CN109262110A - A kind of metal arc increasing material manufacturing method - Google Patents
A kind of metal arc increasing material manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109262110A CN109262110A CN201811405276.2A CN201811405276A CN109262110A CN 109262110 A CN109262110 A CN 109262110A CN 201811405276 A CN201811405276 A CN 201811405276A CN 109262110 A CN109262110 A CN 109262110A
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- height
- increasing material
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- slice
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
- B23K9/044—Built-up welding on three-dimensional surfaces
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of metal arc increasing material manufacturing methods, the following steps are included: step 1, workpiece to be printed is modeled, according to the material property of the workpiece, it determines every layer of increasing a height of Hp of material layer, increases material Slice Software with electric arc and hierarchy slicing is carried out according to story height H p to part digital-to-analogue in z-direction；Step 2, robot is executed according to the increasing material path code in step 1, carries out increasing material；Step 3, after step 2 increases material, it is scanned by laser to material product surface is increased, the height H of practical increasing material is obtained using image processing algorithm, the number of plies N for currently having increased material is got from slice module, calculates h2=H/N, obtain every layer of average layer height when step 2 increases material, according to the practical height H and the high h2 of average layer for increasing material, model is sliced again in the position of part model height H again according to the high h2 of layer, and exports lower N layers of increasing material program；Step 4, step 2~3 are repeated until part increases material and completes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal arc increasing material manufacturing methods, more particularly to a kind of tracked by laser to promote metal electricity
The method of arc increasing material manufacturing precision belongs to metal welding processing technique field.
Background technique
Electric arc increasing material manufacturing is the molding manufacturing method melted simultaneously successively deposit by welding and realize workpiece.Tradition
It is usually to pass through Slice Software to carry out slice and path planning to the digital-to-analogue of components, and disposably output increases that electric arc, which increases material step,
Material program can't be adjusted during increasing material to material program is increased.Since welding process is influenced by factors, not equality of temperature
Layer High Defferential under degree is larger, and in the case where increasing material program is fixed, the error of short transverse will be successively superimposed, and be manufactured
Part size it is bigger, short transverse error is bigger, however the error of short transverse can not by increase material after part carry out
Secondary operation and eliminate, therefore conventional arc increase material mode in precision aspect, there are biggish defects.The present invention passes through cable architecture
Actual part height data are acquired and are fed back, and pass through software by the mode of optical scanning and slice Program-staged output
Operation is automatically modified increasing material program, the essence that electric arc increases material can be substantially improved to avoid the superposition of every layer of error in this way
Degree.
For the increasing material manufacturing process of metal large-scale component, more due to increasing the material number of plies, overlay error is big, and existing electric arc increases
Material manufacturing method is unable to satisfy the required precision of workpiece.Therefore a kind of exploitation of high-precision metal arc increasing material manufacturing method is very
It is necessary to.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of high-precision metal arc increasing material manufacturing sides
Method, this method adjust subsequent increasing material to the practical increasing material height that part can be calculated, and by the practical material height that increases
The layer of initial position and slicing delamination is high, to greatly improve the precision of metal arc increasing material manufacturing.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of metal arc increasing material manufacturing method, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1, workpiece to be printed is modeled, according to the material property of the workpiece, determines that every layer of increasing material layer is a height of
Hp increases material Slice Software with electric arc and carries out hierarchy slicing according to story height H p to part digital-to-analogue in z-direction, obtains part model two
The profile diagram of dimension is generated using offset algorithm or parallel line sweeping algorithm and increases material path；Part model hierarchy slicing when initial
According to the story height H p that the material property for being workpiece is decided, for example, increasing material story height H p is 2mm, for B material for A material
Material, increasing material story height H p are 3mm；
Step 2, robot is executed according to the increasing material path code in step 1, carries out increasing material；Increase one layer of material or continuously increases material
N layers；
Step 3, it after the increasing material of step 2, is scanned by line laser to material product surface is increased, utilizes height model
It encloses filtering and the height H of practical increasing material is obtained by filtration in profile, if only increasing one layer of material, i.e. when N=1 in step 2, in part model height
The position of degree H is again sliced model according to story height H again, and exports lower N layers of increasing material program；If continuously increasing material in step 2
Several layers, i.e. when N > 1, the number of plies N for currently having increased material is got from slice module, h2=H/N is calculated, obtains increasing in step 2
Every layer of average layer height when material, according to the practical height H and the high h2 of average layer for increasing material, the position of part model height H again
Model is sliced again according to the high h2 of layer, and exports lower N layers of increasing material program；
Step 4, step 2~3 are repeated until part increases material and completes.
