively switch pipeline channels at will according to the requirements, and has strong reliability; the device has strong sealing performance and adjustable sealing effect, and the rubber plug has good sealing effect and separation effect after the device is adopted, so that the capsule can quickly and freely recover the form; in the prior art, the filling and water pressing channels are independent, the phenomenon of punching and clamping holes occurs when the steel whip rubber pipe and the drill rod are improperly operated, the equipment is scrapped and the drilling scrapping event occurs directly, and the situation does not occur by adopting the method; according to the multi-channel switching rapid pressure relief device, when a water pressure test is carried out, water is filled into a water stop capsule through a water inlet channel formed by matching a lower core pipe hole with a water stop capsule channel hole, so that the water stop capsule is expanded to be clung to a hole wall, the water pressure test is carried out after a test section is sealed, a core pipe is lifted upwards after the water pressure test is finished, and the water stop capsule is rapidly discharged and relieved through a water discharge channel formed by matching an upper core pipe hole, a lower core pipe hole, a core pipe sleeve connecting port and a core pipe sleeve outer side opening, so that the problem that the water stop capsule is difficult to relieve pressure in the water pressure test is effectively solved;
(2) The core tube can move up and down in the core tube sleeve to realize the pressure release of the filling-testing-embolism capsules, the core tube sleeve is provided with an upper core tube sleeve connecting opening, a middle core tube sleeve connecting opening, a lower core tube sleeve connecting opening and a capsule interface, and the channel switching can be realized by matching with the core tube to finish the conversion from a capsule filling channel, a test section channel, a drainage pressure release channel, wherein the outer side of the upper core tube sleeve connecting opening is communicated with a drilling hole to realize the pressure release of an experimental system; the plug connector is connected with the core pipe sleeve, is connected with the test rubber plug downwards, and is provided with a core pipe shaft up-down control and a test water injection channel by a hollow structure; according to the invention, the upper and lower core pipe holes and the capsule passage holes are mutually matched to perform multi-channel conversion by the up and down movement of the core pipe, so that a capsule water filling and sealing test section, test water pressing and rapid water discharging and pressure relief of the capsule are realized, and thus a water pressing test is completed;
(3) The multi-channel conversion rapid pressure relief device is adopted in a pressurized water test, so that the aging is high, the labor intensity is low, the safety and the reliability are realized, and the occurrence of jam accidents is avoided; the prior art is adopted to make a section of pressurized water with the hole depth of 500 meters by using two sets of pipeline equipment of an up-down pressurized rubber pipe and a drill rod, and the time is 4 hours; the method of the invention only needs 2 hours to finish the water pressing experiment, the aging is improved by 50 percent, and the method is safe and reliable, and no jam accident occurs;
(4) The device mainly solves the problems of quick water draining and pressure relief of the water stopping capsule in the drilling water pressure test process under the conditions of large underground water burial depth and high internal and external water head pressure difference in the deep drilling, especially in kilometer grade ultra-deep drilling;
(5) The device assembly has small volume, light weight, the upper part is connected with the drill rod, the lower part is connected with the double-plug upper test joint, the installation is convenient, the water inlet and drain channels are fixed in the sleeve wall of the core tube, the processing and the manufacturing are simple, the water inlet and outlet holes of the core tube and the water inlet and outlet holes of the capsule are mutually matched to carry out multi-channel conversion only by moving the core tube up and down in the drilling water pressure test process, the rapid water filling and water discharge pressure relief of the capsule can be realized, the operation is more convenient compared with other similar devices, the mechanical abrasion problem does not exist, and after the water pressure test of one section is finished, the return spring of the core tube at the bottom of the device can automatically return to the initial state, thereby being convenient for continuing the next test; according to the invention, a double plug can be formed through a (high-pressure) hose according to the requirement, so that a one-time hole forming and full-hole continuous multi-section pressurized water test is realized, the invention is particularly suitable for a multi-section continuous rapid pressurized water test of a drilled hole after drilling by adopting a rope drilling process, is beneficial to improving the working efficiency of field exploration and test, and can be effectively and practically used in a conventional pressurized water test of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering and a high-pressure pressurized water test of a deep hole;
(6) The invention has strong applicability, and is suitable for the fields of conventional pressurized water, 1000 m deep hole and high-pressure pressurized water of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, full-hole continuous sectional pressurized water, grouting holes, hydraulic fracture tests, in-hole side pressure tests, geological penetration tests of other engineering and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the installation of the complete set of the pressurized water test according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the filling state of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the spacer sleeve of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the capsule passageway and lower core tube aperture of fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the experimental state of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the present invention in a pressure relief state.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the working structure of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a state in which the water-stop capsule of the present invention is inflated in a hole.
