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Combined fish luring system

Abstract

The invention provides a combined type fish attracting system which is arranged at the downstream of a dam and comprises a high-water-level water flow fish attracting area, an energy dissipation area, a fish collecting groove and a fish attracting device which are sequentially arranged in a straight line along the water flow direction and are communicated, wherein the high-water-level water flow fish attracting area is arranged at the downstream of a water level with a certain fall, the energy dissipation area is communicated with the inlet of a fishway and enables the water flow direction to be vertical to each other, the fish collecting groove is provided with a plurality of fish inlets, and the positions, opposite to the fish inlets, on the inner side wall of the fish collecting groove are provided with acousto-optic combined type fish attracting devices. The system can improve the fish luring efficiency and the fish passing rate of the fishway.

Classifications

A01K79/00 Methods or means of catching fish in bulk not provided for in groups A01K69/00 - A01K77/00, e.g. fish pumps; Detection of fish; Whale fishery
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CN109258586B

China

Other languages
Chinese
Inventor
路信
罗铭
官夏菲
王森
丁锐
Current Assignee
Sichuan University

Worldwide applications
2018 CN

Application CN201811115065.5A events
2021-04-09
Application granted
Expired - Fee Related
Anticipated expiration

Description

Combined fish luring system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of hydraulic engineering fishways, and particularly relates to a fish luring system.
Background
After the dam is built by blocking the river, the continuity of the original river is blocked, the water ecological environment of the upstream and downstream of the dam is changed, and the migration of fishes is hindered. The fishway is a special facility for helping fishes smoothly pass through buildings such as gate dams, and the like, and the reasonable fish luring system is one of key technologies for ensuring that the fishes smoothly find the fishway entrance and improving the fish passing efficiency. The fish behavior control technology is related technology for controlling the motion direction and the activity range of fish according to the reaction rule of the fish to physical stimulation such as sound, illumination, an electric field, a flow field and the like. The effect of water flow on fish behavior is considered to be the most primitive and most effective. The water flow is mainly used for inducing and driving fishes by utilizing the induction of fish convection fields. The sound signal has fast propagation speed in water, wide propagation range and relatively small attenuation, and is one of effective fish luring measures. The key technology of the sound fish guiding is to firstly find out a proper sound, and then the sound is made to form sound waves with certain size and frequency in water in a special way to realize fish inducing and driving. The phototaxis of fish refers to the characteristic that fish produce directional motion under light stimulation, and generally there are two types, the directional behavior towards the light source is called positive phototaxis, and the behavior away from the light source is called negative phototaxis. The stimulation of fish by sound of different magnitude and frequency and by light intensity is different, and fish usually have a minimum response, i.e. the stimulation threshold. The maximum response is produced at the appropriate intensity as the stimulus intensity increases, at which point the stimulus intensity is the appropriate intensity. The underwater fish gathering lamp and the underwater loudspeaker are selected in consideration of the response change of the fish to the stimulation. At present, domestic fish luring measures only use water flow or acousto-optic fish luring and driving technologies, and although certain effects are achieved, the fish luring efficiency is still low, so that the combined type comprehensive fish luring technology with higher fish luring efficiency is urgently sought.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a combined fish luring system aiming at the defects of the prior art so as to improve the fish luring efficiency and the fish passing rate of a fishway.
The combined fish luring system is arranged at the downstream of a dam and comprises a high-water-level water flow fish luring area, an energy dissipation area, a fish collecting groove and a fish luring device which are sequentially arranged in a straight line along the water flow direction and are communicated, wherein the high-water-level water flow fish luring area is arranged at the downstream of a water level with a certain fall, the energy dissipation area is communicated with the inlet of a fishway and enables the water flow direction to be vertical to each other, the fish collecting groove is provided with a plurality of fish inlets, and the acousto-optic combined fish luring device is arranged on the inner side wall of the fish collecting groove and is opposite to each fish inlet.
Furthermore, the acousto-optic combined fish luring device comprises an LED underwater fish gathering lamp and an underwater loudspeaker which are connected through a circuit to form an acoustic signal fish luring device in the daytime according to an illumination signal and an optical signal fish luring device in the evening according to an illumination signal.
