CN109267491B - A mobile formwork and its construction method - Google Patents
A mobile formwork and its construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109267491B CN109267491B CN201811211281.XA CN201811211281A CN109267491B CN 109267491 B CN109267491 B CN 109267491B CN 201811211281 A CN201811211281 A CN 201811211281A CN 109267491 B CN109267491 B CN 109267491B
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- box girder
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
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Abstract
The invention discloses a movable formwork and a construction method thereof, and relates to the technical field of bridge construction. The movable formwork comprises a plurality of formwork traveling devices arranged on piers, two main beam frames are arranged on the formwork traveling devices, movable formworks for pouring box girder concrete are arranged between the two main beam frames, two cranes are fixedly arranged on the two main beam frames, and a hanging bracket is arranged below the two cranes; the movable formwork further comprises a jig frame vehicle positioned on the concrete box girder and used for binding and transporting the concrete box girder reinforcement cage. Hoisting the bound reinforcement cage into a movable formwork, carrying the reinforcement cage by the movable formwork to walk through holes, and finally integrally transferring the reinforcement cage to the installation position of the movable formwork, so that the hoisting operation of the reinforcement cage is simpler and more convenient, the difficulty in hoisting the reinforcement cage is greatly reduced, the construction efficiency of the movable formwork is improved, and the construction safety risk is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge construction, in particular to a movable formwork and a construction method thereof.
Background
The movable formwork is a construction machine with a formwork, a bearing platform or a pier column is used as a support, and the construction machine is used for casting a bridge in situ and is widely applied to the field of bridge construction at home and abroad. At present, an in-situ cast-in-place construction method is generally adopted, a reinforcement cage of a concrete box girder is assembled and bound in a template of a movable formwork to form a whole, and then box girder concrete is poured and maintained. And the working time of ligature steel reinforcement cage and pouring box girder concrete is longer, and two processes can not go on simultaneously, and the labour utilizes inadequately, and the construction period is long, and the efficiency of construction is low, and economic nature is relatively poor.
In addition, in order to separate and synchronize the binding of the reinforcement cage and the box girder concrete curing, the mobile formwork is firstly moved to pass through the holes in the construction process, and then the bound reinforcement cage is hoisted into the mobile formwork, so that the operation difficulty of hoisting the reinforcement cage is increased, and the safety risk of high-altitude hoisting is obviously increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention solves the technical problems that: how to shorten the time limit for a project of current bridge construction, simplify the hoist and mount operation of steel reinforcement cage, improve movable mould frame's efficiency of construction, reduce construction safety risk.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a movable formwork which comprises a plurality of formwork traveling devices arranged on piers, wherein two main beam frames are arranged on the formwork traveling devices, each main beam frame comprises an upper main beam and a lower main beam, the lower main beam is movably connected with the formwork traveling devices, the lower main beams are fixedly connected with the upper main beams through a plurality of supporting plates, a movable formwork is arranged between the two main beam frames, the movable formwork comprises a plurality of bottom formworks, two sides of each bottom formwork can be detachably connected with side formworks, the side formworks on the two sides of the bottom formwork are respectively arranged on the two main beam frames, two cranes are fixedly arranged on the two main beam frames, a hanging bracket is arranged below the two cranes and is connected with hanging tools of the two cranes;
the movable mould frame also comprises a mould frame vehicle positioned on the concrete box girder, the mould frame vehicle comprises an outer mould frame, the bottom of the outer mould frame is provided with a plurality of walking trolleys, and the outer mould frame is formed by fixedly connecting profile steel and steel plates;
the front end part of the main beam frame is fixedly provided with a front guide beam frame, the rear end part of the main beam frame is fixedly provided with a rear guide beam frame, the front guide beam frame and the rear guide beam frame are both arranged along the extension direction of the main beam frame, and the total length of the movable mould frame is greater than the sum of the lengths of the two concrete box beams.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the two cranes are gantry cranes and respectively comprise a frame with a supporting function, the frame comprises a cross beam, two ends of the cross beam are fixedly connected with the top of the L-shaped stand column, the bottom of the L-shaped stand column is fixedly connected with a main beam frame of the movable mould frame, and the L-shaped stand column is provided with a connecting and fixing device.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the crane comprises two lifting devices arranged on the cross beam, the two lifting devices are movably connected with the cross beam of the crane, and each lifting device is connected with the upper chord node of the lower hanging bracket sequentially through a steel cable and a lifting appliance.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the tire frame vehicle further comprises an inner tire frame positioned above the outer tire frame, and the inner tire frame is formed by detachably connecting small-sized section steel through fasteners or bolts.