In the figure, the device comprises a 1-reducer union, a 2-core pipe, a 3-gland set screw, a 4-gland, a 5-core pipe sleeve, a 5.1-core pipe sleeve water discharge hole, a 6-sealing piece, a 7-spacer sleeve, an 8-capsule passage hole, an 8.1-water discharge hole, an 8.2-water inlet and outlet hole, a 9-capsule water inlet and outlet union, a 10-plug union, a 10.1-first connecting port, a 10.2-second connecting port, a 10.21-communication hole, a 11-core pipe, a 12-core pipe position adjusting nut, a 13-core pipe return spring, a 14-lower core pipe hole, a 15-upper core pipe hole, a 16-lower core pipe sleeve connecting port, a 17-middle core pipe sleeve connecting port, an 18-upper core pipe sleeve connecting port, a 19-drag reducing sleeve, a 20-multichannel conversion rapid pressure relief device, a 21-water stop capsule, a 21.1-first water filling hole, a 21.2-second water filling hole, a 22-water pressure test section, a 23-water pump, a 24-water pump pressure gauge, a 25-drill pipe, a 26-water filling force sensor, a 27-drill frame, a 28-pressure sensor, a 29-pressure sensor, a 31-high-pressure logging pipe, a plug system and a 31-high-pressure logging pipe.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, but is made merely by way of example. While making the advantages of the present invention clearer and more readily understood by way of illustration.
As can be seen with reference to the accompanying drawings: the multi-channel switching rapid pressure relief device for the drilling and water pressing test comprises a core pipe 2, a core pipe plug 11 arranged at the lower end of the core pipe 2, a core pipe sleeve 5 sleeved on the periphery of the core pipe 2, a lower core pipe sleeve connecting port 16, a middle core pipe sleeve connecting port 17, an upper core pipe sleeve connecting port 18, an upper core pipe hole 15 and a lower core pipe hole 14 which are arranged on the core pipe 2; the top of the core tube sleeve 5 is provided with a gland 4, the bottom of the core tube sleeve 5 is provided with a plug connector 10, the plug connector 10 is communicated with the core tube sleeve 5, the plug connector 10 is of a hollow structure, the upper end of the plug connector 10 is provided with a first connecting port 10.1 communicated with the core tube sleeve 5, and the lower end of the plug connector 10 is provided with a second connecting port 10.2 communicated with a test section;
the upper end of the core tube 2 extends upwards out of the gland 4 and is connected with the reducer union 1, and the lower end of the core tube 2 extends downwards out of the core tube sleeve 5 and is positioned in the plug union 10; a sealing element 6 is arranged between the core tube 2 and the core tube sleeve 5;
the core sleeve 5 is provided with a capsule passage hole 8, an upper core sleeve connecting port 18, a middle core sleeve connecting port 17 and a lower core sleeve connecting port 16 are sequentially arranged on the sealing piece 6 from top to bottom, the core sleeve 5 is provided with a core sleeve drain hole 5.1 communicated with a drilling 25, and the upper core sleeve connecting port 18 is communicated with the core sleeve drain hole 5.1 to realize pressure relief drainage after the test is finished;
a capsule water inlet and outlet joint 9 is arranged at the lower end of the side wall of the core tube sleeve 5 and is positioned below the capsule passage hole 8.
The drag reduction sleeves 19 are arranged in the lower core tube sleeve connecting port 16, the middle core tube sleeve connecting port 17 and the upper core tube sleeve connecting port 18, the drag reduction sleeves 19 are arranged on the outer wall of the core tube 2, and the drag reduction sleeves are used for reducing the relative sliding resistance between the core tube 2 and the core tube sleeve 5 and the sealing assembly 6, so that a good sealing effect is achieved, and the service life is prolonged.
