CN109234483B - Blast furnace gas comprehensive treatment recovery device - Google Patents
Blast furnace gas comprehensive treatment recovery device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109234483B CN109234483B CN201811275921.3A CN201811275921A CN109234483B CN 109234483 B CN109234483 B CN 109234483B CN 201811275921 A CN201811275921 A CN 201811275921A CN 109234483 B CN109234483 B CN 109234483B
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 158
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 153
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 232
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 washing Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/22—Dust arresters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/06—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace using top gas in the blast furnace process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Separation Of Particles Using Liquids (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses blast furnace gas comprehensive treatment recovery equipment, which comprises a blast furnace top charging tank (1), a cyclone dust collector (4), an alkali spraying washing tower (13) and a dehydrator (15), wherein a pressure equalizing gas outlet of the blast furnace top charging tank (1) is connected with an inlet of the cyclone dust collector (4) through a gas conveying pipeline, an outlet of the cyclone dust collector (4) is connected with a pressure equalizing gas inlet of the alkali spraying washing tower (13) through a pressure equalizing gas recovery pipeline, a diffusing gas outlet of the blast furnace top charging tank (1) is connected with a diffusing gas inlet of the alkali spraying washing tower (13) through a diffusing gas recovery pipeline, and a water-containing gas outlet of the alkali spraying washing tower (13) is connected with an inlet of the dehydrator (15) through a gas conveying pipeline. The blast furnace gas comprehensive treatment and recovery equipment can realize the alkali spraying and acid removal treatment of the top gas, the washing and dust removal treatment and recovery of the equalizing gas, and the dust removal and acid removal treatment of the large-emission gas.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of steel smelting equipment, in particular to blast furnace gas comprehensive treatment and recovery equipment.
Background
The coal gas discharged for a long time along with normal production of blast furnace ironmaking comprises two parts: one part is the gas discharged from a charging tank during charging of the furnace top, which is called equalizing gas, and the other part is the gas discharged from the furnace top by chemical reaction of raw fuel in the blast furnace, which is called furnace top gas. When the blast furnace is interrupted for production and stops blowing for special reasons, the gas discharged from the furnace top is called large-emission gas.
The top equalizing gas necessary for blast furnace production is discharged to the atmosphere (3 empty discharge per day) after passing through cyclone dust collector and silencer before each chargingAbout 00 times), the equalizing gas contains a large amount of CO and CO 2 Mixed gas of toxic and combustible matters and dust, and the release amount of equalizing gas is 6-8Nm 3 Per ton of iron, dust content exceeding 10g/Nm 3 About 7 hundred million tons of iron water is produced annually in China, and the gas amount discharged into the atmosphere through the blast furnace top pressure equalizing and diffusing equipment is up to 55 hundred million meters 3 Per year, the blast furnace gas unit price is 0.11 yuan/Nm 3 The economic loss caused by the gas is calculated to be about 6 hundred million yuan/year, and the discharged dust amount reaches 5.5 ten thousand tons/year. The equalizing gas in the blast furnace ironmaking production process is directly discharged into the atmosphere, which not only causes the pollution of the atmospheric environment, but also wastes energy.
There are many techniques at home and abroad to realize the recovery of the blast furnace top equalizing gas, and some have obtained good effects, such as chinese patent CN102031321a, publication date 2011, month 4, and 27, and a method and a device for recovering blast furnace top equalizing gas are disclosed. However, the technologies all need to additionally add special pressure-equalizing gas dust-removing equipment on the basis of the original blast furnace system, so that the recovery is realized after the dust removal of the pressure-equalizing gas. For most blast furnace systems that require modification on the original site, the floor space and additional equipment investment of the modification process are important issues that are difficult to avoid.
