CN109245176B - Risk-considering interconnected power grid unit combination method containing large-scale wind power - Google Patents
Risk-considering interconnected power grid unit combination method containing large-scale wind power Download PDFInfo
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- CN109245176B CN109245176B CN201811410806.2A CN201811410806A CN109245176B CN 109245176 B CN109245176 B CN 109245176B CN 201811410806 A CN201811410806 A CN 201811410806A CN 109245176 B CN109245176 B CN 109245176B
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- 238000012887 quadratic function Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- H02J3/386—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/003—Load forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future load demand
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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Abstract
The invention relates to an interconnected power grid unit combination model containing large-scale wind power, in particular to a multi-region interconnected power grid unit combination model considering various risk factors such as wind power, load uncertainty, system equipment faults and the like. Based on wind power and load uncertainty, a typical equipment fault scene set is selected, load loss expectation and air loss caused by typical scenes are introduced into an objective function in a punishment mode, the influence of various risks on a power grid is quantified, and a unit combination model considering system operation risks is established. The method takes operation uncertainty such as wind power output and equipment fault into consideration, and carries out risk assessment to the consequences caused by system uncertainty to establish the interconnected power grid unit combination model. The scheme determined by the invention can solve the day-ahead unit combination plan of the interconnected power grid within limited calculation time, realizes the coordinated optimization of the economical efficiency and reliability of system operation, and has popularization and application prospects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a combination method of units of a power system, in particular to a combination method of interconnected power grid units for considering various risk factors such as wind power, load, uncertainty of power system equipment and the like.
Background
In recent years, wind power is favored by people due to the characteristics of small pollution, low cost and the like, and the randomness and the volatility of the wind power undoubtedly bring more uncertainty to the day-ahead operation of a power system, so that the difficulty of the day-ahead power generation plan is increased. The areas with abundant wind power resources in China are mostly located in the middle and west, are far away from the east with relatively high load, are difficult to consume on the spot, and cause a large amount of wind abandoning phenomena. Meanwhile, in order to ensure safe and reliable operation of the system, the system needs to be provided with a spare to prevent unpredictable load, wind power uncertainty, unit and line faults and the like, but the operation cost of the system is undoubtedly increased by a large amount of spare. The regional interconnection can give full play to load characteristics, wind power fluctuation characteristics and peak staggering and complementarity of a power supply structure in different regions, and large-scale trans-regional power transmission of electric power becomes a typical characteristic of a power grid in China.
The combination of the units containing large-scale wind power is characterized in that the start-stop state, the power generation plan and the standby plan of each power plant unit are reasonably arranged according to the load prediction curve and the economic dispatching principle by considering the wind power uncertainty and the limitation of network safety constraint on the premise of ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the system, so that the reliability and the economy of the operation of a power system are realized. At present, the unit combination problem considering wind power uncertainty mainly includes 3 methods of stochastic programming based on scene analysis, stochastic programming based on opportunity constraint and multi-scene probability risk analysis. In an interconnected power grid comprising a plurality of wind power plants, the random planning based on scene analysis can enable the number of scenes to increase exponentially; the stochastic programming based on opportunity constraint expresses the wind power uncertainty by 1 prediction scene and 2 limit scenes in a confidence interval, simplifies the complexity of the problem, but cannot answer the rationality of the confidence level setting. Compared with the former two methods, the multi-scenario probability risk analysis can comprehensively consider the uncertainty of load, wind power prediction error, system equipment fault and the like with higher precision in a limited scenario, and reasonably make a unit combination plan.