A spacer sleeve 7 is arranged on the sealing member 6, the spacer sleeve 7 is arranged between the upper core tube sleeve connecting port 18 and the middle core tube sleeve connecting port 17, and the spacer sleeve is used for adjusting the distance between the sealing member in the core tube sleeve cavity and the core tube sleeve connecting port.
The upper core tube sleeve connecting port 18, the middle core tube sleeve connecting port 17, the lower core tube sleeve connecting port 16 and the spacer sleeve 7 are all arranged on the periphery of the core tube 2 in a circumferential direction and are sequentially arranged up and down (as shown in fig. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6), and are mutually separated and correspond to each other, so that the purpose of communicating and effectively separating an upper core tube hole with the upper core tube sleeve connecting port as required is achieved; the gland 4 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the core tube sleeve 5 through the gland set screw 3.
The lower core pipe hole 14 and the upper core pipe hole 15 are arranged at intervals, and a core pipe return spring 13 and a core pipe position adjusting nut 12 are arranged at the lower part of the core pipe 2; the core tube position adjusting nut 12 sleeved on the core tube 2 is positioned below the core tube return spring 13 and at the upper end of the core tube plug 11, and is used for adjusting the counterweight at the lower part of the multi-channel switching quick pressure relief device so as to achieve the purpose that the core tube of the multi-channel switching quick pressure relief device can be in a correct position state under different load conditions, and the reliability of the working state is improved.
The distance between the lower core tube hole 14 and the upper core tube hole 15 is smaller than the distance between the upper core tube sleeve connecting opening 18 and the lower core tube sleeve connecting opening 16, and the distance is designed according to the mutual isolation and communication requirements of the upper core tube sleeve connecting opening 18, the upper core tube hole 15, the lower core tube sleeve connecting opening 16 and the lower core tube hole 14, so that the aims of ensuring an effective isolation interval and preventing mutual serial pressure relief are achieved.
The first connecting port 10.1 is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower connecting port of the core tube sleeve 5, the outer diameter of the core tube 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower connecting port of the core tube sleeve 5, the second connecting port 10.2 is internally provided with a communication hole 10.21, and the lower working chamber and the lower capsule test section are mainly provided for the core tube shaft of the multi-channel switching rapid pressure relief device to be communicated, so that a drill rod is communicated with the test section through a connector in the core tube shaft hole, and the purpose of supplying water for the test section is achieved; the capsule passage hole 8 comprises a water drain hole 8.1 and a water inlet and outlet hole 8.2, the water drain hole 8.1 is positioned above the water inlet and outlet hole 8.2, the water drain hole 8.1 corresponds to the middle core pipe sleeve connecting port 17, and the water inlet and outlet hole 8.2 corresponds to the lower core pipe sleeve connecting port 16; the water discharging hole 8.1, the water inlet and outlet hole 8.2 and the capsule water inlet and outlet joint 9 are communicated through a pipeline, the water discharging hole 8.1 mainly provides a high-pressure water discharging channel, the water inlet and outlet hole 8.2 can provide water for capsules and can provide primary water for the capsules, and the purpose is to provide water inlet for a test capsule channel and effectively and completely discharge water.
The sealing piece 6 is a V-shaped sealing ring group, and the sealing ring component is effectively matched with related components such as the core pipe shaft 2, the core pipe sleeve 5, the spacer sleeve 7, the drag reduction sleeve 19 and the like, so that the purpose that the core pipe shaft can effectively slide up and down on the core pipe sleeve and can effectively seal under high pressure is achieved.
The upper core tube hole 15 is cross-shaped; the lower core tube hole 14 is cross-shaped, the size and arrangement of the apertures of the upper core tube hole 15 and the lower core tube hole 14 are mainly determined according to the outer diameter of the device and the size of the core tube, and the upper core tube hole 15 and the lower core tube hole 14 are generally cross-shaped, and can also be in a delta shape or in a porous arrangement.
The core tube is made of high-strength stainless steel, and the tensile strength, the smoothness and the machining matching precision of the core tube meet the actual requirements; the invention has high core tube processing precision and better adaptability of the pressure regulating spring and the lower counterweight.
