CN109247188B - Artificial cultivation method of cordyceps cicadae - Google Patents
Artificial cultivation method of cordyceps cicadae Download PDFInfo
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- CN109247188B CN109247188B CN201810996592.5A CN201810996592A CN109247188B CN 109247188 B CN109247188 B CN 109247188B CN 201810996592 A CN201810996592 A CN 201810996592A CN 109247188 B CN109247188 B CN 109247188B
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- 241001625026 Cordyceps cicadae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
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- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 9
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000589941 Azospirillum Species 0.000 claims description 8
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- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
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- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000396 dipotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019797 dipotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 3
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- 244000258395 Allamanda cathartica Species 0.000 claims 1
- 240000006108 Allium ampeloprasum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000005254 Allium ampeloprasum Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 240000008654 Allium ramosum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 241000219122 Cucurbita Species 0.000 description 10
- 241000357408 Ophiocordyceps sobolifera Species 0.000 description 10
- 244000003377 Allium tuberosum Species 0.000 description 9
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protection of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/30—Rearing or breeding invertebrates
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种金蝉花人工培育方法，其包括以下步骤：1)选择沙质土壤的橄榄树果园，在橄榄树底下间作绞股蓝，将金蝉卵枝在弱酸电解水中浸泡并在太阳底下晾晒，然后将金蝉孵化以进行养殖；2)在金蝉养殖期间，定期对绞股蓝进行除草防虫以及追肥；3)金蝉持续养殖至爬出地面，人工收集，获得所述金蝉；在培养箱中铺设干草后往培养箱中通入臭氧以进行除虫灭菌，将收获的金蝉置于培养箱中，继续通入臭氧以将金蝉杀死，通入臭氧结束后，向培养箱中喷洒扩培至对数期的蝉拟青霉菌液，控制培养箱中的氧气分压、温度以及湿度，持续培养，获得所述金蝉花。本发明方法具有金蝉卵孵化率高、能促使蝉拟青霉从有营养阶段向有性阶段转化等特点。The present invention provides an artificial cultivation method of Cicada flower, which comprises the following steps: 1) selecting an olive tree orchard with sandy soil, intercropping Gynostemma japonica under the olive tree, soaking Cicada egg branches in weak acid electrolyzed water and drying under the sun , then hatch the golden cicada to carry out breeding; 2) during the golden cicada breeding period, regularly carry out weeding and pest control and top dressing to Gynostemma pentaphyllum; 3) the golden cicada continues to be cultivated to climb out of the ground, collect manually, and obtain the golden cicada; in the incubator After the hay is laid in the middle, ozone is introduced into the incubator for deworming and sterilization, the harvested golden cicadas are placed in the incubator, and the ozone is continued to kill the golden cicadas. The Paecilomyces cicadae solution expanded to logarithmic stage is sprayed, and the oxygen partial pressure, temperature and humidity in the incubator are controlled, and the cultivation is continued to obtain the cicada flower. The method of the invention has the characteristics of high hatching rate of golden cicada eggs, and can promote the transformation of Paecilomyces cicadae from a vegetative stage to a sexual stage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of biotechnology. More specifically, the invention relates to an artificial cultivation method of cordyceps cicadae.
Background
The cordyceps sobolifera is a wonderful organism with the shape characteristic of animal and plant, the root is the larva body of the cicada, the flowers grow from the head of a single or 2-3 cicada larvae, the length of the flowers is more than one inch, the flowers bloom from the top branches, and the pollen is creamy yellow, is called as cordyceps sobolifera spore powder and has the function of propagation. The formation process is that the larva of the cicada is infected and parasitized by cordyceps before the cicada eclosion, when the climate environment is proper, the nutrition of the larva is absorbed and converted into mycelium, and finally the larva is completely occupied by the mycelium and only one shell is left. In the recovery seasons of everything, mycelium is gradually transformed into cordyceps sobolifera spore powder with a reproductive function from a vegetative stage, and gradually branches from the top to germinate like flowers, so that the cordyceps sobolifera is called as cordyceps sobolifera. However, the cordyceps sobolifera artificially cultured at present are all in a nutritional stage and cannot enter a sexual stage, so that the artificially cultured cordyceps sobolifera cannot be accepted by the market, and the development of the cordyceps sobolifera industry is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide an artificial culture method of isaria cicadae, which can simulate the growth environment of paecilomyces cicadae to obtain paecilomyces cicadae entering a sexual propagation stage.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided an artificial breeding method of isaria cicadae, comprising the steps of:
1) selecting an olive tree orchard with sandy soil, wherein the age of the olive tree is 5-15 years, making gynostemma pentaphylla under the olive tree, ditching at a position 20-30 cm away from the root of the gynostemma pentaphylla, wherein the depth of the ditch is 30-40 cm, applying an organic fertilizer into the ditch, covering the organic fertilizer in the ditch with soil, keeping the depth of the ditch to be 10-20 cm, soaking cicada ovum branches in weak acid electrolytic water with the pH of 6.5-6.8 for 5-10 s, bundling into a bundle, drying the bundle under the sun for 1-2 days, placing the cicada ovum branches into the ditch, covering the branches with hay, spraying balsam pear juice once every 2-3 days until the cicada is completely hatched, covering the ditch with soil after the cicada is completely hatched to fill the ditch flat, and laying straw pulverizate and wormwood pulverizate on the ground surface of the orchard;
2) during the golden cicada cultivation period, weeding, insect prevention and topdressing are regularly carried out on the gynostemma pentaphylla, when weeding is carried out, the lower tender roots are slightly removed to avoid damage, fermented biogas manure is applied once every 15-20 days, and when the biogas manure is applied each time, an insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is added into the biogas manure, wherein the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is prepared by decocting scutellaria baicalensis, fresh mugwort grass, ginkgo leaves, airpotato yam, Chinese tallow tree, folium isatidis and chinaberry in water for 1-2 hours, cold cutting and filtering to obtain a filtrate, namely the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation;
3) continuously culturing the golden cicadas until the golden cicadas climb out of the ground, and manually collecting to obtain the golden cicadas; laying hay in an incubator, introducing ozone into the incubator to perform deinsectization and sterilization, placing the harvested cicadas in the incubator, continuously introducing ozone to kill the cicadas, spraying a Paecilomyces cicadae bacterial liquid which is expanded and cultured to a logarithmic phase in the incubator after the introduction of the ozone is finished, controlling the oxygen partial pressure, the temperature and the humidity in the incubator, and continuously culturing to obtain the cicada fungus.