In step 1, after electric arc increases material Slice Software to part digital-to-analogue progress hierarchy slicing, offset algorithm or parallel lines are used
Scanning algorithm, which generates, increases material path, and the primary increasing material path code for increasing one layer of material can be set, also can be set and once increase material N layers
Increasing material path code.
In step 2, N value is set as needed, and N value is smaller, and increasing material precision is higher, and N value is bigger, and it is higher to increase material efficiency.
In step 3, when the height H of practical increasing material is calculated, while the abnormal area of ± 1mm is recorded and differing with H,
Under output when N layers of increasing material program, the increasing material technique of the abnormal area of record is adjusted, printing speed is improved for convex portion
Degree reduces the operation such as wire feed rate, can reduce print speed for depressed section or improve wire feed rate, after optimization
Program carries out subsequent increasing material.
Wherein, in step 3, altitude range filtering refers to: after increasing material N layers, the current theory a height of Hn of layer (Hp*N=Hn) leads to
It crosses line laser structured light and has printed part, obtain the point cloud data of part upper surface, according to effective measurement altitude range Hv of setting,
First time filtering, the eligible point for Hn-Hv < Z < Hn+Hv of Z value in retention point cloud are carried out to point cloud data.
Wherein, profile filtering refers to: the outline polygon of n-th layer slice obtained by Slice Software, traverses the point in point cloud,
Point is projected into X/Y plane, if the point is located at outside slicing profile, excludes the point.
The method for filtering noise spot: firstly, setting effective height Hv, it is known that this measurement point, theoretical slice height Hs, time
All the points in a cloud are gone through, point of the height z less than Hs-Hv is excluded and height is greater than the point of Hs+Hv；Then judged in a cloud again
Whether point is in the polygon that slice obtains, then excludes all the points outside polygon, and whether calculate point can in polygon
To use ray method, after excluding noise spot, calculating average Z value in point cloud is Hr, and Hr is the reality of practical printable layer height-increasing material
Height H.
Noise spot filter method, practical printing height are exactly the average height of point cloud after filtering, and average layer height is with practical
Printing height/own printing the number of plies.After getting practical printing height, next layer of slice height is exactly that actual height+average layer is high.
Increasing the judgment basis that material is completed is that practical increasing material height is greater than height 1-3mm in digital-to-analogue, reserves machining allowance.
Compared with the prior art, it is had the beneficial effect that possessed by technical solution of the present invention
The method of the present invention changes traditional increasing material manufacturing and disposably exports the mode for all increasing material program, becomes being layered defeated
Out, and by line-structured light scanning the practical increasing material altitude information of part is acquired, and by software operation, automatically to rear
The continuous material program that increases is modified, and being successively superimposed so as to avoid error when traditional increasing material manufacturing causes part overall precision too low
Problem improves the precision of electric arc increasing material manufacturing.The method of the present invention is to the reality after the completion of each increasing material program can be calculated
Border increases material height, and by the practical layer height for increasing material height and adjusting the subsequent initial position for increasing material and slicing delamination, thus greatly
The big precision for improving metal arc increasing material manufacturing.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is to have printed part after increasing material N layers by line laser structured light, obtained the point cloud data of part upper surface；
Fig. 2 is altitude range filtering and the filtered point cloud data of profile；
Fig. 3 is point cloud apparent height, that is, after getting available point, carries out a cloud average height and calculate the true increasing material obtained
Layer is high；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the method for the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details combined with specific embodiments below.