The first water filling hole 21.1 is arranged at the upper part of the water stopping capsule 21, and the second water filling hole 21.2 is arranged at the lower part of the water stopping capsule 21; one end of the high-pressure hose 30 is connected to the capsule passage hole 8, the other end is connected to the first water filling hole 21.1, and the second water filling hole 21.2 can be used for connecting with a water filling hole on another water stopping capsule 21;
a water-stop capsule core tube 31 is connected to the lower end of the plug connector 10 and is communicated with the plug connector 10, and the lower end of the water-stop capsule core tube 31 passes through the water-stop capsule 21 and is communicated with a plug test flower tube 32; the lower end of the embolic test tube 32 may be used to attach another water stop capsule 21 (shown in fig. 1, 7, 8).
As can be seen with reference to the accompanying drawings: the pressure relief method of the drilling pressurized water test multichannel conversion rapid pressure relief device comprises the following steps of:
step one: the multi-channel switching rapid pressure relief device 20 is arranged on a water stop capsule 21, a drill rod 26 is connected to the reducer union 1, and the water stop capsule 21 is connected with a capsule channel hole 8 through a high-pressure hose 30;
the drill frame 27, the pressure sensor 28, the observation recording system 29, the water pump 23, the pressure gauge 24, the multi-channel switching quick pressure relief device 20 and the water stopping capsule 21 are connected in ready mode according to the whole set of installation diagrams of the water pressure test (shown in figures 1 and 7), at the moment, the core pipe 2 of the multi-channel switching quick pressure relief device is in an initial state (shown in figures 2, 3 and 4), the lower core pipe hole 14 in the pipeline channel is aligned with the lower core pipe sleeve connecting port 16 and forms a channel with the water inlet and outlet hole 8.2 of the capsule channel hole, the capsule water inlet and outlet joint 9 and the water stopping capsule 21, the water stopping capsule 21 is in a water filling preparation state, the water pump 23 is started to supply water to the pipeline for pressurization, the water stopping capsule 21 is gradually inflated, and after the water pressure gauge 24 of the water pump is read to be 10-15 MPa stable (shown in figure 8);
step two: after the inflation of the water-stopping capsules 21 is finished, the two water-stopping capsules 21 are tightly attached to the hole wall of the drilling hole 25, the pressurized water test section 22 is isolated from the upper hole section and the lower hole section through the two water-stopping capsules 21 which are inflated and tightly attached to the hole wall of the drilling hole 25, the reading of the water pump pressure gauge 24 is still stable, the drill rod 26 is downwards moved by about 8cm to the state of fig. 5 by operating the drill rig, the core pipe 2 in the multi-channel switching rapid pressure relief device is downwards moved, the lower core pipe hole 14 is isolated from the lower core pipe sleeve connecting port 16 and is communicated with the plug connector 10, namely, the water-stopping capsule plug water inlet channel is closed, the interface of the pressurized water test section 22 is opened, and the pressurized water test section 22 is communicated; when the water pressure test section 22 is just connected, the reading of the water pump pressure gauge 24 can be reduced for a short period of time, and then the water pump pressure gauge is increased, and meanwhile, the water pump pressure reading is adjusted to the pressure required by the test and kept stable, and the blocking of the water pressure test section 22 is completed; after pressure test confirmation, the test stage is shifted to a pressurized water test stage;
step three: after the water pressure test is finished, stopping the water supply and pressurization of the water pump 23, opening a ground drain valve, enabling water injection in the drill rod 26 to be communicated with the atmosphere through the drain valve for pressure relief, lifting the drill rod 26 to a state of about 8cm to a state of fig. 2 after the water pressure in the drill rod 26 is stable, at the moment, lifting the core pipe 2 in the multi-channel switching rapid pressure relief device 20 to the lower core pipe hole 14 in the pipeline channel to be aligned with the lower core pipe sleeve connecting port 16, at the moment, closing and connecting the interface of the water pressure test section 22 with the lower core pipe sleeve connecting port 16, and releasing high-pressure water in the capsule to be in a relatively loose recovery state;