Preferably, the pig manure is exposed to the sun until the moisture content is 60-70%, wild chrysanthemum, crabapple flower, Chinese chives, towel gourd peels, pepper leaves, cacumen biotae and a microbial agent are added and uniformly mixed, the mixture is fermented for 20-30 days, and a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a calcium fertilizer and a magnesium fertilizer are added and uniformly mixed to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Preferably, 10-20 parts by weight of wild chrysanthemum flower, 15-20 parts by weight of Chinese flowering crabapple flower, 15-30 parts by weight of Chinese chive, 5-10 parts by weight of towel gourd peel, 5-10 parts by weight of pepper leaf, 20-30 parts by weight of lateral bur leaf and 10-20 parts by weight of microbial agent are added into 1000 parts by weight of pig manure.
Preferably, the microbial agent comprises the following strains in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of trichoderma viride, 10-15 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 20-30 parts of bacillus subtilis, 5-10 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 6-8 parts of dendrobium candidum mycorrhizal fungi, 10-15 parts of azospirillum lipolyticum, 20-25 parts of photosynthetic bacteria and 10-15 parts of white rot fungi.
Preferably, 100 parts by weight of the balsam pear is ground into juice and filtered to obtain balsam pear ground filtrate, and 200-300 parts by weight of distilled water and 5-10 parts by weight of ethanol with the mass fraction of more than 85% are added into the balsam pear ground filtrate to obtain the balsam pear juice.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the crushed straw to the crushed wormwood is 10-15: 2 to 4.
Preferably, the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is prepared by decocting 20-30 parts by weight of scutellaria baicalensis, 10-20 parts by weight of fresh mugwort, 10-20 parts by weight of ginkgo leaves, 5-10 parts by weight of airpotato yam, 3-6 parts by weight of Chinese tallow tree, 4-8 parts by weight of folium isatidis and 1-3 parts by weight of chinaberry in water for 1-2 hours, cold cutting and filtering to obtain an extracted filtrate, namely the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation.
Preferably, the paecilomyces cicadae is subjected to amplification culture in a liquid medium until the logarithmic phase.
Preferably, 100-200 parts by weight of potatoes are cut into small pieces, 1000 parts by weight of distilled water is added, the small pieces are boiled for 30-40 min, the pieces are cold cut and filtered to obtain a potato cooking filtrate, and 20-30 parts by weight of fly maggot powder, 5-10 parts by weight of vitamin C, 2-5 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate and 3-5 parts by weight of potassium hydrogen phosphate are added into the potato cooking filtrate.
Preferably, the temperature in the incubator is 20-25 ℃, the humidity is 60-70%, the change of the oxygen partial pressure is alternately controlled, the oxygen partial pressure is 16-18% and lasts for 8-12 hours, and the oxygen partial pressure is 20-22% and lasts for 20-24 hours.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects: the olive tree likes yang, has the characteristics of developed main roots, fewer lateral roots, loose xylem, more latex in surface tissues and the like, and is suitable for feeding of adult golden cicada nymphs; the gynostemma pentaphylla likes yin, the stem of the gynostemma pentaphylla is thin, the root of the gynostemma pentaphylla is developed, the root of the gynostemma pentaphylla is shallow, the gynostemma pentaphylla is suitable for feeding larvae of golden cicadas, the gynostemma pentaphylla is intercropped in an olive tree orchard, when the larvae of the golden cicadas grow gradually to mature nymphs, the fed gynostemma pentaphylla is changed to feed olive trees, the nutrient pressure of the olive trees and the gynostemma pentaphylla is relieved, the olive trees and the gynostemma pentaphylla are guaranteed not to reduce yield, the adult nymphs move to thick branches and stems of the olive trees, and the adult gynostemma pentaphylla is helpful for collecting the mature nymphs of the golden cicadas; ditching the roots of the gynostemma pentaphylla, and applying an organic fertilizer to loosen soil samples of the roots of the gynostemma pentaphylla and make the roots of the gynostemma pentaphylla fat and tender, so that cicada larvae can conveniently take food; the cicada ovum branches are soaked in weak acid electrolytic water and then dried under the sun, so that the attached microorganisms of the ovum branches can be killed, and the hatching rate of the cicada ovum is improved by more than 40%; the bitter gourd juice is used for spraying the cicada ova branches in the hatching process, so that the survival rate of the cicada larvae can be improved by more than 20%; the ground is paved with the crushed straw and crushed wormwood, so that the effects of water retention, heat preservation and soil hardening prevention can be achieved, insect pests such as harmonia axyridis, spiders, little floweringju and the like can be driven after the ground is combined with the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine medicament, and the insect eggs are protected; the organic fertilizer disclosed by the invention can kill diseases in soil while fertilizing, and can continuously provide nutrients for the growth of the gynostemma pentaphylla and the olive trees, so that the high yield of the gynostemma pentaphylla and the olive trees is ensured, and meanwhile, sufficient nutrients are provided for the growth of golden cicadas to ensure the rapid growth of the golden cicadas; the cordyceps sobolifera can be promoted to grow from a nutrition stage to a sexual stage by controlling the temperature, the humidity and the oxygen partial pressure in the incubator, and the quality of the cordyceps sobolifera is improved.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention with reference to the description.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
Example 1
An artificial cultivation method of cordyceps cicadae is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting an olive tree orchard with sandy soil, wherein the age of the olive tree is 5 years, making gynostemma pentaphylla under the olive tree, ditching at a position 30cm away from the root of the gynostemma pentaphylla, wherein the depth of the ditch is 40cm, applying an organic fertilizer in the ditch, covering the organic fertilizer in the ditch with soil, keeping the depth of the ditch to be 20cm, soaking cicada ovum branches in weak acid electrolytic water with the pH of 6.8 for 5s, bundling the cicada ovum branches into a bundle, drying the cicada ovum branches in the sun for 1 day, placing the cicada ovum branches in the ditch, covering hay on the branches, spraying balsam pear juice on the branches once every 2 days until the cicada is hatched, covering soil in the ditch after the cicada is hatched to fill the ditch flat, and laying straw crushed substances and wormwood crushed substances on the ground surface of the orchard;
2) during the golden cicada cultivation period, weeding, insect prevention and topdressing are regularly carried out on the gynostemma pentaphylla, when weeding is carried out, the lower tender roots are slightly removed to avoid damage, fermented biogas manure is applied once every 20 days, and when the biogas manure is applied each time, an insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is added into the biogas manure, wherein the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is prepared by decocting scutellaria baicalensis, fresh mugwort grass, ginkgo leaves, airpotato yam, Chinese tallow tree, folium isatidis and chinaberry in water for 1 hour, cold cutting and filtering to obtain a filtrate, namely the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation;
3) continuously culturing the golden cicadas until the golden cicadas climb out of the ground, and manually collecting to obtain the golden cicadas; laying hay in an incubator, introducing ozone into the incubator to perform deinsectization and sterilization, placing the harvested cicadas in the incubator, continuously introducing ozone to kill the cicadas, spraying a Paecilomyces cicadae bacterial liquid which is expanded and cultured to a logarithmic phase in the incubator after the introduction of the ozone is finished, controlling the oxygen partial pressure, the temperature and the humidity in the incubator, and continuously culturing to obtain the cicada fungus.