In the production process of the blast furnace, the iron-making production is sometimes interrupted according to the requirements of overhauling and handling accidents, and planned damping down, such as handling damaged cooling walls, is arranged, and water is required to be poured on a material-lowering surface at the moment; sometimes, the iron-making production is interrupted for other reasons, and an unintended damping down is performed. When the blast furnace is in damping down, the blast furnace stops blowing and injecting fuel, the original raw fuel in the blast furnace has insufficient reaction, and the water is blown out due to the operation of lowering the material level, and the like, and the discharged gas has complex components and contains a large amount of water vapor, large-particle dust and H 2 、CH 4 、CO、CO 2 、N 2 . The coal gas produced after the blast furnace damping down operation is not in accordance with the recycling requirement because of the characteristics of high humidity, high temperature, complex components, high dust content, large dust granularity, easy explosion and the like. For the large-emission coal gas, a cloth bag dust remover in a blast furnace production flow is not suitable for dust removal, and the dust removal is always carried out at home and abroadWithout a good treatment mode, the top diffusing valve can only be opened to conduct large diffusing treatment, and large diffusing gas containing a large amount of dust pollutants is directly discharged into the atmosphere, so that serious air pollution is caused.
Many iron and steel enterprises spray bituminous coal or anthracite coal to reduce the coke ratio to different degrees, some iron and steel enterprises adopt imported raw ore sprayed with seawater, and some iron and steel enterprises adopt chlorine-containing additives (CaCl) for improving the strength of sintered ore 2 Etc.), for the above reasons, many domestic iron and steel enterprises have a large amount of acidic media (chloride and sulfate ions) in the top gas produced during production.
With the enlargement of blast furnaces and the increase of furnace top pressure, the blast furnace gas purification method is developed from wet type to dry type, and the latest edition of ' blast furnace ironmaking engineering design Specification (GB 50427-2015) clearly recommends ' the blast furnace gas purification design is suitable for adopting a dry type bag dust removal process ', so that a dry type bag dust remover is generally adopted in China to finish the purification of the furnace top gas. The dry dust removal can not purify acidic media in the top gas, and the acidic media form strong acid solution after meeting water, so that serious corrosion is caused to gas pipelines. The design specification of blast furnace ironmaking engineering (GB 50427-2015) recommends that when the content of corrosive substances such as purified gas chloride ions is high, facilities for controlling the content of chloride ions in gas such as alkali liquor spray towers are arranged before entering a gas pipe network of a whole plant. Aiming at the situation, many domestic iron and steel enterprises adopt an alkali spraying tower as a chlorine removal device of top gas while applying a gas full dry dedusting technology, such as Chinese patent CN201864738U, publication date 2011, 6 and 15, and a blast furnace gas alkali spraying chlorine removal device is disclosed.
The blast furnace production is required to solve the corrosion problem of the top gas, and the dust removal and recovery problems of the equalizing gas and the dust removal and acid removal problems of the large-emission gas are required to be solved in the aspect of environmental protection. From the analysis, the prior art has no good treatment method for large-emission gas, and the prior art directly discharges the gas to the air; for the equalizing gas at the top of the blast furnace, although the prior art provides a plurality of recovery methods, special equalizing gas dust removing equipment is additionally added, and the important problems of occupied area and additional equipment investment in the transformation process are faced. As an alkali spraying tower for eliminating acid medium in coal gas, the alkali spraying tower has only a single function of alkali spraying and acid removal.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to complete dust and acid removal of blast furnace gas. The application provides a blast furnace gas comprehensive treatment recovery device, wherein an alkali spraying washing tower in the blast furnace gas comprehensive treatment recovery device has the functions of washing, dust removing and alkali spraying and acid removing, and does not need to add additional pressure-equalizing gas dust removing equipment, so that blast furnace top gas and pressure-equalizing gas are directly introduced into the alkali spraying washing tower, thereby realizing alkali spraying and acid removing treatment of the top gas, washing, dust removing and recovery of the pressure-equalizing gas and dust removing and acid removing treatment of large-scale diffused gas.