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the movable formwork further comprises an inner formwork arranged in the concrete box girder reinforcement cage, and the inner formwork is formed by detachably connecting steel plates and angle steels.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the hanging bracket is of a truss structure formed by fixedly connecting section steel or angle steel, and a plurality of hooks are arranged on the lower chord nodes of the truss.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the lower part of the outer tyre frame is fixedly connected with the walking trolley through a telescopic rod.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the front guide beam frame and the rear guide beam frame are of double-guide-beam symmetrical structures, and the double guide beams are connected through the transverse truss.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention also provides a construction method by using the movable formwork, which comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, loosely splicing a concrete box girder reinforcement cage which comprises a concrete box girder prestressed pipeline and a prestressed tendon on a movable mould frame, pouring concrete, maintaining the concrete box girder, tensioning and anchoring the box girder prestressed tendon, descending the movable mould frame to demould, separating a movable template from the poured concrete box girder, and turning to S2;
s2: mounting a jig frame vehicle on the poured concrete box girder, binding a concrete box girder reinforcement cage by using the jig frame vehicle, mounting a concrete box girder prestressed pipeline and a prestressed beam, and turning to S3;
s3: lifting the concrete box girder reinforcement cage together with the inner jig frame by using a crane and a lifting frame to separate the reinforcement cage from the outer jig frame, and turning to S4;
s4: the movable formwork carries the concrete box girder reinforcement cage to travel through the holes, reaches the construction position of the concrete box girder of the next hole, starts to bind the concrete box girder reinforcement cage of the next hole on the outer bed-jig, and turns to S5;
s5: placing the concrete box girder reinforcement cage by the crane, placing the concrete box girder reinforcement cage in a movable template of a movable formwork, removing an inner moulding bed, installing an inner template of the box girder, and turning to S6;
s6: pouring box girder concrete, curing, stretching box girder prestressed bundles, anchoring, synchronously binding a next hole box girder reinforcement cage, and turning to S7;
s7: and the jig frame vehicle is utilized to move forwards, and the tied concrete box girder reinforcement cage is integrally translated to the position below the crane of the movable formwork.
On the basis of the technical scheme, before the mobile formwork carries the concrete box girder reinforcement cage to pass through the hole in S4, the method further comprises the following steps: temporarily and fixedly connecting the concrete box girder reinforcement cage with an upright post of a crane; after the movable formwork reaches the construction position of the concrete box girder of the next hole in the S4, the method further comprises the following steps: and the temporary fixed connection between the concrete box girder reinforcement cage and the upright post is released.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) the two successive processes of concrete pouring, curing and reinforcement cage binding are changed into a synchronous process, the reinforcement cage is scattered and bound in the template, and the reinforcement cage is bound in advance on a jig frame vehicle and integrally hoisted into the mold, so that the reinforcement cage binding time of the movable mold frame is saved, each construction period is shortened by 4-6 days, and the construction efficiency of the conventional movable mold frame is greatly improved;
2) firstly hoisting the bound reinforcement cage into a movable formwork, then carrying the reinforcement cage by the movable formwork to walk through holes, and finally integrally lowering the reinforcement cage to the installation position of the movable formwork, so that the hoisting operation of the reinforcement cage is simpler and more convenient, the difficulty in hoisting the reinforcement cage is greatly reduced, the construction efficiency of the movable formwork is improved, and the construction safety risk is reduced;
3) before walking the via hole, take measures will bind the good steel reinforcement cage and fix on the stand of hoist temporarily, reduce the moving die carrier and carry the rocking of steel reinforcement cage at walking in-process, guarantee the stability of moving the via hole of moving the die carrier to reduce the safety risk of walking the via hole.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of the mobile mold frame of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional structure view of the main girder in a concrete casting state according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the main girder in a running through hole state according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional structure view of the main girder in a hoisting state of the reinforcement cage.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of the jig frame vehicle in a reinforcement cage binding state according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing the structure of a leading beam frame in the present invention.
Fig. 7-14 are schematic views illustrating construction steps of the movable formwork in the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a formwork trolley, 2-a concrete box girder reinforcement cage, 3-a hanger, 4-a crane, 5-a hook, 6-a concrete box girder, 7-a rear guide frame, 8-a formwork walking device, 9-a main beam frame, 10-a movable formwork, 11-a pier, 12-a front guide frame, 13-a lifting device, 14-an inner formwork, 15-a connecting and fixing device, 16-an outer formwork, 17-an inner formwork, 18-a walking trolley and 19-a transverse truss.