step four: when the depth of the drilling hole 25 is within 100 meters and the underground water level is high, the water head pressure is not high, the internal pressure of the capsule is basically equal to the internal pressure of the hole, the capsule can quickly and automatically recover, i.e. the drilling machine can be operated to lift or lower the drill rod, the facilities in the hole can be shifted to the next test section according to the requirement, the test of the next test section in another selected test in the hole can be continued according to the operation, at the moment, the multi-channel switching rapid pressure relief device in the hole is in the state of fig. 2, and the test can be started by starting the water pump 23 to flush and pressurize the capsule in the first step;
when the depth of the drilling hole 25 is more than 100 meters and even 1000 meters, the water level in the drilling hole 25 is very low, the water column pressure in the drilling rod enables the capsule to be still inflated, the capsule is still closely attached to the hole wall of the drilling hole 25, the capsule is difficult to shrink or recover to be unsatisfactory, so that the lifting capsule is blocked, at the moment, the multi-channel switching quick pressure relief device 20 is adopted to implement pressure relief drainage operation, the drilling rod 26 is continuously lifted by about 8cm, the core tube 2 presses the core tube return spring 13 in the plug connector 10 upwards, at the moment, the upper core tube hole 15 and the middle core tube sleeve connecting opening 17 form a channel with the water stop capsule 21, the drilling rod 26 and the drilling hole 25 (as shown in fig. 6), the water head in the working tube is communicated with the drilling hole 25 through the communication opening at the outer side of the upper core tube sleeve connecting opening 18, meanwhile, the water stop capsule 21 and the hole wall 25 are quickly relieved by the water stop capsule 21 form a gap with the drilling hole wall 25 along with the channel to be discharged into the drilling hole 25; the water stopping capsule 21 is in a free moving state, and the multichannel conversion rapid pressure relief device 20 automatically restores to an initial state under the action of the core tube return spring 13, as shown in fig. 2;
step five: the above operation is repeated until the other sections of the drill hole 25 are tested for pressurized water, and if necessary, the test comparison can be repeated, and the pressurized water can be compared with the conventional pressurized water test.
In order to more clearly explain the advantages of the drilling pressurized water test multichannel conversion rapid pressure relief device and the pressure relief method thereof compared with the existing pressurized water test blocking pressure relief device adopting a hydraulic plug and the pressure relief method thereof, the two technical schemes are compared by a worker, the two technical schemes are applied to the drilling test of a hydropower station in southwest, and the comparison results are shown in the following table:
comparison result table
As can be seen from the above table, compared with the existing pressurized water test blocking pressure relief device and the existing pressurized water test blocking pressure relief method adopting the hydraulic plug, the multi-channel switching rapid pressure relief device and the pressure relief method for the drilling pressurized water test provided by the invention have the advantages that the time required for completing a section of drilling (the depth of the drilling is 100-1000 m, the water level in the drilling is very low) is less, the labor required is less, the cost required is less, the drilling efficiency is higher, the full-hole continuous pressurized water test can be realized in the deep hole pressurized water test, and the problem that the capsule plug cannot cause a clamping hole in the pressurized water test is solved.