The application solves the technical problems that: the blast furnace gas comprehensive treatment recovery device comprises a blast furnace top charging tank, a cyclone dust collector, an alkali spraying washing tower and a dehydrator, wherein a pressure equalizing gas outlet of the blast furnace top charging tank is connected with an inlet of the cyclone dust collector through a gas conveying pipeline, an outlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected with a pressure equalizing gas inlet of the alkali spraying washing tower through a pressure equalizing gas recovery pipeline, a bleeding gas outlet of the blast furnace top charging tank is connected with a bleeding gas inlet of the alkali spraying washing tower through a bleeding gas recovery pipeline, and a water-containing gas outlet of the alkali spraying washing tower is connected with an inlet of the dehydrator through a gas conveying pipeline.
The alkali spraying washing tower is internally provided with an air flow homogenizing device, an alkali liquor spraying device, a foam remover, an upper spraying device and a water removing device which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, wherein the air flow homogenizing device comprises at least one layer of air grid along the vertical direction, and the alkali liquor spraying device comprises at least one alkali liquor spraying layer.
The alkali spraying washing tower is of an upright cylindrical structure, one alkali spraying layer comprises a plurality of long spray guns and short spray guns which are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the alkali spraying washing tower, each long spray gun and each short spray gun are radially arranged along the alkali spraying washing tower, and each long spray gun and each short spray gun are provided with a high-pressure atomizing nozzle.
The alkali liquor spraying device comprises a plurality of alkali liquor spraying layers, in two adjacent alkali liquor spraying layers, the spraying direction of the high-pressure atomizing spray heads in one alkali liquor spraying layer is all upward, and the spraying direction of the high-pressure atomizing spray heads in the other alkali liquor spraying layer is all downward.
The alkali liquor spraying device comprises four alkali liquor spraying layers, wherein the four alkali liquor spraying layers are a first alkali liquor spraying layer, a second alkali liquor spraying layer, a third alkali liquor spraying layer and a fourth alkali liquor spraying layer in sequence from bottom to top.
The spraying directions of the high-pressure atomizing nozzles in the first alkali liquor spraying layer are all upward, the spraying directions of the high-pressure atomizing nozzles in the second alkali liquor spraying layer are all downward, the spraying directions of the high-pressure atomizing nozzles in the third alkali liquor spraying layer are all upward, and the spraying directions of the high-pressure atomizing nozzles in the fourth alkali liquor spraying layer are all downward.
The upper spraying device comprises a plurality of nozzles capable of spraying water flow to the demister, the water removing device is a filler water removing device, the water removing device is positioned at the upper part of the spray alkali washing tower, the spray alkali washing tower also comprises a diffused gas outlet, the diffused gas outlet and the water-containing gas outlet are both positioned at the top of the spray alkali washing tower, and a washing tower diffused valve is connected outside the diffused gas outlet.
The bottom of the alkali spraying washing tower is provided with a sewage outlet, a sewage treatment device is arranged below the outside of the sewage outlet, the alkali spraying washing tower also comprises a top gas inlet, a top gas recovery pipeline is connected outside the top gas inlet of the alkali spraying washing tower, and a top gas stop valve is arranged on the top gas recovery pipeline.
The pressure equalizing gas recovery pipeline is provided with a thermometer, a flowmeter, a pressure gauge and a pressure equalizing gas recovery valve, an outlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected with a muffler and a primary pressure equalizing system which are connected in parallel, the gas conveying pipeline is connected with a nitrogen tank and a secondary pressure equalizing system which are connected in series, and an outlet of the water remover is connected with a clean gas pipe network.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
1. the washing and dust removal treatment of the equalizing gas can be completed, the process flow of equalizing gas recovery is simplified, and the occupied area is reduced.
2. The dust removal and acid removal treatment of the large-emission coal gas can be completed, and the air pollution is reduced.
3. The alkali spraying and acid removing treatment of the top gas can be completed, and the corrosion of the top gas to a gas pipeline is reduced.
4. The spray alkali washing tower has simple structure, low cost and low maintenance cost.
5. The spray alkali washing tower has few movable parts, is not easy to break down and has high operation rate.
6. The pressure, temperature and flow of the pressure-equalizing gas are detected before the pressure-equalizing gas enters the alkali spraying washing tower and fed back to the blast furnace central control system in time, so that the blast furnace operation can be optimized and the blast furnace can be promoted to run forward.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the blast furnace gas comprehensive treatment recovery device.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spray alkali scrubber according to the present application.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of an alkali liquor spraying layer.