The problem of single-region unit combination is converted into a multi-scene unit combination optimization problem of interconnection region source-load risk factors, resource complementation can be achieved, the operation reliability of a power grid is effectively improved, and the operation cost of the power grid is reduced. However, as the number of wind power plants increases, the number of elements in the interconnected power grid is large, and the load fluctuation is increasingly complex, the scene number of the power grid is rapidly increased in a geometric series manner, and more challenges are faced by considering the influence of power grid interconnection on system operation scheduling and the influence of interconnection line faults on the operation reliability of the interconnected power grid, and considering the multi-scene risk combination problem of the wind power-containing interconnected power grid units. When the unit combination strategy is researched in the future, the limits of calculation efficiency, calculation scale and the like must be considered when a risk evaluation model is established, a key scene which plays a determining role in the risk of the interconnected power grid is selected as far as possible, and the operation risk of the power grid is reflected relatively truly under the limited scene, so that a practical and feasible unit combination scheme is obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a risk-considering interconnected power grid unit combination method containing large-scale wind power, aiming at solving the defects of the prior art. Firstly, establishing a scene set of a multi-region interconnected power grid, wind power and load prediction errors and forced outage of a tie line between a unit and a region, quantifying the operation risk of each scene by using a system wind power rejection expectation index and a system wind power shortage expectation index, and introducing the risk into an objective function in a punishment mode; secondly, considering constraint conditions such as unit characteristic constraint, network security constraint and system operation risk, and establishing an interconnected power grid unit combination model containing wind power with the aim of minimizing the sum of power grid operation cost and risk punishment cost in an optimization period.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the method for combining the interconnected power grid units with large-scale wind power and considering risks comprises the following steps:
s1: establishing a wind power and load uncertainty model, setting the prediction error of the model to obey normal distribution, discretizing the wind power and load prediction error according to the 3 sigma standard of the normal distribution, and equivalently setting the prediction error into 7 operation scenes;
s2: on the basis of wind power and load prediction errors, equipment faults which obviously affect the operation of the system are selected and set into 3 scene sets to represent the risk of forced outage of system equipment to the operation of the system; scene 1: only one set is stopped in the area; scene 2: 1 unit is shut down in each region of the interconnected region; scene 3: tie line failures between regions; then the load loss expectation and the wind curtailment electric quantity of the system in the 3 scenes are as follows:
in the formula:
respectively obtaining the load loss expectation and wind curtailment electricity expectation of the area A at the moment t due to insufficient positive and negative backup; the first part, the second part and the third part of the formula (1) are respectively the load loss expectations of the area A under the scene sets 1, 2 and 3 at the time t; the first part, the second part and the third part of the formula (2) are respectively the wind curtailment expectations generated by the area A under the scene sets 1, 2 and 3 at the time t; G. g1 is the total number of generators in zone A, B, respectively;
the method comprises the following steps of (1) collecting all thermal power generating units in an area A;
the prediction error and the probability of the net load of the area A at the t moment of the first operation scene are shown;
the forced outage rate of the unit j in the area A is obtained;
the failure rate of the call mn between the regions A, B;
probability of shutting down a unit for region A, B at the same time;
the net load predicted value of the area A at the time t is obtained; u. ofitThe starting and stopping state of the unit i at the moment t is 1, which indicates that the unit is online, otherwise, the starting and stopping state is 0; pitThe output value of the thermal power generating unit i at the moment t is obtained;
the power supported by the region B to the region a through the tie line nm at time t;
the positive and negative standby available in the scene set 1 for the area A;
for the positive and negative spares available in the area a under the scene sets 2 and 3, the specific calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula:
the unit i is reserved for the positive side and the negative side at the moment t;
the method comprises the following steps of (1) collecting all thermal power generating units in an area B;
s3: introducing a system load loss expectation and a system wind curtailment electric quantity expectation into an objective function in a punishment mode, setting constraint conditions, and establishing an interconnected power grid unit combination model considering system network safety, conventional unit characteristics and system operation risk constraints, wherein a specific objective function expression is as follows:
in the formula: ci(Pit,uit) The method comprises the following steps of (1) representing an operation cost function of a thermal power generating unit by adopting a traditional quadratic function;
starting a cost function for the unit;
as a unit shutdown cost function;
respectively positive and negative standby cost coefficients of the thermal power generating unit i;
the unit i is reserved for the positive side and the negative side at the moment t; ceensA power grid load loss penalty coefficient; cewpcA wind abandon penalty coefficient is given to the power grid;
s4: and performing combined optimization on the energy and the reserve of the multi-region interconnected power grid in space to obtain an optimal unit combination scheme, thereby realizing the coordinated optimization of each region.