Detailed Description
The term "front" used in the present invention means the same direction as the construction direction, and the term "rear" means the opposite direction to the construction direction, and embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1, the movable formwork comprises a plurality of formwork traveling devices 8 installed on piers 11, two main beam frames 9 are symmetrically arranged on each formwork traveling device 8, each main beam frame 9 comprises an upper main beam and a lower main beam which are movably connected with the formwork traveling devices 8, each lower main beam is movably connected with the corresponding formwork traveling device 8, and each lower main beam is fixedly connected with the corresponding upper main beam through a plurality of supporting plates. Wherein, the die carrier running gear 8 is prior art.
Referring to fig. 2, a movable formwork 10 for pouring box girder concrete is installed between the two main frames 9, and the movable formwork 10 connects the two main frames 9 into a whole. The movable template 10 comprises a plurality of bottom templates, side templates are detachably connected to two sides of each bottom template, the side templates on the two sides of each bottom template are respectively installed on the two main beam frames 9, and a space for placing the concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 to be poured is enclosed by the bottom templates and the side templates.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, two cranes 4 for hoisting the concrete box girder steel reinforcement cage 2 are fixedly installed on two main beam frames 9 at symmetrical positions on two sides of a beam span center line, a hanger 3 is arranged below the two cranes 4, and the hanger 3 is connected with a hanger of the two cranes 4 and used for assisting in hoisting the concrete box girder steel reinforcement cage 2. Concrete box girder steel reinforcement cage 2 is a box structure, is formed by the ligature of a plurality of reinforcing bars, can prevent effectively through gallows 3 that the deformation that the steel reinforcement cage produced at the hoist and mount in-process is too big to guarantee the engineering quality of bridge construction.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the moving formwork further comprises a jig frame vehicle 1 positioned on the concrete box girder 6 for binding and transporting the concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2. The jig frame vehicle 1 comprises an outer jig frame 16, the bottom of which is provided with a plurality of walking trolleys 18, and the outer jig frame 16 is used for binding a concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 and transporting the bound reinforcement cage to the lower part of a crane 4 of a movable formwork. The outer bed-jig 16 is formed by adopting shaped steel and steel sheet fixed connection, and its structure designs according to the outside structure of concrete box girder steel reinforcement cage 2 to ligature the overall dimension into the design with the reinforcing bar, not only provide the work platform for ligature steel reinforcement cage, but also can provide the effect of location and support for the reinforcing bar.
Referring to fig. 1, a front guide beam frame 12 is fixedly arranged at the front end part of the main beam frame 9, a rear guide beam frame 7 is fixedly arranged at the rear end part of the main beam frame 9, and the front guide beam frame 12 and the rear guide beam frame 7 are arranged along the extension direction of the main beam frame 9.
Referring to fig. 7 to 14, the total length of the movable formwork (the sum of the lengths of the main beam frame 9, the front guide beam frame 12 and the rear guide beam frame 7) is greater than the sum of the lengths of the two concrete box girders, and in the process of moving the movable formwork through the through holes, after the front guide beam frame 12 is lapped on the front pier 11, the guide beam frame is separated from the rear pier 11, so that more than two piers 11 supporting the movable formwork at the same time are ensured, and the safety risk of moving the through holes of the movable formwork is reduced.
Example 2: on the basis of embodiment 1, referring to fig. 2, the two cranes 4 are gantry cranes, and each of the two cranes includes a frame having a supporting function, the frame includes a cross beam, two ends of the cross beam are both fixedly connected to the top of an L-shaped upright, and the bottom of the L-shaped upright is fixedly connected to a main beam frame 9 of the movable formwork, so that a frame body with a wide top and a narrow bottom is formed, and the supporting function of the bridge pier 11 is conveniently utilized.
Referring to fig. 3, the L-shaped columns are provided with connecting and fixing devices 15 for temporarily and fixedly connecting the concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 with the L-shaped columns of the crane 4 before the travelling through holes, so that the shaking of the reinforcement cage carried by the movable formwork in the travelling process is reduced, the stability of the travelling through holes of the movable formwork is ensured, the overall anti-overturning coefficient of the movable formwork is increased, and the safety risk of the travelling through holes is reduced. The connecting and fixing device 15 can be a connecting rope, a connecting buckle or a connecting buckle, and after the movable formwork reaches the construction position of the concrete box girder at the next hole, the temporary fixed connection between the concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 and the L-shaped upright post is released, so that the concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 is not influenced to be arranged in the movable formwork 10.