1. Charging bucket at the top of the blast furnace; 2. a secondary equalizing valve; 3. a nitrogen tank; 4. a cyclone dust collector; 5. a primary equalizing valve; 6. a muffler; 7. a pressure equalizing and diffusing valve; 8. a thermometer; 9. a flow meter; 10. a pressure gauge; 11. a pressure equalizing gas recovery valve; 12. a scrubber bleed valve; 13. spraying alkali to wash the tower; 14. spray alkali wash tower stop valve; 15. a water remover; 16. a check valve; 17. a net gas pipe network; 18. a furnace top bleeding valve; 19. a large diffused gas stop valve; 20. a top gas shut-off valve; 21. a sewage treatment device; 22. a primary pressure equalizing system; 23. a secondary pressure equalizing system;
31. a water removal device; 32. a spraying device; 33. a demister; 34. a high pressure atomizer; 35. a gas grille; 36. an alkali liquor spraying layer; 37. a long spray gun; 38. short spray gun.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
The utility model provides a blast furnace gas integrated treatment recovery plant, including blast furnace roof charge tank 1, cyclone 4, spouting alkali wash tower 13 and dehydrator 15, the pressure-equalizing gas outlet of blast furnace roof charge tank 1 passes through the gas transfer line and is connected with cyclone 4's entry, cyclone 4's export passes through pressure-equalizing gas recovery line and spouts the pressure-equalizing gas entry linkage of alkali wash tower 13, blast furnace roof charge tank 1's blow-off gas export passes through blow-off gas recovery line and spouts the blow-off gas entry linkage of alkali wash tower 13, spouting the water-containing gas outlet of alkali wash tower 13 and is connected with dehydrator 15's entry through gas transfer line, as shown in fig. 1.
In this embodiment, the alkali spraying washing tower 13 is internally provided with an air flow homogenizing device, an alkali liquor spraying device, a foam remover 33, an upper spraying device 32 and a water removing device 31 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, wherein the air flow homogenizing device comprises at least one layer of air grid 35 along the vertical direction, and the alkali liquor spraying device comprises at least one alkali liquor spraying layer 36, as shown in fig. 2.
In this embodiment, the pressure equalizing gas inlet and the diffusing gas inlet of the spray alkali washing tower 13 are located at the lower part of the spray alkali washing tower 13, the gas flow homogenizing device is located above the pressure equalizing gas inlet and the diffusing gas inlet, the gas flow homogenizing device comprises three layers of gas grids 35, and the adjacent two layers of gas grids 35 are staggered by a set angle, so that the blast furnace gas entering the tower is uniformly distributed on the cross section in the whole tower.
In this embodiment, the alkali spraying tower 13 is in an upright cylindrical structure, the alkali spraying layer 36 includes a plurality of long spray guns 37 and short spray guns 38 uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the alkali spraying tower 13, the long spray guns 37 intersect at the center line of the alkali spraying tower 13, the long spray guns 37 and the short spray guns 38 are both in columnar structures, the length of the long spray guns 37 is greater than that of the short spray guns 38, the long spray guns 37 and the short spray guns 38 are all arranged along the radial direction of the alkali spraying tower 13, namely, the length direction of the long spray guns 37 and the length direction of the short spray guns 38 are all arranged along the radial direction of the alkali spraying tower 13, and a plurality of high-pressure atomizing spray heads 34 are arranged on the long spray guns 37 and the short spray guns 38, as shown in fig. 3.
In this embodiment, the alkali liquor spraying device includes a plurality of alkali liquor spraying layers 36 disposed at intervals along a vertical direction, in two adjacent alkali liquor spraying layers 36, the spraying direction of the high pressure atomizing nozzle 34 in one alkali liquor spraying layer 36 is all upward, and the spraying direction of the high pressure atomizing nozzle 34 in the other alkali liquor spraying layer 36 is all downward. For example, the alkali liquor spraying device comprises four alkali liquor spraying layers 36, and as shown in fig. 2, the four alkali liquor spraying layers 36 are a first alkali liquor spraying layer, a second alkali liquor spraying layer, a third alkali liquor spraying layer and a fourth alkali liquor spraying layer in sequence from bottom to top.