Microorganisms in the incubator and the hay are killed by ozone, so that dominant bacteria are formed on the cicada carcasses quickly and rapidly by the paecilomyces cicadae to occupy ecological niches, and the yield of the cicada fungus is improved
Example 2
An artificial cultivation method of cordyceps cicadae is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting an olive tree orchard with sandy soil, wherein the age of the olive tree is 5 years, making gynostemma pentaphylla under the olive tree, ditching at a position 30cm away from the root of the gynostemma pentaphylla, wherein the depth of the ditch is 40cm, applying an organic fertilizer in the ditch, covering the organic fertilizer in the ditch with soil, keeping the depth of the ditch to be 20cm, soaking cicada ovum branches in weak acid electrolytic water with the pH of 6.8 for 5s, bundling the cicada ovum branches into a bundle, drying the cicada ovum branches in the sun for 1 day, placing the cicada ovum branches in the ditch, covering hay on the branches, spraying balsam pear juice on the branches once every 2 days until the cicada is hatched, covering soil in the ditch after the cicada is hatched to fill the ditch flat, and laying straw crushed substances and wormwood crushed substances on the ground surface of the orchard; wherein, pig manure is exposed to the sun until the water content is 60%, wild chrysanthemum flower, crabapple flower, Chinese chive, towel gourd peel, Chinese prickly ash leaf, Chinese arborvitae twig and microbial agent are added and mixed uniformly, the mixture is fermented for 20 days, and nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, calcium fertilizer and magnesium fertilizer are added and mixed uniformly to obtain the organic fertilizer
2) During the golden cicada cultivation period, weeding, insect prevention and topdressing are regularly carried out on the gynostemma pentaphylla, when weeding is carried out, the lower tender roots are slightly removed to avoid damage, fermented biogas manure is applied once every 20 days, and when the biogas manure is applied each time, an insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is added into the biogas manure, wherein the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is prepared by decocting scutellaria baicalensis, fresh mugwort grass, ginkgo leaves, airpotato yam, Chinese tallow tree, folium isatidis and chinaberry in water for 1 hour, cold cutting and filtering to obtain a filtrate, namely the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation;
3) continuously culturing the golden cicadas until the golden cicadas climb out of the ground, and manually collecting to obtain the golden cicadas; laying hay in an incubator, introducing ozone into the incubator to perform deinsectization and sterilization, placing the harvested cicadas in the incubator, continuously introducing ozone to kill the cicadas, spraying a Paecilomyces cicadae bacterial liquid which is expanded and cultured to a logarithmic phase in the incubator after the introduction of the ozone is finished, controlling the oxygen partial pressure, the temperature and the humidity in the incubator, and continuously culturing to obtain the cicada fungus.
The other operations of the cicada eggs which are not sprayed with the balsam pear juice are completely the same as the operation of the embodiment, the survival rate of the larvae which are not sprayed with the balsam pear juice is only 63.6 percent in 10 days, the survival rate of the larvae which are sprayed with the balsam pear juice is 93.5 percent, the survival rate of the larvae is improved by more than 47 percent,
example 3
An artificial cultivation method of cordyceps cicadae is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting an olive tree orchard with sandy soil, wherein the age of the olive tree is 5 years, making gynostemma pentaphylla under the olive tree, ditching at a position 30cm away from the root of the gynostemma pentaphylla, wherein the depth of the ditch is 40cm, applying an organic fertilizer in the ditch, covering the organic fertilizer in the ditch with soil, keeping the depth of the ditch to be 20cm, soaking cicada ovum branches in weak acid electrolytic water with the pH of 6.8 for 5s, bundling the cicada ovum branches into a bundle, drying the cicada ovum branches in the sun for 1 day, placing the cicada ovum branches in the ditch, covering hay on the branches, spraying balsam pear juice on the branches once every 2 days until the cicada is hatched, covering soil in the ditch after the cicada is hatched to fill the ditch flat, and laying straw crushed substances and wormwood crushed substances on the ground surface of the orchard; the method comprises the following steps of sun-drying pig manure under the sun until the moisture content is 60%, adding 10 kg of wild chrysanthemum flower, 15 kg of crabapple flower, 15 kg of Chinese chive, 5 kg of towel gourd peel, 5 kg of pepper leaf, 20 kg of cacumen biotae and 10 kg of microbial inoculum into 1000kg of pig manure, uniformly mixing, fermenting for 20 days, adding a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a calcium fertilizer and a magnesium fertilizer, and uniformly mixing to obtain the organic fertilizer. 2) During the golden cicada cultivation period, weeding, insect prevention and topdressing are regularly carried out on the gynostemma pentaphylla, when weeding is carried out, the lower tender roots are slightly removed to avoid damage, fermented biogas manure is applied once every 20 days, and when the biogas manure is applied each time, an insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is added into the biogas manure, wherein the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is prepared by decocting scutellaria baicalensis, fresh mugwort grass, ginkgo leaves, airpotato yam, Chinese tallow tree, folium isatidis and chinaberry in water for 1 hour, cold cutting and filtering to obtain a filtrate, namely the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation;
3) continuously culturing the golden cicadas until the golden cicadas climb out of the ground, and manually collecting to obtain the golden cicadas; laying hay in an incubator, introducing ozone into the incubator to perform deinsectization and sterilization, placing the harvested cicadas in the incubator, continuously introducing ozone to kill the cicadas, spraying a Paecilomyces cicadae bacterial liquid which is expanded and cultured to a logarithmic phase in the incubator after the introduction of the ozone is finished, controlling the oxygen partial pressure, the temperature and the humidity in the incubator, and continuously culturing to obtain the cicada fungus.