Furthermore, the LED underwater fish gathering lamp and the underwater loudspeaker are arranged on the same vertical line just opposite to the centers of the corresponding fish inlets, the underwater fish gathering lamp is arranged on the upper portion of the side wall of the fish gathering tank above the water surface, and the underwater loudspeaker is arranged below the water surface.
Furthermore, a trash rack for intercepting dirt is arranged between the high-water-level water flow fish luring area and the energy dissipation area.
Furthermore, a gate for maintenance is arranged between the energy dissipation area and the fish collecting groove.
Further, a gate for overhauling is arranged at a fish inlet of the fish collecting groove.
Furthermore, the high-water-level water flow fish luring area, the energy dissipation area and the fish gathering groove are sequentially connected to form a groove body structure consisting of a bottom plate and side walls.
Furthermore, the bottom plate of the energy dissipation area is provided with a stepped energy dissipation structure.
Furthermore, a water replenishing spray head which is used for supplying a water flow field to the water replenishing of the energy dissipation area and is communicated with an upstream water source is arranged on the side wall of the energy dissipation area.
The acousto-optic combined fish luring device comprises an LED underwater fish gathering lamp and an underwater loudspeaker, wherein the underwater fish luring device is formed by circuit connection according to an illumination signal and an acoustic signal in the daytime and an optical signal at night, the circuit connection is as shown in figure 2, in an acousto-optic circuit schematic diagram, C1 is a polypropylene voltage reduction capacitor, and R1 is a discharge resistor of the C1 capacitor; r2, R3 and R4 are current limiting resistors; d1, D2, D3 and D4 are diodes which form bridge rectification and are used for rectifying by utilizing the one-way conductivity of the diodes to convert alternating current into direct current; c2 is a filter capacitor for reducing AC ripple coefficient and improving high-efficiency smooth DC output; DW is voltage stabilizing diode; after the 220V alternating current is subjected to voltage reduction and rectification, a stable direct current voltage is formed at two ends of the DW; BL is an underwater loudspeaker, K is a relay, Q is a triode, LED is an underwater fish gathering lamp, RP is an adjustable resistor, and RG is a photoresistor; 220V alternating current is input at the X1 position, and 220V alternating current is output at the X2 position; light is stronger daytime, and after the power is switched on, the resistance at the two ends of the photoresistor RG is very small, so that the voltage is also small, the triode Q is cut off, the relay K does not work, and the underwater loudspeaker BL is in a working state. When light becomes dark, the voltage at the two ends of the RG continuously rises, when the voltage rises to a certain value, the triode Q is conducted, the relay K is attracted, the LED lamp controlled by electric shock is lightened, and the underwater loudspeaker BL is disconnected. When the light becomes bright again, the voltage at the two ends of the RG becomes small, the triode Q is cut off, and the relay K is cut off.
The sound frequency emitted by the underwater loudspeaker and the light emitted by the LED fish gathering lamp are preset according to the type of the fish to be induced, and when other types of fish are required to be induced, corresponding adjustment can be made.
According to the invention, the positions of the high water level fish luring area, the energy dissipation area and the fish gathering groove area can be correspondingly adjusted according to the actual engineering condition.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the combined fish luring system disclosed by the invention realizes automatic switching of acousto-optic fish luring through corresponding circuit arrangement, and manual operation is not required. Meanwhile, the fish is lured by water flow in an auxiliary manner, so that a large amount of manpower and material resources are saved. The three methods are combined to greatly improve the fish luring effect.
2. The LED fish gathering lamp selected by the fish luring system has the advantages of strong penetrating power in water, high luminous efficiency, energy conservation, environmental protection and good light color controllability, and can be instantly turned on, turned off and flashed, thereby attracting fish schools to a great extent and improving the fish luring effect.
3. The fish luring system adopts the reinforced concrete gate, saves steel, has less investment, long service life, is not corroded, is poured in place, does not have large transportation and installation, is easy to maintain and is convenient to manage.
4. The fish attracting system is provided with the trash rack, so that sundries such as aquatic weeds, floating trees and the like carried by water flow are effectively intercepted, and the good environment of the fish collecting system is ensured.