The spraying directions of the high-pressure atomizing nozzles 34 in the first alkali liquor spraying layer are all upward, the spraying directions of the high-pressure atomizing nozzles 34 in the second alkali liquor spraying layer are all downward, the spraying directions of the high-pressure atomizing nozzles 34 in the third alkali liquor spraying layer are all upward, and the spraying directions of the high-pressure atomizing nozzles 34 in the fourth alkali liquor spraying layer are all downward. The bottom of the alkali spraying washing tower 13 is provided with a sewage outlet, and a sewage treatment device 21 is arranged below the outside of the sewage outlet. The dust-containing sewage generated after the blast furnace gas comprehensive treatment recovery device processes the gas is processed by the sewage treatment device 21 to obtain sludge and recycled water.
A plurality of alkaline liquor spray levels 36 and their attendant high pressure atomizer 34 are arranged at different heights according to process requirements. After being sprayed out from the high-pressure atomizing nozzle 34, the alkali liquor forms an atomized state in the alkali spraying washing tower 13, and the atomized alkali liquor is uniformly distributed in the inner space of the alkali spraying washing tower 13. The high-pressure atomizing nozzle 34 sprays alkali liquor in a high-pressure atomizing state to realize chlorine removal treatment of the coal gas.
The acidic dust-containing blast furnace gas enters the spray alkali washing tower 13 from a gas inlet (comprising a pressure equalizing gas inlet, a diffusing gas inlet and a top gas inlet) on the side surface of the lower part of the spray alkali washing tower 13, and the acid and dust removal treatment is completed under the action of atomized alkali liquor:
1. spraying alkali to remove acid: atomized alkali liquor fully distributed in the inner space of the alkali spraying washing tower 13 fully reacts with an acidic medium in the gas to eliminate the gas corrosiveness.
2. Washing and dedusting: because of inertial collision, interception and agglomeration between atomized alkali liquor and gas dust, larger-particle dust is settled by gravity along with atomized washing, is discharged together with washing liquid and enters a sewage treatment device 21 outside a sewage discharge outlet at the bottom of the alkali spraying washing tower 13. The dust-containing sewage can be recycled after being treated by the sewage treatment device 21 at the bottom of the alkali spraying washing tower 13.
In this embodiment, the upper spray device 32 includes a plurality of nozzles capable of spraying water to the mist eliminator 33, the water eliminator 31 is a filler water eliminator, and the water eliminator 31 is located at the upper part of the caustic soda scrubber 13. The demister 33 may be a wire mesh demister (or other efficient demister such as a folded plate demister), and the demister 33 is disposed in a space above the high-pressure atomizing nozzle 34. The dust of the smaller particles and the alkali liquor in an atomized state form mist, the gas with the mist rises at a certain speed to pass through the mist eliminator 33, and the mist eliminator 33 finishes the treatment of the smaller dust particles in the gas to obtain the water-containing clean gas. The upper spraying device 32 is arranged above the demister 33, and the demister 33 is sprayed and washed by high-pressure water through the upper spraying device 32 at regular intervals, so that the demister 33 is prevented from being blocked after long-term use. The acidic dust-containing blast furnace gas can obtain the gas with larger water content by the action of atomized alkali liquid sprayed out by the high-pressure atomizing nozzle 34 and the demister 33.
In this embodiment, two gas outlets are disposed at the top of the alkali spraying washing tower 13, and are a water-containing gas outlet and a gas outlet, the gas outlet is externally connected with a washing tower diffusion valve 12, and the water-containing gas outlet is externally connected with an alkali spraying washing tower stop valve 14, a dehydrator 15, a check valve 16 and a clean gas pipe network 17 in sequence, as shown in fig. 1.
