Device and method for cleaning scab of alumina decomposer
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alumina production, in particular to a device and a method for cleaning scabs of an alumina decomposer.
Background
In enterprises adopting the Bayer process to produce alumina in China, most of the enterprises adopt a high-solid-content and high-concentration full mixed flow mechanical stirring type one-stage method or two-stage method seed crystal decomposition production technology, and a decomposer is key equipment in seed crystal decomposition production and bears the task of sodium aluminate solution seed crystal decomposition. In recent years, more and more decomposers are stirred by adopting a micro-disturbance flat plug flow technology with less stirring blades, the disturbance power of aluminum hydroxide slurry in the decomposers is small, the decomposed aluminum hydroxide crystals can be adhered to the positions of groove walls, baffle plates, material lifting pipes, chute, stirring blades and the like to form scars, the thickness of the groove wall scars is about 3cm on average, the local scars can reach 20cm, and because the aluminum hydroxide deposits at the bottom of a stirring dead angle part at the bottom of the groove body to form scars at the bottom of the decomposer, the height of the groove bottom scars is about 1-2.5 m, so that all the decomposers basically exit to clean one scars according to 1 year.
The generation of the scab of the decomposer is inevitable, the growth speed of the scab is also accelerated along with the increase of organic matters in the production process, and the normal production of the decomposer is greatly influenced due to the existence of the scab of the groove wall of the decomposer, and the decomposition groove is forced to be retreated for cleaning due to the collapse, the death and the stirring of the scab of the groove wall often have great influence on the production.
There are two cleaning methods for the scab on the groove wall of the decomposer: firstly, after the slurry in the decomposing tank is emptied, the liquid alkali is fed for 300-400 m 3 The total liquid amount is 1200-1800 m after being mixed with mother liquid in the decomposing tank 3 The circulating clear liquid is heated to about 110 ℃ by using low-pressure new steam of 13-20 tons/hour through a double-pipe heat exchanger, and the high-temperature clear liquid is sprayed from the inner wall of the tank top to the inside of the decomposition tank to be scabbed until the clear liquid is dissolved and falls off by using a pump, which takes about 1 day; another method is manual cleaning, in which a hanging basket is used at the top of the decomposing tank to lift workers to the scab position in the decomposing tank, and tools such as a spade, a pneumatic pick and the like are used for manually cleaning the scab. The chemical cleaning method consumes steam, the generated chemical clear liquid has great influence on the follow-up operation, the inner wall of the tank is damaged in the manual cleaning process, the working efficiency is low, and the high-altitude operation is unsafe.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for cleaning scabs of an alumina decomposer, which can quickly remove scabs on the inner wall of the decomposer and prolong the service cycle of the decomposer by adding part of processes and equipment under the condition of not changing the existing decomposition process.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a scar cleaning device for an alumina decomposer, which comprises a hanging ring and a lifting device, wherein the hanging ring is horizontally arranged, and the lifting device is connected with the hanging ring and drives the hanging ring to lift along the vertical direction; a circle of flexible scraping blade device is uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the lifting ring; the inner diameter of the hanging ring is larger than the outer diameter of the stirring device in the alumina decomposing tank.
Further, the lifting device comprises a lifting machine, a traction rope I, a fixed pulley and a total traction rope, wherein the lifting machine is arranged above the lifting ring and is positioned on the central axis of the lifting ring; the fixed pulleys are provided with more than 3 groups and are distributed above the hanging ring in a regular polygon shape, and the center of the regular polygon is positioned on the central axis of the hanging ring; the elevator is connected with a total traction rope, and the total traction rope is wound and unwound along with the rotation of the elevator; the traction ropes I are arranged according to the fixed pulleys, the lower ends of the traction ropes I are respectively connected with the hanging rings, the connecting points form a regular polygon connecting structure, and the upper ends of the traction ropes I are respectively connected with the total traction ropes after passing through the fixed pulleys.
Further, the hoisting machine is a hoisting machine, and the hauling rope I and the total hauling rope are steel wire ropes.
Further, rings are of a circular ring structure, gaps are formed in the outer sides of the circular rings, the gaps are formed according to the positions of the lifting pipe and the compressed air pipe in the decomposing tank, and the rings just avoid the parts when lifting. The notch can be provided with a flexible scraping blade device according to actual practice.
Further, the flexible scraping blade device comprises an upper scraping blade, a lower scraping blade and a connecting piece, wherein the upper scraping blade and the lower scraping blade are made of flexible materials and are respectively arranged on the edges of the upper surface and the lower surface of the hanging ring, and the upper scraping blade and the lower scraping blade are correspondingly arranged; the connecting piece penetrates through the upper scraping blade, the hanging ring and the lower scraping blade, the two ends of the connecting piece are respectively provided with a fastener, and the outer ends of the upper scraping blade and the lower scraping blade extend outwards along the radial direction of the hanging ring; the edges of the upper scraping blade and the lower scraping blade are respectively contacted with the inner wall of the alumina decomposing tank.
Further, the connecting piece is a bolt, and the fastening piece is a nut.
Further, rings set up the multiunit along vertical direction, connect through being polygon distributed's haulage rope II between each group rings, be located the rings and hoisting device connection that are topmost.
Further, the haulage rope II is a steel wire rope.