5. The fish attracting system is provided with the reinforced concrete gate, so that dredging of the fish collecting groove and maintenance of underwater equipment are facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the fish attracting system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a floor plan of the fish attracting system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the acousto-optic circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The combined fish luring system of the present invention is further described by the following embodiments. The following description is only exemplary of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes that can be made by the present invention as described in the specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related arts, are intended to be encompassed by the present invention.
Example 1
The combined type fish attracting system is arranged at the downstream of a dam and comprises a high-water-level water flow fish attracting area 1, an energy dissipation area 2, a fish collecting groove 3 and a fish attracting device which are arranged linearly and communicated in sequence along the water flow direction, wherein the high-water-level water flow fish attracting area, the energy dissipation area and the fish collecting groove are sequentially connected into a groove body structure formed by a bottom plate and side walls, and a stepped energy dissipation structure is arranged on the bottom plate of the energy dissipation area. The high-water-level water flow fish luring area is arranged at the water level downstream with a certain fall of the dam, the energy dissipation area is communicated with the fishway inlet 10 and enables the water flow directions to be vertical to each other, the fish gathering groove is provided with a plurality of fish inlets 4, and the positions, opposite to the fish inlets, on the inner side wall of the fish gathering groove are provided with acousto-optic combined fish luring devices.
The acousto-optic combined fish luring device comprises an LED underwater fish gathering lamp 5 and an underwater loudspeaker 6 which are connected through a circuit to form an acoustic signal fish luring device in the daytime according to an illumination signal and an optical signal fish luring device in the evening. The LED underwater fish gathering lamp and the underwater loudspeaker are arranged on the same vertical line just opposite to the centers of the corresponding fish inlets, the underwater fish gathering lamp is arranged on the upper portion of the side wall of the fish gathering tank above the water surface, and the underwater loudspeaker is arranged below the water surface. And a trash rack 7 for intercepting dirt is arranged between the high-water-level water flow fish-luring area and the energy dissipation area. And a gate 8 for maintenance is arranged between the energy dissipation area and the fish collecting groove. And a gate 8 for overhauling is arranged at the fish inlet of the fish collecting groove. And a water replenishing spray head 9 which is used for supplying a water flow field to the water replenishing of the energy dissipation area and is communicated with an upstream water source is arranged on the side wall of the energy dissipation area.
The acousto-optic combined fish luring device comprises an LED underwater fish gathering lamp and an underwater loudspeaker, and is formed by circuit connection, wherein fish is lured according to an acoustic signal in the daytime and an optical signal in the evening according to an illumination signal, and the circuit connection is as shown in figure 3.
In the sound and light circuit schematic diagram, C1 is a polypropylene voltage reduction capacitor, and R1 is a discharge resistor of the C1 capacitor; r2, R3 and R4 are current limiting resistors; d1, D2, D3 and D4 are diodes which form bridge rectification and are used for rectifying by utilizing the one-way conductivity of the diodes to convert alternating current into direct current; c2 is a filter capacitor for reducing AC ripple coefficient and improving high-efficiency smooth DC output; DW is voltage stabilizing diode; after the 220V alternating current is subjected to voltage reduction and rectification, a stable direct current voltage is formed at two ends of the DW; BL is an underwater loudspeaker, K is a relay, Q is a triode, LED is an underwater fish gathering lamp, RP is an adjustable resistor, and RG is a photoresistor; 220V alternating current is input at the X1 position, and 220V alternating current is output at the X2 position; light is stronger daytime, and after the power is switched on, the resistance at the two ends of the photoresistor RG is very small, so that the voltage is also small, the triode Q is cut off, the relay K does not work, and the underwater loudspeaker BL is in a working state. When light becomes dark, the voltage at the two ends of the RG continuously rises, when the voltage rises to a certain value, the triode Q is conducted, the relay K is attracted, the LED lamp controlled by electric shock is lightened, and the underwater loudspeaker BL is disconnected. When the light becomes bright again, the voltage at the two ends of the RG becomes small, the triode Q is cut off, and the relay K is cut off.
In the implementation, the LED underwater fish gathering lamp and the underwater loudspeaker are both existing commodities.