A water removal device 31 (filler water removal device) is arranged above the upper spray device 32 near the top outlet of the alkali spray washing tower 13. The inner filler of the filler water removing device can be a garland filler (or a stainless steel garland filler or other types of fillers) made of aluminum alloy materials. When the water-containing gas passes through the water removing device 31, small water drops in the gas are converged into large water drops under the action of the filler, and preliminary water removal is realized under the action of gravity.
The water remover 15 can be a baffle type water remover (or a cyclone type water remover and other high-efficiency water removers). The primarily dewatered water-containing gas is discharged from a water-containing gas outlet at the top of the alkali spraying washing tower 13, enters a dehydrator 15 arranged at the outer side of the top of the alkali spraying washing tower 13, completes the water removal treatment of the water-containing gas, finally obtains qualified gas meeting the requirements of users, and enters a clean gas pipe network 17 for the users through a clean gas check valve 16.
The top outlet of the spray alkali washing tower 13 is provided with a washing tower relief valve 12, and the washing tower relief valve 12 has the functions of a stop valve and a safety valve at the same time: when the internal pressure of the alkali spraying washing tower 13 is normal, the washing tower relief valve 12 is in a closed state; when the pressure exceeds the set point, the scrubber bleed valve 12 automatically opens to reduce the internal pressure.
In the normal production state of the blast furnace, a large-bleed gas stop valve 19 of a large-bleed gas pipeline and a spray alkali washing tower bleed valve 12 of an outlet at the top of the spray alkali washing tower are closed, a top gas stop valve 20 of a top gas pipeline and a pressure equalizing gas pipeline recovery valve 11 are opened, and a spray alkali washing tower stop valve 14 of the outlet at the top of the spray alkali washing tower and a check valve 16 before clean gas enters a pipe network are opened.
After the blast furnace charging system enters a charging procedure of the charging tank 1 on the blast furnace top, the equalizing gas is discharged from the charging tank 1 on the blast furnace top and enters the cyclone dust collector 4 for coarse dust removal, and the gas after coarse dust removal enters the equalizing gas recovery pipeline. The pressure equalizing gas recovery pipeline is provided with a thermometer 8, a flowmeter 9 and a manometer 10 for measuring the temperature, the flow and the pressure of the pressure equalizing gas, and detection values of the thermometer 8, the flowmeter 9 and the manometer 10 are fed back to the blast furnace central control system in time, so that the blast furnace operation is optimized, and the blast furnace is promoted to run forward.
The equalizing gas is finally led to an alkali spraying washing tower 13 with acid and dust removing functions through an equalizing gas recovery valve 11; the top gas enters the caustic soda wash tower 13 through a top gas shut-off valve 20. According to the process requirements, the equalizing gas recovery valve 11 or the furnace top gas stop valve 20 can be respectively opened to respectively treat the furnace top gas and the equalizing gas; it is also possible to simultaneously open the equalizing gas recovery valve 11 or the top gas shut-off valve 20 and to simultaneously treat both the top gas and the equalizing gas.
In this embodiment, the spray alkali washing tower 13 further comprises a top gas inlet, the top gas inlet is positioned at the lower part of the spray alkali washing tower 13, a top gas recovery pipeline is connected to the outside of the top gas inlet of the spray alkali washing tower 13, and a top gas stop valve 20 is arranged on the top gas recovery pipeline. The outlet of the cyclone dust collector 4 is connected with a muffler 6 and a primary pressure equalizing system 22 which are connected in parallel, and the gas conveying pipeline is connected with a nitrogen tank 3 and a secondary pressure equalizing system 23 which are connected in series, as shown in figure 1.
In the present embodiment, the diameter and height of the caustic wash tower 13 are determined based on the average flow rate of the blast furnace gas within the tower. The blast furnace gas comprehensive treatment device provided by the application automatically adjusts the water spraying amount of the high-pressure atomization nozzle 34 through detecting the gas pressure, the flow rate and the flow rate at the inlet of the blast furnace gas, and improves the neutralization reaction and the dust removal effect of acidic dust-containing gas and atomized alkali liquid in the alkali spraying washing tower 13.