Example 3: on the basis of the embodiment 2, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the crane 4 includes two lifting devices 13 symmetrically disposed on the beam, each lifting device 13 is a crown block, a winch or an electric block, and is connected to the upper chord node of the lower hanger 3 through a steel cable and a lifting appliance in sequence, and the tied reinforcement cage is integrally placed at the installation position of the movable formwork by lifting or lowering the hanger 3. Through two hoisting device 13 of synchronous operation, ensure that gallows 3 is hoisted by the level, reduce rocking of concrete box girder steel reinforcement cage 2 in promotion, transfer process.
Referring to fig. 3, the lifting device 13 is movably connected with the cross beam of the crane 4, and the lifting device 13 horizontally moves along the cross beam to drive the concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 to horizontally move, so that the bound concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 is integrally translated to the installation position of the movable formwork, and the precision of bridge construction is improved.
Example 4: on the basis of any one of the embodiments 1 to 3, referring to fig. 5, the jig car 1 further includes an inner jig 17 located above the outer jig 16, and after the inner jig 17 is installed, the bottom plate and the web plate reinforcements are bound, and then the top plate reinforcements are bound, so as to temporarily connect the top plate reinforcements and the bottom plate reinforcements of the concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 into a whole. The inner tire frame 17 is formed by detachably connecting small-sized section steel by adopting a fastener or a bolt, and is convenient to install and dismantle. The structure of the inner tire frame 17 is designed according to the internal structure of the concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2, and the inner tire frame 17 plays roles in positioning and supporting the reinforcement in the reinforcement binding process; referring to fig. 4, the inner framework 17 can also prevent the reinforcement cage from deforming too much during the process of hoisting the reinforcement cage 2 of the concrete box girder.
Example 5: on the basis of any one of embodiments 1-3, referring to fig. 2, the mobile formwork further comprises an inner formwork 14 installed in the reinforcement cage 2 of the concrete box girder for casting the inner contour dimension of the concrete box girder design. The inner formworks 14 are formed by detachably connecting steel plates and angle steels, and are convenient to install and dismantle. The concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 is firstly arranged in the movable template 10, then the inner template 14 is arranged in the reinforcement cage, and the inner template 14 is removed after pouring and maintenance.
Example 6: on the basis of any one of embodiments 1 to 3, referring to fig. 2, the hanger 3 is a longitudinal and transverse truss structure formed by connecting section steel or angle steel, the longitudinal truss and the transverse truss are fixedly connected into a whole at a node, and a plurality of hooks 5 for connecting the concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 are uniformly arranged on a lower chord node of the truss. Concrete box girder steel reinforcement cage 2 is hoisted through a plurality of couples 5, and the effort of each tie point of greatly reduced can prevent effectively that concrete box girder steel reinforcement cage 2 from being out of shape too big at the hoist and mount in-process production, the engineering quality of guarantee bridge construction.
Example 7: on the basis of any one of the embodiments 1-3, referring to fig. 5, the lower part of the outer tire frame 16 is fixedly connected with the walking trolley 18 through an expansion link, and the height of the outer tire frame 16 is adjusted, so that the quick separation of the tire frame vehicle 1 and the bound concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 is facilitated, and the construction efficiency of the movable mold frame is improved.