The fault scene set considered by the invention is necessary and can reasonably measure the operation risk of the power grid and quantify the positive and negative spare capacities required by the operation of the interconnected power grid; according to the characteristics of the power grid and the load, the penalty coefficients of load loss and wind abandonment are reasonably set, and the new energy construction and the reasonable power utilization of the load of the power grid can be guided. According to the set output plan, the standby plan and the tie line power transmission plan which are obtained by optimization, the power grid resources can be reasonably controlled and economically scheduled, the actual requirements of network safety and line flow are met, source-network-load coordination and resource sharing among regions can be realized, the standby requirements of the power grid and the starting time and the starting and stopping times of a traditional set are reduced, and the running economy and the reliability of the power grid are effectively improved.
Detailed Description
Assuming that the interconnected network is formed by A, B two regions through a connecting line mn, when considering the operation reliability of the interconnected network containing wind power, the following assumptions are firstly made: (1) the failure shutdown of the generator set is independent, and the loads and wind power of all areas are also independent; (2) each regional power grid only shares spare capacity but not power shortage, namely other regions are supported on the basis that the region has no equipment fault; (3) each region is expected to support other power grids as the region is used up.
The method for combining the interconnected power grid units with large-scale wind power and considering risks comprises the following steps:
s1: and establishing a wind power and load uncertainty model, setting the prediction error of the model to obey normal distribution, and equating the wind power and the load to 7 operation scenes according to the 3 sigma standard of the normal distribution.
S2: determining an uncertain operation scene set of an interconnected power grid
Considering the operation characteristics of the interconnected power grid containing wind power, the uncertain scene sets of the system are divided into 3 types: (1) only one set is stopped in the area; (2) 1 unit is shut down in each region of the interconnected region; (3) the tie between the zones fails. Then the load loss expectation and the wind curtailment electric quantity of the system in the 3 scenes are as follows:
in the formula:
respectively obtaining the load loss expectation and wind curtailment electricity expectation of the area A at the moment t due to insufficient positive and negative backup; the first part, the second part and the third part of the formula (1) are respectively the load loss expectations of the area A under the scene sets 1, 2 and 3 at the time t; the first part, the second part and the third part of the formula (2) are respectively the wind curtailment expectations generated by the area A under the scene sets 1, 2 and 3 at the time t; G. g1 is the total number of generators in zone A, B, respectively;
the method comprises the following steps of (1) collecting all thermal power generating units in an area A;
the prediction error and the probability of the net load of the area A at the t moment of the first operation scene are shown;
the forced outage rate of the unit j in the area A is obtained;
the failure rate of the call mn between the regions A, B;
probability of shutting down a unit for region A, B at the same time;
the net load predicted value of the area A at the time t is obtained; u. ofitThe starting and stopping state of the unit i at the moment t is 1, which indicates that the unit is online, otherwise, the starting and stopping state is 0; pitThe output value of the thermal power generating unit i at the moment t is obtained;
the power supported by the region B to the region a through the tie line nm at time t;
the positive and negative standby available in the scene set 1 for the area A;
for the positive and negative spares available in the area a under the scene sets 2 and 3, the specific calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula:
the unit i is reserved for the positive side and the negative side at the moment t;
and the method is a set of all thermal power generating units in the region B.
S3: and introducing the system load loss expectation and the system wind curtailment electric quantity into an objective function in a punishment mode, setting the objective function as a constraint condition, and establishing an interconnected power grid unit combination model considering the constraints of system network safety, conventional unit characteristics, system operation risks and the like. The specific target function expression is as follows:
in the formula: ci(Pit,uit) The method comprises the following steps of (1) representing an operation cost function of a thermal power generating unit by adopting a traditional quadratic function;
starting a cost function for the unit;
as a unit shutdown cost function;
respectively positive and negative standby cost coefficients of the thermal power generating unit i; ceensA power grid load loss penalty coefficient; cewpcAnd (5) a wind abandon penalty coefficient is given to the power grid.
S4: and performing combined optimization on the energy and the reserve of the multi-region interconnected power grid in space to obtain an optimal unit combination scheme, thereby realizing the coordinated optimization of each region.