The alkali spraying washing tower 13 has higher dust removing efficiency, can remove dust with the particle size of 0.1-20 microns, and the dust content of the treated coal gas is less than 5mg/m 3 . The mechanical water content of the water-containing clean gas after being treated by the filler water removing device 31 and the water remover 15 is less than 7g/m 3 . The furnace top gas and the equalizing gas treated by the blast furnace gas comprehensive treatment and recovery equipment provided by the application meet the recovery requirement.
The gas grill 35, demister 33, upper spray device 32, and water removal device 31 described in the present application can all be manufactured using commercially available products. Therefore, the alkaline spraying washing tower 13 provided by the application has the advantages of simplicity, low manufacturing cost, low maintenance cost, few movable parts, difficult occurrence of faults, high operation rate and the like, can reduce air pollution, and can realize energy conservation, emission reduction and recycling of resources.
The working process of the blast furnace gas comprehensive treatment recovery device is described below.
After the blast furnace charging system enters a charging procedure for charging a charging tank, a pressure equalizing gas recovery valve 11 and a check valve 16 of a clean gas pipe network are opened, pressure equalizing gas is discharged from a charging tank 1 at the top of the blast furnace and enters a cyclone dust collector 4 for coarse dust removal, and the gas after coarse dust removal enters the pressure equalizing gas recovery pipeline. The pressure equalizing gas recovery pipeline is provided with a thermometer 8, a flowmeter 9 and a manometer 10 for measuring the temperature, the flow and the pressure of the pressure equalizing gas, and detection values of the thermometer 8, the flowmeter 9 and the manometer 10 are fed back to the blast furnace central control system in time, so that the blast furnace operation is optimized, and the blast furnace is promoted to run forward.
The equalizing gas is led to an alkali spraying washing tower 13 with acid and dust removing function after passing through an equalizing gas recovery valve 11; the top gas enters the caustic soda wash tower 13 through a top gas shut-off valve 20. According to the process requirements, the equalizing gas recovery valve 11 or the furnace top gas stop valve 20 can be respectively opened to respectively treat the furnace top gas and the equalizing gas; it is also possible to simultaneously open the equalizing gas recovery valve 11 or the top gas shut-off valve 20 and to simultaneously treat both the top gas and the equalizing gas.
When the blast furnace is in damping down, the equalizing gas recovery valve 11 and the top gas stop valve 20 are closed, the washing tower stop valve 14 at the top outlet of the alkali spraying washing tower 13 and the check valve 16 before the clean gas enters the pipe network are closed, and the large-emission gas stop valve 19 of the large-emission gas pipeline and the washing tower emission valve 12 at the top outlet of the alkali spraying washing tower are opened.
The large diffused gas is treated by an alkali spraying washing tower 13, so that acid media and dust are eliminated, the emission requirement is met, and the large diffused gas is discharged into the air through a washing tower diffusion valve 12.
The application can realize the comprehensive treatment of three blast furnace gases by using the alkali spraying washing tower 13: when the blast furnace is used for production, the alkali spraying and acid removal treatment of the top gas can be realized, the corrosiveness of the top gas is eliminated, and the washing, dust removing and recycling functions of the equalizing gas can be completed; when the blast furnace is in damping down, the dust and acid removal treatment of the large-volume scattered coal gas can be completed, and the large-volume scattered coal gas is discharged into the air after meeting the discharge requirement.
The blast furnace gas comprehensive treatment and recovery equipment can reduce air pollution and realize energy conservation, emission reduction and recycling of resources.
The foregoing description of the embodiments of the application is not intended to limit the scope of the application, so that the substitution of equivalent elements or equivalent variations and modifications within the scope of the application shall fall within the scope of the patent. In addition, the technical features and the technical features, the technical features and the technical application can be freely combined for use.