Example 4
An artificial cultivation method of cordyceps cicadae is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting an olive tree orchard with sandy soil, wherein the age of the olive tree is 5 years, making gynostemma pentaphylla under the olive tree, ditching at a position 30cm away from the root of the gynostemma pentaphylla, wherein the depth of the ditch is 40cm, applying an organic fertilizer in the ditch, covering the organic fertilizer in the ditch with soil, keeping the depth of the ditch to be 20cm, soaking cicada ovum branches in weak acid electrolytic water with the pH of 6.8 for 5s, bundling the cicada ovum branches into a bundle, drying the cicada ovum branches in the sun for 1 day, placing the cicada ovum branches in the ditch, covering hay on the branches, spraying balsam pear juice on the branches once every 2 days until the cicada is hatched, covering soil in the ditch after the cicada is hatched to fill the ditch flat, and laying straw crushed substances and wormwood crushed substances on the ground surface of the orchard; the method comprises the following steps of (1) exposing pig manure to the sun until the moisture content is 60%, adding 10 kg of wild chrysanthemum flower, 15 kg of crabapple flower, 15 kg of Chinese chive, 5 kg of towel gourd peel, 5 kg of pepper leaf, 20 kg of cacumen biotae and 10 kg of microbial inoculum in 1000kg of pig manure, uniformly mixing, fermenting for 20 days, adding a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a calcium fertilizer and a magnesium fertilizer, uniformly mixing, and obtaining the organic fertilizer, wherein the microbial inoculum consists of the following strain microorganisms: 15 kilograms of trichoderma viride, 10 kilograms of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 20 kilograms of bacillus subtilis, 5 kilograms of bacillus thuringiensis, 6 kilograms of dendrobium candidum mycorrhizal fungi, 10 kilograms of fat-producing azospirillum, 20 kilograms of photosynthetic bacteria and 10 kilograms of white-rot fungi.
2) During the golden cicada cultivation period, weeding, insect prevention and topdressing are regularly carried out on the gynostemma pentaphylla, when weeding is carried out, the lower tender roots are slightly removed to avoid damage, fermented biogas manure is applied once every 20 days, and when the biogas manure is applied each time, an insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is added into the biogas manure, wherein the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is prepared by decocting scutellaria baicalensis, fresh mugwort grass, ginkgo leaves, airpotato yam, Chinese tallow tree, folium isatidis and chinaberry in water for 1 hour, cold cutting and filtering to obtain a filtrate, namely the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation;
3) continuously culturing the golden cicadas until the golden cicadas climb out of the ground, and manually collecting to obtain the golden cicadas; laying hay in an incubator, introducing ozone into the incubator to perform deinsectization and sterilization, placing the harvested cicadas in the incubator, continuously introducing ozone to kill the cicadas, spraying a Paecilomyces cicadae bacterial liquid which is expanded and cultured to a logarithmic phase in the incubator after the introduction of the ozone is finished, controlling the oxygen partial pressure, the temperature and the humidity in the incubator, and continuously culturing to obtain the cicada fungus.
Compared with EM microbial inoculum, the microbial inoculum of the invention can kill plant diseases and insect pests in soil, reduce the plant diseases and insect pests of cicada larvae in the soil and improve the survival rate by more than 10 percent.
Example 5
An artificial cultivation method of cordyceps cicadae is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting an olive tree orchard with sandy soil, wherein the age of the olive tree is 5 years, making gynostemma pentaphylla under the olive tree, ditching at a position 30cm away from the root of the gynostemma pentaphylla, wherein the depth of the ditch is 40cm, applying an organic fertilizer in the ditch, covering the organic fertilizer in the ditch with soil, keeping the depth of the ditch to be 20cm, soaking cicada ovum branches in weak acid electrolytic water with the pH of 6.8 for 5s, bundling the cicada ovum branches into a bundle, drying the cicada ovum branches in the sun for 1 day, placing the cicada ovum branches in the ditch, covering hay on the branches, spraying balsam pear juice on the branches once every 2 days until the cicada is hatched, covering soil in the ditch after the cicada is hatched to fill the ditch flat, and laying straw crushed substances and wormwood crushed substances on the ground surface of the orchard; the method comprises the following steps of (1) exposing pig manure to the sun until the moisture content is 60%, adding 10 kg of wild chrysanthemum flower, 15 kg of crabapple flower, 15 kg of Chinese chive, 5 kg of towel gourd peel, 5 kg of pepper leaf, 20 kg of cacumen biotae and 10 kg of microbial inoculum in 1000kg of pig manure, uniformly mixing, fermenting for 20 days, adding a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a calcium fertilizer and a magnesium fertilizer, uniformly mixing, and obtaining the organic fertilizer, wherein the microbial inoculum consists of the following strain microorganisms: 15 kg of trichoderma viride, 10 kg of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 20 kg of bacillus subtilis, 5 kg of bacillus thuringiensis, 6 kg of dendrobium candidum mycorrhizal fungi, 10 kg of fat-producing azospirillum, 20 kg of photosynthetic bacteria and 10 kg of white-rot fungi; the preparation method of the balsam pear juice comprises the steps of grinding 100 jin of balsam pear into juice, filtering to obtain balsam pear grinding filtrate, and adding 200 jin of distilled water and more than 85% of ethanol with the mass fraction of 10 jin into the balsam pear grinding filtrate to obtain the balsam pear juice.