As shown in figure 4, metal arc increasing material manufacturing method of the present invention, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1, by the available specific weld silk material of technological experiment in items such as certain temperature, speed of welding, wires feed rate
Weld width, height value Hw (Hw is the empirical value obtained according to technological experiment data) under part, software is to part digital-to-analogue stl file
It is sliced by Z-direction according to Hw, obtains two-dimensional profile diagram, then generated and increased using offset algorithm or parallel line sweeping algorithm
Material path, software can choose primary output several layers slice path；
Step 2, robot, which executes, increases material code；
Step 3, after increasing material N layers, the current theory a height of Hn of layer, by line laser structured light, oneself prints part, obtains on part
The point cloud data on surface；
Step 4, according to effective measurement altitude range Hv of setting, first time filtering, retention point are carried out to point cloud data
Z value (highly extremely) the eligible point for Hn-Hv < Z < Hn+Hv in cloud；
Step 5, the outline polygon of n-th layer slice is then obtained by Slice Software again, the point in traversal point cloud is thrown
Shadow is to X/Y plane, if the point is located at outside slicing profile, excludes the point；(calculate whether point can be used in polygon
Ray method)
Step 6, after excluding noise spot by altitude range and profile filtering, the average Z value calculated in point cloud is Hr, the value
It is high for the actual layer after N layers of printing, the high Ha of current average layer can be obtained by the high Hr of actual layer；Ha=Hr/N；
Step 7, it is sliced (the start bit being sliced at this time again using the high Hr of practical printable layer and the high Ha of new average layer
It is set to the position of part model height Hr, a height of Ha of the layer of hierarchy slicing), it obtains following several layers path code and is increased
Material.
By printing-laser measurement-result feedback modifiers mechanism, it can control electric arc and increase the high constantly variation in material process middle layer
And the error accumulated, manual intervention adjustment stem elongation is not needed during increasing material, part overall height is also able to satisfy expected add
Work standard.
Embodiment 1
Metal arc increasing material manufacturing method of the present invention, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1, workpiece to be printed is modeled, according to the material property of the workpiece (material: 4043, diameter: 1.2,
Wire feed rate: 5.5m/min), obtain every layer of increasing a height of Hp of material layer (Hp=2.8mm is the empirical value obtained according to technique), electricity consumption
Arc increases material Slice Software and carries out hierarchy slicing according to story height H p to part digital-to-analogue in z-direction, obtains two-dimensional profile diagram；It uses
Parallel line sweeping algorithm, which generates, increases material path, and the primary increasing material path code for increasing one layer of material is arranged；
Step 2, robot is executed according to the increasing material path code in step 1, carries out increasing material；
Step 3, it after the increasing material of step 2, is scanned by laser to material product surface is increased, utilizes altitude range
The height H of practical increasing material is obtained by filtration in filtering and profile, in the position of part model height H again to model according to story height H weight
New slice, and export next layer of increasing material program；
Step 4, repeat the operation of step 2~3, i.e., it is one layer of increasing material every, it is scanned once, calculates every time practical increasing material
Height, then the position of part model respective heights again to model according to this time actually increase material height be sliced again,
Until part increases material and completes.
Embodiment 2
Metal arc increasing material manufacturing method of the present invention, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1, workpiece to be printed is modeled, according to the material property of the workpiece (material: 4043 diameters: 1.2,
Wire feed rate: 7.5m/min), determine every layer of a height of Hp of increasing material layer (3.2mm), it is right in z-direction to increase material Slice Software with electric arc
Part digital-to-analogue carries out hierarchy slicing according to story height H p, obtains two-dimensional profile diagram；The road Zeng Cai is generated using parallel line sweeping algorithm
The primary increasing material path code for increasing material multilayer (N > 1) is arranged in diameter；
Step 2, robot is executed according to the increasing material path code in step 1, carries out increasing material；Continuously increase material multilayer；
Step 3, it after the increasing material of step 2, is scanned by laser to material product surface is increased, utilizes altitude range
The height H of practical increasing material is obtained by filtration in filtering and profile, and the number of plies N for currently having increased material is got from slice module, calculates h2
=H/N, average layer when obtaining increasing material is high, is sliced again to model according to the high h2 of layer again in the position of part model height H,
And export lower N layers of increasing material program；
Step 4, it repeats the operation of step 2~3 and is scanned one after the completion of that is, each increasing material program (N layers of every increasing material)
It is secondary, the practical height for increasing material after the completion of each increasing material program is calculated, every layer of average layer height when increasing material is calculated, then zero
The position of part model respective heights is again sliced model according to the high height of average layer again, until part increases material and completes.Most
Latter wheel increases the material number of plies and is likely less than N (less than the number of plies of each increasing material program setting), needs to increase material according to last wheel is remaining
Amount calculates reality and increases the material number of plies, and the 1~3mm more than part height in digital-to-analogue of the part height after the completion of increasing material reserves mechanical add
Spare time amount.