Other non-illustrated parts are known in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a drilling pressurized-water test multichannel conversion quick pressure relief device, includes core pipe (2), sets up core pipe end cap (11) and cover in core pipe sleeve (5) of core pipe (2) periphery in core pipe (2) lower extreme, its characterized in that: the device also comprises a lower core tube sleeve connecting port (16), a middle core tube sleeve connecting port (17), an upper core tube sleeve connecting port (18), an upper core tube hole (15) and a lower core tube hole (14) which are arranged on the core tube (2); the top of the core sleeve (5) is provided with a gland (4), the bottom of the core sleeve is provided with a plug connector (10), the plug connector (10) is communicated with the core sleeve (5), the plug connector (10) is of a hollow structure, the upper end of the plug connector (10) is provided with a first connecting port (10.1) communicated with the core sleeve (5), and the lower end of the plug connector is provided with a second connecting port (10.2);
the first connecting port (10.1) is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower connecting port of the core tube sleeve (5), and the outer diameter of the core tube (2) is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower connecting port of the core tube sleeve (5); a communication hole (10.21) is arranged in the second connecting port (10.2); the capsule passage hole (8) comprises a water drain hole (8.1) and a water inlet and outlet hole (8.2), the water drain hole (8.1) is positioned above the water inlet and outlet hole (8.2), the water drain hole (8.1) corresponds to the middle core pipe sleeve connecting port (17), and the water inlet and outlet hole (8.2) corresponds to the lower core pipe sleeve connecting port (16); the water drain hole (8.1), the water inlet and outlet hole (8.2) are communicated with the capsule water inlet and outlet joint (9) through a pipeline;
the upper end of the core tube (2) extends upwards to a gland (4) and is connected with a reducer union (1), and the lower end of the core tube (2) extends downwards to a core tube sleeve (5) and is positioned in a plug union (10); a sealing element (6) is arranged between the core tube (2) and the core tube sleeve (5);
the core sleeve (5) is provided with a capsule passage hole (8) and is provided with an upper core sleeve connecting port (18), a middle core sleeve connecting port (17) and a lower core sleeve connecting port (16), which are sequentially arranged on the sealing piece (6) from top to bottom, the core sleeve (5) is provided with a core sleeve drain hole (5.1) communicated with the drilling hole (25), and the upper core sleeve connecting port (18) is communicated with the core sleeve drain hole (5.1);
the capsule water inlet and outlet joint (9) is arranged at the lower end of the side wall of the core tube sleeve (5) and is positioned below the capsule passage hole (8).
2. The drilling and water pressure test multichannel conversion quick pressure relief device according to claim 1, wherein: the drag reduction sleeve (19) is arranged in the lower core tube sleeve connecting opening (16), the middle core tube sleeve connecting opening (17) and the upper core tube sleeve connecting opening (18), and the drag reduction sleeve (19) is arranged on the outer wall of the core tube (2).
3. A drilling water pressure test multichannel conversion rapid pressure relief device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: a spacer sleeve (7) is arranged on the sealing piece (6), and the spacer sleeve (7) is arranged between the upper core tube sleeve connecting opening (18) and the middle core tube sleeve connecting opening (17).
4. A borehole jack test multichannel conversion rapid pressure relief device as recited in claim 3, wherein: the upper core tube sleeve connecting opening (18), the middle core tube sleeve connecting opening (17), the lower core tube sleeve connecting opening (16) and the spacer sleeve (7) are all arranged on the periphery of the core tube (2) in a circumferential direction; the gland (4) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the core tube sleeve (5) through the gland set screw (3).
5. The drilling and water pressure test multichannel conversion quick pressure relief device according to claim 4, wherein: the lower core tube holes (14) and the upper core tube holes (15) are arranged at intervals, and a core tube return spring (13) and a core tube position adjusting nut (12) are arranged at the lower part of the core tube (2); the core tube position adjusting nut (12) sleeved on the core tube (2) is positioned below the core tube return spring (13) and is positioned at the upper end of the core tube plug (11).
6. The drilling and water pressure test multichannel conversion quick pressure relief device according to claim 5, wherein: the distance between the lower core tube hole (14) and the upper core tube hole (15) is smaller than the distance between the upper core tube sleeve connecting opening (18) and the lower core tube sleeve connecting opening (16).
7. The drilling and water pressure test multichannel conversion quick pressure relief device according to claim 6, wherein: the sealing piece (6) is a sealing ring group.
8. The drilling and water pressure test multichannel conversion quick pressure relief device according to claim 7, wherein: the upper core pipe hole (15) is cross-shaped; the lower core tube hole (14) is cross-shaped.