2) During the golden cicada cultivation period, weeding, insect prevention and topdressing are regularly carried out on the gynostemma pentaphylla, when weeding is carried out, the lower tender roots are slightly removed to avoid damage, fermented biogas manure is applied once every 20 days, and when the biogas manure is applied each time, an insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is added into the biogas manure, wherein the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is prepared by decocting scutellaria baicalensis, fresh mugwort grass, ginkgo leaves, airpotato yam, Chinese tallow tree, folium isatidis and chinaberry in water for 1 hour, cold cutting and filtering to obtain a filtrate, namely the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation;
3) continuously culturing the golden cicadas until the golden cicadas climb out of the ground, and manually collecting to obtain the golden cicadas; laying hay in an incubator, introducing ozone into the incubator to perform deinsectization and sterilization, placing the harvested cicadas in the incubator, continuously introducing ozone to kill the cicadas, spraying a Paecilomyces cicadae bacterial liquid which is expanded and cultured to a logarithmic phase in the incubator after the introduction of the ozone is finished, controlling the oxygen partial pressure, the temperature and the humidity in the incubator, and continuously culturing to obtain the cicada fungus.
The bitter gourd juice is sprayed in the hatching process of the cicada eggs, so that not only can nutrient substances be provided for the cicada larvae, but also the harm of ants and the small bees can be avoided, the hatching rate of the cicada eggs is improved, compared with the situation that the bitter gourd juice is not added, the hatching success rate of the cicada eggs is improved by more than 20%, and the average individual weight of the cicada eggs is improved by more than 8%.
Example 6
An artificial cultivation method of cordyceps cicadae is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting an olive tree orchard with sandy soil, wherein the age of the olive tree is 5 years, making gynostemma pentaphylla under the olive tree, ditching at a position 30cm away from the root of the gynostemma pentaphylla, wherein the depth of the ditch is 40cm, applying an organic fertilizer in the ditch, covering the organic fertilizer in the ditch with soil, keeping the depth of the ditch to be 20cm, soaking cicada ovum branches in weak acid electrolytic water with the pH of 6.8 for 5s, bundling the cicada ovum branches into a bundle, drying the cicada ovum branches in the sun for 1 day, placing the cicada ovum branches in the ditch, covering hay on the branches, spraying balsam pear juice on the branches once every 2 days until the cicada is incubated, covering soil in the ditch after the cicada is incubated to fill the ditch, laying crushed straw and crushed wormwood on the ground surface of the orchard, and the mass ratio is 15: 1; the method comprises the following steps of (1) exposing pig manure to the sun until the moisture content is 60%, adding 10 kg of wild chrysanthemum flower, 15 kg of crabapple flower, 15 kg of Chinese chive, 5 kg of towel gourd peel, 5 kg of pepper leaf, 20 kg of cacumen biotae and 10 kg of microbial inoculum in 1000kg of pig manure, uniformly mixing, fermenting for 20 days, adding a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a calcium fertilizer and a magnesium fertilizer, uniformly mixing, and obtaining the organic fertilizer, wherein the microbial inoculum consists of the following strain microorganisms: 15 kg of trichoderma viride, 10 kg of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 20 kg of bacillus subtilis, 5 kg of bacillus thuringiensis, 6 kg of dendrobium candidum mycorrhizal fungi, 10 kg of fat-producing azospirillum, 20 kg of photosynthetic bacteria and 10 kg of white-rot fungi; the preparation method of the balsam pear juice comprises the steps of grinding 100 jin of balsam pear into juice, filtering to obtain balsam pear grinding filtrate, and adding 200 jin of distilled water and more than 85% of ethanol with the mass fraction of 10 jin into the balsam pear grinding filtrate to obtain the balsam pear juice.
2) During the golden cicada cultivation period, weeding, insect prevention and topdressing are regularly carried out on the gynostemma pentaphylla, when weeding is carried out, the lower tender roots are slightly removed to avoid damage, fermented biogas manure is applied once every 20 days, and when the biogas manure is applied each time, an insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is added into the biogas manure, wherein the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is prepared by decocting scutellaria baicalensis, fresh mugwort grass, ginkgo leaves, airpotato yam, Chinese tallow tree, folium isatidis and chinaberry in water for 1 hour, cold cutting and filtering to obtain a filtrate, namely the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation;
3) continuously culturing the golden cicadas until the golden cicadas climb out of the ground, and manually collecting to obtain the golden cicadas; laying hay in an incubator, introducing ozone into the incubator to perform deinsectization and sterilization, placing the harvested cicadas in the incubator, continuously introducing ozone to kill the cicadas, spraying a Paecilomyces cicadae bacterial liquid which is expanded and cultured to a logarithmic phase in the incubator after the introduction of the ozone is finished, controlling the oxygen partial pressure, the temperature and the humidity in the incubator, and continuously culturing to obtain the cicada fungus.