First hierarchy slicing height Hp is by technological experiment data acquisition, and subsequent step can be obtained flat by measuring
Equal layer is high, and to correct this experimental data, the error in the direction part XY will not accumulate, and error is less than 3mm, will not influence final zero
Part quality, but the error of Z-direction can accumulate, it is larger to eventually lead to error, is not able to satisfy design tolerance requirement.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of metal arc increasing material manufacturing method, which is characterized in that specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1, workpiece to be printed is modeled, according to the material property of the workpiece, determines every layer of increasing a height of Hp of material layer, used
Electric arc increases material Slice Software and carries out hierarchy slicing according to story height H p to part digital-to-analogue in z-direction, obtains the two dimension of part model
Profile diagram is generated using offset algorithm or parallel line sweeping algorithm and increases material path；
Step 2, robot is executed according to the increasing material path code in step 1, carries out increasing material；Increase one layer of material or continuous material N layers of increasing；
Step 3, after the increasing material of step 2, material product surface is increased to oneself by line laser and is scanned, altitude range is utilized
The height H of practical increasings material is obtained by filtration in filtering and profile, if one layer of material of increasing in step 2, i.e. when N=1, in part model height
The position of H is again sliced model according to story height H again, and exports lower N layers of increasing material program；If continuously increasing material in step 2
, is i.e. when N > 1, the number of plies N for currently having increased material is got from slice module, calculates h2=H/N, when obtaining step 2 and increasing material by several layers
Every layer of average layer height, according to the practical height H and the high h2 of average layer for increasing material, in the position of part model height H again to mould
Type is sliced again according to the high h2 of layer, and exports lower N layers of increasing material program；
Step 4, step 2~3 are repeated until part increases material and completes.
2. metal arc increasing material manufacturing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1, electric arc increases material slice
After software carries out hierarchy slicing to part digital-to-analogue, is generated using offset algorithm or parallel line sweeping algorithm and increase material path, Ke Yishe
The primary increasing material path code for increasing one layer of material is set, the primary increasing material path code for increasing material N layers also can be set.
3. metal arc increasing material manufacturing method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: N value is set as needed, N value
Smaller, increasing material precision is higher, and N value is bigger, and it is higher to increase material efficiency.
4. metal arc increasing material manufacturing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 3, altitude range filtering
Refer to: after increasing material N layers, the current theory a height of Hn of layer has printed part by line laser structured light, has obtained the point cloud of part upper surface
Data carry out first time filtering to point cloud data, Z value symbol in retention point cloud according to effective measurement altitude range Hv of setting
Conjunction condition is the point of Hn-Hv < Z < Hn+Hv.
5. metal arc increasing material manufacturing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 3, profile filtering is
Refer to: obtaining the outline polygon of n-th layer slice by Slice Software, point is projected to X/Y plane, if should by the point in traversal point cloud
Point is located at outside slicing profile, then excludes the point.
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| CN201811405276.2A CN109262110B (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2018-11-23 | Metal electric arc additive manufacturing method |
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| CN201811405276.2A CN109262110B (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2018-11-23 | Metal electric arc additive manufacturing method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110227874A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-09-13 | 南京衍构科技有限公司 | A kind of electric arc increasing material manufacturing method with special construction metal works |
| CN112388107A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-23 | 福州大学 | Additive manufacturing forming geometry online monitoring and correcting method |
| CN112439971A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2021-03-05 | 南京理工大学 | Continuous electric arc additive manufacturing method and device of self-adaptive non-flat surface |
| CN114222642A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2022-03-22 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Stacking molding device, stacking molding method, and stacking molding program |
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| CN108723549A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-11-02 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of electric arc increasing material manufacturing method |
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| CN103858060A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2014-06-11 | 华威大学 | Additive building |
| CN107421958A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2017-12-01 | 通用电气公司 | The use of tomography scanner is that increasing material manufacturing carries out defect correction |
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| CN114222642A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2022-03-22 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Stacking molding device, stacking molding method, and stacking molding program |
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