Claims (4)
1. The blast furnace gas comprehensive treatment recovery device is characterized by comprising a blast furnace top charging tank (1), a cyclone dust collector (4), an alkali spraying washing tower (13) and a dehydrator (15), wherein a pressure equalizing gas outlet of the blast furnace top charging tank (1) is connected with an inlet of the cyclone dust collector (4) through a gas conveying pipeline, an outlet of the cyclone dust collector (4) is connected with a pressure equalizing gas inlet of the alkali spraying washing tower (13) through a pressure equalizing gas recovery pipeline, a bleeding gas outlet of the blast furnace top charging tank (1) is connected with a bleeding gas inlet of the alkali spraying washing tower (13) through a bleeding gas recovery pipeline, and a water-containing gas outlet of the alkali spraying washing tower (13) is connected with an inlet of the dehydrator (15) through a gas conveying pipeline;
the alkali spraying washing tower (13) is internally provided with an air flow homogenizing device, an alkali liquor spraying device, a foam remover (33), an upper spraying device (32) and a water removing device (31) which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, wherein the air flow homogenizing device comprises three layers of air grids (35) along the vertical direction, and two adjacent layers of air grids (35) are staggered at a set angle;
the alkali spraying washing tower (13) is of an upright cylindrical structure, one alkali spraying layer (36) comprises a plurality of long spray guns (37) and short spray guns (38) which are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the alkali spraying washing tower (13), each long spray gun (37) and each short spray gun (38) are arranged along the radial direction of the alkali spraying washing tower (13), and each long spray gun (37) and each short spray gun (38) are provided with a high-pressure atomizing nozzle (34);
the alkali liquor spraying device comprises four alkali liquor spraying layers (36), wherein the four alkali liquor spraying layers (36) are a first alkali liquor spraying layer, a second alkali liquor spraying layer, a third alkali liquor spraying layer and a fourth alkali liquor spraying layer in sequence from bottom to top;
the spraying directions of the high-pressure atomizing nozzles (34) in the first alkali liquor spraying layer are all upward, the spraying directions of the high-pressure atomizing nozzles (34) in the second alkali liquor spraying layer are all downward, the spraying directions of the high-pressure atomizing nozzles (34) in the third alkali liquor spraying layer are all upward, and the spraying directions of the high-pressure atomizing nozzles (34) in the fourth alkali liquor spraying layer are all downward.
2. The blast furnace gas comprehensive treatment and recovery device according to claim 1, wherein the upper spraying device (32) comprises a plurality of nozzles capable of spraying water flow to the demister (33), the dewatering device (31) is a filler dewatering device, the dewatering device (31) is positioned at the upper part of the alkali spraying washing tower (13), the alkali spraying washing tower (13) further comprises a diffused gas outlet, the diffused gas outlet and the water-containing gas outlet are both positioned at the top of the alkali spraying washing tower (13), and a washing tower diffused valve (12) is connected outside the diffused gas outlet.
3. Blast furnace gas comprehensive treatment and recovery equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the alkali spraying washing tower (13) is provided with a sewage drain, a sewage treatment device (21) is arranged below the outside of the sewage drain, the alkali spraying washing tower (13) also comprises a top gas inlet, a top gas recovery pipeline is connected to the outside of the top gas inlet of the alkali spraying washing tower (13), and a top gas stop valve (20) is arranged on the top gas recovery pipeline.
4. The blast furnace gas comprehensive treatment and recovery device according to claim 1, wherein a thermometer (8), a flowmeter (9), a pressure gauge (10) and a pressure equalizing gas recovery valve (11) are arranged on the pressure equalizing gas recovery pipeline, an outlet of the cyclone dust collector (4) is connected with a silencer (6) and a primary pressure equalizing system (22) which are connected in parallel, the gas conveying pipeline is connected with a nitrogen tank (3) and a secondary pressure equalizing system (23) which are connected in series, and an outlet of the water remover (15) is connected with a clean gas pipe network (17).
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| CN111187867B (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2024-02-09 | 北京中北欧瑞智工程技术有限公司 | Integrated recovery process for diffused raw gas |
| CN113731082A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-12-03 | 石河子天域新实化工有限公司 | Cyclone separation spray dust removal process method |
| CN112853016B (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2022-11-18 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Blast furnace gas treatment system and method suitable for CCPP operation |
| CN115029163B (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2023-03-24 | 中琉科技有限公司 | Blast furnace gas sulfur recovery device and system |
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