Example 7
An artificial cultivation method of cordyceps cicadae is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting an olive tree orchard with sandy soil, wherein the age of the olive tree is 5 years, making gynostemma pentaphylla under the olive tree, ditching at a position 30cm away from the root of the gynostemma pentaphylla, wherein the depth of the ditch is 40cm, applying an organic fertilizer in the ditch, covering the organic fertilizer in the ditch with soil, keeping the depth of the ditch to be 20cm, soaking cicada ovum branches in weak acid electrolytic water with the pH of 6.8 for 5s, bundling the cicada ovum branches into a bundle, drying the cicada ovum branches in the sun for 1 day, placing the cicada ovum branches in the ditch, covering hay on the branches, spraying balsam pear juice on the branches once every 2 days until the cicada is incubated, covering soil in the ditch after the cicada is incubated to fill the ditch, laying crushed straw and crushed wormwood on the ground surface of the orchard, and the mass ratio is 15: 1; the method comprises the following steps of (1) exposing pig manure to the sun until the moisture content is 60%, adding 10 kg of wild chrysanthemum flower, 15 kg of crabapple flower, 15 kg of Chinese chive, 5 kg of towel gourd peel, 5 kg of pepper leaf, 20 kg of cacumen biotae and 10 kg of microbial inoculum in 1000kg of pig manure, uniformly mixing, fermenting for 20 days, adding a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a calcium fertilizer and a magnesium fertilizer, uniformly mixing, and obtaining the organic fertilizer, wherein the microbial inoculum consists of the following strain microorganisms: 15 kg of trichoderma viride, 10 kg of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 20 kg of bacillus subtilis, 5 kg of bacillus thuringiensis, 6 kg of dendrobium candidum mycorrhizal fungi, 10 kg of fat-producing azospirillum, 20 kg of photosynthetic bacteria and 10 kg of white-rot fungi; the preparation method of the balsam pear juice comprises the steps of grinding 100 jin of balsam pear into juice, filtering to obtain balsam pear grinding filtrate, and adding 200 jin of distilled water and more than 85% of ethanol with the mass fraction of 10 jin into the balsam pear grinding filtrate to obtain the balsam pear juice.
2) During the golden cicada cultivation period, weeding, insect prevention and topdressing are regularly carried out on the gynostemma pentaphylla, when weeding is carried out, the gynostemma pentaphylla is slightly removed to avoid damaging the lower tender roots, fermented biogas manure is applied once every 20 days, and when the biogas manure is applied each time, an insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is added into the biogas manure, wherein the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is prepared by adding water into 20g of scutellaria baicalensis, 10g of artemisia argyi fresh grass, 10g of ginkgo leaves, 5g of airpotato yam rhizome, 3g of Chinese tallow tree, 4g of folium isatidis and 1g of chinaberry for 1L of decoction for 1 hour, cold cutting and filtering to obtain an extracted filtrate, namely the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation;
3) continuously culturing the golden cicadas until the golden cicadas climb out of the ground, and manually collecting to obtain the golden cicadas; laying hay in an incubator, introducing ozone into the incubator to perform deinsectization and sterilization, placing the harvested cicadas in the incubator, continuously introducing ozone to kill the cicadas, spraying a Paecilomyces cicadae bacterial liquid which is expanded and cultured to a logarithmic phase in the incubator after the introduction of the ozone is finished, controlling the oxygen partial pressure, the temperature and the humidity in the incubator, and continuously culturing to obtain the cicada fungus.
Example 8
An artificial cultivation method of cordyceps cicadae is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting an olive tree orchard with sandy soil, wherein the age of the olive tree is 5 years, making gynostemma pentaphylla under the olive tree, ditching at a position 30cm away from the root of the gynostemma pentaphylla, wherein the depth of the ditch is 40cm, applying an organic fertilizer in the ditch, covering the organic fertilizer in the ditch with soil, keeping the depth of the ditch to be 20cm, soaking cicada ovum branches in weak acid electrolytic water with the pH of 6.8 for 5s, bundling the cicada ovum branches into a bundle, drying the cicada ovum branches in the sun for 1 day, placing the cicada ovum branches in the ditch, covering hay on the branches, spraying balsam pear juice on the branches once every 2 days until the cicada is incubated, covering soil in the ditch after the cicada is incubated to fill the ditch, laying crushed straw and crushed wormwood on the ground surface of the orchard, and the mass ratio is 15: 1; the method comprises the following steps of (1) exposing pig manure to the sun until the moisture content is 60%, adding 10 kg of wild chrysanthemum flower, 15 kg of crabapple flower, 15 kg of Chinese chive, 5 kg of towel gourd peel, 5 kg of pepper leaf, 20 kg of cacumen biotae and 10 kg of microbial inoculum in 1000kg of pig manure, uniformly mixing, fermenting for 20 days, adding a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a calcium fertilizer and a magnesium fertilizer, uniformly mixing, and obtaining the organic fertilizer, wherein the microbial inoculum consists of the following strain microorganisms: 15 kg of trichoderma viride, 10 kg of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 20 kg of bacillus subtilis, 5 kg of bacillus thuringiensis, 6 kg of dendrobium candidum mycorrhizal fungi, 10 kg of fat-producing azospirillum, 20 kg of photosynthetic bacteria and 10 kg of white-rot fungi; the preparation method of the balsam pear juice comprises the steps of grinding 100 jin of balsam pear into juice, filtering to obtain balsam pear grinding filtrate, and adding 200 jin of distilled water and more than 85% of ethanol with the mass fraction of 10 jin into the balsam pear grinding filtrate to obtain the balsam pear juice.
2) During the golden cicada cultivation period, weeding, insect prevention and topdressing are regularly carried out on the gynostemma pentaphylla, when weeding is carried out, the gynostemma pentaphylla is slightly removed to avoid damaging the lower tender roots, fermented biogas manure is applied once every 20 days, and when the biogas manure is applied each time, an insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is added into the biogas manure, wherein the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is prepared by adding water into 20g of scutellaria baicalensis, 10g of artemisia argyi fresh grass, 10g of ginkgo leaves, 5g of airpotato yam rhizome, 3g of Chinese tallow tree, 4g of folium isatidis and 1g of chinaberry for 1L of decoction for 1 hour, cold cutting and filtering to obtain an extracted filtrate, namely the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation;
3) continuously culturing the golden cicadas until the golden cicadas climb out of the ground, and manually collecting to obtain the golden cicadas; laying hay in an incubator, introducing ozone into the incubator to carry out deinsectization and sterilization, placing the harvested cicadas in the incubator, continuously introducing ozone to kill the cicadas, spraying a Paecilomyces cicadae bacterial liquid which is expanded and cultured to a logarithmic phase in the incubator after the introduction of the ozone is finished, controlling the oxygen partial pressure, the temperature and the humidity in the incubator, and continuously culturing to obtain the cicada fungus; the culture medium for liquid propagation of Paecilomyces cicadae is prepared by cutting 100g of potato into small pieces, adding 1000g of distilled water, boiling for 40min, cold cutting, filtering to obtain potato cooking filtrate, and adding 20g of fly maggot powder, 5g of vitamin C, 2g of magnesium sulfate and 3g of potassium hydrogen phosphate into the potato cooking filtrate.