Claims (4)
Hide Dependent

1. A combined type fish luring system is characterized by being arranged at the downstream of a dam and comprising a high-water-level water flow fish luring area, an energy dissipation area, a fish collecting groove and a fish luring device which are sequentially arranged in a straight line along the water flow direction and are communicated, wherein the high-water-level water flow fish luring area, the energy dissipation area and the fish collecting groove are sequentially connected into a groove body structure consisting of a bottom plate and side walls; the high-water-level water flow fish luring area is arranged at a water level downstream with a certain fall, the energy dissipation area is communicated with the fishway inlet and enables the water flow directions to be mutually vertical, and a stepped energy dissipation structure is arranged on a bottom plate of the energy dissipation area; the fish collecting groove is provided with a plurality of fish inlets, and the positions, opposite to the fish inlets, on the inner side wall of the fish collecting groove are provided with acousto-optic combined fish luring devices; the acousto-optic combined fish luring device comprises an underwater fish gathering lamp, an underwater loudspeaker and a device which is formed by circuit connection and lures fish according to an illumination signal and an optical signal in the daytime and lures fish at night, and the acousto-optic combined fish luring device adopts the acousto-optic circuit principle as follows: c1 is a polypropylene voltage reduction capacitor, and R1 is a discharge resistor of the C1; r2, R3 and R4 are current limiting resistors; d1, D2, D3 and D4 are diodes which form bridge rectification and are used for rectifying by utilizing the one-way conductivity of the diodes to convert alternating current into direct current; c2 is a filter capacitor for reducing AC ripple coefficient and improving high-efficiency smooth DC output; DW is voltage stabilizing diode; after the 220V alternating current is subjected to voltage reduction and rectification, a stable direct current voltage is formed at two ends of the DW; BL is an underwater loudspeaker, K is a relay, Q is a triode, LED is an underwater fish gathering lamp, RP is an adjustable resistor, and RG is a photoresistor; 220V alternating current is input at the X1 position, and 220V alternating current is output at the X2 position; in the daytime, the light is strong, after the power supply is switched on, the resistance at the two ends of the photoresistor RG is very small, so that the voltage is also small, the triode Q is cut off, the relay K does not work, and the underwater loudspeaker BL is in a working state; when light becomes dark, the voltage at two ends of the photoresistor RG continuously rises, when the voltage rises to a certain value, the triode Q is conducted, the relay K is attracted, the LED underwater fish gathering lamp controlled by electric shock is lightened, and the underwater loudspeaker BL is disconnected; when the light becomes bright again, the voltage at the two ends of the photoresistor RG becomes small, the triode Q is cut off, and the relay K is cut off; the sound frequency emitted by the underwater loudspeaker BL and the light emitted by the LED underwater fish gathering lamp are preset according to the type of fish to be passed, and when other types of fish need to be induced, corresponding adjustment can be made;
the underwater fish gathering lamp and the underwater loudspeaker are arranged on the same vertical line opposite to the centers of the corresponding fish inlets, the underwater fish gathering lamp is arranged on the upper part of the side wall of the fish gathering tank above the water surface, and the underwater loudspeaker is arranged below the water surface; and a water replenishing spray head communicated with an upstream water source and used for providing a water flow field for replenishing water to the energy dissipation area is arranged on the side wall of the energy dissipation area.
2. The combined fish-luring system of claim 1, wherein a trash rack for intercepting dirt is arranged between the high-level water flow fish-luring area and the energy dissipation area.
3. The combined fish luring system of claim 1, wherein a gate for maintenance is provided between the energy dissipation area and the fish collection tank.
4. The combined fish luring system of claim 1, wherein the fish inlet of the fish collecting tank is provided with a gate for maintenance.