The invention also provides a method for cleaning the scab of the alumina decomposer, which is applied to the device for cleaning the scab of the alumina decomposer and comprises the following steps: under the condition that production is kept to be carried out continuously, the lifting ring is lowered to the bottom of the alumina decomposing tank through the lifting device, then the lifting ring is lifted slowly through the lifting device, in the lifting process, each group of flexible scraping blade devices are respectively contacted with the inner wall of the alumina decomposing tank, and meanwhile scabs on the inner wall of the alumina decomposing tank are cleaned; when the lowest lifting ring is lifted to exceed the liquid level of the alumina decomposing tank, the lifting device stops to finish one-time cleaning; this cleaning process was repeated until the alumina decomposition tank bottom was completely cleaned of scabs.
Further, the lifting device slowly lifts the lifting ring at a lifting speed of 0.5-1 m/min.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention has simple and feasible technical process, reasonable design of equipment structure, safety and reliability, overcomes the prior technical defects on the premise of not changing the prior production equipment, can clean the scab on the inner wall of the decomposer, reduces the risk of sinking the decomposer in the running process of the decomposer, prolongs the running period of the decomposer and has obvious economic benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the working state of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall installation of the cleaning apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a cleaning apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the cleaning apparatus of the present invention;
the serial numbers and names in the figures are:
1-hanging rings; 2-a lifting machine; 3-pulling ropes; 4-fixed pulleys; 5-notch; 6-upper scraping blade; 7-lower scraping blade; 8-connecting piece; 9-total haulage rope; 10-hauling rope II.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in more detail by way of specific embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, the device for cleaning scabs of the alumina decomposer comprises a lifting ring 1 and a lifting device, wherein the lifting ring 1 is horizontally arranged, and the lifting device is connected with the lifting ring 1 to drive the lifting ring 1 to lift along the vertical direction; a circle of flexible scraping blade devices are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the hanging ring 1; the inner diameter of the hanging ring 1 is larger than the outer diameter of the stirring device in the alumina decomposing tank.
The lifting device comprises a lifting machine 2, a traction rope I3, a fixed pulley 4 and a total traction rope 9, wherein the lifting machine 2 is arranged above the lifting ring 1 and is positioned on the central axis of the lifting ring 1; the fixed pulley 4 is provided with more than 3 groups and is distributed above the lifting ring 1 in a regular polygon shape, and the center of the regular polygon is positioned on the central axis of the lifting ring 1; the elevator 2 is connected with a total traction rope 9, and the total traction rope 9 is wound and unwound along with the rotation of the elevator 2; the traction ropes I3 are arranged according to fixed pulleys, the lower ends of the traction ropes I3 are respectively connected with the hanging rings 1, each connecting point forms a regular polygon connecting structure, and the upper ends of the traction ropes I3 are respectively connected with the total traction ropes 9 after passing through the fixed pulleys 4.
The hoisting machine 2 is a hoisting machine, and the hauling rope I3 and the total hauling rope 9 are steel wire ropes.
The lifting ring 1 is of a circular ring structure, a notch 5 is formed in the outer side of the circular ring, the notch 5 is arranged according to the positions of the lifting pipe and the compressed air pipe in the decomposing tank, and the lifting ring 1 just avoids the components when lifting.
The flexible scraping blade device comprises an upper scraping blade 6, a lower scraping blade 7 and a connecting piece 8, wherein the upper scraping blade 6 and the lower scraping blade 7 are respectively arranged on the edges of the upper surface and the lower surface of the lifting ring 1, and the upper scraping blade 6 and the lower scraping blade 7 are correspondingly arranged; the connecting piece 8 penetrates through the upper scraping piece 6, the hanging ring 1 and the lower scraping piece 7, the two ends of the connecting piece 8 are respectively provided with a fastener, and the outer ends of the upper scraping piece 6 and the lower scraping piece 7 extend outwards along the radial direction of the hanging ring 1; the edges of the upper scraping blade 6 and the lower scraping blade 7 are respectively contacted with the inner wall of the alumina decomposing tank.
The connecting piece 8 is a bolt, and the fastening piece is a nut.
The lifting rings 1 are arranged in a plurality of groups along the vertical direction, the lifting rings 1 in each group are connected through traction ropes II10 distributed in a polygonal shape, and the lifting ring 1 at the topmost end is connected with a lifting device.
The hauling rope II10 is a steel wire rope.
The invention relates to a method for cleaning scabs of an alumina decomposer, which is applied to the device for cleaning scabs of the alumina decomposer and comprises the following steps: in a state of keeping production to continue, the lifting ring 1 is lowered to the bottom of the alumina decomposing tank through the lifting device, then the lifting ring 1 is slowly lifted through the lifting device, and in the lifting process, each group of flexible scraping blade devices are respectively contacted with the inner wall of the alumina decomposing tank, and meanwhile scabs on the inner wall of the alumina decomposing tank are cleaned; when the lowest lifting ring 1 is lifted to exceed the liquid level of the alumina decomposing tank, the lifting device stops to finish one-time cleaning; this cleaning process was repeated until the alumina decomposition tank bottom was completely cleaned of scabs.
The lifting device slowly lifts the lifting ring 1 at a lifting speed of 0.5 m/min.
By adopting the method, when the aluminum oxide is reproduced, the aluminum oxide is cleaned for 3 to 10 days, the scab in the aluminum oxide decomposition tank is basically in a non-state, the shutdown is not needed in the process, the manual operation is not needed, the cleaning of the practical high-temperature clear liquid is not needed, the labor and the cost are saved, the trouble of subsequent treatment of the clear liquid is avoided, the damage to the inner wall of the tank in the manual cleaning process is avoided, the working efficiency is low, and the problems of unsafe high-altitude operation and the like are also avoided.