The liquid culture medium prepared by the method has sufficient nutrition, the paecilomyces cicadae has strong activity and adaptability, and can be quickly attached to cicadas to grow and reproduce.
Example 9
An artificial cultivation method of cordyceps cicadae is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting an olive tree orchard with sandy soil, wherein the age of the olive tree is 5 years, making gynostemma pentaphylla under the olive tree, ditching at a position 30cm away from the root of the gynostemma pentaphylla, wherein the depth of the ditch is 40cm, applying an organic fertilizer in the ditch, covering the organic fertilizer in the ditch with soil, keeping the depth of the ditch to be 20cm, soaking cicada ovum branches in weak acid electrolytic water with the pH of 6.8 for 5s, bundling the cicada ovum branches into a bundle, drying the cicada ovum branches in the sun for 1 day, placing the cicada ovum branches in the ditch, covering hay on the branches, spraying balsam pear juice on the branches once every 2 days until the cicada is incubated, covering soil in the ditch after the cicada is incubated to fill the ditch, laying crushed straw and crushed wormwood on the ground surface of the orchard, and the mass ratio is 15: 1; the method comprises the following steps of (1) exposing pig manure to the sun until the moisture content is 60%, adding 10 kg of wild chrysanthemum flower, 15 kg of crabapple flower, 15 kg of Chinese chive, 5 kg of towel gourd peel, 5 kg of pepper leaf, 20 kg of cacumen biotae and 10 kg of microbial inoculum in 1000kg of pig manure, uniformly mixing, fermenting for 20 days, adding a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a calcium fertilizer and a magnesium fertilizer, uniformly mixing, and obtaining the organic fertilizer, wherein the microbial inoculum consists of the following strain microorganisms: 15 kg of trichoderma viride, 10 kg of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 20 kg of bacillus subtilis, 5 kg of bacillus thuringiensis, 6 kg of dendrobium candidum mycorrhizal fungi, 10 kg of fat-producing azospirillum, 20 kg of photosynthetic bacteria and 10 kg of white-rot fungi; the preparation method of the balsam pear juice comprises the steps of grinding 100 jin of balsam pear into juice, filtering to obtain balsam pear grinding filtrate, and adding 200 jin of distilled water and more than 85% of ethanol with the mass fraction of 10 jin into the balsam pear grinding filtrate to obtain the balsam pear juice.
2) During the golden cicada cultivation period, weeding, insect prevention and topdressing are regularly carried out on the gynostemma pentaphylla, when weeding is carried out, the gynostemma pentaphylla is slightly removed to avoid damaging the lower tender roots, fermented biogas manure is applied once every 20 days, and when the biogas manure is applied each time, an insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is added into the biogas manure, wherein the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is prepared by adding water into 20g of scutellaria baicalensis, 10g of artemisia argyi fresh grass, 10g of ginkgo leaves, 5g of airpotato yam rhizome, 3g of Chinese tallow tree, 4g of folium isatidis and 1g of chinaberry for 1L of decoction for 1 hour, cold cutting and filtering to obtain an extracted filtrate, namely the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation;
3) continuously culturing the golden cicadas until the golden cicadas climb out of the ground, and manually collecting to obtain the golden cicadas; laying hay in an incubator, introducing ozone into the incubator to carry out deinsectization and sterilization, placing the harvested cicadas in the incubator, continuously introducing ozone to kill the cicadas, spraying a Paecilomyces cicadae bacterial solution which is expanded and cultured to a logarithmic phase in the incubator after the introduction of the ozone is finished, controlling the temperature of the incubator to be 25 ℃ and the humidity to be 70%, alternately controlling the change of oxygen partial pressure, keeping the oxygen partial pressure for 8 hours and 20% for 24 hours, and continuously culturing to obtain the cicada fungus; a preparation method of a culture medium for liquid propagation of paecilomyces cicadae comprises the steps of cutting 100g of potatoes into small pieces, adding 1000g of distilled water, boiling for 30min, cold cutting, filtering to obtain a potato cooking filtrate, and adding 20g of fly maggot powder, 5g of vitamin C, 2g of magnesium sulfate and 3g of potassium hydrogen phosphate into the potato cooking filtrate to obtain a liquid culture medium.
The conversion of the paecilomyces cicadae from the nutrition stage to the sexual stage is promoted by controlling the change of the oxygen partial pressure, and the conversion rate is improved by more than 95 percent compared with the change without controlling the temperature, the humidity and the oxygen partial pressure. A contrast test shows that if the proper temperature and humidity are provided even if the changed oxygen partial pressure is not provided, the conversion rate of the paecilomyces cicadae from the nutrition stage to the sexual stage under the condition of artificial culture is less than 3 percent, and the popularization and the application of the cordyceps cicadae industry are seriously restricted.
Example 10
Comparative example 1
Group 1: the cicada ovum branches were not soaked in weak acid electrolyzed water and were not aired under the sun, the other operation methods were completely the same as example 1, and the hatching rates of the cicada ovum were counted, and the results are shown in table 1.
Group 2: the cicada ovum branches were not soaked in weak acid electrolyzed water, the other operation method was exactly the same as example 1, and the hatching rate of the cicada ovum was counted, and the results are shown in table 1.