Claims (1)
1. The method for combining the interconnected power grid units with large-scale wind power and risk is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: establishing a wind power and load uncertainty model, setting a prediction error of the model to obey normal distribution, and equating the wind power and the load to 7 operation scenes according to a normal distribution 3 sigma rule;
s2: on the basis of wind power and load prediction errors, equipment faults which obviously affect the operation of the system are selected and set into 3 scene sets to represent the risk of forced outage of system equipment to the operation of the system; scene 1: only one set is stopped in the area; scene 2: 1 unit is shut down in each region of the interconnected region; scene 3: tie line failures between regions; then the load loss expectation and the wind curtailment electric quantity of the system in the 3 scenes are as follows:
in the formula:
respectively obtaining the load loss expectation and wind curtailment electricity expectation of the area A at the moment t due to insufficient positive and negative backup; the first part, the second part and the third part of the formula (1) are respectively the load loss expectations of the area A under the scene sets 1, 2 and 3 at the time t; the first part, the second part and the third part of the formula (2) are respectively the wind curtailment expectations generated by the area A under the scene sets 1, 2 and 3 at the time t; G. g1 is the total number of generators in zone A, B, respectively;
the method comprises the following steps of (1) collecting all thermal power generating units in an area A;
the prediction error and the probability of the net load of the area A at the t moment of the first operation scene are shown;
the forced outage rate of the unit j in the area A is obtained;
is a tie line m between the regions A, Bn failure rate;
probability of shutting down a unit for region A, B at the same time;
the net load predicted value of the area A at the time t is obtained; u. ofitThe starting and stopping state of the unit i at the moment t is 1, which indicates that the unit is online, otherwise, the starting and stopping state is 0; pitThe output value of the thermal power generating unit i at the moment t is obtained;
the power supported by the region B to the region a through the tie line nm at time t;
the positive and negative standby available in the scene set 1 for the area A;
for the positive and negative spares available in the area a under the scene sets 2 and 3, the specific calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula:
the unit i is reserved for the positive side and the negative side at the moment t;
the method comprises the following steps of (1) collecting all thermal power generating units in an area B;
s3: introducing a system load loss expectation and a system wind curtailment electric quantity expectation into an objective function in a punishment mode, setting constraint conditions, and establishing an interconnected power grid unit combination model considering system network safety, conventional unit characteristics and system operation risk constraints, wherein a specific objective function expression is as follows:
in the formula: ci(Pit,uit) The method comprises the following steps of (1) representing an operation cost function of a thermal power generating unit by adopting a traditional quadratic function;
starting a cost function for the unit;
as a unit shutdown cost function;
respectively positive and negative standby cost coefficients of the thermal power generating unit i;
the unit i is reserved for the positive side and the negative side at the moment t; ceensA power grid load loss penalty coefficient; cewpcA wind abandon penalty coefficient is given to the power grid;
s4: and performing combined optimization on the energy and the reserve of the multi-region interconnected power grid in space to obtain an optimal unit combination scheme, thereby realizing the coordinated optimization of each region.
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| CN109995091B (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2022-11-29 | 太原理工大学 | AC/DC hybrid micro-grid economic dispatching method considering prediction error |
| CN110311427B (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2020-12-01 | 华北电力大学 | Two-stage N-K robust fault constraint unit combination method considering fault probability |
| CN111325449B (en) * | 2020-01-23 | 2022-08-23 | 清华大学 | Active prevention and control method and device for power grid operation risk |
| CN113346541B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2022-09-27 | 南京理工大学 | Wind power prevention control optimization method under typhoon disaster |
| CN113408132B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-09-27 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司 | Reliability evaluation method for regional autonomous power grid considering stochastic fault scene |
| CN113765153B (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2023-09-12 | 国网电力科学研究院有限公司 | New energy source limit access capability calculation method and system based on risk assessment |
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| US9876361B2 (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2018-01-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for controlling the operation of electric energy generators and control device for performing the method |
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| CN107482656A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-12-15 | 电力规划总院有限公司 | Power planning method, apparatus, equipment and the computer-readable recording medium of micro-capacitance sensor |
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