9. The method for releasing pressure of the multi-channel switching quick release device for drilling and water pressure test according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
step one: the multi-channel switching quick pressure relief device (20) is arranged on a water stopping capsule (21), a drill rod (26) is connected to a reducing joint (1), the water stopping capsule (21) is connected with a capsule passage hole (8) through a high-pressure hose (30), a drill frame (27), a pressure sensor (28), an observation recording system (29), a water pump (23), a pressure gauge (24), the multi-channel switching quick pressure relief device (20) and the water stopping capsule (21) are connected in a ready mode according to a water pressure test complete set installation diagram, at the moment, a core pipe (2) of the multi-channel switching quick pressure relief device (20) is in an initial state, a lower core pipe hole (14) in a pipeline passage is aligned with a lower core pipe sleeve connecting port (16) and forms a passage with a water inlet and outlet hole (8.2) of the capsule passage hole, a water inlet and outlet joint (9) of the capsule and the water stopping capsule (21), the water stopping capsule (21) is in a water filling preparation state, the water pump (23) is started to supply water to pressurize the pipeline, the water stopping capsule (21) is gradually inflated, and the water pump pressure gauge (24) is read to be 10-15 MPa and stable, and then the water stopping capsule (21) is filled;
step two: the water-stopping capsules (21) are inflated, the two water-stopping capsules (21) are tightly attached to the hole wall of the drilling hole (25), the water-pressing test section (22) is isolated from the upper hole section and the lower hole section through the two water-stopping capsules (21) which are inflated and tightly attached to the hole wall of the drilling hole (25), the reading of the water pump pressure gauge (24) is still stable, the drill rod (26) is downwards moved by about 8cm by operating the drill, the core tube (2) in the multi-channel switching rapid pressure relief device is downwards moved, the lower core tube hole (14) is isolated from the lower core tube sleeve connecting port (16) and communicated with the plug connector (10), namely, a water-stopping capsule plug water inlet channel is closed, a water-pressing test section (22) interface is opened, and the water-pressing test section (22) is communicated; when the water pressure test section (22) is just connected, the reading of the water pump pressure gauge (24) can be reduced for a short period of time, and then the water pump pressure gauge is increased, and meanwhile, the water pump pressure reading is adjusted to the pressure required by the test and kept stable, and the blocking of the water pressure test section (22) is completed; after pressure test confirmation, the test stage is shifted to a pressurized water test stage;
step three: after the water pressure test is finished, stopping water supply and pressurization of a water pump (23), opening a ground water distribution and drainage valve, enabling water injection in a drill rod (26) to be communicated with the atmosphere through the drainage valve and to be decompressed, lifting the drill rod (26) by about 8cm after the water pressure in the drill rod (26) is stable, enabling a core pipe (2) in a multi-channel switching rapid pressure relief device (20) to ascend until a lower core pipe hole (14) in a pipeline channel is aligned with a lower core pipe sleeve connecting port (16), closing an interface of a water pressure test section (22), connecting the lower core pipe sleeve connecting port (16), decompressing high-pressure water in a capsule, and enabling the high-pressure water in the capsule to be in a relatively loose recovery state;
step four: when the depth of the drilling hole (25) is within 100 meters and the underground water level is higher, the water head pressure is not high, the internal pressure of the capsule is basically equal to the internal pressure of the hole, the capsule can quickly and automatically recover, i.e. the drilling machine can be operated to lift or lower the drill rod, the in-hole facility can be transferred to the next test section as required, the test of the next selected test section in the hole is continued according to the operation, at the moment, the in-hole multi-channel switching rapid pressure relief device (20) is in an initial state, and the test starts by starting the water pump (23) to flush and pressurize the capsule in the step one;
when the depth of a drilling hole (25) is more than 100 meters and even 1000 meters, the water level in the drilling hole (25) is very low, the water column pressure in the drilling rod enables a capsule to be still inflated, the capsule is still closely attached to the hole wall of the drilling hole (25), the capsule is difficult to shrink or recover and is not ideal, the capsule is lifted to be blocked, the drilling rod (26) is lifted up continuously by about 8cm, a core tube (2) is pressed by a core tube return spring (13) in a plug connector (10) to ascend, at the moment, a channel is formed between an upper core tube hole (15) and a middle core tube sleeve connecting hole (17), a water stopping capsule (21) and the drilling rod (26) and the drilling hole (25), the water head in a working tube is communicated with the drilling hole (25) through the outer side connecting hole of the upper core tube sleeve connecting hole (18), meanwhile, a water stopping capsule (21) is quickly depressurized and retracted along with the channel, and the hole wall of the drilling hole (25) is loosened; the water stopping capsule (21) is in a free moving state, and the multichannel conversion rapid pressure relief device (20) automatically restores to an initial state under the action of the core tube return spring (13);
step five: the above operation is repeated until the other sections of the drill hole (25) are subjected to the pressurized water test, and the test comparison can be repeated or the pressurized water test can be compared with the conventional pressurized water test.
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