Group 3: the cicada ovum branches were not aired under the sun, the other operation was completely the same as example 1, and the hatching rate of the cicada ovum was counted, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 hatching rate of golden cicada eggs
| Hatching rate (%) | |
| Group 1 | 63.4 |
| Group 2 | 68.4 |
| Group 3 | 55.7 |
| Example 1 | 98.6 |
As can be seen from the results in table 1, the hatchability of cicada eggs is improved by more than 55% in example 1 compared with group 1, which shows that the hatchability of cicada eggs can be significantly improved by soaking in weak acid electrolyzed water and soaking in the sun; compared with the group 1, the group 2 only improves the hatching rate of the cicada eggs by more than 7 percent, which shows that although simple airing under the sun can improve the hatching rate of the cicada eggs, the improvement effect is not very obvious; compared with the group 1, the group 3 has the hatching rate of the cicada eggs reduced by more than 12%, which shows that if the cicada eggs are soaked by weak acid electrolyzed water directly and are not aired in the sun, the hatching rate of the cicada eggs cannot be improved, and the cicada eggs are damaged to reduce the hatching rate of the cicada eggs. Therefore, the hatching rate of the cicada eggs can be remarkably improved by using weak acid electrolyzed water and airing under the sun.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not intended to be limited to the uses set forth in the specification and examples. It can be applied to all kinds of fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the specific details and embodiments shown and described herein, without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. An artificial cultivation method of cordyceps cicadae is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting an olive tree orchard with sandy soil, wherein the age of the olive tree is 5-15 years, making gynostemma pentaphylla under the olive tree, ditching at a position 20-30 cm away from the root of the gynostemma pentaphylla, wherein the depth of the ditch is 30-40 cm, applying an organic fertilizer into the ditch, covering the organic fertilizer in the ditch with soil, keeping the depth of the ditch to be 10-20 cm, soaking cicada ovum branches in weak acid electrolytic water with the pH of 6.5-6.8 for 5-10 s, bundling into a bundle, drying the bundle under the sun for 1-2 days, placing the cicada ovum branches into the ditch, covering the branches with hay, spraying balsam pear juice once every 2-3 days until the cicada is completely hatched, covering the ditch with soil after the cicada is completely hatched to fill the ditch flat, and laying straw pulverizate and wormwood pulverizate on the ground surface of the orchard;
exposing pig manure under the sun until the water content is 60-70%, adding wild chrysanthemum, crabapple flowers, Chinese chives, towel gourd peels, pepper leaves, cacumen biotae and a microbial agent, uniformly mixing, fermenting for 20-30 days, adding a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a calcium fertilizer and a magnesium fertilizer, and uniformly mixing to obtain the organic fertilizer;
the microbial agent comprises the following strains in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of trichoderma viride, 10-15 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 20-30 parts of bacillus subtilis, 5-10 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 6-8 parts of dendrobium candidum mycorrhizal fungi, 10-15 parts of azospirillum lipolyticum, 20-25 parts of photosynthetic bacteria and 10-15 parts of white rot fungi;
2) during the golden cicada cultivation period, weeding, insect prevention and topdressing are regularly carried out on the gynostemma pentaphylla, when weeding is carried out, the lower tender roots are slightly removed to avoid damage, fermented biogas manure is applied once every 15-20 days, and when the biogas manure is applied each time, an insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is added into the biogas manure, and the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is prepared by decocting scutellaria baicalensis, fresh mugwort grass, ginkgo leaves, airpotato yam, Chinese tallow tree, folium isatidis and chinaberry in water for 1-2 hours, cooling and filtering to obtain a filtrate, namely the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation;
wherein the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation is prepared by decocting 20-30 parts by weight of scutellaria baicalensis, 10-20 parts by weight of fresh mugwort, 10-20 parts by weight of ginkgo leaves, 5-10 parts by weight of airpotato yam, 3-6 parts by weight of Chinese tallow tree, 4-8 parts by weight of folium isatidis and 1-3 parts by weight of chinaberry in water for 1-2 hours, cooling and filtering to obtain an extracted filtrate, namely the insecticidal traditional Chinese medicine preparation;
3) continuously culturing the golden cicadas until the golden cicadas climb out of the ground, and manually collecting to obtain the golden cicadas; laying hay in an incubator, introducing ozone into the incubator to carry out deinsectization and sterilization, placing the harvested cicadas in the incubator, continuously introducing ozone to kill the cicadas, spraying a Paecilomyces cicadae bacterial liquid which is expanded and cultured to a logarithmic phase in the incubator after the introduction of the ozone is finished, controlling the oxygen partial pressure, the temperature and the humidity in the incubator, and continuously culturing to obtain the cicada fungus;
the temperature in the incubator is 20-25 ℃, the humidity is 60-70%, the change of the oxygen partial pressure is alternately controlled, the oxygen partial pressure is 16-18% and lasts for 8-12 hours, and the oxygen partial pressure is 20-22% and lasts for 20-24 hours.
2. The artificial cultivation method of cicada fungus according to claim 1, wherein 10-20 parts by weight of wild chrysanthemum flower, 15-20 parts by weight of crabapple flower, 15-30 parts by weight of leek, 5-10 parts by weight of towel gourd peel, 5-10 parts by weight of pepper leaf, 20-30 parts by weight of bur leaf and 10-20 parts by weight of microbial agent are added to 1000 parts by weight of pig manure.
3. The artificial cultivation method of allamanda cathartica according to claim 1, wherein 100 parts by weight of momordica charantia is ground into juice and filtered to obtain a momordica charantia grinding filtrate, and 200-300 parts by weight of distilled water and 5-10 parts by weight of ethanol with a mass fraction of 85% or more are added to the momordica charantia grinding filtrate to obtain the momordica charantia juice.
4. The artificial cultivation method of isaria cicadae miq as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the crushed straw to the crushed wormwood is 10-15: 2 to 4.
5. The artificial cultivation method of cicada fungus according to claim 1, wherein the paecilomyces cicadae is cultured by liquid medium amplification to logarithmic phase.
6. The artificial cultivation method of cicada fungus according to claim 5, wherein the liquid culture medium is: cutting 100-200 parts by weight of potatoes into small pieces, adding 1000 parts by weight of distilled water, boiling for 30-40 min, cooling, filtering to obtain a potato cooking filtrate, and adding 20-30 parts by weight of fly maggot powder, 5-10 parts by weight of vitamin C, 2-5 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate and 3-5 parts by weight of potassium hydrogen phosphate into the potato cooking filtrate.
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