Example 8: on the basis of any one of embodiments 1-3, referring to fig. 6, the front guide beam frame 12 and the rear guide beam frame 7 are both of a double-guide-beam symmetrical structure, and the double guide beams are connected into a whole through the transverse truss 19, so as to improve the safety and stability of the moving formwork.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for bridge construction by using the movable formwork, which comprises the following steps:
s1: referring to fig. 7, firstly, the concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2, which comprises the concrete box girder prestressed pipe and the prestressed tendons, is assembled on the movable formwork in a scattered manner, as shown in fig. 8, concrete is poured, after the construction of the first-hole concrete box girder is completed, the concrete box girder is maintained, the box girder prestressed tendons are tensioned and anchored, the movable formwork descends and is demoulded, the movable formwork 10 is separated from the poured concrete box girder, and the process goes to S2;
s2: referring to fig. 9, installing a jig frame vehicle 1 on the poured concrete box girder, binding a concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 by using the jig frame vehicle 1, and installing a concrete box girder pre-stressed pipeline and a pre-stressed tendon, and then going to S3;
s3: lifting the concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 together with the inner jig frame 17 by using the crane 4 and the lifting frame 3, separating the inner jig frame from the outer jig frame 16, and turning to S4;
s4: referring to fig. 10, the moving formwork carries the concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 (together with the inner jig) to pass through the hole, reaches the construction position of the concrete box girder of the next hole, starts to bind the concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 of the next hole on the outer jig 16, and goes to S5;
s5: referring to fig. 12, the crane 4 integrally lowers the concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 to be placed in the movable formwork 10 of the movable formwork, removes the inner formworks 17, installs the inner formworks 14 of the box girder, and goes to S6;
s6: as shown in fig. 12, the box girder concrete is poured, the box girder is cured, the box girder prestressed bundles are tensioned and anchored, the binding of the steel reinforcement cage of the box girder of the next hole is synchronously completed, and the process goes to S7;
s7: referring to fig. 13 and 14, the jig car 1 moves forwards, the tied concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 is wholly translated to the position below the crane 4 of the movable formwork, and the process goes to S8; firstly, integrally translating the bound concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 to the lower part of a crane 4 of a movable formwork, so that the hoisting operation of the reinforcement cage is simpler and more convenient, the difficulty of hoisting the reinforcement cage is greatly reduced, the construction efficiency of the movable formwork is improved, and the construction safety risk is reduced;
s8: repeating the steps 4 to 8 until all the construction tasks of the concrete box girder are completed, and turning to S9;
s9: and (5) dismantling the movable mould frame and the mould frame walking device 8, and finishing.
On the basis of the construction method, as shown in fig. 3, before the moving formwork carries the concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 to pass through the hole in S4, the method further includes the following steps: the concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 is temporarily and fixedly connected with the upright post of the crane 4, so that the shaking of the reinforcement cage carried by the movable formwork in the walking process is reduced, the stability of walking via holes of the movable formwork is ensured, and the safety risk of the walking via holes is reduced. As shown in fig. 11, after the moving formwork reaches the construction position of the next-hole concrete box girder in S4, the method further includes the following steps: the temporary fixed connection between the concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 and the upright column is removed, and the concrete box girder reinforcement cage 2 is not influenced to be arranged in the movable template 10.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by anyone with the teaching of the present invention, but any changes in the shape or structure thereof, which have the same or similar technical solutions as the present invention, are within the protection scope. Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art.
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| CN111996916A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-11-27 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Cast-in-place box girder integrated construction equipment and construction method thereof |
| CN113217032B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2024-08-23 | 中电建路桥集团有限公司 | Multifunctional movable template for open cut tunnel construction and tunnel construction method |
| CN114775450B (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-09 | 山西临汾市政工程集团股份有限公司 | Construction Auxiliary Formwork for Steel Box Girder |
| CN115637658B (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2024-10-11 | 中铁上海工程局集团有限公司 | Cantilever casting walking machine |
| CN115976980B (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-09-19 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | A method for installing continuous beam segment steel cages |
| CN117758622A (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-03-26 | 中交第二航务工程局有限公司 | Overall rapid installation method of large-span box girder steel frame |
| CN118561144B (en) * | 2024-08-01 | 2024-10-25 | 中建三局(福建)投资建设有限公司 | Integral hoisting equipment for steel reinforcement cage of support conversion beam and working method of integral hoisting equipment |
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| JP2003293319A (en) * | 2002-04-03 | 2003-10-15 | Oriental Construction Co Ltd | Mobile support |
| CN201172797Y (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2008-12-31 | 中铁十一局集团第六工程有限公司 | Portable movable mould frame bridging machine |
| CN202578001U (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2012-12-05 | 中铁四局集团第一工程有限公司 | Movable reinforced steel bar binding mold applicable to movable mold frame |
| CN104294763B (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2016-02-03 | 山东恒堃机械有限公司 | A kind of mobile formwork reinforced mesh transporter |
| CN207079477U (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2018-03-09 | 武汉通联路桥机械技术有限公司 | A kind of mobile formwork bottom web reinforcement skeleton pricks hanging apparatus in advance |
| CN107905110B (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-03-15 | 郑州新大方重工科技有限公司 | A kind of bridge in-situ cast-in-place construction method |
| CN108442255B (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2024-04-19 | 郑州新大方重工科技有限公司 | Movable formwork bridge fabrication machine and construction method for cast-in-situ bridge fabrication |
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